江苏省南京29中、南菁中学等四校2021届高三12月联考英语试题（含听力） Word版含解析

高三第一学期第二次阶段检测英语试卷满分150分；考试时间120分第一部分听力(共两节，每题1.5分，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whichpartoftheweddingplanningdidthemanfinddifficult?A.Thelocation.B.Thefood.C.Themusic.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Youmustbesoexcitedforyourwedding.Wasitdifficulttofindtheplacetoholdit?Ibetthatwasthehardestpartoftheplanning.M:No.Itwaseasy,andtherecamewithaband.Itwasmuchhardertofindsomeonetocook.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdidthemandoyesterday?A.Hesawadentist.B.Hetooksomeexams.C.Hewatchedabasketballmatch.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Ididn’tseeyouinschoolyesterday.Youmissedanexcitingbasketballmatch!Haveyoubeenill?M:I’mfinenowbutIfeltsickwithworrybeforemybigdentalappointment.Iwasthereforhours,soIjustwenthomeafterandreviewedfortheexams.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatdoesthemanthinkofthetriptoLondon? A.Itisexcellent.B.Itisaverage.C.Itisdisappointing.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Ah,you’reback.HowwasLondon—wonderfulordisappointing?M:Well,Imadeabigmistake.Iwasexpectinganaveragesortoftrip,soIonlybookedtwodays.Icouldhavestayedhappilyfortwomonths.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whendidthestoreopentoday?A.At9:00a.m.B.At8:00a.m.C.At7:00a.m.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Ithoughtthestoreopenedat9:00a.m.Igothereanhourearlyandmostitemswerealreadygone.W:That’sbecausewehavedifferentbusinesshoursduringholidays.We’renowopentwohoursearlybecauseoftheChristmassale.5.此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Animals.B.Scars.C.Childhood.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Lookatthisone.IgotthisfromadogthatbitmewhenIwasthree.W:Checkthisout.IgotthiswhenIsteppedonsomeglasslastmonth.Ilostsomuchbloodandhadtogototheemergencyroom.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6.Whatdoesthewomanrecommendthemantobuyduringthesale?A.Clothes.B.Flowers.C.Food.7.Whywon’tthemanbuytheshoestoday?A.Thestoredoesn’tsellthem.B.Theyhavebeensoldout.C.Theyaren’tonsale.【答案】6.C7.C【解析】【原文】M:Hello,I’mlookingtobuyanewpairofshoesforthewinter.Isawyouradvertisementanditsaidyou’rehavingabigsaletoday.W:That’sright.Unfortunately,mostoftheshoesaren’tonsaletoday.Youcansavealotofmoneyonsomethingtoeatifyouwanttotakeadvantageofthesavings,though.M:Ithoughtthattherewereafewshoebrandsonsaleaswell.WasImistaken?W:Well,theshoesthatareonsalethisweekendareactuallyforwomenandchildren.Themen’sfootwearsalewasearlierthismonth.M:Oh,that’stoobad.W:Butweofferflowersforfree.Whydon’tyoutakesome?听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Motherandson.C.Tailorandcustomer.9.Whenisthespeechprobablyhappening?A.Latertoday.B.Tomorrowmorning.C.Thedayaftertomorrow.10.Whydoesthewomanneedtopickupthesuitthedaybeforethespeech?A.Tomakesureitisrepaired.B.Tomakesureitisclean.C.Tomakesureitisironed.【答案】8.B9.C10.A 【解析】【原文】W:Remembertospeakloudlythroughoutthewholespeech,butdon’tyell.Youwantpeopletohearyou,butyoudon’twanttoseemaggressive.Youdon’twanttoscareawayyourfans.M:Mom,theyhavesoundequipmentthatwillmakemyvoicelouder.Idon’tneedtospeakloudly.Ijustneedtospeakclearly.W:Okay,that’sfine.Iwillbepickingupyoursuitfromthetailor’stomorrowmorning,butyoushouldcallthemlatertodaytomakesureitwillbeready.M:Whyareyoupickingitupthedaybeforemyspeechbutnotthedayof?Idon’twantittogetwrinkledordirty.W:Thosewon’thappen,butyouneedtotryonthesuitbeforethespeech.Ineedtomakesurethetailorfixedthebuttonsthatweredamaged.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inacafé.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inastudio.12.Whatisdifferentaboutthewoman’sbusiness?A.Itonlyservesvegetables.B.Itonlyservesmeat.C.Itonlyservesthefreshestfish.13.Whichofthefollowingcandescribethewoman’sbusiness?A.Expensive.B.Successful.C.Ordinary.【答案】11.B12.A13.B【解析】【原文】M:Thisplaceiscertainlybusy.Itlookslikeyourideaisapopularone.Howdidyoucomeupwithit?W:Well,Idon’teatmeatorfishmyselfandIalwaysfounditdifficulttofindaplacethatservedgoodfoodforpeoplelikeme.M:Thatistrue.Iwasinacaféyesterdayandtheyjustservedmeaplateofvegetables.Theydidn’tmakeanyefforttomakeanicesauceorsomethinglikethat.W:Justbecausewehaveaparticulardiet,itdoesn’tmeanwedon’twantamealofrestaurantquality. IonlybuythefreshestvegetablesfromtheshopsandIturnthemintosomethingdelicious.M:Youcertainlydoandthepricesofyourmealsseemreasonable.W:Weaimtomakepeoplefeelcomfortabletoeathere.Evenmeateatersenjoycomingherebecausetheyfindthefoodtasty.M:Theymustwonderwhytheyeverlikedmeatinthefirstplace.W:I’dbehappyifpeoplegaveupeatingitbecauseofmyefforts.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatistheman?A.Anewsreporter.B.Amodernnovelist.C.Agovernmentofficial.15.WhatisthegoaloftheParksProject?A.Tobuildmoreparks.B.Tosavewildlifeandprotecttheenvironment.C.Toeducatepeopleabouttheircity’sorigins.16.WhatdopeoplethinkabouttheParksProject?A.Itwillcreatemorejobs.B.Itwillcosttoomuchmoney.C.Itwillbenefittourismdevelopment.17.Whatwillbemainlyaddedtotheparks?A.Sculpturesandcarvings.B.Commercialbuildings.C.Amusementrides.【答案】14.A15.C16.C17.A【解析】【原文】M:Hi,isthatRachelStewart?W:Itis.M:Hi,Rachel.It’sDonPorterfromtheVancouverSun.WearedoinganewsarticleontheParksProject.Doyouhaveamoment?W:Certainly.HowcanIhelpyou? M:Maybeyoucouldstartbytellinguswhatthisprojectisabout?W:Sure.We’retryingtoraiseawarenessaboutourculturalhistorythroughourparksystems.M:Doesthatmeanyouwillbebuildingmoreparks?W:No.Whatweareintendingtodoisupdateourexistingparkstoteachpeopleaboutthelandandthepeoplewhofirstoccupiedit.M:Whathasbeenthepublicreactionsofar?W:It’sbeenverypositive.Thepeoplefeelitwillnotonlybringourcommunitiestogether,butmakeourparksmoreattractivetovisitors.M:Andhowmuchwillthiscostthetaxpayers?Willtherebeanynegativeeffectstothewildlifeorsurroundingenvironment?W:Notatall.First,themoneyweareusingforthisprojecthasallbeendonated.Second,wearenottakingawayfromtheenvironment,butsimplyaddingsomethingtoit.M:Whatkindofadditions?W:Mostlynativecarvingsandsculpturesmadebythepeoplewhoseancestorsfirstlivedhere.Buttherewillalsobebenchesandgardens.M:OK,IthinkIhaveenoughhere.Thankyouforyourtime,Rachel.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.WhichmemberoftheAttenboroughfamilyperformedinfilms?A.David.B.Richard.C.John.19.WhendidDavidAttenboroughfirstbecomeaTVpresenter?A.In1952.B.In1954.C.In1973.20.WhatdoesDavidAttenboroughworryabout?A.Humaninfluencesontheplanet.B.Thelackofsocialactivitiesinhislife.C.Theproductionofhisnextdocumentary.【答案】18.B19.B20.A【解析】【原文】W:DavidAttenboroughisaBritishbroadcasterandnaturalhistorianwhoisknownthroughouttheworldforhisnaturedocumentariesandhissupportforenvironmentalissues.Heis consideredanationaltreasureintheUKandisstillcontinuinghisbroadcastingcareer.DavidAttenboroughwasbornonMay8th,1926.HeisbestknownforwritingandpresentingtheBBC’sLifedocumentaryseriesthattogetherformageneralsurveyofanimalandplantlifeonEarth.Heistheyoungerbrotherofthefamousdirector,producerandmovieactorRichardAttenboroughandolderbrotherofthemotorbossJohnAttenborough.DavidAttenboroughwasinterestedinnaturefromanearlyage.HejoinedtheBBCin1952,andhisintroductiontoTVwasin1954whenhepresentedZooQuest.HelaterbecameaTVchiefbutreturnedtobroadcastingin1973withEastwardswithAttenborough.ThefirstofhisambitiousLifeonEarthserieswasmadewiththecooperationofanAmericannetworkin1979.Hismorerecentprogramshaveusedscientificevidencetoshowtheeffectofman’sactivitiesontheplanet,somethingwhichgreatlyconcernsthebroadcaster.Atleast20livingthingshavebeennamedafterAttenborough,includingatree,abutterfly,afishandafrog.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AUnusualshapes,ambitiousdesigns,newmaterialsandnewdifferentstyleshavecomewiththemodernarchitectureintoconstructiontoday.Andtheworldowessomeofitsstrangestbuildingstothemastermindsofunconventionalarchitects.Herearesomeofthem.CubicHouses,Rotterdam,NetherlandsTheCubicHousesareanarchitecturalwonderlocatedinRotterdam,theNetherlands.TheyweredesignedandconstructedbyarchitectPietBlominthe1970s.BlomwasaskedbyRotterdamtownplannerstosolvethedilemmaofbuildinghousesontopofapedestrianbridge.They’recubes(立方形)situatedindifferentanglesoverhexagonalpoles(柱),sotheylookliketreesandaltogethermakeaforest.Thereare38smallcubesandtheyareallattachedtoeachother.NationalCentreforthePerformingArts,ChinaTheNationalCenterforthePerformingArts(NCPA),describedasTheGiantEgg,isanartscenterinBeijing,China.TheconstructionstartedinDecember2001andittookalmost6yearstocomplete.Thebuildingissurroundedbyanartificiallake,seats5,452peopleinthreehallsandis almost12,000㎡insize.Asoneofthestrangestbuildings,itwasdesignedbyFrencharchitectPaulAndreu.ForestSpiral,GermanyTheForestSpiralisaresidential(住宅的)buildingcomplexinDarmstadt,Germany.ItwasdesignedbyAustrianartistFriedensreichHundertwasser,andconstructedbytheBauvereinDarmstadtcompany.Thebuildingwascompletedin2000.It’sareallyamazingbuildingwithagreenroof,resemblingaspiral(螺旋).Habitat67,Montreal,CanadaHabitat67,ahousingcomplexinMontreal,Canada,wasdesignedbyIsraeli—CanadianarchitectMosheSafdie.Habitat67resemblesaveryinterestingarrangementofcubesthatkidsplaywith.Itlookssooriginalandisabuildingcompletelystableandcomfortableforliving.21.Whatmakesthefourbuildingsspecial?A.Theirsizes.B.Theirfunctions.C.Theirappearances.D.Theirbuildingmaterials.22.Whichofthefollowingbuildingsresembletrees?A.TheCubicHouses.B.TheNCPA.C.TheForestSpiral.D.Habitat67.23.WhatdotheForestSpiralandHabitat67share?ATheylooklikecubes.B.Theywerebuiltforliving.C.Theyhaveagreenroof.D.Theywerecompletedin2000.【答案】21.C22.A23.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上一些最奇特的建筑。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Unusualshapes,ambitiousdesigns,newmaterialsandnewdifferentstyleshavecomewiththemodernarchitectureintoconstructiontoday.(不寻常的形状，雄心勃勃的设计，新材料和新的不同的风格，随着现代建筑进入今天的建设)”可知，这四座建筑的特别之处在于它们不寻常的外表。故选C。【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章CubicHouses,Rotterdam,Netherlands中的“They’recubes(立方形)situatedindifferentanglesoverhexagonalpoles(柱),sotheylookliketreesandaltogethermakeaforest.(它们是位于六角形杆上的不同角度的立方体，所以它们看起来像树木，合起来就是一片森林)”可知，荷兰的立体房屋像树。故选A。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据文章ForestSpiral,Germany中的“TheForestSpiralisaresidential(住宅的)buildingcomplexinDarmstadt,Germany.(森林螺旋是位于德国达姆施塔特的一个住宅建筑群)”和Habitat67,Montreal,Canada中的“Habitat67,ahousingcomplexinMontreal,Canada,wasdesignedbyIsraeli—CanadianarchitectMosheSafdie.(Habitat67是加拿大蒙特利尔的一个住宅综合体，由以色列裔加拿大建筑师MosheSafdie设计)”可知，森林螺旋和Habitat67共同之处在于它们都是生活住宅。故选B。BAfewweeksago,Ifoundmyselftakenabackbythestrangeandroughbehaviorofamedicalpractitioner(行医者).ForthefirsttimethatIcouldremember,Ihadmissedanappointment,andshecalledtoberateme.Yes,itwasmyfault,butIthinkIsubconsciouslyavoidedtheappointmentduetotheaggressivecommunicationwehadhadthusfar.IhadasenseofwhatIwasgettingintowhenIchosetogowithher—Iwaswarnedaboutherbedsidemanner—butshecame,highlyrecommendedbymultiplepeople,andIdidnothavetheenergytokeeplookingforotheroptions.SoIwentwithherandmademyselfreadyforthejourney.ButIwasnotprepared.Shescreamedatmeforminutesonend,asIsatthere,unabletogetawordin,feelingterriblyguiltyandashamedofthemissedappointmentandhavingwastedhertime.Therewasnocalmtalkaboutpayingforthemissedappointment.Afterthephonecall,Ifeltterrible.Ibelievethateverythinghappensforareason,andthateveryonewemeetcomesintoourlivesforareason.Aweekorsolater,aftertellingafriendabouttheevent,Iwasblessedwiththisinsight:Thiswoman’sattackingvoicewasfamiliar,anditwaspersonifiedandstrengthenedbymyharsh(刺耳的),criticalinnervoice.Myfriendhelpedmeseewhatablessingthisencounterwas.IfIcouldseemyinnercriticasthiswomanwithherassociatedfoolishbehaviour,Iwouldnotallowmyselftobuyintoit.IrememberIoncereadanarticlewhichsaysthatwhenwelookatthebehaviorofothers,we arelookingatamirror.Accordingtothe“MirrorTheory”,whenweobservecharacterdefects(缺点)inotherpeople,wearereallyseeingtheundevelopedandunresolvedpartsofourpersonality.Withthisinmind,notonlydoIneedtoexaminehowIviewandtreatmyself,butalsootherpeople.Soeventually,myencounterwiththispractitionerwasforthebest.24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“berate”inParagraph1mean?A.ScoldB.ComfortC.QuestionD.Contact25.Whydidtheauthormisstheappointment?A.Shelackedcommunicationwiththepractitioner.B.Shespentmuchtimepreparingforthejourney.C.Shewasafraidtofacetherudepractitioner.D.Shewantedtofindabetterpractitioner.26.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’sencounterwiththepractitioner?A.Ithelpedherrealizeherownmistakes.B.Ithelpedherseeherowncriticinnervoice.C.Itgaveherachancetolistentoherownheart.D.Itgaveherexperienceindealingwithroughpeople.27.Whathastheauthorlearntfromthe“MirrorTheory”?A.Treatherselfbetterinthefuture.B.Treatotherpeoplewithmoretolerance.C.Overlookthecharacterdefectsinotherpeople.D.Seehercharacterdefectswhileobservingothers.【答案】24.A25.C26.B27.D【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己与一位行医者见面发生的不愉快的事情，之后开始反思，最后悟出一个道理：当我们觉得别人有缺点的时候也应该反思自己身上是否有缺点。【24题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句的上文“ForthefirsttimethatIcouldremember,Ihadmissedanappointment（在我记忆中，我第一次错过了一个约会)”结合下文“Yes,itwasmyfault,butIthinkIsubconsciouslyavoidedtheappointmentduetotheaggressivecommunicationwehadhad thusfar.(是的，这是我的错，但我想我下意识地避免了约会，因为我们到目前为止进行了激烈的沟通。)”可知因为作者的错而错过了与这位行医者的约会，所以她应该是打电话“责备”作者，由此可知berate意为“责备”，故选A项。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Yes,itwasmyfault,butIthinkIsubconsciouslyavoidedtheappointmentduetotheaggressivecommunicationwehadhadthusfar.(是的，这是我的错，但我想我下意识地避免了约会，因为我们到目前为止进行了激烈的沟通。)”可知作者下意识地避免这次约会是因为之前与这位医生进行了激烈的争吵，由此可推知，作者错过这次约会是因为她害怕面对这位粗鲁的医生。故选C项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Thiswoman’sattackingvoicewasfamiliar,anditwaspersonifiedandstrengthenedbymyharsh(刺耳的),criticalinnervoice.Myfriendhelpedmeseewhatablessingthisencounterwas.IfIcouldseemyinnercriticasthiswomanwithherassociatedfoolishbehaviour,Iwouldnotallowmyselftobuyintoit.(这个女人攻击我的声音是我熟悉的，它被我内心刺耳的批评声音所化身和加强。我的朋友让我明白了这次邂逅是多么幸运。如果我能把我内心的批判看成是这个女人和她相关的愚蠢行为，我不会允许自己接受它。)”可推知作者与行医者的邂逅帮助她看到自己批判的内心声音。故选B项。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Accordingtothe“MirrorTheory”,whenweobservecharacterdefects(缺点)inotherpeople,wearereallyseeingtheundevelopedandunresolvedpartsofourpersonality.(根据“镜像理论”，当我们观察别人的性格缺陷时，我们实际上看到的是我们性格中尚未发展和尚未解决的部分。)”可知作者从“镜像理论”中学到的是从观察别人的过程中发现自己的性格缺点。故选D项。CUnhealthyhealthcarebills,longemergency-roomwaitsandinabilitytofindaprimarycare physicianjustscratchthesurfaceoftheproblemsthatpatientsfacedaily.Primarycareshouldbethebackboneofanyhealthcaresystem.Countrieswithappropriateprimarycareresourcesscorehighlywhenitcomestohealthoutcomesandcosts.TheU.S.takestheoppositeapproachbyemphasizingthespecialistsratherthantheprimarycarephysician.ArecentstudyanalyzedtheproviderswhotreatMedicareBeneficiaries(老年医保受惠人）.ThestartlingfindingwasthattheaverageMedicarepatientsawatotalofsevendoctors---twoprimarycarephysiciansandfivespecialists---inagivenyear.Contrarytopopularbelief,themorephysicianstakingcareofyoudon'tguaranteebettercare.Actuallyincreasingbreakupofcareresultsinacorrespondingriseincostsandmedicalerrors.Howdidweletprimarycareslipsofar?Thekeyishowdoctorsarepaid.Mostphysiciansarepaidwhenevertheyperformamedicalservice.Themoreaphysiciandoes,regardlessofqualityoroutcome,thebetterhe'sreimbursed（返还费用）.Moreover,theamountofaphysicianreceivesleansheavilytowardmedicalorsurgicalprocedures.Aspecialistwhoperformsaprocedureina30-minutevisitcanbepaidthreetimesmorethanaprimarycarephysicianusingthatsame30minutestodiscussapatient'sdisease.Combinethisfactwithannualgovernmentthreatstoindiscriminatelycutreimbursements,physiciansarefacedwithnochoicebuttoincreasequantitytoboostincome.Primarycarephysicianswhorefusetocompromisequalityareeitherdrivenoutofbusinessortocash-onlypractices,furthercontributingtothedeclineofprimarycare.Medicalstudentsarenotblindtothisscenario.Theyseehowheavilythereimbursementdeckisstackedagainstprimarycare.Therecentnumbersshowthatsince1997,newlygraduatedU.S.medicalstudentswhochooseprimarycareasacareerhavedeclinedby50%.Thistrendresultsinemergencyroomsbeingoverwhelmedwithpatientswithoutregulardoctors.Howdowefixthisproblem?Itstartswithreformingthephysicianreimbursementsystem.Removethepressureforprimarycarephysicianstosqueezeinmorepatientsperhour,andrewardthemforoptimallymanagingtheirdiseasesandpracticingevidence-basedmedicine.Makeprimarycaremoreattractivefoodtomedicalstudentsbyforgivingstudentsloansforthosewhochooseprimarycareasacareerandharmonizingthemarkeddifferencebetweenspecialistandprimarycarephysiciansalaries.We’reatthepointwhereprimarycareisneededmorethanever.Withinafewyears,thefirst waveof76millionBabyBoomerswillbecomequalifiedforMedicare.Patientsolderthan85,whoneedchroniccaremost,willriseby50%thisdecade.Whowillbetheretotreatthem？28.Theauthor’schiefconcernaboutthecurrentU.S.healthcaresystemis_____.A.theinadequatetrainingofphysiciansB.thedecliningnumberofdoctorsC.theever-risinghealthcarecostsD.theshrinkingprimarycareresources29.Welearnfromthepassagethatpeopletendtobelievethat.A.themorecostlythemedicine,themoreeffectivethecureB.seeingmoredoctorsmayresultinmorediagnosticerrorsC.visitingdoctorsonaregularbasisensuresgoodhealthD.themoredoctorstakingcareofapatient,thebetter30.Whydomanynewmedicalgraduatesrefusetochooseprimarycareastheircareer?A.Theyfindtheneedforprimarycaredeclining.B.Thecurrentsystemworksagainstprimarycare.C.Primarycarephysicianscommandlessrespect.D.Theythinkworkinginanemergencyroomtedious.31.Whatsuggestionsdoestheauthorgiveinordertoprovidebetterhealthcare?A.Bridgethesalarygapbetweenspecialistsandprimarycarephysicians.B.Extendprimarycaretopatientswithchronicdiseases.C.Recruitmoremedicalstudentsbyofferingthemloans.D.Reducethetuitionofstudentswhochooseprimarycareastheirmajor.【答案】28.D29.D30.B31.A【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章作者论述了美国医保制度重视专科而忽视初级医疗保健的弊端，并提出了改革的建议。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Unhealthyhealthcarebills,longemergency-roomwaitsandinabilitytofindaprimarycarephysicianjustscratchthesurfaceoftheproblemsthatpatientsfacedaily.(不健康的医疗费用，长时间的急诊室等待，找不到初级保健医生，这些都只是患者日常面临的问题的表面)”以及第二段“Primarycareshouldbethebackboneofanyhealthcaresystem.( 初级保健应是保健系统的支柱)”以及第三段“Howdidweletprimarycareslipsofar?(到目前为止，我们是如何让初级保健滑坡的？)”可知，作者认为，初级医保应是保健系统的支柱，然而，美国由于初级保健的日益衰落滑坡，导致患者要负担更多的医疗费用、急诊室长久的等待、找不到初级保健的医生等等问题。因此，作者对当前美国医疗体系的主要担忧是：D项“theshrinkingprimarycareresources(日益萎缩的初级保健资源)”符合题意。故选D项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据本文第三段段“Contrarytopopularbelief,themorephysicianstakingcareofyoudon'tguaranteebettercare.Actuallyincreasingbreakupofcareresultsinacorrespondingriseincostsandmedicalerrors.(与普遍的看法相反，医生照顾你越多，并不能保证更好的治疗。事实上，越来越多的医疗分拆导致了相应的费用和医疗差错的增加。)”可知，人们普遍认为，照顾同一位患者的医生越多，就意味着患者能得到更好的治疗。因此，我们从这篇文章中了解到人们倾向于相信：D项“themoredoctorstakingcareofapatient,thebetter(照顾一位病人的医生越多越好)”符合题意。故选D项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Medicalstudentsarenotblindtothisscenario.Theyseehowheavilythereimbursementdeckisstackedagainstprimarycare.Therecentnumbersshowthatsince1997,newlygraduatedU.S.medicalstudentswhochooseprimarycareasacareerhavedeclinedby50%.(医科专业的学生并非没有意识到这一情况，他们认识到费用返还制度对初级医保极其不利。最近的数据显示，自1997年以来，美国医科毕业生选择初级保健作为职业的人数已下降50%)”可知，由于现有医疗体系使医学生们认识到费用返还制度对初级医保极其不利，人们认为初级保健职业没有工作前景，所以选择初级保健作为职业的人数越来越少。因此，许多医学毕业生拒绝选择初级保健作为他们的职业的原因是：B项“Thecurrentsystemworksagainstprimarycare.(目前的制度与初级医保背道而驰)”符合题意。故选B项。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Makeprimarycaremoreattractivefoodtomedicalstudentsbyforgivingstudentsloansforthosewhochooseprimarycareasacareerandharmonizingthemarkeddifferencebetweenspecialistandprimarycarephysiciansalaries.(通过免除选择初级保健作为职业的学生的贷款，并协调专科医生和初级保健医生之间的工资显著差异，使初级保健对医学生更有吸引力) ”可知，作者建议，要吸引更多的人选择初级保健医生职业，就要免除选择初级保健作为职业的学生的贷款、消除专科医生和初级保健医生之间的工资显著差异。因此，为了提供更好的医疗保健，作者提出建议有：A项“Bridgethesalarygapbetweenspecialistsandprimarycarephysicians(缩小专科医生和初级保健医生之间的工资差距)”符合题意，故选A项。DPeoplehavedreamtofflyingsincewrittenhistorybegan.Inthe1400s,LeonardodaVincidrewdetailedplansforhummanflyingmachines.Youmighthavethoughttheinventionofmechanisedflightwouldhaveputanendtosuchideas.Farfromit.Formanyenthusiasts,theultimateflightfantasyisthejetpack,asmallpieceofequipmentonyourbackwhichenablesyoutoclimbintotheairandflyforwards,backwardsandturn.EricScottwasastuntmaninHollywoodforaboutadecadeandhasusedjetpackstoflyintotheairmorethan600times.Nowheworksforanenergydrinkcompanythatpayshimtotravelaroundtheworldwithhisjetpack.AsScottsays,“IgettodowhatIloveandwhereverIgoIadvertiseGoFastdrinks.Existingpacksworkforlittlemorethan30seconds,butpeopleareworkingondesignswhichcouldletyouflyaroundfor20minutes.Thatwouldbeamazing.”Paramotoringisanotherwayofgettingintotheair.Aparamotorcombinestheparagliderwithamotorwhichprovidesenoughforceandisnowbecomingpopular.ChrisClarkehasbeenflyingaparamotorforfiveyears.“Gettingaboutisroughlycomparablewithdrivingapetrol-poweredcarintermsofexpense.Thetroubleisthatparamotoringisill-suitedtocommutingbecauseoftheimpossibilityoftakingoffinstrongwinds,”saysClarke.Anotherkeenparamotoristrecentlyexperiencedaclosecallwhenintheair.“Istartedtogetawarmfeelinginmyback,”saysPatrickVandenbulcke.“IthoughtIwasjustsweating.ButthenIstartedtofeelburningandIrealisedIhadtogettothegroundfast.Afteraninspectionoftheenginelater,Inoticedthattheexhaustpipehadmovedduringtheflightandtheequipmenthadstartedmelting.”Thishasn’tputVandenbulckeoff,however,andheisenthusiasticaboutpersuadingotherstotakeupparamotoring.Funthoughitis,thesportfailstosatisfymanyfliersbecausetheycannotsoarasswiftlyasbirds.Thenemergedjet-poweredflying,anewtechnologyequippedwithjetturbinesandspecialwings,justlikethoseofabird.YvesRossy,whohasbeenlabelled“theBirdman”,iswidelyrecognisedasthefirstjet-poweredflyingman.InMay2008,hesteppedoutofanaircraftatabout3000metres.Withinsecondshewassoaring anddivingatover290kph,atonepointreaching300kph,about104kphfasterthanthetypicalfallingskydiver.Hisspeedwasmonitoredbyaplaneflyingalongside.Rossystartedhisflightwithafreefall,andthenhepoweredfourjetturbinestokeephimintheairbeforereleasingaparachutewhichenabledhimtofloattotheground.Thejetturbineswereattachedtospecialwingswhichhecouldunfold.ThewingsweremadebyaGermanfirmcalledJCTComposites.InitiallyhehadconsultedwithacompanycalledJet-Kitwhichspecialisedinsmallplanes,butthewingstheymadeforhimweren’tstrongenoughtosupporttheweightoftheengines.Rossysayshehasbecomethefirstpersontokeepastablehorizontalflight,thankstocarbonfoldablewings.Withoutthesespecialwings,itisdoubtfulhewouldhavemanagedtodothis.Rossy’sambitionsincludeflyingdowntheGrandCanyon,andtodothis,hewillhavetofithiswingswithbiggerjets.Theengineshecurrentlyusesalreadyprovideenoughthrusttoallowhimtoclimbthroughtheair,butthenheneedsmorepowertostaythere.Intermsofthephysicalstrengthinvolved,Rossyinsistsit’snomoredifficultthanridingamotorbike.Ifhemakesit,otherflierswillwanttoknowwhethertheytoowillsomedaybeabletosoar.Theanswerisyes,possibly,butitisunlikelytobemorethananexpensivehobby.32.WhatdoesEricScottexpectofthejetpack?A.Itcanbeusedinadvertising.B.Itcanallowflierstoflylonger.C.Itcanreplacemechanisedflight.D.ItcanbeacceptedbyHollywood.33.WhichofthefollwingwasimportantforRossy’ssuccessfulflightinMay2008?A.ThewingsproducedbyJCTComposites.B.Theassistancefromaplaneflyingalongside.C.ThespecialjetturbinesprovidedbyJet-Kit.D.Theguidanceofferedbyafallingskydiver.34.WhattechnicalproblemisRossytryingtosolve?A.Howtolandhisaircraftsafely.B.Howtoimprovehismotorbike.C.Howtomakethejetsmorepowerful.D.Howtousehiswingstoclimbintheair.35.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.CanYvesRossysucceedagain?B.Isjet-poweredflyingsafeenough?C.Isflyingwithjetturbinesanexpensivehobby?D.Canhumansflylongdistances withoutaplane?【答案】32.B33.A34.C35.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种喷气背包，一种名为空降飞机的飞行设备，以及喷气式飞机这些设备，它们都是可以让人们在空中飞行的装置，文章介绍了使用过这些设备的人对其的看法和使用经历。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Existingpacksworkforlittlemorethan30seconds,butpeopleareworkingondesignswhichcouldletyouflyaroundfor20minutes.Thatwouldbeamazing.(现有的背包只能工作30秒多一点，但人们正在设计一种可以让你飞行20分钟的背包。那就太棒了)”可知，EricScott期待喷气背包可以让飞行员飞得更久。故选B。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Thejetturbineswereattachedtospecialwingswhichhecouldunfold.ThewingsweremadebyaGermanfirmcalledJCTComposites.InitiallyhehadconsultedwithacompanycalledJet-Kitwhichspecialisedinsmallplanes,butthewingstheymadeforhimweren’tstrongenoughtosupporttheweightoftheengines.Rossysayshehasbecomethefirstpersontokeepastablehorizontalflight,thankstocarbonfoldablewings.Withoutthesespecialwings,itisdoubtfulhewouldhavemanagedtodothis.(喷气涡轮机安装在他可以展开的特殊机翼上。机翼由一家名为JCT复合材料的德国公司制造。最初，他咨询了一家名为Jet-Kit的专门制造小型飞机的公司，但他们为他制造的机翼不够结实，无法支撑引擎的重量。罗西说，他已经成为第一个保持稳定水平飞行的人，这要归功于碳可折叠机翼。如果没有这些特殊的翅膀，很难说他能做到这一点)”可知，JCT复合材料制造的机翼对2008年5月罗西的成功飞行至关重要。故选A。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Rossy’sambitionsincludeflyingdowntheGrandCanyon,andtodothis,hewillhavetofithiswingswithbiggerjets.Theengineshecurrentlyusesalreadyprovideenoughthrusttoallowhimtoclimbthroughtheair,butthenheneedsmorepowertostaythere.(罗西的雄心壮志包括飞下大峡谷，为了实现这一目标，他必须在自己的机翼上安装更大的飞机。他目前使用的引擎已经提供了足够的推力，使他能够在空中爬升，但要在空中停留他还需要更多的动力)”可知，罗西想要解决如何使喷气式飞机更强大的技术问题。故选C。 【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Peoplehavedreamtofflyingsincewrittenhistorybegan.Inthe1400s,LeonardodaVincidrewdetailedplansforhummanflyingmachines.Youmighthavethoughttheinventionofmechanisedflightwouldhaveputanendtosuchideas.Farfromit.Formanyenthusiasts,theultimateflightfantasyisthejetpack,asmallpieceofequipmentonyourbackwhichenablesyoutoclimbintotheairandflyforwards,backwardsandturn.(自从有文字记载的历史开始，人们就一直梦想着飞行。在15世纪，列奥纳多·达·芬奇绘制了人类飞行器的详细计划。你可能会认为，机械飞行的发明将会终结这种想法。远非如此。对于许多飞行爱好者来说，终极飞行幻想是喷气背包，这是你背上的一个小装备，它能让你爬升到空中，向前、向后和转弯飞行)”结合文章介绍了一种喷气背包，一种名为空降飞机的飞行设备，以及喷气式飞机这些设备，它们都是可以让人们在空中飞行的装置，文章介绍了使用过这些设备的人对其的看法和使用经历。可知，D选项“没有飞机，人类能远距离飞行吗？”最符合文章标题。故选D。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Guiltisoneofthemostpainfulemotionsthathumansexperiencebutalsooneofthemostcommon.Nobodyenjoysfeelingguilty,butthisemotionservesanimportantpurpose:italertsapersonwhenheorshehasdonesomethingwrong.Thisenablesthepersontomakeamendsandworktohealrelationshipsthatweredamagedbytheiractions.____36____Nevertheless,guiltcanbedestructiveifitisnotdealtwithintherightway.Itcancausepeopletoavoidothersbecausetheyaretooembarrassedtoapologizefortheiractionsorinaction.Sometrytoavoidthepainofguiltbyturningtootherworsehabits._______37_______Theproperresponsetoguiltdependsonwhatkindofguiltyou'redealingwith.Forfalseguilt,it’simportanttorecognizethattheguiltdoesnotreflectanactualethicalfailure.Forexample,somefalseguiltfocusesonfailingtomeetexpectationsyouhadforyourself.____38____Nooneisperfect,andnoonecandoeverything,soadmittingyourlimitsisactuallyasignofhumility._____39_____Evenwhenyoudon’tneedtofeelguilty,thesefeelingsarerealandnormal.Trytobalancethemwithpositivethoughts,butrealizethatitoftentakestimeforfeelingstochange. _____40_____Ifso,don’ttrytoconcealit.Apologizeandaskforforgiveness.Learnfromyourmistakes,andtrytoavoidcommittingthesameactsagain.Gettingonwellwiththepersonyouhurtshouldmakeyourguiltyfeelingsfade.Guiltispainful,butitcanserveagoodpurposeifyouuseitwell.A.Otherpeopleexperiencefalseguiltbecauseofhighexpectationsforthemselves.B.It’spossiblethatyoufeelguiltybecauseyouactuallydidsomethingwrong.C.Otherstrytocoveruptheirguiltbyblamingothersorbecomingangry.D.Itcanalsomotivatepeopletoavoidmakingsimilarmistakeslater.E.Inthiscase,it’simportanttoremindyourselfthatyouhavelimits.F.Moreover,guiltcanresultinphysicalandmentaldiscomfortsmeanwhile.G.It’salsoimportanttoacknowledgewhatyouarefeeling.【答案】36.D37.C38.E39.G40.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。内疚是人类经历的最痛苦的情绪之一，也是最常见的情绪之一。但如果你好好利用它，它是有好处的。文章列举了内疚感可以带来的好处以及如何处理内疚感。【36题详解】根据上文“Guiltisoneofthemostpainfulemotionsthathumansexperiencebutalsooneofthemostcommon.Nobodyenjoysfeelingguilty,butthisemotionservesanimportantpurpose:italertsapersonwhenheorshehasdonesomethingwrong.Thisenablesthepersontomakeamendsandworktohealrelationshipsthatweredamagedbytheiractions.(内疚是人类经历的最痛苦的情感之一，也是最常见的一种。没有人喜欢内疚，但这种情绪有一个重要的目的：当一个人做错了什么事时，它会提醒他。这能使人做出补偿，努力修复因他们的行为而受损的关系)”可知，本句为叙述内疚带来的优点，D选项中it指代上文中thisemotion。故D选项“它也可以激励人们避免以后犯类似的错误”符合语境，故选D。【37题详解】根据上文“Nevertheless,guiltcanbedestructiveifitisnotdealtwithintherightway.Itcancausepeopletoavoidothersbecausetheyaretooembarrassedtoapologizefortheiractionsorinaction.Sometrytoavoidthepainofguiltbyturningtootherworsehabits.(然而，如果处理不当，内疚是毁灭性的。它会导致人们回避他人，因为他们过于不好意思为自己的行为或不作为道歉。一些人试图通过养成其他更坏的习惯来避免内疚的痛苦) ”可知，上文提到了人们对内疚的反应，且上文中some与C选项中others构成some…others…结构，表示“一些人……其他人……”。故C选项“其他人则试图通过责备别人或生气来掩盖他们的内疚”符合语境，故选C。【38题详解】根据上文“Forexample,somefalseguiltfocusesonfailingtomeetexpectationsyouhadforyourself.(例如，一些错误的内疚感在于没有达到你对自己的期望上)”以及后文“Nooneisperfect,andnoonecandoeverything,soadmittingyourlimitsisactuallyasignofhumility.(没有人是完美的，也没有人可以做所有的事，所以承认自己的局限性实际上是一种谦卑的表现)”可知，本段主要说明了错误负罪感产生的原因是认为没有达到对自己的期望，后文则提到了人无完人，可知对这种情况的解决办法是：提醒自己有局限性。后文中admittingyourlimits对应到E选项中youhavelimits。故E选项“在这种情况下，提醒自己有局限性是很重要的”符合语境，故选E。【39题详解】根据后文“Evenwhenyoudon’tneedtofeelguilty,thesefeelingsarerealandnormal.Trytobalancethemwithpositivethoughts,butrealizethatitoftentakestimeforfeelingstochange.(即使你不需要感到内疚，这些感觉是真实和正常的。试着用积极的想法来平衡它们，但要意识到情绪的改变往往需要时间)”可知，本段主要强调了如何处理自己的感受，后文中thesefeelings对应到G选项中whatyouarefeeling。故G选项“承认你的感受也很重要”符合语境，故选G。【40题详解】根据后文“Ifso,don’ttrytoconcealit.Apologizeandaskforforgiveness.Learnfromyourmistakes,andtrytoavoidcommittingthesameactsagain.Gettingonwellwiththepersonyouhurtshouldmakeyourguiltyfeelingsfade.(如果是这样，不要试图隐瞒。道歉并请求原谅。从错误中学习，尽量避免再犯同样的错误。与被你伤害的人相处融洽，你的愧疚感就会消退)”可知，后文提到了不要试图隐瞒和道歉请求原谅，可推知本句是在说明确实做错了事情而感到内疚的情况。B选项中didsomethingwrong与后文中yourmistakes相对应。故B选项“你有可能因为你确实做错了什么事而感到内疚”符合语境，故选B。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Onespring,twofriendsandIsoughtpermissiontoplantagarden.Ourschoolwaslocatedinthedowntownareaofalargecity.Therewasn’t___41___ofabackyard.Actually,itwasastone-covereddirtparkinglotwithnoextraspace.However,wecarefully___42___,takingintoaccounttheareathatreceivedthebestsunshine.Thethreeofus___43___theheadmasterwithourplanforasmallareatoplantsomesquash,tomatoesandcucumbers.Theonlyreal___44___involvedwastorentarake(耙),apickax(丁字镐),andahoe(锄头).However,gettingtheheadmaster’spermissionwouldstillbedifficult.Wewillneverforgethis___45___toourrequest.Withaslightlyboredtilting(偏斜)ofhishead,he___46___replied,“Youarewastingyourtime.Nothingwillevergrowthere!Butgoaheadifyoustillwantto.”Wehadreceivedpermission___47___!Sowhatifitwasn’tenthusiastic?Werentedtools,rakedfourinchesofstonesintoneatwalls___48___thegarden,raisedthepickaxand___49___whatmusthavebeenaformerwastearea.Agardenerdream—dark,richsoiljustsittingtherewaitingtobediscovered.Welookedateachother,repeatingtogether:“Ah,nothingwillgrowthere.”Asyoumighthaveguessedbynow,thingsdidgrowthereinourgarden.Haveyouever___50___thatwayaboutyourlife—Nothingwillgrowthere…Haveyoufelt___51___aboutyourlife’sprogress?Worriedaboutcropfailure?Disappointedthatnothinggoodeverseemsto___52___?Don’tbelievethat“Nothingwillgrowthere”.Itisnevertoo___53___tobewhoyoumighthavebeen.Youmaynotalwaysseethe___54___forgrowth,butitisthere.Alltherichsoilyouneedmaybeleftjust___55___thesurface,butcanonlybediscoveredafteryoubegindigging.41.A.moreB.littleC.muchD.less42.A.carriedoutB.laidoutC.gaveoutD.madeout43.A.greetedB.ignoredC.approachedD.lectured44.A.costB.rewardC.bargainD.bonus45.A.promiseB.teaseC.responseD.result46.A.warmlyB.coldlyC.readilyD. hesitantly47.A.atmostB.atleastC.atfirstD.atlast48.A.separatingB.settingC.establishingD.outlining49.A.carvedB.landedC.struckD.smoothed50.A.lostB.madeC.followedD.felt51.A.discouragedB.excitedC.puzzledD.awkward52.A.goupB.bringupC.comeupD.pileup53.A.hardB.easyC.earlyD.late54.A.potentialB.foundationC.visionD.strategy55.A.beyondB.beneathC.aboveD.off【答案】41.C42.B43.C44.A45.C46.B47.D48.D49.C50.D51.A52.C53.D54.A55.B【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章讲述了作者在花园里种菜的故事，论述了做回自己永远都不晚的观点。【41题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：那里算不上有后院。A.more更多的；B.little小的；C.much大量的；D.less次要的。根据后文“Actually,itwasastone-covereddirtparkinglotwithnoextraspace.”可知，这里算不上有什么后院。notmuchof“算不上，称不上”。故选C。【42题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，我们仔细规划了能接收到最好的阳光的地区。A.carriedout实施；B.laidout规划；设计；C.gaveout放弃；D.madeout辨认出。根据后文“takingintoaccounttheareathatreceivedthebestsunshine”以及文章内容可知作者想要种菜，所以仔细规划能接收到最好阳光的地区。故选B。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们三个人带着我们计划去找校长，打算在一小块地方种些南瓜、西红柿和黄瓜。A.greeted问候；B.ignored忽视；C.approached接近；D.lectured 授课。根据后文“theheadmasterwithourplan”可知此处是为了种菜去询问校长，approachsb.withsth.表示“为某事同某人打交道”。故选C。【44题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：唯一真正的成本是租一个耙，一把丁字镐，和一个锄头。A.cost成本，花费；B.reward奖励；C.bargain讨价还价；D.bonus奖金。根据后文“rentarake,apickax,andahoe”可知要租用各种农具是他们唯一真正的成本。故选A。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们永远不会忘记他对我们请求的答复。A.promise许诺；B.tease戏弄；C.response答复，回答；D.result结果。根据后文permission许可，以及后面的replied，可以推测，这里是指校长对他们请求的答复。故选C。【46题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他微微倾斜他的头，冷冷地回答道：“你们这是在浪费你们的时间。”A.warmly温暖地；B.coldly冷漠地；C.readily准备好地；D.hesitantly怀疑地。根据后文“Youarewastingyourtime.”可知校长歪着头说这只是浪费时间，可以推断，校长并不看好他们，故是冷漠地说。故选B。【47题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：我们终于得到了许可！A.atmost至多；B.atleast至少；C.atfirst最初；D.atlast最后。根据上文“However,gettingtheheadmaster’spermissionwouldstillbedifficult.”提到要得到校长的允许并不是简单的事，结合校长不认可的态度，可知，这里是“最终我们得到了允许”。故选D。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们租了一些工具，把四英寸长的石头耙成整齐的围墙，勾勒出花园的轮廓，举起镐，敲击着这块从前可能是荒地的地方。A.separating分离；B.setting放置；C.establishing建立；D.outlining画……的轮廓。所填空的逻辑主语是四英寸的石头做成的墙，以及宾语是thegarden可知，这里是用墙显现出花园的轮廓，应用outlining。故选D。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们租了一些工具，把四英寸长的石头耙成整齐的围墙，勾勒出花园的轮廓，举起镐，敲击着这块从前可能是荒地的地方。A.carved雕刻；B.landed降落；C.struck撞击；D.smoothed缓和。结合后文“whatmusthavebeenaformerwastearea ”可知，作者他们举起了锄头，把锄头重重地锤在了原来是空地或者废地的地方。故选C。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你是否曾有过这样的感觉——在那里什么也长不出来……A.lost遗失；B.made制造；C.followed跟随；D.felt感到。根据后文“Haveyoufelt”可知此处表示“你是否曾有过这样的感觉”。故选D。【51题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你是否对生活的进步感到沮丧?A.discouraged灰心的；B.excited激动的；C.puzzled困惑的；D.awkward尴尬的。根据上文“nothingwillgrowthere”以及后文“Worriedaboutcropfailure?Disappointed”可知此处是在说明担心受挫，可知是对生活的进步感到沮丧。故选A。【52题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：因为似乎从来没有好的事情出现而感到失望吗？A.goup增长；B.bringup提出；C.comeup出现；D.pileup堆放起来。根据根据上文“Disappointedthatnothinggoodeverseemsto”可知这里是没什么好事发生。comeup可以表示“发生、出现”。故选C。【53题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：做回自己，永远都不晚。A.hard努力的；B.easy容易的；C.early早的；D.late晚的。根据“Youmaynotalwaysseethe　　14　　forgrowth,butitisthere.Alltherichsoilyouneedmaybeleftjust　　15　　thesurface,butcanonlybediscoveredafteryoubegindigging.”可知，这里是告诉大家做自己永远都不晚。故选D。【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可能不会总是看到生长的可能，但它是存在的。A.potential潜能；B.foundation基础；C.vision视力；D.strategy策略。结合后文“forgrowth”可知短语seethepotentialfor…“看到……的可能”。故选A。【55题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：你所需要的肥沃土壤可能就在地表之下，但只有在你开始挖掘之后才能发现。A.beyond超过；B.beneath在……之下；C.above在……之上；D.off偏离。根据后文“butcanonlybediscoveredafteryoubegindigging.”可知挖了之后才会出现，所以这里是指埋在地下，因此是beneath。故选B。 第二节短文语法填空(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。ThereisacommonexpressionintheEnglishlanguage___56___(refer)toabluemoon.Whenpeoplesaysomethinghappens“onlyonceinabluemoon”,theyactuallyintendtoindicatethe___57___(frequent)ofit.Thisexpressionhasbeenaroundforatleastacenturyandahalf;therearereferencestothisexpressionthat___58___(date)fromthesecondhalfofthenineteenthcentury.Theexpression“abluemoon”hascometoreferto___59___secondfullmoonoccurringinanygivencalendarmonth.Asecondfullmooniscalledabluemoonnotbecauseitis___60___(particular)blueorisanydifferentinhue(色彩)___61___thefirstfullmoonofthemonth.Instead,itiscalledabluemoonbecauseitissorare.Themoonneedsalittlemorethan29days___62___(complete)thecyclefromfullmoontofullmoon.BecauseeverymonthexceptFebruaryhasmorethan29days,everymonthhasatleastonefullmoon,exceptFebruary,whichhasafullmoon___63___thereisafullmoonattheendofJanuaryandanotherfullmoonattheendofMarch.Itisontheoccasion___64___agivencalendarmonthhasasecondfullmoonthatabluemoonoccurs.Ithappensonlythreeorfour____65____(time)inadecade.【答案】56.referring57.infrequency/infrequence58.date59.the60.particularly61.from62.tocomplete63.unless64.when65.times【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了人们经常用onceinabluemoon来表示“千载难逢”，说明了人们为什么用它来表示“千载难逢”的原因。【56题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：英语中有一个常用的表达方式来形容蓝月亮。分析句子结构可知，谓语为is，所以refer用作非谓语动词，refer与逻辑主语expression之间为主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式作后置定语，故填referring。 【57题详解】考查名词。句意：当人们说某件事“onceinabluemoon”(千载难逢)时，他们实际上是想表达这件事很少发生。由定冠词the和indicate可知空处应填入名词作宾语，提示词frequent的名词形式为“frequency/frequence(频率，频繁)，由句意可知应用反义词“infrequency/infrequence(罕见，很少发生)”，故填infrequency/infrequence。【58题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：这个表达已经存在了至少一个半世纪；有一些关于这个表达的引用可以追溯到19世纪下半叶。分析句子结构可知空处为从句谓语，主语that指代上文的references，故为复数，句意描述客观事实，谓语动词应用动词原形，故填date。【59题详解】考查冠词。句意：“蓝月亮”一词指的是在任何一个特定的日历月中发生的第二次满月。由句意及second可知此处表示“第二次”，序数词表示顺序时前面应用定冠词修饰，故填the。【60题详解】考查副词。句意：第二次满月被称为“蓝月亮”，并不是因为它特别蓝，或者与这个月的第一次满月有任何不同的色调。根据句意以及空后形容词blue可知，此处应用副词修饰形容词。故填particularly。【61题详解】考查介词。句意：第二次满月被称为“蓝月亮”，并不是因为它特别蓝，或者与这个月的第一次满月有任何不同的色调。根据句意以及isdifferent可知此处使用的是固定短语“bedifferentfrom”表示“与……不同”，故填from。【62题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：月亮从满月到满月的周期需要29天多一点。分析句子结构可知谓语为needs，所以complete应用作非谓语动词，结合宾语“alittlemorethan29days(29天多一点)”表示时间可知，此处为“needtimetodosth(需要时间做……)”，故填tocomplete。 【63题详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：因为除了二月，每个月都超过29天，所以每个月至少有一次满月，除了二月，除非在1月底有一次满月那么二月就会有一次满月，在3月底又有一次满月。分析句子结构结合句意可知空处引导一个条件状语从句，“一月底有一次满月”是“二月会有一次满月”的条件，所以应用unless(除非)引导该从句，故填unless。【64题详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：当一个日历月出现第二次满月时，就会出现蓝月。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，关系词代替先行词occasion在从句中充当时间状语，应用关系副词when。故填when。【65题详解】考查名词复数。句意：这种情况在十年内只会发生三四次。由句意可知，此处time作“次数”讲时为可数名词，结合数字“threeorfour”可知名词应用复数形式，故填times。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)66.假如你是李华，是某国际学校的学生会主席。你发现有些同学迫于同伴间的压力，在过生日时经常攀比谁买的生日礼物好。请你用英语写一封倡议信，发表在你校校园网上，呼吁同学们不要攀比。内容包括：1.互相攀比的危害；2.对生日礼物的建议；3.向同学们发出倡议。注意：1.词数80词左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dearstudents, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________TheStudents’Union【答案】Dearstudents,Thereisadisturbingtrendinourschoolthatsomestudentsareforcedtospendlotsofmoneybuyingexpensivebirthdaygiftsfortheirfriends.Thisresultsfrompeerpressure.Itisreallyawasteoftimeandmoneytocomparewhosegiftisthemostfashionableorexpensive.Infact,teenagershavemanyideasaboutcreativebutinexpensivebirthdaygifts.Forexample,wecantakeacyclingtrip,whichwillbeforsureagoodmemoryinourlife.Therefore,boysandgirls,pleasesaveyourmoneyanduseitproperlywhenyouaredecidingtobuyanexpensivegift.TheStudents’Union【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生一封倡议信，发表在你校校园网上，呼吁同学们不要攀比。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.互相攀比的危害；2.对生日礼物的建议；3.向同学们发出倡议。第二步:列提纲（重点词组）disturbing;spendlotsofmoneydoingsth.;peerpressure;awasteof;fashionable;takeacyclingtrip;memory;savemoney;properly;decideto第三步：连词成句1Thereisadisturbingtrendinourschoolthatsomestudentsareforcedtospendlotsofmoney buyingexpensivebirthdaygiftsfortheirfriends.2.Thisresultsfrompeerpressure.3.Itisreallyawasteoftimeandmoneytocomparewhosegiftisthemostfashionableorexpensive.4.Infact,teenagershavemanyideasaboutcreativebutinexpensivebirthdaygifts.5.Forexample,wecantakeacyclingtrip,whichwillbeforsureagoodmemoryinourlife.6.Therefore,boysandgirls,pleasesaveyourmoneyanduseitproperlywhenyouaredecidingtobuyanexpensivegift.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）表因果关系：Therefore连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】[高分句型1]Forexample,wecantakeacyclingtrip,whichwillbeforsureagoodmemoryinourlife.(运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]Therefore,boysandgirls,pleasesaveyourmoneyanduseitproperlywhenyouaredecidingtobuyanexpensivegift.(运用了when引导时间状语从句)第二节读后续写（满分25分）67.阅读下面短文，根据其内容和所给段落首句进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Igrewupinasmalltownwhereelementaryschoolwasaten-minutewalkfrommyhouseandinanage,notsolongago,whenwechildrencouldgohomeforlunchandfindourmotherswaiting.Atthetime,Ididn’tconsiderthistobesoimportant,althoughtodayitcertainlywouldbe.Actually,ourlunchtimetogetherinthepastyearshadhadagreatinfluenceonmylifebeforeIrealizedit.OurlunchtimewhenIwasinthethirdgradewillstaywithmealways.Ihadbeenpickedtobetheprincessintheschoolplay,andforweeksmymotherhadpainstakinglypractisedmylineswithme.ButnomatterhoweasilyIdeliveredthemathome,assoonasIsteppedonstage,everyworddisappearedfrommyhead.Finally,myteachertookmeaside.Sheexplainedpatientlythatsheneededanarratorandhadwrittenanarrator’sparttotheplay,andaskedmetoswitchroles.Herwords,kindlydelivered,stillhurtme,especiallywhenIsawmypartgotoanothergirl.Ididn’ttellmymotherwhathadhappenedwhenIwenthomeforlunchthatday.Butshesensedmyunease,andinsteadofsuggestingwepracticemylines,sheaskedifIwantedtowalkintheyard.Itwasalovelyspringdayandtherosevine(藤)wasturninggreen.Underthehugetrees, wecouldseeyellowdandelions(蒲公英)appearingunexpectedlythroughthegrassinbunches,asifapainterhadtouchedourlandscapewithsmallamountsofgold.Iwatchedmymothercasuallybenddownbyoneofthebushes.“IthinkI'mgoingtodigupalltheseweeds,”shesaid,pullingablossomupbyallitsroots.“Fromnowon,we’llhaverosesinthisgarden.”Iimmediatelyprotested,“ButIlikedandelions.Allflowersarebeautiful—evendandelions.”注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。Paragraph1:“Doyoumeanthateveryflowerhasitsownbeauty?”askedmymotherthoughtfully._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:“Butyouwillbeabeautifulnarrator,”Momsaid._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Paragraph1:“Doyoumeanthateveryflowerhasitsownbeauty?”askedmymotherthoughtfully.Inoddedwithouthesitation,asifasecondwastedcoulddeprivethedandelionsoftheirlife.“Thesametoyou,”sheadded,hervoicesoft.“Noteveryonecanbearose,anditisalsoanhonourtobeadandelion.”Knowingthatmymotherhadrealizedmypain,ItookoffthemaskthatIhadwornforthewholelunchtimeandpouredoutmyuneaseheartily.Shelistenedtomepatientlyandpattedmeonthebacktenderly.Suddenlyshestopped,asiftosaysomething.Paragraph2:“Butyouwillbeabeautifulnarrator”Momsaid.SheremindedmeofhowfluentlyIcoulddelivermypartathome.ItwasatthattimethatIunderstoodthatmaybeIwasmoresuitableforarolebackstagelikeanarrator.Fromthenon,Ipracticedmylinesheartandsoulwithmymotherat lunchtimeforweeks.Andtheperformanceapproachedultimately.Standingbackstage,nervousnesscamefloodinginme.Whatencouragedmetoovercomeitwastheinspirationfromthebeautifulyellowdandelions.Theperformancethatnightwaseventuallyabigsuccess.Hearingthethunderousapplause,Itookprideinmyroleandfirmlybelievedthatevenadandelionhaditsownbeauty.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者被选为学校话剧中的公主，但一上台，作者就忘词，老师就让作者做一名叙述者，回家后，作者妈妈看出作者的不安，妈妈提议把杂草挖掉，种蒲公英。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容““你是说每朵花都有它自己的美丽吗?”母亲若有所思地问。”可知，第一段可描写妈妈举蒲公英的例子来安慰作者，作者敞开心扉告诉妈妈学校里发生的事。②由第二段首句内容““但你会成为一名出色的叙述者，”妈妈说。”可知，第二段可描写经过妈妈的鼓励，作者受到了蒲公英也有自己的美这一事实的激发，成功地作为一位叙述者完成了幕后解说任务。2.续写线索：陪走路——帮助——感谢——陪回家——拒绝——感悟3.词汇激活行为类意识到：realize/recognize失去：deprive/lose鼓励：encourage/pullfor情绪类成功：abigsuccess/successful耐心：patiently/withpatience【点睛】[高分句型1]Knowingthatmymotherhadrealizedmypain,ItookoffthemaskthatIhadwornforthewholelunchtimeandpouredoutmyuneaseheartily.(运用了现在分词作状语和第二个that引导定语从句)[高分句型2]Whatencouragedmetoovercomeitwastheinspirationfromthebeautifulyellowdandelions.(运用了what引导主语从句)