2022版高考英语一轮基础达标选题Unit4Globalwarming含解析新人教版选修6

Globalwarming李仕才一、阅读理解。OneofthemaincreatorsoftheWorldWideWeb，SirTimBernersLeehaswarnedthatthefastgrowthoftheInternetisalsocreatingseriousproblems.HeespeciallywarnsoffalseinformationbeingeasilyspreadaroundtheInternet，“Agreatdangeristhatitbecomesaplacewhereuntruthsstarttospreadmorethantruths，oritbecomesaplacewhichbecomesincreasinglyunfairinsomeway.”Inparticular,hementionsthephenomenaofblogging.Bloggingenablesfriendsandcontactstoeasilyspreadinformation.However,hearguesthatpeoplemaytooeasilytrustinformationmentionedinablog.ThisinaccurateinformationcantheneasilybecomeanacceptedtruthontheInternet.HesuggeststhatthemostimportantdevelopmentoftheInternetwillbeincreatingwaysofallowingpeopletocheckthecorrectnessofinformationbyprovidingoriginalsources.SirTimadmitsthatthisisanimportantchallenge.It’sinterestingtonotethatWikipedia(维基百科)hashadtotakestepstopreventfalseinformationfrombeingaddedtothebiographiesoflivingpeople.It’seasyforanybodytoedittheopensource.However，somepeoplehavepointedoutthatithasbeenusedtospreadfalsematerials.Inseekingtoraisestandards，Wikipediahassoughttostopthefalsematerials.AtthesametimethereisagrowingviewthattheInternethashadagreateffectonthewaymillionsofpeoplework.ThelasttwoyearshaveseenabiggrowthintheuseoftheInternet.ThereappearsnoslowdowninthegrowthoftheInternetwithincreasingaccessinthedevelopingcountries.SirTimsaysanothermajorchallengewillbetoprovidefreeInternetforeverybody.SirTimhasrecentlylaunchedanewjointinitiative(倡议)betweentheUniversityofSouthamptonandtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologytocreatethefirstdegreeinWebscience.Thetwoschoolshopetoraisethestandardsofwebcontent.【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了互联网的快速发展所带来的一些问题。1．WhatistheespeciallyseriousproblemthatSirTimrefersto?A．ThegrowthoftheInternetistoofast.B．TheInternethasasideeffectonyoungchildren.C．TheInternetcompaniescompeteagainsteachotherinanunfairway.D．ThefalseinformationspreadsrapidlyontheInternet.8\nD　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的第一句可知，他认为虚假的信息在网络上流传是尤其严重的问题，故选D。2．Accordingtothelastparagraph，thepurposeofthejointinitiativeisto___________．A．providefreeInternetaccesstothepoorcountriesB．improvethereliabilityofonlinecontentC．createthefirstdegreeinscienceandtechnologyD．enlargetheuseoftheInternetB　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“theUniversityofSouthamptonandtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologytocreatethefirstdegreeinWebscience.Thetwoschoolshopetoraisethestandardsofwebcontent”可知，这个联合倡议的目的是提高网上内容的可信度，故选B。3．Wecaninferfromthetextthat___________．A．SirTimhasbuilttwoschoolsrecentlyB．theInternetisharmfultothepeople’shealthC．SirTimhopeseveryonecanusetheInternetforfreeD．theInternetdevelopsslowlyinthedevelopingcountriesC　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“SirTimsaysanothermajorchallengewillbetoprovidefreeInternetforeverybody.”可知，SirTim希望每一个人都能免费上网，故选C。二、单句语法填空1．Fatherisstronglyopposedto________(go)shoppingonSundaybecausethestreetsandsupermarketsarefullofpeople.答案：going　beopposedto...“反对……”，其中to为介词，其后应接名词、动名词作宾语。2．Thepricesofthiskindofwineranged________tenyuan________100yuanperbottle.答案：from;to　rangefrom...to...“在某范围内变化”。3．Thoughheislessthanoneyearold,heisstrongenoughtowalk________(steady)．答案：steadily　副词作状语，在句中修饰动词walk。4．Doyouknowhowtheaccidentcame________?答案：about　comeabout“发生”。5．WithSpringFestivalapproaching,pricesoffruitandvegetables________8\n(go)up.答案：havegone　goup“上升；增长；升起”。6．Quantitiesofmoney________(spend)inbringingupthechildrensincetheyweremarried.答案：havebeenspent　“aquantityof＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词与名词的数保持一致；而“quantitiesof＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。且由since可知应用现在完成时，再根据money与spend之间的被动关系，故填havebeenspent。7．Howmanytimesdoyoudineoutperweek________average?答案：on　onaverage“平均起来；平均来说”。句意：你平均每周在外用餐多少次？8．Underthese________(circumstance),whatmattersmostisnotonlyourpersistencebutalsoourattitude.答案：circumstances　underthesecircumstances“在这些情况下”。9．Thegapbetweentherichandthepoorhasa________(tend)tobecomewiderandwider.答案：tendency　由设空前的a可知，应填名词形式，tendency“趋势；倾向”。10．Theheavysnowcaneasilyresult________manyaccidentsinwinter.答案：in　resultin“导致”。三、完形填空。Itwas3am，acoldandwetnight，onAugust21,2022.IhadjustleftalocalclubtotraveltenkilometershomewhenIlost__1__ofmycaronGrandJunctionRoadinHopeValley.I__2__intoastillcarthatwas__3__infrontofahouse，andthenhitatree.Iwasbadlyinjured！__4__still，Ihadnoideathatafirehadstarted__5__thebonnet(引擎盖)ofmycar.__6__inthecarbehindmewasayoungman，whoIlaterfoundoutwascalledJared.Hesawtheaccidentoccurand__7__tohelpmeoutofthecar.Heputhisownlifein__8__whenhegotintothebackseattryingtoundomyseatbelt.Withmyseatbelt__9__，Jaredthenbrokethedriver'swindowtodragmeout.He__10__didthiswhilemycarwasburning.__11__bythecrash，thehomeownerscameouttoinvestigate(调查)．Jaredtoldthemtoringemergencyservices__12__hecontinuedtohelpmeoutofthecar.I__13__mylifetoJaredandIconsiderhimagoodfriendduetothe__14__bondcreatedonthenighthedraggedmetosafety.IwasrushedtotheRoyalAdelaide8\nHospitalina__15__condition，fivebonesbroken.Ispentafewweeksinhospital，duringwhichtimeJaredvisitedmetoseehowIwas__16__.HealsocontinuedtocontactmeafterIreturnedhome.Hesayshedoesn'tbelievethathedidanythingspecial.Onthat，I__17__disagreewithhimandamverygladthathedidn'tgethurtinthe__18__.Today，nearlysevenyearslater，JaredandIstill__19__andoftentalkabouttheeventsofthatnight.Jaredismy__20__andmyfriend.1．A.balanceB．sightC．interestD．control2．A.gotB．steppedC．crashedD．hid3．A.keptB．parkedC．foundD．stood4．A.WorseB．LuckilyC．ClearlyD．Badly5．A.offB．underC．nearD．beyond6．A.SittingB．SleepingC．DrivingD．Waiting7．A.stoppedB．failedC．happenedD．hesitated8．A.practiceB．handC．safetyD．danger9．A.renewedB．undoneC．repairedD．fastened10．A.hardlyB．graduallyC．bravelyD．naturally11．A.AnnoyedB．DraggedC．WarnedD．Woken12．A.whileB．althoughC．untilD．since13．A.devoteB．oweC．takeD．save14．A.bloodyB．social8\nC．specialD．loose15．A.nervousB．pleasantC．normalD．serious16．A.recoveringB．operatingC．strugglingD．relaxing17．A.eventuallyB．exactlyC．totallyD．probably18．A.spotB．processC．wayD．challenge19．A.takecareB．fitinC．dropinonD．keepintouch20．A.angelB．ownerC．doctorD．driver【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。七年前的一个夜晚，“我”的车失控撞到前面的车辆和树木，然后起火，“我”受了重伤，“我”后边的车里的年轻人勇敢将“我”从车里救出来并把“我”送到医院。“我”康复后和那个年轻人成了好朋友。1．D　考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“hitatree”可推知，“我”的车失控了。losecontrolof...为固定短语，意为“对……失去控制”，符合语境。故选D。2．C　考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“hitatree.Iwasbadlyinjured！”可推知，“我”撞上了一辆车。“crashinto…”为固定短语，意为“撞上……”。故选C。3．B　考查动词辨析。根据本句中的“astillcar”和空格后的“infrontofahouse”可推知，“我”撞上了一辆停在房子前面的车。B项意为“停放(汽车等)”，符合语境。故选B。4．A　考查副词辨析。根据本句中的“Ihadnoideathatafirehadstarted...”可推知，撞车本来就是一件很糟糕的事，而着火则令事情更加糟糕。worsestill意为“更糟糕的是”，符合语境。故选A。5．B　考查介词辨析。根据本句中的“thebonnet(引擎盖)ofmycar”可推知，车的引擎盖下面着火了，而作者并不知情。B项意为“在……下面”，符合语境。故选B。6．C　考查动词辨析。根据下文“Hesawtheaccidentoccur...”及语境可知，这个年轻人目击了这起事故；由此可推知，他当时应该是在我后面开车。故选C。7．A　考查动词辨析。根据下文所描述的这个年轻人救“我”的过程可推知，此处是指他停下自己的车然后把“我”从车里救出来。stoptodosth.意为“停下来去做某事”，符合语境。故选A。8\n8．D　考查名词辨析。根据上文可知，“我”的车撞到了一辆车并起火；由此可推知，这个年轻人是冒着生命危险将“我”从车里拽出来的。put...indanger为固定搭配，意为“将……置于危险之中”。故选D。9．B　考查动词辨析。根据上一段中的“whenhegotintothebackseattryingtoundomyseatbelt”可推知，他先解开了我的安全带。B项意为“解开，松开”，符合语境。故选B。10．C　考查副词辨析。根据本句中的“whilemycarwasburning”可推知，当时车还在着火，所以将“我”从车里拽出来很危险，他的这个行为很勇敢。C项意为“勇敢地”，符合语境。故选C。11．D　考查动词辨析。根据文章第一句中的“Itwas3am,acoldandwetnight”可知，此处指这家人被这场事故吵醒。D项意为“弄醒，醒来”，符合语境。故选D。12．A　考查连词辨析。句意为：Jared告诉他们打急救电话，同时继续把“我”从车中拽出来。while意为“与……同时”，强调两件事同时发生。故选A。13．B　考查动词辨析。此处指“我”能活下来是因为Jared。owe...to...为固定用法，意为“将……归功于……”。故选B。14．C　考查形容词辨析。根据本句中的“createdonthenighthedraggedmetosafety”可知，此处是指在Jared救“我”的那晚我们就建立了特殊的联系。C项意为“特别的”，符合语境。故选C。15．D　考查形容词辨析。根据本句中的“fivebonesbroken”可知，“我”被送往医院时断了五根骨头；由此可推知，“我”的伤势很严重。D项意为“严重的”，符合语境。故选D。16．A　考查动词辨析。根据语境及常识可知，Jared来医院是看“我”恢复得怎么样了。A项意为“康复，恢复”，符合语境。故选A。17．C　考查副词辨析。根据前一句“Hesayshedoesn'tbelievethathedidanythingspecial.”可知，他认为自己并没有做什么特别的事情。而“我”在这一点上完全不同意他的看法，因为他救了“我”的命。C项意为“完全地，全部地”，符合语境。故选C。18．B　考查名词辨析。此处是指“我”很庆幸他在营救“我”的过程中没有受伤。B项意为“过程”，符合语境。故选B。19．D　考查动词短语辨析。根据本句中的“oftentalkabouttheeventsofthatnight”可知，多年后我们仍然保持着联系。D项意为“保持联系”，符合语境。故选D。20．A　考查名词辨析。根据上文可知，Jared救过“我”的命，因此“我”觉得他是“我”的天使、“我”的朋友。A项意为“天使”，符合语境。故选A。四、单句改错1．Thedoctortreatedaverageof20patientsperday.8\n______________________________________________________答案：average前加an　anaverageof...“平均有……”。2．Italwaystakemetwohourstofinishmyhomework.______________________________________________________答案：take→takes　Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.“某人花费……时间做某事”，本句描述一般事实。3．Anumberofnewmachineswereintroducedfromabroad,resultedinanincreaseinproduction.______________________________________________________答案：resulted→resulting　句中已有谓语动词wereintroduced且两句间无连词，故此处应用result的现在分词形式作结果状语。4．Inthecitycenter,wehavetoputupnoise.______________________________________________________答案：up后加with　putupwith“忍受”。5．Asaresultthepilots'strike,alltheflightshadtobecancelled.______________________________________________________答案：result后加of　asaresultof...“由于……”，后接名词或名词短语。五、短文改错Chineseisoneoftheworld'smostwidelyspokenlanguages.TherearemuchdifferenttypesofChinese.Forexample，onetypeknownasMandarin，hadalmostabillionspeakers.OutsideofChina，ChineseinsomeformisspokenChinesecommunitiesworldwide.ThedifferentkindsofChineselanguageuseasamescript.WhilesomeonefromthenorthofChinamayneedthespeechofsomeonefromthesouthinterpreted，butitisnotusuallynecessarytohavewrittendocumentstranslating.Intheearlytwentycentury，agovernmentlanguagepolicycreatedModernStandardChinese，thatisnowtheofficiallanguageofChina.ItisoneoftheofficiallanguageoftheUnitedNationstodevelopmoreeffectivelycommunication.【答案】Chineseisoneoftheworld'smostwidelyspokenlanguages.TherearedifferenttypesofChinese.Forexample，onetypeknownasMandarin，almostabillionspeakers.OutsideofChina，ChineseinsomeformisspokenChinese8\ncommunitiesworldwide.ThedifferentkindsofChineselanguageusesamescript.WhilesomeonefromthenorthofChinamayneedthespeechofsomeonefromthesouthinterpreted,itisnotusuallynecessarytohavewrittendocuments.Intheearlycentury，agovernmentlanguagepolicycreatedModernStandardChinese，isnowtheofficiallanguageofChina.ItisoneoftheofficialoftheUnitedNationstodevelopmorecommunication.第一处：much改为many。考查限定词。根据下文的可数名词复数“types”可知，此处应用many修饰。第二处：had改为has。考查时态。根据文章可知，此处描述客观情况，故用一般现在时。第三处：在Chinese前加by。考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表示汉语“被”说，故应添加by，表示“被，由”。第四处：a改为the。考查冠词。thesame表示“相同的”。第五处：删除but。考查连词。句首While意为“尽管，虽然”，不能和but连用。第六处：translating改为translated。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为havesth.done结构，表示“使某事被做”，故应用过去分词作宾语补足语。第七处：twenty改为twentieth。考查序数词。此处应用序数词表示“在二十世纪早期”。第八处：that改为which。考查定语从句。that不能引导非限制性定语从句，且此处关系代词在从句中作主语，先行词是ModernStandardChinese，故将that改为which。第九处：language改为languages。考查固定用法。“oneof＋可数名词复数”为固定用法，故此处应用名词复数形式。第十处：effectively改为effective。考查形容词。此处应用形容词修饰名词，表示“更有效的沟通”。8