广东省惠东县2022届高三上学期8月第一次教学质量检测英语试题 Word版含解析

2022届广东省惠东县高三上学期8月第一次教学质量检测英语试题卷面满分120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项:1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将准考证条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，用签字笔直接将答案写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFourremarkableinventionsFormorethanhalfacentury,theConsumerElectronicsShow(CES)hasbeentheplaceforcompaniesandinventorstodisplaytheirnewestandcoolestgadgets.Hereareourpicksforsomeofthemostinterestingandcreativeinventions.TheSweetLittleRollingRobotSamsunghasreleasedBallie,atennis-sizedrobotthatcanfollowyouaroundthehouse,answeryourquestions,andentertainyourpets.Sinceit'sequippedwithacamera,itcankeepaneyeonyourhomewhileyou'reaway.It'slikeasmartassistantthatgoeswhereveryoudo,rollingintoyourbedroomtoringyourwake-upalarm,rollingtothekitchentoturnonthetoasterandgivingyoutheweatherreportasyoubrushyourteeth.TheInsolestoPickUpYourPactAnyrunnerknowstherightshoesarekeytoyourspeed.ButNurvvinsolespromisemorethanmerecushioning.Theinsolestransmitdatatoacoachingapp,whichoffersinformationonyourtechniqueandperformance.Itmeasuresyourfootstrikeandassessesyourinjuryrisk.Theappthengeneratespersonalizedworkoutstosettargetsandhelpyoubeatyourbestspeeds.Halfmarathon,hereyoucome!TheNo-Studio-NeededYogaClassCan'tkeepupyourcommitmenttoayogastudiomembership?TheYoganotchpersonalyogaassistantletsyoudropintoavirtualclassanytimeyouwant.Followalongwithasetserieswhile3-Dsensorstellyouwhetheryouneedtostraightenyourlegsabitmore.Theideaitthatitimproves,yourformwhilereducingtheriskofinjury.TheDau-EnhancedGrillWhileworkingbysight,smellandfeel,achefmayappreciateWeber'snewSmartGrillingHub.Itcanmonitoryourporkandturkeywhileanappgivesadviceaboutcookingtechniqueandsafetemperatures.1.WhatcantheSweetLittleRollingRobotdo?A.Feedyourpets.B.Haytenniswithyou.C.Takeyouwhereveryouwant.D.Assistyoutodoyourhousework.2.Whichofthefollowingissuitableforarunner?A.Ballie.B.Nurvv.C.Yoganotch.D.SmartGrillingHub.3.WhatdoweknowabouttheWeber’sinvention?A.Itusesvirtualreality.B.Itisconvenientforcooking.C.Itmakesmealsforyouautomatically.D.Ithelpsyoudowellinyouryogaexercises.【答案】1.D2.B3.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个最有趣和最有创意的发明的情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“It'slikeasmartassistantthatgoeswhereveryoudo,rollingintoyourbedroomtoringyourwake-upalarm,rollingtothekitchentoturnonthetoasterandgivingyoutheweatherreportasyoubrushyourteeth.(它就像一个智能助手，无论你去哪里，它都会滚进你的卧室，敲响你的闹钟，滚到厨房打开烤面包机，在你刷牙的时候为你播报天气预报)”可知，SweetLittleRollingRobot可以帮助你做家务。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据TheInsolestoPickUpYourPact部分中“Anyrunnerknowstherightshoesarekeytoyourspeed.ButNurvvinsolespromisemorethanmerecushioning.Theinsolestransmitdatatoacoachingapp,whichoffersinformationonyourtechniqueandperformance.Itmeasuresyourfootstrikeandassessesyourinjuryrisk.Theappthengeneratespersonalizedworkoutstosettargetsandhelpyoubeatyourbestspeeds.(任何跑步者都知道正确的鞋子是你速度的关键。但Nurvv鞋垫承诺的不仅仅是缓冲。这款鞋垫可以将数据传输到一个教练应用程序，后者会提供有关你的技术和表现的信息。它会测量你的脚伤并评估你受伤的风险。然后，这款应用会生成个性化的锻炼计划，设定目标，帮助你打破最佳速度)”可知，Nurvv适合跑步者。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Whileworkingbysight,smellandfeel,achefmayappreciate,Weber'snewSmartGrillingHub.Itcanmonitoryourporkandturkeywhileanappgivesadviceaboutcookingtechniqueandsafetemperatures.(通过视觉、嗅觉和触觉工作时，厨师可能会欣赏Weber的新智能烧烤架。它可以监控你的猪肉和火鸡，同时一款应用程序会提供烹饪技巧和安全温度方面的建议)”可知，Weber的发明做饭很方便。故选B。BThoughleadersfromtheInternationalOlympicCommittee(IOC)haveannouncedafirst-of-its-kindpostponementoftheTokyoSummerOlympicsbecauseofthecoronavirusepidemic,peopleallovertheworldarestillconcernedaboutitspreparations.OfficialsfromtheTokyoOlympicCommitteesaytheyaresparingnoeffortandannouncetheTokyoSummerOlympicsin2021isgoinggreen.The5,000medalsJapanhasmadearemorespecialthanmost.OnenovelfocusoftheTokyoOlympicsistobe"sustainable”－toavoidusingtoomanynaturalresources,sothatthegamesareeasyontheenvironment.Aspartofthisgoal,theorganizersdecidedtomakealloftheOlympicmedalsoutofmetalrecycledfromoldelectronics.Almostallelectronicsaremadewithsmallamountsof"preciousmetals",likegoldandsilver.Butcollectingenoughofthesemetalstomake5,000medalswasahugechallenge.That'sbecausetheamountofmetalineachdeviceistiny.Itwouldtakeabout20,000cellphonestogetjustlkilogramofgold.BeginninginApril2017,theorganizersplacedcollectionboxesaroundthecountry,andaskedpeopletoturnintheiroldelectronicdevices.Soonpeoplebegantorespondtotheinitiative(倡导），turninginsmartphones,digitalcameras,handheldgames,andlaptops.Atfirst,collectionwentslowly,butsoonmoreandmoreareasbegantotakepart.Bytheend,1,621localgovernmentshadhelpedoutwiththecollectionprocess.Thencamethejobofbreakingthosedevicesdownintosmallerpieces.Aftereingtakenapartandsorted,thesmallelectronicsweresmelted(熔炼）togetallthegold,silver,andbronzeelements.Thisisatrickyjob,whichcallsforcarefulattentionandgoodskill.It'salsodangerous,becausesomeofthemetalsandotherthingsaren'tsafeforpeopletotouchorbreathe.BytheendofMarch,2019,theorganizershadhittheirtargetsofgettingenoughmetalforthemedals.Theyhadcollectedaround32kilogramsofgold,4,100kilogramsofsilverand2,200kilogramsofbronze.Andnowallthe5,000medalsareavailableforthewould-bewinners.4.WhatcanweknowabouttheTokyoOlympicsmedals?A.Theyarehugelyvaluable.B.Theyareofhighquality.C.Theyaremadefrome-waste.D.Theyaredesigneduniquely.5.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytellus?A.Thedifficultyofmakingthemedals.,B.Theinitiativetorecycleusedsmartphones.C.Theclassificationofthecollecteddevices.D.Theprocessofcollectingoldelectronics.6.Theunderlinedword“tricky”inParagraph5means"A.creativeB.demandingC.well-paidD.time-consuming7.What'sthepurposeofTokyo'swayofmakingthemedals?A.Toadvocatesustainableuseofresources.B.TopromotethespiritofOlympicGames.CTointroduceanewtechniquetomakemedals.D.Toshowthegravityofenvironmentaldamage.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了日本回收电子垃圾制作成2021年东京夏季奥运会的奖牌，贯彻落实资源“可持续发展”的目标。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Aspartofthisgoal,theorganizersdecidedtomakealloftheOlympicmedalsoutofmetalrecycledfromoldelectronics(为了实现这一目标，组织者决定用回收旧电子产品的金属来制作所有的奥运奖牌)可知，东京奥运会的奖牌它们是由电子垃圾制成的。故选C项。【5题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段中BeginninginApril2017,theorganizersplacedcollectionboxesaroundthecountry,andaskedpeopletoturnintheiroldelectronicdevices(从2017年4月开始，组织者在全国各地放置了收集箱，并要求人们上交他们的旧电子设备)以及Atfirst,collectionwentslowly,butsoonmoreandmoreareasbegantotakepart.Bytheend,1,621localgovernmentshadhelpedoutwiththecollectionprocess(起初，收集进展缓慢，但很快越来越多的地区开始参与。截至目前，共有1621个地方政府参与了回收工作)，可知第四段主要告诉我们收集旧电子产品的过程。故选D项。【6题详解】词义猜测题。根据第五段中划线词所在句Thisisatrickyjob,whichcallsforcarefulattentionandgoodskill(这是一项_______工作，需要仔细的注意和良好的技能)以及It'salsodangerous,becausesomeofthemetalsandotherthingsaren'tsafeforpeopletotouchorbreathe(这也是危险的，因为一些金属和其他东西对于人们的触摸和呼吸是不安全的)因此推断这是一个要求高的工作或者很棘手，因此猜测划线词tricky意为“要求高的，棘手的”。故选B项。,【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中OnenovelfocusoftheTokyoOlympicsistobe“sustainable”—toavoidusingtoomanynaturalresources,sothatthegamesareeasyontheenvironment(东京奥运会的一个新焦点是“可持续发展”，即避免使用过多的自然资源，这样奥运会对环境就比较宽松)，可知，东京制造奖牌的目的是提倡资源的可持续利用。故选A项。CLet’sfaceit.You’relikelyreadingthisarticleinanefforttoavoidsomeothertasksyou’reprocrastinating(拖延)tolearnhowtostopprocrastination,buttheclockisticking.Sowhycan’tyouseemtogetridofthat?Thoughthepsychologicalcausesarestilldebated,there’sahumantendencytooverorunderestimatethevalueofarewardbasedonitstemporalproximity(时间接近).Thisisoftenreferredtoastemporaldiscounting.Forexample,ifIofferedyou$100todayor110inamonth,mostwouldtakethehundredandrun.ButwhatifinsteadIofferedyou100dollarsinayearor110inayearandonemonth,youmightsaytoyourselfifIcanwaitayearIcanwaittheextramonth.Butthetimeandvaluedifferencearetheexactsameineachexample.Itturnsoutthathumanmotivationishighlyinfluencedbyhowneartherewardismeaningthefurtherawaytherewardisthemoreyoudiscountitsvalue.Sobeingonlineismoreappealingthanpreparingforyourtest.TheproblemissurfingtheInternetprovidesmanysmallquickandcontinuousrewardsunlikeyourtestscoreswhichareafutureone.Sohowdoyouovercometheurgetoputoffsomanytasks?Unfortunatelythereisnodefiniteanswer,buttryrewardingyourselfwithatimelysnackorotherenjoyableactivities.ThePomodoroTechniquemakesuseofatimertoworkfor25minutesstraightandwhenyou’vedonethisgiveyourselftherewardwitha5-minutebreak.Thenstarttheworkingclockagain,Graduallyincreasingtheamountofworktimeyouputinwillimproveyourtimemanagementskills.It’sbeenshownthatcreatingacostlydeadlineisalsoaneffectivewaytomanageyourworkinghabits.Andtrytoenjoytheprocessofachievingsomethinginsteadofthinkingonlyourminutesofsuffering.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph1referto?A.Thisarticle.B.Procrastination.C.Aneffort.D.Theclock.9.AnexampleisgiveninParagraph2tomakethetheoryA.interestingB.accurateC.understandableD.influential10.Whyissurfingonlinemoreattractivetostudentsthanstudying?A.Ithelpsthemkilltimefaster.,B.Itoffersthemmoreinformation.C.Itsuppliesinstantrewardstothem.D.Itstrengthensthebondbetweenfriends.11.What’sasuggestedsolutiontoprocrastination?A.Rewardingyourselfwithafuturegift.B.Increasingtheamountofworktime.C.Ignoringtheprocessofdoingthetask.D.Payingdearlyforyourprocrastination.【答案】8.B9.C10.C11.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了一些摆脱拖延症的方法。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段中You’relikelyreadingthisarticleinanefforttoavoidsomeothertasksyou’reprocrastinating(拖延)tolearnhowtostopprocrastination,buttheclockisticking.你读这篇文章可能是为了避免一些其他你正在拖延的任务，学习如何停止拖延，但是时间在滴答滴答地流逝。可知，代词that指的是“拖延”。故选B项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中Thoughthepsychologicalcausesarestilldebated,there’sahumantendencytooverorunderestimatethevalueofarewardbasedonitstemporalproximity(时间接近).Thisisoftenreferredtoastemporaldiscounting.虽然心理原因仍有争议，但人类有一种倾向，基于其时间上的接近程度，会高估或低估奖励的价值。这通常被称为时间折现。可知，本段中给出了一个例子，以使该理论易于理解。故选C项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中Sobeingonlineismoreappealingthanpreparingforyourtest.TheproblemissurfingtheInternetprovidesmanysmallquickandcontinuousrewardsunlikeyourtestscoreswhichareafutureone.所以上网比备考更有吸引力。问题是上网提供了许多小的快速和持续的奖励，不像你的考试成绩是未来的一个奖励。可知，上网比学习对学生更有吸引力是因为它给他们提供了即时的回报。故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中It’sbeenshownthatcreatingacostlydeadlineisalsoaneffectivewaytomanageyourworkinghabits.有证据表明，设定一个昂贵的期限也是管理工作习惯的有效方法。可知，为你的拖延付出高昂代价是对拖延症的一个建议。故选D项。DSeptemberisanexcitingmonthineverycollegefreshman'slife.Formany,it'sthefirsttime,thatthey'velefthometoliveinanewenvironment.Butafterthehustleandbustleofafewweeks,excitementgiveswaytoalessenjoyableemotion—homesickness.Homesicknessmanifestsitselfinmanyways.Youmaymissmum'scooking,yourpets,orevenyouroldbed.Allthisbecomesafondmemoryofthepast.Homesicknesscanbeabitterfeelingformanystudents,especiallywhenfacedwiththechallengesofsettlingintoanunfamiliarenvironment.Butremember,you'renotalone.AccordingtoarecentBBCarticle,70percentofBritishcollegestudentsexperiencehomesickness.Inthisincreasinglyglobalizedworldinwhichpeoplemigratetofarawayplacesforarelationship,educationorwork,homesicknessisafeelingsharedbymanyadults.Homesicknesscanhavesimilarsymptomstodepressionandinextremecasesitcandevelopintoapanicattack.Asfortheterm,homesicknessornostalgiawasn'tinventeduntilthe17thcentury.ItwasconsideredadisorderbyaSwissphysician,whoattributedsoldiers'mentalandphysicaldiscomforttotheirlongingtoreturnhome,"nostos"fromGreek,andtheaccompanyingpain,"algos".Studiesinrecentyears,however,haveshownthatnostalgiamayhavesomebenefitstoourmentalhealth.Afteradecadeofsurveysandresearches,ConstantineSedikides,aUSsocialpsychologist,foundthatnostalgiaiswhatmakesushuman.Heexplainsthatnostalgiacanresistloneliness,boredomandanxiety.Therefore,it'snecessaryforcollegestudentstolearnsomewaystoovercometheuncomfortablefeeling.12.Fromthefirsttwoparagraphs,wecaninferthat________.A.homesicknessmeansafondmemoryofthepastB.onlyafewstudentswillexperiencehomesicknessC.homesicknessisanenjoyableemotionamongfreshmenD.collegefreshmenusuallysufferfromhomesicknessafterweeks13.Accordingtothepassage,wecanknowthat________.A.homesicknessmaycausementaldiseasesB.homesicknessisafeelingonlysharedbyadultsC.homesicknesswon'tdoanygoodtoourhealthD.homesicknessisalsocallednostalgiainSwitzerland14.Whatismostlikelytobediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows?A.somebenefitsabouthomesicknessB.otherproblemsincollegefreshmen'slifeC.howtomakecampuslifemoremeaningfulD.sometipsonhowtocopewithhomesickness15.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?,A.Let'sembracehomesicknessB.HowtofitintothecollegelifeC.Aharmfulemotion—homesicknessD.Thedisadvantagesofhomesickness【答案】12.D13.A14.D15.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍大学新生常有的思乡情绪，虽然这种情绪在极端情况下可能会导致精神上的疾病，但同时作者也指出思乡是很正常的，它也可以带来一些好处。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段Butafterthehustleandbustleofafewweeks,excitementgiveswaytoalessenjoyableemotion—homesickness.可知但在几个星期的喧嚣之后，兴奋让位于一种不那么愉快的情绪——思乡。由此可推知，大学生经常在几个星期后开始想家，故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段Homesicknesscanhavesimilarsymptomstodepressionandinextremecasesitcandevelopintoapanicattack.可知思乡病的症状与抑郁相似，在极端情况下，它可以发展成恐慌发作。由此可知，思乡病可能会导致精神疾病，故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中Therefore,it'snecessaryforcollegestudentstolearnsomewaystoovercometheuncomfortablefeeling.可知因此，大学生有必要学习一些方法来克服这种不舒服的感觉。由此可推知，接下来最有可能讨论的是如何处理想家的问题，故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段Septemberisanexcitingmonthineverycollegefreshman'slife.Formany,it'sthefirsttimethatthey'velefthometoliveinanewenvironment.Butafterthehustleandbustleofafewweeks,excitementgiveswaytoalessenjoyableemotion—homesickness.可知九月是每个大学新生生活中令人兴奋的一个月。对许多人来说，这是他们第一次离开家，在一个新的环境中生活。但在几个星期的喧嚣之后，兴奋让位于一种不那么愉快的情绪——思乡。结合文章介绍大学新生常有的思乡的情绪，虽然思乡这种情绪在极端情况下可能会导致精神上的疾病，但同时作者也指出思乡是很正常的，它也可以带来一些好处。故A项“让我们接受思乡病吧”最符合文章标题。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。You'vegotmail…andit'sapostcardPauloMagalhaes,a34-year-oldPortuguesecomputerengineer,lovestoopenhismailboxandfindabrightlycoloredpictureofRome'sColosseum.OrAfrica'sVictoriaFalls.OrChina'sGreatWall.___16___,"Ioftensendpostcardstofamilyandfriends."hesaystoChinaDaily,"butyoucanimaginethatafterawhile,youneverreceiveasmanyasyousend,andyourealizethatnoteveryoneisintoit___17___”Seekingotherlike-mindedsouls,however,Paulostartedlookinginasomewhatunlikelyplace:online.ManywouldsaytheInternetisaplaceforpeoplewhohavegivenuponthetraditionalpostalservice,butPaulo'shunch（直觉）paidoff.Todayhishobbyhasdevelopedintothewebsitepostcrossing.com,asocialnetworkthathasgrownto575,217registeredusersin214countriesandregionssincehestartedit10yearsago.___18___Runningthewebsitehasalmostturnedintoafull-timejob.Languageiscertainlyaharrierformanypeople.Forpostcrossingtoworkworldwide,acommoncommunicationlanguageisneededsothateveryonecanunderstandeachother.AscoolasitmaybetoreceiveapostcardwritteninChinese,theconceptdoesn'tworkifonedoesn'tunderstandit.___19___Soacommonlanguageisrequiredandinpostcrossingthat'sEnglishsinceit'swidelyspoken."ManypeopleinChinahavelimitedexposuretoEnglish.___20___Thatsaid,weknowofmanypostcrossingmembers,includingChinese,whohaveactuallyimprovedtheirEnglishskillsthroughtheiruseofpostcrossing,"Paulosays.A.Andthat'stotallyfineB.ThatmakesitextrahardtolearnandpracticeitC.Helikestothinkofsendingpostcardsasafamily-friendlyhobbyD.Manylovetomakeaconnectionwithsomeonefromacrosstheworld.E.OnAugust5,thenumberofpostcardsexchangedbymemberstopped31million.F.Similarly,ifyouspeakonlyChinese,receivingacardinSwedishtakespartofthefunaway.G.Inshort,helovespostcards,andtheexcitementofgettingahand-writtennotefromsomeonefaraway.【答案】16.G17.A18.E19.F20.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了PauloMagalhaes创建postcrossing.com的过程及其现状。PauloMagalhaes非常喜欢明信片但是苦于身边没有与他志趣相投的人，于是他开始从网上寻求志同道合的人，因而创立了postcrossing.com。随着公司在全球不断壮大，语言成为沟通的主要障碍，后来英语被选为共同语言方便大家交流。【16题详解】上文“PauloMagalhaes,a34-year-oldPortuguesecomputerengineer,lovestoopenhismailboxandfindabrightlycoloredimageofRome'sColosseum.OrAfrica'sVictoriaFalls.OrChina’sGreatWall.(34岁的葡萄牙电脑工程师PauloMagalhaes喜欢打开他的邮箱，然后发现一个色彩鲜艳的罗马斗牛场图像。或者非洲的维多利亚瀑布。或者是中国的长城)”,介绍了Paulo喜欢明信片的个人爱好。下文“...andyourealizethatnoteveryoneisintoit.”说明他身边缺少与他志趣相投的人。选项G“Inshort,helovespostcards,andtheexcitementofgettingascribblednotefromsomeonefaraway.(简而言之，他喜欢明信片，也喜欢收到远方某人潦草的便条时的那种兴奋)”起到承上启下的作用，总结了上文Paulo喜欢明信片，也引出下文关于他的喜好得不到回应的问题。故选G项。【17题详解】上文““Ioftensendpostcardstofamilyandfriends."hesaystoChinaDaily,“butyoucanimaginethatafterawhile,youneverreceiveasmanyasyousend,andyourealizethatnoteveryoneisintoit(“我经常给家人和朋友寄明信片，”他说，“但你可以想象，过一段时间，你收到的明信片不会像你寄的那么多，而且你意识到并不是每个人都喜欢这样。”)”说明Paulo意识到身边的亲人和朋友不是都和他有相同的爱好，因此他也很坦然接受这个事实，因此选项A“那完全没问题”符合语境。故选A项。【18题详解】上文“TodayhishobbyhasevolvedintothewebsitePostcrossing.com,asocialnetworkthathasgrownto575,217registeredusersin214countriesandregionssincehelaunchedit10yearsago.(如今，他的这个爱好已经发展成了Postcrossing.com这个社交网站。自从10年前他创建这个网站以来，已经有来自214个国家和地区的575217名注册用户)”是在介绍目前网站的发展状况，因此符合文意的只有E选项“8月5日，会员互赠的明信片数量达到3100万张”是在介绍该网站相关的数据。故选E项。【19题详解】上文“AscoolasitmaybetoreceiveapostcardwritteninChinese,theconceptdoesn'tworkifonedoesn'tunderstandit.(收到一张用中文写的明信片可能很酷，但如果你不理解它，这个概念就行不通)”是举例说明他国人收到中文明信片时的问题。选项F“Similarly,ifyouspeakonlyChinese,receivingacardwritteninSwedishtakespartofthefunaway.(同样地，如果你只会说中文，收到瑞典语的卡片也会夺走一部分乐趣)”是举例说明中国人收到他国语言明信片时也会遇到相同的问题。两句相结合，符合结论句的语义要求，故选F项。【20题详解】上文“ManypeopleinChinahavelimitedexposuretoEnglish.(许多中国人很少能接触到英语)”说明对某些人来说学习英语的门槛较高。结合下文“...whoactuallyimprovedtheirEnglishskillsthroughtheiruseofpostcrossing.(他们实际上通过使用明信片来提高他们的英语技能)”可知，写明信片成为一种练习英语的渠道。因此选项B“这使得学习和练习它变得格外困难”符合语境要求，说明对一些人来说学习和练习英语的难度较高，因为渠道较少。故选B项。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分),第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。SinceitwasuploadedtoInternetinJune,thevideoofNigerianballetdancerMadudancingintherainhasbeen___21___hundredsofthousandsoftimesover.Inamomentwhensocialmediachannelshavebeenfilledwithupsetting___22___,thesceneofthe11-year-oldpirouetting(单脚旋转)overpuddles(水坑)isespecially___23___.MaduisoneofadozenstudentsatDanielOwoseni’sLeapAcademy(学院)ofDance.Owoseni___24___theballetschoolthreeyearsago.He___25___himselfafterwatchingSavetheLastDanceat13.“Ibasicallylearnedallthefundamental___26___ofballetthroughInternet,”saysOwoseni.A___27___later,Owoseniwasoutstandingenoughto___28___thebestinthecountry.___29___,hishopesforaninternationalcareerwerequicklyruined,forhewastoldanAfricanwasnotqualified.ItwasthenthatOwosenidecidedto____30____aballetschoolinhishometownforkidslikehimselfwhocouldn’t____31____balletclasses.Owosenistartedteachingathishomebeforealocalbusinesswomanofferedhimafree____32____wherehenowholdsweeklylessons.Beyondthe____33____thattheacademyhasreceivedfromallovertheworld,he’smostimpressedbythe____34____ofhisownpupils.“Nothingmakesateacher____35____thanastudentwhowantstolearn,”hesays.“Eventhoughitrainscatsanddogsoutsidethey’regettingreadyforclass.Whowouldn’tbeproudofthesechildren?”21.A.heardB.viewedC.madeD.delivered22.A.newsB.promisesC.creditsD.progress23.A.inspiringB.annoyingC.interestingD.convincing24.A.attendedB.foundedC.finishedD.discovered25.A.demandedB.exchangedC.clarifiedD.taught26.A.competitionsB.directionsC.principlesD.solutions27.A.decadeB.fortnightC.centuryD.week28.A.manageB.surpriseC.cancelD.match29.A.AnywayB.HoweverC.BesidesD.Therefore30.A.runintoB.accountforC.setupD.referto31.A.affordB.reserveC.receiveD.submit32.A.opportunityB.spaceC.guidanceD.holiday33.A.intentionB.permissionC.assistanceD.attention,34.A.contributionB.motivationC.devotionD.admission35.A.angrierB.sadderC.wiserD.happier【答案】21.B22.A23.A24.B25.D26.C27.A28.D29.B30.C31.A32.B33.D34.C35.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文通过一个11岁男孩走红的芭蕾视频导入，介绍了他的老师Owoseni的传奇人生：从小自学成才，通过自己的努力在家乡为像他一样没钱上芭蕾课的孩子们开办一所芭蕾学校，并为他学生们的努力投入而骄傲。【21题详解】考查动词过去分词词义辨析。句意：自从来自尼日利亚的芭蕾舞者马杜在雨中跳舞的视频在6月被上传到网上后，到现在为止已经获得了超过几十万的观看量。A.heard（被）听到；B.viewed（被）观看；C.made（被）制作；D.delivered（被）发送。因为传到网上的是视频，所以应该是“被观看”。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在社交媒体频道充斥着令人沮丧的消息的时刻，11岁孩子在水坑上做脚尖旋转的场景尤其令人振奋。A.news新闻，消息；B.promises承诺；C.credits信用；D.progress进步。社交媒体所传播的可以是“消息”，其他选项如“承诺、信用和进步”都不是社交媒体所传播的。所以应填news。故选A项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：句意：在社交媒体频道充斥着令人沮丧的消息的时刻，11岁孩子在水坑上做脚尖旋转的场景尤其令人振奋。A.inspiring鼓舞人心的，令人振奋的；B.annoying令人恼怒的；C.interesting有趣的；D.convincing令人信服的。和上文“令人沮丧的消息”相对应，可知，空格处应该是upsetting的反义词inspiring，孩子的舞蹈场景令人振奋，符合句意。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Owoseni3年前创办了这所芭蕾舞学校。A.attended出席；B.founded建立，创办；C.finished完成；D.discovered发现。因原来没有这所学校，所以由Owoseni创办这所学校（theballetschool），符合句意。故选B项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他本人是在13岁时观看了“留住最后一支舞”之后自学成才的。A.demanded要求；B.exchanged交换；C.clarified澄清；D.taught教。根据下文“Ibasicallylearnedallthefundamental___6___ofballetthroughInternet”可知，他是自学舞蹈。teachoneself意为“自学”。故选D项。,【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我基本上是通过互联网学会了所有芭蕾的基本法则（动作）。A.competitions比赛；B.directions指导；C.principles法则，原理；D.solutions解决方案。通过网络学到的东西，可以是芭蕾舞的法则，不可以是其它选项如“（芭蕾舞的）指导、解决方案和比赛”。故选C项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：十年后，Owoseni优秀的表现足以和国内最优秀的舞者们同台竞技。A.decade十年；B.fortnight两星期；C.century世纪；D.week周。根据后文“Owoseniwasoutstandingenoughto___8___thebestinthecountry.”可知，Owoseni成功了，一个舞蹈演员从开始学习到成功，十年的时间，合乎逻辑。B项和D项太短，C项太长，故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：十年后，Owoseni优秀的表现足以和国内最优秀的舞者们同台竞技。A.manage设法完成；B.surprise使……惊讶；C.cancel取消；D.match与……匹敌；与……不相上下。根据前文“Owoseniwasoutstandingenough”和后文“thebestinthecountry”可知，Owoseni的舞蹈水平已经可以和全国最好的相匹敌了。故选D项。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，他对国际职业生涯的希望很快就破灭了，因为他被告知一个非洲人不够格。A.Anyway无论如何；B.However然而；C.Besides另外；D.Therefore因此。后文“hishopesforaninternationalcareerwerequicklyruined…”和前文“Owoseniwasoutstandingenough…”是转折关系。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：就在那时，Owoseni决定在他的家乡为像他一样没钱上芭蕾课的孩子们建立一所芭蕾舞学校。A.runinto遇到；B.accountfor说明；C.setup建立；D.referto涉及。原来没有这所学校，根据句子主语Owoseni和动词宾语aballetschool，可知应用“建立”。故选C项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，Owoseni决定在他的家乡为像他一样没钱上芭蕾课的孩子们建立一所芭蕾舞学校。A.afford买得起，负担得起；B.reserve预定，保留；C.receive接收；D.提交，呈递；屈服，顺从。Owoseni本人是自学成才的，之所以自学成才，应该是上不起舞蹈学校。根据前文“inhishometownforkidslikehimself”，可知，这所芭蕾舞学校是为像他那样的上不起芭蕾舞课的孩子建立的。故选A项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：刚开始他在自己家里上课，后来当地一位女商人给他免费提供了一个上课的场所，现在他每周都在那儿上课。A.opportunity机会；B.space空间，空地；C.,guidance指导；D.holiday假期。根据前文“Owosenistartedteachingathishome”，可知，Owoseni的学校起初并没有场所。分析句子可知“wherehenowholdsweeklylessons”是where引导的定语从句，先行词应为地点名词，所以用space合乎逻辑，符合句意。故选B项【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，除了学校受到全世界关注以外，让他印象最深刻的是自己学生的投入。A.intention意图；B.permission允许；C.assistance援助；D.attention注意。根据文章开头“SinceitwasuploadedtoInternetinJune,thevideoofNigerianballetdancerMadudancingintherainhasbeen___1___hundredsofthousandsoftimesover.”介绍，可知，现在学校受到全世界的注意。故选D项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，除了学校受到全世界的关注以外，让他印象最深刻的是自己学生的挚爱和奉献精神。A.contribution贡献；B.motivation动机；C.devotion奉献，专心，热爱；D.admission准许进入，承认。根据下文最后一句“Eventhoughitrainscatsanddogsoutsidethey’regettingreadyforclass.（即使外面下着倾盆大雨，他们也在为上课做准备。）”可知，老师最引以为傲的是他自己学生们对学习的挚爱，和奉献精神。故选C项。【35题详解】考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：没有什么比一个想要学习的学生更让老师开心的了。A.angrier更生气的；B.sadder更伤心；C.wiser更明智的；D.happier更高兴的。根据句意可知，此句为否定的比较级表达最高级，说明最使老师高兴的事就是学生渴望学习精神。学生爱学习，老师则开心，其他选项如“生气、伤心和明智”均不合句意。故选D项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空自处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。BackpackChina’sSilkRoadThisisnotavoyagethatmanytravelersexperience;it’softenoverlookedinfavourofmoreaccessibleandfamousdestinationsinChina.Butforadventuroustravelerslookingforsomething____36____（true）different,backpackingtheChineseSilkRoadbringsgloriousrewards.Inhistory,theSilkRoadincludedmanyroutesthatconnectedeastandsouthAsiatoMediterraneanEurope,so____37____（name）becausethelargestgoodstradeddowntheroutewereChinesesilk.Severalhistorical____38____(branch)intheroadmeanthatyouhaveoptionswhen____39____(decide)yourroute.China’snorthwestishistoricallyoneof____40____(it)leastconnectedregions.TheJiayupass,wheretheimpressiveJiayuguanFortwasbuiltinthe1370s,____41____(mark)theendoftheGreatWall.Theregionspreadsover2400km,mostof____42____isseparatedbyvastareasofdesert.Theregionisnowconnectedbyhigh-speedrail,makinggettingaround____43____easything.If,takinganovernighttraintrip,equipyourself____44____foodandplentyofbottledwaterbeforeyoustart.Trainsalsousuallysellbeerandwine,butathighprices,sobesuretopackyourown,ashavingaganbeiisagreatway_____45_____(meet)localsandmakefriendswhiletraveling.【答案】36.truly37.named38.branches39.deciding40.its41.marks42.which43.an44.with45.tomeet【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。讲述了丝绸之路上的背包旅行，以及丝绸之路的历史。【36题详解】考查副词。句意：但对于那些想寻找一种真正不同的东西的冒险旅行者来说，在中国丝绸之路进行的背包旅行会带来丰厚的回报。修饰形容词different用副词形式作状语，故填truly。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在历史上，丝绸之路包括许多连接东南亚和地中海地区的欧洲国家的路线，之所以这样命名，是因为这条路线上贸易最大的商品是中国丝绸。此处是省略。完整的句子是“theSilkRoadwassonamed”，这里主语与前面主句一致，主语和be动词形式被省略。故填named。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：道路上的几个具有历史意义的分支，意味着当你决定路线的时候有选择。分析句子可知，空格处是主语，用名词形式，由several修饰,因此branch要用复数形式。故填branches。【39题详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：道路上的几个历史分支意味着你在决定你的路线时有选择。when引导时间状语从句，主从句主语一致，谓语动词含有be动词形式，省略从主语和be动词形式，这里完整的表达是“whenyouaredeciding”，故填deciding。【40题详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：中国的西北部在历史上是中国最不相连的区域之一。这里it指China，修饰名词regions，用形容词性物主代词，故填its。【41题详解】考查动词时态。句意：十四世纪七十年代最重要的嘉峪关堡垒建造的地方嘉峪关标志着长城的尽头。分析句子可知，where引导定语从句，修饰TheJiayupass，因此整个句子缺谓语，描述现在的事实，用一般现在时，主语TheJiayupass是第三人称单数，故mark用第三人称单数。故填marks。,【42题详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这个区域大概2400km，大部分地方被广阔的沙漠分离。分析句子可知，“mostof____7____isseparatedbyvastareasofdesert.”是定语从句，修饰Theregion，指物，从句中作介词of的宾语，用关系代词which。故填which。【43题详解】考查不定冠词。句意：现在这个地方被高速铁路连接，使得走动成为一件方便的事。根据句意，此处泛指“一件容易的事情”，同时easy的发音以元音音素开头，要用不定冠词an。故填an。【44题详解】考查动词。句意：如果你要坐一整夜的火车，在出发之前给你自己带上食物和大量瓶装水。equipsb.withsth.是固定短语，表示“配有”，故填with。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：火车通常也卖啤酒和葡萄酒，但价格很高，所以一定要自己打包，因为干杯是旅游时遇见当地人和交朋友好方法。thewaytodosth“做……的方式”，用不定式作定语，故填tomeet。第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，下周有新西兰学生访问你校，你将作为学生代表致欢迎辞。请为此写一篇发言稿，内容包括：1.表示欢迎；2.介绍活动安排；3.表达祝愿。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】Distinguishedguests:Onbehalfofourschool,Iwouldliketoconveymysincerewelcomeforyourvisiting.Atfirst,itisofsignificancetofullyunderstandtheschool.Asscheduled,allofyouwillvisitthemuseum,whichcontainsthesplendidhistoryofourschool.Furthermore,ourclassesareworthyofbeingattended,becauseyoucanappreciatethedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesternteachingmethods.Afterthat,itisatcanteenthatyoucanhaveaspeciallunchwithourstudents.Asmentionedabove,Iextremelyexpectyourcoming.Mayyouhaveanunforgettableexperience.【解析】,【分析】本文是一篇应用文，要求考生写一篇发言稿，向即将到校的新西兰学生致欢迎辞。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1．表示欢迎；2．介绍活动安排；3．表达祝愿。第二步:列提纲（重点词组）onbehalfof;wouldliketo;convey;sincerewelcome;beofsignificance;splendid;beworthyof;appreciate;teachingmethods;canteen;extremelyexpect;unforgettable第三步：连词成句1.OnbehalfofourschoolIwouldliketoconveymysincerewelcomeforyourvisiting.2.Atfirst,itisofsignificancetofullyunderstandtheschool.3.Asscheduled,allofyouwillvisitthemuseum,whichcontainsthesplendidhistoryofourschool.4.Furthermore,ourclassesareworthyofbeingattended,becauseyoucanappreciatethedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesternteachingmethods.5.Afterthat,itisatcanteenthatyoucanhaveaspeciallunchwithourstudents.6.Asmentionedabove,Iextremelyexpectyourcoming.7.Mayyouhaveanunforgettableexperience.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：atfirst2.表并列补充关系：Furthermore连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。,【点睛】[高分句型1]Asscheduled,allofyouwillvisitthemuseum,whichcontainsthesplendidhistoryofourschool.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]Afterthat,itisatcanteenthatyoucanhaveaspeciallunchwithourstudents.(运用了强调句型)第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。AfunnythinghappenedtoArthurwhenhewasonthewaytoworkoneday.AshewalkedalongParkAvenueneartheFirstNationalBank，heheardthesoundofsomeonetryingtostartacar.Hetriedagainandagainbutcouldn’tgetthecarmoving.Arthurturnedandlookedinsideatthefaceofayoungmanwholookedworried.Arthurstoppedandasked，“Itlookslikeyou’vegotaproblem，”Arthursaid.“I’mafraidso.I’minabighurryandIcan’tstartmycar.”“IstheresomethingIcandotohelp？”Arthurasked.Theyoungmanlookedatthetwosuitcasesinthebackseatandthensaid，“Thanks.Ifyou’resureitwouldn’tbetoomuchtrouble，youcouldhelpmegetthesesuitcasesintoataxi.”“Notroubleatall.I’dbegladtohelp.”Theyoungmangotoutandtookoneofthesuitcasesfromthebackseat.Afterplacingitontheground，heturnedtogettheotherone.JustasArthurpickedupthefirstsuitcaseandstartedwalking，heheardthelongloudnoiseofanalarm.Itwasfromthebank.Therehadbeenarobbery(抢劫)!ParkAvenuehadbeenquietamomentbefore.Nowtheairwasfilledwiththesoundofthealarmandtheshoutsofpeoplerunningfromalldirections.Carsstoppedandthepassengersjoinedthecrowdinfrontofthebank.Peopleaskedeachother，“Whathappened？”Buteveryonehadadifferentanswer.Arthur，stillcarryingthesuitcase，turnedtolookatthebankandwalkedrightintotheyoungwomaninfrontofhim.Shelookedatthesuitcaseandthenathim.Arthurwassurprised.“Whyisshelookingatmelikethat？”Hethought.“Thesuitcase!ShethinksI’mthebankthief！”Arthurlookedaroundatthecrowdofpeople.Hebecamefrightened，andwithoutanotherthought，hestartedtorun.注意：1．所续写短文的词数应为130左右；2．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；Paragraph1：Ashewasrunning，Arthurheardtheyoungmanshoutingbehind，“Stop，stop！”,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2：ThetaxistoppedinfrontofthePoliceStationandArthur________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】AShewasrunning,Arthurheardtheyoungmanshoutingbehind,“Stop,stop!”Arthurimmediatelyrealizedthattheyoungmanwasthebankrobber.SoArthurdidn'tstop,butcontinuedtorununtilhesawandcaughtataxiinfrontofhim.Hequicklyputthesuitcaseinthecarandsaidtothedriver,“PleasehurrytothePoliceStation.Ihaveacasetoreporttothepolice:themanshoutingbehindisthebankthief!”ThetaxiracedawaytothePoliceStationlikeanarrow.ThetaxistoppedinfrontofthePoliceStationandArthursaidtothepolicewhohadbeenwaitingandwhohadalreadyreceivedtherobberyreport,"Thissuitcaseisthatofthebankrobber.Hemaybefleeingwiththemoneystolenfromthebank.Ihandittoyou.Pleasegetreadytoarresttheman."【解析】【分析】本篇文章以人物Arthur为线索展开。文章的主人公Arthur在上班的路上遇到了一个年轻人，以为他遇到了困难，正在帮助他时，听到警报声，知道有人抢劫银行，通过判定后得知他帮助的那个年轻人就是抢劫犯，于是Arthur去警察局报案，让警察逮捕那个人。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“Arthur一边跑，一边听到那个年轻人在身后大喊:‘停下，停下!’”可知，第一段可描写Arthur判定出那个年轻人就是抢劫犯，然后写一下他准备去警察局报案的过程。②由第二段首句内容“出租车停在了警察局前”可知，第二段可描写Arthur向警察报了案，让警察去逮捕那个人。2.续写线索：走路——帮助——着急走——搬箱子——警报声——抢劫——跑3.词汇激活行为类①走路：walk/goalong②搬箱子：carry/get/makethesuitcaseintothetaxi③着急走：hurrytogo/goinahurry④跑：run/startrunning情感类①惊讶的：surprised/amazed,②害怕的：frightened/afraid【点睛】[高分句型1].Arthurimmediatelyrealizedthattheyoungmanwasthebankrobber.（由连接词that引导的宾语从句作realized的宾语）[高分句型2].ThetaxistoppedinfrontofthePoliceStationandArthursaidtothepolicewhohadbeenwaitingandwhohadalreadyreceivedtherobberyreport.（who引导的限制性定语从句，thepolice为先行词）