2022版高考英语一轮基础达标选题Unit2Poems含解析新人教版选修6

Unit2Poems李仕才一、阅读理解。TheAmazonbasinregionishometoabout2.5millioninsectspecies，tensofthousandsofplants，andsome2，000birdsandmammals.Todate，atleast40，000plantspecies，3，000fish，1，294birds，427mammals，428amphibians，and378reptileshavebeenscientificallyclassifiedintheregion.OneinfiveofallthebirdsintheworldliveintheAmazonrainforest.Thewarmandwetforesthasbeeninexistenceforatleast55millionyears，andthrivedevenduringglacialperiods，allowingfortheevolutionofanunbelievablediversityofspecies.Radiocarbondating(放射性碳定年法)hasrevealedtreesof10centimeterindiametertobemorethan300yearsold，andsometreesover1，000yearsold，indicatingthatuntouchedforestscanexperienceunbelievablelongevity.ThefirsthumaninhabitantsarethoughttohavesettledintheAmazonregionabout11，200yearsago.Europeanexplorersarrivedinthe16thcentury，bringingdiseaseswhichtraveledfasterthantheexplorersthemselves，killingperhapsasmanyas90%oftheindigenousinhabitants(土著居民)．Bythelate17thcenturytheAmazonbasinwascontrolledbyPortugueseandSpanishexplorers.TheAmazonrainforestshasbeendescribedasthelungsofourplanetbecauseofitsimportantroleinrecyclingcarbondioxideintooxygen.Butduetodeforestation(滥伐森林)，rainforestsnowcoverlessthan5%oftheEarth’slandsurface，andexpertsbelievethatthisisabigcontributortoglobalclimatechange.Severedeforestationbeganinthe20thcentury，with587，000squarekilometerslostuptotheyear2000.Mostdeforestedlandisusedforgrasslandtoraisefarmanimalsandagriculture.Theadditionoftransportrouteshasledtoincreasedsettlementanddeforestation，andatthepresentrate，scientistsestimatethattheAmazonrainforestwillbereducedby40%intwodecades.【解题导语】　本文主要讲述了亚马逊热带雨林的历史、丰富的物种以及现在所面临的危险。1．WhyarethefiguresmentionedinParagraph1?A．Toprovetheforestuntouched.B．Toclassifyspeciesscientifically.C．Toshowthediversityofspecies.D．ToattractmoreattentiontotheAmazonregion.9\nC　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的内容并结合第二段第一句中的“allowingfortheevolutionofanunbelievablediversityofspecies”可推知，那些关于动植物种类的数字说明了亚马逊热带雨林的物种多样性，故选C。2．WhydidmostindigenousinhabitantsintheAmazonregiondie?A．Europeanexplorersbroughtdiseasesthere.B．Portugueseexplorerstreatedthembadly.C．Alotoftreeswerecutdownandburned.D．TheygotkilledbySpanishexplorers.A　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，可能多达90%的亚马逊土著居民因为欧洲探险者所带来的疾病而死亡，故选A。3．WhatcanbeinferredabouttheAmazonrainforest?A．Ithasthelargestnumberofspecies.B．Itcoversover5%ofSouthAmerica.C．Itisbecominglargerinarea.D．Itisbeingendangerednow.D　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“atthepresentrate...intwodecades”并结合最后一段的整体内容可推知，亚马逊热带雨林遭到破坏，而且未来20年可能会减少40%，故选D。4．Whatmaybeincludedinthefollowingparagraph?A．Examplesofdestroyingforests.B．Measurestoprotectrainforests.C．NewsettlementsintheAmazonregion.D．Waystostopglobalwarming.B　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的关键词“deforestation(滥伐森林)”可推知，亚马逊热带雨林砍伐严重，那么文章接下来自然就会论述这一问题的解决措施，故选B。二、单句语法填空1．Isthereanything________particularthatyouwanttotalkabout?答案：in　inparticular为固定的介词短语，作后置定语，修饰anything，意为“特别的”。2．Ifwe________(exchange)telephonenumberlastweek,Iwouldhavenotroublegettingintouchwithyounow.答案：hadexchanged　该句为错综时间虚拟条件句。由lastweek可知，从句表示与过去事实相反，故应填hadexchanged。3．Although________(tease)aboutfatness,shestillhasconfidenceinher9\nperformanceofdailylife.答案：teased　主语she与tease之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作状语。4．Thisisapoemthatperfectly________(convey)tothereaderswhatthepoetfeels.答案：conveys　由主句谓语动词is和从句中的feels可以判断用一般现在时。定语从句的先行词为apoem，为单数形式，故从句谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式conveys，该从句含有“conveysth.tosb.”的结构。5．Shealwaysexchangeswords________herneighbours.答案：with　exchange...with...“和……交换……”。6．Sincethenit________(transform)itselffromasmallfishingvillageintoamajorfinancialcentre.答案：hastransformed　由sincethen可知，句子应用现在完成时。7．Insomeplaceswomenareexpectedtoearnmoney________menworkathomeandraisetheirchildren.答案：while　while“而，然而”，可用于表示两种情况的对比。8．Withsomethingimportant________(talk)aboutwithyou,youmuststayhere.答案：totalk　该句为“with＋宾语＋todo”复合结构，todo表示将来的动作。9．Hejusttook________forgrantedthathewouldpasstheexam.答案：it　takeitforgrantedthat...为常用句式，意为“认为……是理所当然的”。10．Ithinkher________(translate)ofthearticleismuchbetter.答案：translation　由her可知，应填所给词的名词形式translation，意为“翻译；译文”。三、完形填空。ThoughDadlookedtiredandweak，hissmilewasassureasever.Itwasanother__1__ofpneumonia(肺炎)．MyhusbandandIstayedwithhimforthe__2__buthadtoreturntoourjobsbyMondaymorning.LocalrelativeswouldseethatDadwashomefromthehospital，andtheywouldvisithim__3__，preparehismealsandtakehimtohisdoctorappointments.ButI__4__tobeabletolethimknowthatwe__5__，too，evenwhenweweren'twithhim.ThenIrememberedafamily__6__Istartedwhenourchildrenweresmall.Whenleavingtheirgrandparents'homeafteravisit，eachchildwould__7__alovenoteinthehouseforthemto__8__afterweweregone.Theyhidnotessomewhere.Fordays9\nafterour__9__，theirgrandparentswould__10__astheydiscoveredtheseremindersofourlove.SoasI__11__Dad'srooms，Ibeganwritingnotes.Somewere__12__.“Dad，Iputthemilkinthefridgesoitwouldn't__13__.”Someexpressedmylove.“Dad，Ihopeyousleepwellinyournewbed.”Mostnoteswere__14__wherehewouldlivedforseveralweeksuntilheregained__15__，butonenoteIhidupstairsunderhispillow.“Dad，ifyouhavefoundthisnote，youmustbefeelingbetter.Weareso__16__！”WhileotherscaredforDad'sdaily__17__，we，ofcourse，wouldstayintouchbyphone.Butournoteswerea__18__reminderofourloveandconcernforhimduringthisrecoveryperiod.Justlikehismedicinesimprovedhimphysically，these“__19__vitamins”(维生素)wouldimprovehisspiritualhealth.Severalweekslater，Dadphonedandsaid，“I'lltellyouthatIjustfoundyour__20__undermyupstairspillow！”Ismiledatlast.1．A.experienceB．attackC．disasterD．pain2．A.weekdayB．nightC．weekendD．holiday3．A.regularlyB．rarelyC．suddenlyD．occasionally4．A.happenedB．dreamedC．agreedD．longed5．A.fearedB．caredC．calmedD．regretted6．A.hobbyB．gameC．traditionD．business7．A.hideB．writeC．copyD．leave8．A.recallB．rememberC．enjoyD．find9．A.exchangeB．departureC．arrivalD．escape10．A.weepB．sighC．smileD．scream9\n11．A.tidiedB．enteredC．designedD．equipped12．A.briefB．seriousC．sincereD．practical13．A.spillB．spoilC．boilD．freeze14．A.upstairsB．downstairsC．outsideD．indoors15．A.senseB．wealthC．strengthD．consciousness16．A.gladB．fortunateC．anxiousD．busy17．A.exercisesB．needsC．feelingsD．sufferings18．A.finalB．visualC．smoothD．concrete19．A.emotionalB．expensiveC．effectiveD．excellent20．A.giftB．loveC．noteD．letter【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。父亲得了肺炎后，作者夫妻俩由于工作日要工作，不能照顾父亲，心中感到非常难过。这时作者想起了家庭的传统，于是便带着孩子一起在父亲家里藏各种各样的表达爱的纸条，帮助父亲一起从疾病中康复过来。1．B　考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指父亲第二次肺炎发作。A项意为“经历”；B项意为“发作，侵袭”；C项意为“灾难”；D项意为“疼痛”。故选B项。2．C　考查名词辨析。根据空格后的“buthadtoreturntoourjobsbyMondaymorning”可知，此处指“我”和丈夫周末陪父亲。A项意为“工作日”；B项意为“晚上”；C项意为“周末”；D项意为“假期”。故选C项。3．A　考查副词辨析。根据空格后的“preparehismealsandtakehimtohisdoctorappointments”并结合四个选项可知，此处指亲戚们定期地去家里看望父亲，给他准备吃的，带他去看医生。A项意为“定期地，有规律地”；B项意为“很少”；C项意为“突然”；D项意为“偶尔”。故选A项。9\n4．D　考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指“我”渴望让父亲知道“我们”也关心他，甚至在“我们”不在他身边的时候。A项意为“发生”；B项意为“梦想”；C项意为“同意”；D项意为“渴望”。故选D项。5．B　考查动词辨析。上文提到亲戚们会定期去家里看望父亲，照顾他，此处承接上文，指“我”渴望让父亲知道“我们”也关心他。A项意为“害怕”；B项意为“关心，关怀”；C项意为“使镇静”；D项意为“后悔，遗憾”。故选B项。6．C　考查名词辨析。根据下文内容可知，此处指一个家庭的传统。A项意为“爱好”；B项意为“游戏”；C项意为“传统”；D项意为“生意”。故选C项。7．A　考查动词辨析。根据下文“Theyhidnotessomewhere.”可知，此处指每个孩子在屋子都会藏一张爱的纸条。A项意为“藏，隐蔽”；B项意为“写”；C项意为“复制，抄写”；D项意为“离开”。故选A项。8．D　考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“theirgrandparentswould________astheydiscoveredtheseremindersofourlove”可知，此处指当“我们”离开后，“我”的父母会找到这些爱的纸条。A项意为“回忆”；B项意为“记得”；C项意为“喜欢，享受”；D项意为“找到，发现”。故选D项。9．B　考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“afterweweregone”可知，此处指当我们离开后的几天里。A项意为“交换”；B项意为“离开”；C项意为“到达”；D项意为“逃跑”。故选B项。10．C　考查动词辨析。根据空格后的“astheydiscoveredtheseremindersofourlove”可知，此处指当他们找到这些爱的纸条后，会露出笑容。A项意为“哭泣”；B项意为“叹气”；C项意为“微笑”；D项意为“尖叫”。故选C项。11．A　考查动词辨析。根据语境并结合四个选项可知，“我”整理父亲的房间时，开始写纸条。A项意为“整理，使整洁”；B项意为“进入”；C项意为“设计”；D项意为“装备”。故选A项。12．D　考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“Dad,Iputthemilkinthefridgesoitwouldn't________.”可知，一些纸条的内容是实用的。A项意为“简洁的”；B项意为“严肃的，严重的”；C项意为“真诚的”；D项意为“实际的，真实的”。故选D项。13．B　考查动词辨析。根据常识和语境可知，此处指把牛奶放在冰箱里，这样它就不会变质了。A项意为“溢出，泼出”；B项意为“变质，变坏，腐败”；C项意为“烧开，煮沸”；D项意为“冷藏”。故选B项。14．B　考查副词辨析。根据下文中的“butonenoteIhidupstairsunderhispillow”可知，此处指“我”把大多数纸条放在了楼下。A项意为“楼上”；B项意为“在楼下”；C项意为“在外面”；D项意为“在室内”。故选B项。15．C　考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“Dad,ifyouhavefoundthisnote，youmustbefeelingbetter.”可知，父亲会在楼下待几周直到他体力恢复。A项意为“感觉”；B项意为“财富”；C项意为“体力，力气”；D项意为“知觉”。故选C项。9\n16．A　考查形容词辨析。根据上下文和常识可知，当得知父亲身体恢复健康后，“我们”都非常高兴。A项意为“高兴的”；B项意为“幸运的”；C项意为“焦急的”；D项意为“忙碌的”。故选A项。17．B　考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“we,ofcourse,wouldstayintouchbyphone”可知，其他人来照顾父亲的日常需要。A项意为“练习”；B项意为“需要”；C项意为“感觉”；D项意为“痛苦，苦难”。故选B项。18．D　考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“reminderofourloveandconcernforhimduringthisrecoveryperiod”可知，这些纸条是我们对父亲的爱的具体表达。A项意为“最终的”；B项意为“视觉的”；C项意为“光滑的”；D项意为“具体的，确实的”。故选D项。19．A　考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“wouldimprovehisspiritualhealth”可知，这些情感的维生素改善了父亲的精神状态。A项意为“情感的，情绪的”；B项意为“昂贵的”；C项意为“有效的”；D项意为“卓越的”。故选A项。20．C　考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“butonenoteIhidupstairsunderhispillow”可知，此处指父亲告诉“我”，他找到了“我”藏在楼上的纸条。A项意为“礼物”；B项意为“爱”；C项意为“便条，短笺”；D项意为“信”。故选C项。长难句分析：Whenleavingtheirgrandparents'homeafteravisit，eachchildwouldhidealovenoteinthehouseforthemtofindafterweweregone.(第二段第二句)分析：When引导时间状语从句，此处省略主语eachchild和be动词；after引导时间状语从句。译文：当每一个孩子拜访他们的祖父母之后要离开的时候，他们都会在房子里藏一张充满爱的纸条让祖父母在他们走后寻找。四、单句改错1．Theyranoutoffmoneyandhadtoabandontheproject.______________________________________________________答案：off→of　runoutof“用完……”，相当于useup。2．Foodsuppliesinthefloodstrickenareaarerunout.Wemustcutimmediatelybeforethere'snoneleft.______________________________________________________答案：run→running　当主语是物时，runout是不及物动词，表示“耗尽”，没有被动语态，应改为进行时，表示即将耗尽。3．Withmoreandmoretreescuttingdown,someanimalsarefacingthedangerofdyingout.______________________________________________________9\n答案：cutting→cut　cutdown和trees之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用过去分词作with复合结构中的宾语补足语。4．Thebabycan'tevensitupyet,letoutwalk!______________________________________________________答案：out→alone　letout通常意为“发出(大的声音)”；letalone常用在否定句中，意为“更不用说”，根据语境，应改out为alone。5．ItrytomakewhatIwanttosayeasyacceptedbychildren.______________________________________________________答案：easy→easily　修饰动词accept应用副词形式，故将easy改为easily。五、短文改错Notlongago，IwastouchedbythereplyfromTsinghuaUniversitytoWeiXiang，whicharousedaheatingdiscussion.AsWeiXianglosthisfatherinaveryearlyage，hewasbroughtupbyhermother.Despiteofseriousillness，heovercamealldifficultiesandwasadmittoTsinghuawithhighmarks.HewrotealettertoTsinghuatoapplyforaseparateroom，wherehismothercouldtakecareofhiminthenextfouryear.Inthereply，theschoolpromisetosatisfyallhisrequirementsandencouragedhimtohavestrongbeliefinlife.Itisnotonlytheinspiringstorybutalsothewarmthfromtheuniversitywhichattractsthepublic'sattention.FromWei'sstory，Ilearnedthathardworkwouldfinalpayoff.【答案】Notlongago，IwastouchedbythereplyfromTsinghuaUniversitytoWeiXiang，whicharousedadiscussion.AsWeiXianglosthisfatheraveryearlyage，hewasbroughtupbymother.Despiteseriousillness，heovercamealldifficultiesandwastoTsinghuawithhighmarks.HewrotealettertoTsinghuatoapplyforaseparateroom，wherehismothercouldtakecareofhiminthenextfour.Inthereply，theschooltosatisfyallhisrequirementsandencouragedhimtohavestrongbeliefinlife.Itisnotonlytheinspiringstorybutalsothewarmthfromtheuniversityattractsthepublic'sattention.FromWei'sstory，Ilearnedthathardworkwouldpayoff.9\n第一处：heating改为heated。考查形容词。那引起了一场激烈的讨论。故heated“激烈的”符合语境。第二处：in改为at。考查介词。ataveryearlyage“在很小的年纪”为固定搭配。第三处：her改为his。考查代词。根据上文可知WeiXiang是男性，故此处应用his。第四处：删除of。考查介词。尽管得了严重的疾病，despite“尽管”后跟宾语时不需带of。第五处：admit改为admitted。考查固定搭配。beadmittedto“被接收(入学)”为固定搭配。第六处：year改为years。考查名词复数。未来四年母亲能够在那儿照顾他，four后跟复数名词，故此处为years。第七处：promise改为promised。考查时态。本文叙述的是过去的事情，且全文使用的均为一般过去时，故此处用promised。第八处：have后加a。考查冠词。鼓励他对人生充满信心，haveastrongbeliefin...“坚信……；对……怀有坚定信念”。第九处：which改为that。考查特殊句型。正是他鼓舞人心的经历和来自清华大学的温暖吸引了公众的注意。本句为强调句型itbe＋被强调部分＋that/who...，故改为that。第十处：final改为finally。考查副词。此处表示“努力最终会得到回报”。修饰动词用副词，因此改为finally。9