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2022高考英语复习:高考英语词汇400题及详解(四)

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  151.Wecan't_____onetochangethehabitsofalifetimeinashorttime.    A.hope   B.wait   C.expect   D.imagine  [答案]C.expert.  [注释]expert期望,盼望,表示认为有很大的客观可能性,例如:IexperttheworktobefinishedbyFriday.(我期望这项工作能在星期五前做完。)waitfor...todosth.等待、等待......做......,强调“等”这一动词的本身,如:Theaudiencearewaitingeagerlyfortheperformancetobegin.(观众正等着演出开始。)本题如改为这样:Iwaitedforhimtoarriveintimefordinner,buthedidn'tcome.(我等他来赶上晚餐,但他没有来。)则句子使是对的。由此可见,expect是表示“期待”,而waitfor是表示“等待”,词义完全不同。注意hope后不能接sb.todosth.。imaginebeingonthemoon.3)I'msorry,butIcan'timagineanyonedoingresearchlikethat.(很遗憾,我不能想象人家那样做实验。)  本题译文:我们不能期望一个人在这样短的时间内改变一辈子养成的习惯。  152.Itwasnecessaryto_____thefactorybuildingasthecompanywasdoingmoreandmorebusiness.    A.extend   B.increase   C.lengthen   D.magnify24/24\n  [答案]A.extend.  [注释]本题中extend意为“扩大”。lengthen拉长,延长。magnify放大。Spreadvi.传播;vt.展开;Hespreadbutteronthetoast.(他在烤面包上涂上奶油。)  153.Iaskedthetailortomakeasmall_____tomytrousersbecausetheyweretoolong.  A.change B.variation C.revision D.alteration  [答案]Dalteration.  [注释]alteration修正,更改,尤指部分的改变。Change改变,变化,可指表面的、本质的、内在的变化。Revision修订、修正,常指文章、词典、剧本等的修改、订正。Variation(形式、位置、条件的)变化、改变、变动:Weneedsomevariationinourdailyroutine.(我们的例行公事需要作些变动。)  154.BecauseofthestrongsunMrs.William'snewdiningroomcurtains_____fromdarkbluetograywithinayear.  A.faded   B.fainted   C.paled   D.diminished  [答案]A.faded.  [注释]fadevt/vi褪色。Faint晕到,变得虚弱:Hefaintedfromhunger.Diminishvt./vi.减少:1)Hisillnessdiminished24/24\nhisstrength.2)Thecampers'foodsupplydiminishedasthedaysworeon.(随着日子的缓缓消逝,野营者的食品供应日益减少。)pale变苍白。  155.Jackisgood,kind,hard-workingandintelligent._____,Ican'tspeaktoohighlyofhim.    A.Asaresult    B.Bytheway    C.Onthewhole   D.Inaword  [答案]D.Inaword.  [注释]inaword(=inshort)总之,简言之。  本题是测试“过度词”,考生务必根据上下文的逻辑关系来选择适当的过渡词,使句子的意思前后连贯。  156.Evidenceobtainedfromobservationandexperimentisoftenusedto_____ascientifictheory.    A.confirm   B.confine   C.conform   D.conceive  [答案]A.confirm.  [注释]confirm(=support;makecertain;giveproofof)证实,确实:1)Pleaseconfirmyourtelephonemessageinwriting.(请把你电话中所说的话再用文字复述一篇。)2)ThekingconfirmedthattheelectionwouldbeonJune24/24\n20th.(国王确认,这次选择将于六月二十日举行。)confine...to把......限制于:Pleaseconfineyourremarkstothesubjectwearetalkingabout.(请把你的话限止于我们正在谈论的题目。)conform(to)使一致,符合,遵守。Conceive1)想到,想出:Heveryquicklyconceivedanewplan.[注意]conceiveof想象:Theycouldnotconceiveofthepossibilityoffailure.(他们不能想象失败的可能。)  157.Politicalpartiesoftendifferintheirviewsonvarious_____concerningtheirowncountries.  A.ways   B.measures   C.issues   D.patterns  [答案]c.issues.  [注释]issue此处意为“重大问题”。measure措施,虽然填入本题也说得过去,但不够贴切。pattern模式,图案,图样。与题意不符,不能入选。way方法,方式。  158._____hisknowledgeofthemountainouscountry,JohnSmithwasappointedasourguide.    A.Inspiteof     B.Onaccountof    C.Regardlessof   D.Insteadof  [答案]B.Onaccountof  [注释]onaccountof(=becauseof)由于,因为。regardless24/24\nof(=withoutworryingabout)不顾;Regardlessofdanger,heclimbedthetower.  159.Thelawyerwasexpectedto_____someproposalsafterreadingallthosedocuments.    A.comeupwith   B.putupwith    C.lookupto     D.keepupwith  [答案]A.comeupwith.  [注释]comeupwith提出。参阅Ⅲ,33。注释。Putupwith忍受;keepupwith跟上,与......保持一致;lookupto尊敬。  160.Whiletyping,Helenhasahabitofstopping_____togiveherlongandflowinghairasmooth.    A.occasionally   B.simultaneously    C.eventually     D.directly  [答案]A.occasionally.  [注释]occasionally偶尔。参阅IV。137注释。Simultaniously同时地; directly直接  161.Inmyopinion,youcanwidenthe_____oftheseimprovementsthroughyouractiveparticipation.24/24\n    A.dimension   B.volume   C.magnitude   D.scope  [答案]D.scope.  [注释]scope(=theareawithinthelimitsofaquestions,subjectect.;range)(活动)范围,机会,余地:Thepoliticsofacountrywouldbeoutsidethescopeofabookfortourists.(一个国家的政治不属于旅游手册的内容范围之内。)  dimension尺寸,尺度;magnitude大小,数量;volume体积。均不切题,不能入选。  本题译文:依我看,通过你的积极参与,你能够扩大这些改进措施的范围。  162.Thenoisewasso_____thatonlythosewithexcellenthearingwereawareofit.    A.dim   B.soft   C.faint   D.gentle  [答案]c.faint.  [注释]faint(=weak,indistinct;notclear)“微弱的,模糊的,不清楚的”。Dim(=notbright,notclearlytobeseen)不亮的,看不清的;thedimlightofacandle(微弱的烛光)。24/24\n  163.Ifherefusesto_____myplan,Icanprobablyfindsomeonemorecooperative.    A.putupwith    B.fallinwith    C.doawaywith   D.getalongwith  [答案]B.fallinwith.  [注释]fallinwith(=agreeto)同意:Isittruethatyouhavefalleninwiththem?(你真的同意他们的意见吗?)putupwith忍受。doawaywith废除;杀死。getalongwith进行,进展;相处。  本题译文:如果他不肯同意我的计划,我或许能找一个更能合作的人。  164.Somepeopleeither_____avoidquestionsofrightandwrongorremainneutralaboutthem.  A.violentlyB.sincerely C.properly D.deliberately  [答案]D.deliberately.  [注释]deliberately(=onpurpose)故意地。Sincerely真诚地;violently强暴的,激烈的,暴力引起的。properly1)好好地,恰当地;Shenevermakesanyattempttocleanitproperly.(她从来也不打算好好地把它擦干净。)2)严格地:Properlyspeaking,awhaleisnota24/24\nfish.(严格地说,鲸鱼不是鱼。)  165.Herskirthadbeenso_____inpackingthatshehadtoironitbeforegoingout.    A.faded   B.torn   C.dirty   D.crushed  [答案]D.crushed.  [注释]crush把......弄皱。因为后半句中iron指“熨平”,所以不能选其他答案了。  166.Hislandladygavehimaweek's_____toleavetheflat.    A.threat   B.notice   C.advice   D.caution  [答案]B.notice.  [注释]notice预先通知(尤用雇主、雇员或房东、房客之间):giveone'semployeeamonth'snotice(通知雇员一个月后离职)。  本题译文:他的女房东通知他一周后从套间搬走。  167.Eveniftheyareonsale,theserefrigeratorsareequalinpriceto,ifnotmoreexpensivethan,_____attheotherstore.  A.anyone   B.theothers   C.that   D.theones24/24\n  [答案]D.theones  [注释]代词one可以用来替代前面提到过的名词,以避免重复。如果它替代的名词是复数,则用ones。本题中它代替refrigerators;因特指,故用theones.  168.WhenItookhistemperature,itwastwodegreesabove_____.  A.average   B.ordinary   C.regular   D.normal  [答案]D.normal  [注释]normal正常的;ordinary普通的;usual平常的;regular有规律的,定期的。  169.Withthechangeoftheeconomicfoundationtheentireimmensesuperstructureis_____rapidlytransformed.  A.anythingbutB.moreorless C.atlarge D.anymore  [答案]B.moreorless.  [注释]moreorless或多或少地;anythingbut根本不;atlarge大体上;逍遥法外;详细地。  本题译文:随着经济基础的改变,整个庞大的上层24/24\n建筑也或多或少地发生变革。  170.Theauthorofthereportiswell_____withtheproblemsinthehospitalbecausehehasbeenworkingthereformanyyears.  A.acquaintedB.informed C.enlightened D.advised  [答案]A.acquainted.  [注释]beacquaintedwith熟悉,bewellinformedof(about)对......消息灵通。可见,此题中应用acquainted,因为后面地介词是with.  171.Itisclearthatthewholeworldispassingthroughasocialrevolutioninwhichacentral_____mustbetakenbyscientistsandtechnologists.  A.process  B.attention   C.measure   D.part  [答案]D.part.  [注释]takepartin参加。  本题译文:显然,整个世界正经历着一场社会革命;科学家和技术人员必定是这场革命地主要参加者。  172.Thefarmersweremoreanxiousforrainthanthepeopleinthecitybecausetheyhadmore_____.24/24\n  A.atlength   B.atlast   C.atstake   D.atease  [答案]C.atstake.  [注释]atstake(=tobewonorlost;risked,dependingupontheresultofsth.)在危险中;利害攸关;Hislifeitselfwasatstake.(他的生命本身濒临危险。); atlast最终;atlength详细地;atease安详,自在,随便,不拘束:Sheknewhewasnotatease.(她知道,他并不自在。)  本题译文:农民们比城里人更渴望鱼,因为雨水对农民来说关系更大。  173.Whenthebigbillsformother'shospitalcarecame,fatherwasgladhehadmoneyinthebankto_____.    A.fallshortof   B.fallthrough    C.fallbackon    D.fallinwith  [答案]C.fallbackon.  [注释]fallbackon求助于。参阅Ⅲ.48注释。  Fallshortof没达到,低于:1)Hefellshortofwhatwehadexpected.(他没有达到我们的期望。)2)Themeasuresproposedfallfarshortofwhatisrequired.(所提出的这些措施远没达到需要的目标。)Fallinwith与......一致,符合;同意,赞成,支持。Fallthrough落空。参阅Ⅲ.49注释。24/24\n  本题译文:母亲在医院就医的各种帐单送来时,父亲高兴的是他可用银行里的存款来支付。  174.Theseplasticflowerslookso_____thatmanypeoplethinktheyarereal.  A.beautiful   B.natural   C.artificial   D.similar  [答案]B.natural.  [注释]natural自然的,与后半句“许多人认为它们是真的”相呼应。  175.Themanagingdirectorpromisedthathewould_____meassoonashehadanyfurtherinformation.    A.communicate   B.notice   C.notify   D.note  [答案]C.notify.  [注释]notify通知。Noticen.通知;v.注意到;noten.笔记;v.记下,摘下。  176.WhenIworkedasthegeneralmanagerofthefirm,Isometimeshad_____tovisitLondononbusiness.24/24\n  A.opportunityB.possibility C.occasionD.chance  [答案]C.occasion  [注释]occasion作可数名词时,意为“时机”,作不可数名词时,意为“必要”,本题中occasion意为“必要”。从句语法结构上看,本句中用opportunity(难得的)机会,chance(偶然的)机会均可,但按逻辑意思,应用occasion.  177.Themostimportant_____ofhisspeechwasthatweshouldallworkwhole-heartedlyforthepeople.   A.element  B.spot   C.sense   D.point  [答案]D.point.  [注释]point(=chiefideaofsth.said,done,orplanned)要点;论点,主旨:Idon'tseeyourpoint.(我不明白你的意思。)Hesaidnothingtothepoint.(他说的不切题。)  178.Ithasalwaysbeenthe_____ofourfirmtoencourageworkerstotakepartinsocialactivities.  A.plan   B.campaign   C.procedure   D.policy  [答案]D.policy.  [注释]policy(尤指政党、政府、大企业、商行等的)政策,方24/24\n针。Campaign(政治或竞选的)运动;(军事的)行动,procedure做事的手续、程序,rule规则,plan计划,均不合题意。  本题译文:本公司的一贯方针是鼓励工人参加社会活动。  179.Theclimbers_____theirambitionbyreachingthesummitofthemountain.  A.obtained B.sustained C.maintained D.realized  [答案]D.realised.  [注释]realisesth.bydoingsth.else通过做......来实现.......。  180.IrememberherfacebutIcannot_____whereImether.  A.recall   B.remind   C.remember   D.remark  [答案]A.recall.  [注释]recall(=bringbacktothemind)想起,回忆起:ButIreallycann'trecallyournameathismoment.  Remindsb.of...使......想起:1)Thephotoremindsmeofmylatefather.(这张照片使我想起已故的父亲。)2)ThesightoftheclockremindedmethatIwaslate.Remindsb.tosth.提醒......做......;Pleaseremindmetowritetheletter.24/24\n  181.Hehaslefthisbookhereon_____,sothatyoucanreadit.    A.purpose   B.intention   C.aim   D.meaning  [答案]A.purpose.  [注释]onpurpose是介词习语,意为“故意地”。如用intention,则应说byintention故意地。  182.Themagicianpickedseveralpersonsfromtheaudienceandaskedthemtohelphimwiththeperformance.    A.byaccident   B.onoccasion    C.atrandom     D.onanaverage  [答案]C.atrandom.  [注释]atrandom(=withoutaimorpurpose)随便地,胡乱地:Hisclotheswerescatteredabouttheroomatrandom.  Byaccident意外地;onoccasion偶尔;onanaverage平均计算。  183.Theopenuniversitywasstartedinordertohelpthosewho_____havingauniversityeducationwhentheywereyoung.24/24\n    A.stopped   B.failed   C.missed   D.ceased  [答案]C.missed.  [注释]missdoingsth.没有做某事:Imissedseeingthefilmwhenitwasshownatschool.(学校放映那部电影时,我没有能去看。)  184.His_____oftheaeroplanewascorrectineverydetailandcouldreallyfly.    A.shape   B.pattern   C.design   D.model  [答案]D.model.  [注释]model此句中意为“(飞机的)模型”。  185.Ifyou_____yourdemand,thenmaybeyouwillhavemorechanceofgettingwhatyouwant.    A.conduct   B.dismiss   C.grant   D.moderate  [答案]D.moderate.  [注释]moderate(=makeorbecomelessviolentorextreme)节制,缓和,减轻。  186.Don't_____thenewstothepublicuntilwegiveyouthego-ahead(许可,准许).    A.release   B.discard   C.relieve   D.retain24/24\n  [答案]A,release.  [注释]release(=allownewstobepublished)发布(新闻):Detailsoftheschemehavenotyetbeenreleasedtothepublic.(这项计划的细节尚未向公众发布。)relieve1)减轻(痛苦,紧张情绪等):Whatwillrelieveaheadache?Thiswillhelptorelieveourhardship.2)使放心,使宽慰:Thegoodnewsrelievedus,forwehadbeenveryanxious.3)赈济,救济:Thefundisforrelievingdistressamongthefloodvictims.4)relieve...from(of)解除,免除;a.Thismedicinewillhelptorelieveyoufromyourpain.b.Hewasrelievedofhisduties.retain(=keep;continuetohaveorhold)保持,继续保有:1)Sheretainsaclearmemoryofherschooldays.2)Youmustretainyourtickets.  187.Thestormsweepingoverthisareanowissuretocause_____ofvegetablesinthecomingdays.  A.rarity  B.scarcity C.invalidity D.variety  [答案]B.scarcity.  [注释]scarcity(=thestateofbeingscarce)缺乏;不足(指原本充足之物暂时在数量上的缺乏)。例如:Thescarcityoffruitwascausedbythedrought.(水果的供应不足是干旱所引起的。)rarity(=sth.uncommon,unusualorsth.valuedbecauserare)珍稀,稀少:Snowisararityaroundtheequator.(雪在赤道周围是罕见之物。)invalidity(=making24/24\nweakbyillness;notsuitableforuse)无效性,丧失工作能力。Variety(=differenceofconditionorquality)变化,多样化。  本题译文:目前席卷这一地区的暴风雨今后肯定会引起蔬菜短缺。  188.Jackalmostfelloffthecliff,butmanagedto_____untilhelpcame.  A.keepon  B.catchon C.counton   D.hangon  [答案]D.hangon.  [注释]hangon(=holdfast,keephold)牢牢抓住,抓紧不放:Help!Ican'thangonmuchlonger.(救命啊!我支持不住啦。)keepon(doingsth.)继续(做......);catchon理解;counton指望,依赖。  本题译文:杰克差点从悬崖上掉下来,但得以抓住不放直到得救。  189.Expertssaywalkingisoneofthebestwaysforapersonto_____healthy.  A.preserve   B.stay   C.maintain   D.reserve  [答案]B.stay.24/24\n  [注释]preserve,stay,maintain,reserve这4个词均有“保持”,“维持”之意。stay后可接形容词作表语:Theweatherstayedwetforthreedays.其他3个词均为及物动词。Preserve(=keepsafefromdecay,risk,harm,danger,goingbadetc.)保存,保护:1)Policemenpreserveorderinthestreets.(警察在街上维持秩序。)2)Wemustpreserveournaturalresources.(我们必须保护自然资源。)3)Youpaintwoodworktopreserveit.(你油漆木制品以防腐烂。)Maintain(=keepup)保持,维持,维修。Reserve(=keepforaspecialpurpose;store)保留,预定:1)I'llreservemyopinionathistime,(这时我将保留我的看法。)2)I'llphoneuptodayandreservearoom.(我今天将打电话预定一个房间。)  本题译文:专家们说,步行是一个人保持健康的最好方法之一。  190.Expectednoisesareusuallymore_____thanunexpectedonesofthelikemagnitude.    A.manageable   B.controllable    C.tolerable    D.perceivable  [答案]C.tolerable.  [注释]tolerable(=fairlygood,nottoobad)可忍受的:Thepainhasbecometolerable.24/24\nmanageable可处理的;可管理的;controllable可控制的;perceivable可觉察的。  本题译文:料想到的嗓音通常情况下比起等量的意外嗓音来说是可以忍受的。  191.Itisn'tsomuchwhetherheworkshard;thequestioniswhetherheworks_____.    A.aboveall   B.inall   C.atall   D.afterall  [答案]C.atall.  [注释]atall全然,真地(常用于肯定句中):Ifyoudoitatall,doitwell.(你若真做,就得做好。)not...atall全不,毫不:Hedoesn'tseematallinterestedinmyplane.(他似乎对我的计划毫无兴趣。)aboveall(=mostimportantofall)最重要的。inall总计:Wewerefifteeninall.(我们总计15人。)afterall毕竟,终究。  本题译文:他是否努力工作到并不重要,问题是他是否真正地做了。  192.Maryhadtaken_____toseethatherguestshadeverythingthattheycouldpossiblywant.    A.efforts   B.pains   C.attempts   D.endeavors  [答案]B.pains.               24/24\n  [注释]takepainstodosth.下苦功夫做某事:I'mgratefulbecauseyouhavetakenpainstoshowmehowtodothework.  193.Heatewhathecould,andgavethe_____ofthefoodtothebirds.  A.remain   B.uneaten   C.rest   D.part  [答案]C.reset  [注释]therest(of)剩余部分,其余。remain作“剩余物”(=whatisleft)解时常用复数形式,如:theremainsofameal(残羹剩饭)。[ALI]《新英汉辞典》认为也可以用单数,可作参考。  194.Thegovernmentplaced_____onthenumbersofforeigncarsthatcouldbeimported.    A.limitations    B.restraint    C.requirements   D.restrictions  [答案]D.restrictions.  [注释]restriction(可数名称)限制性规定:Itisaclubwithrigidrestrictionsonitsmembership.Limitation局限性,不足之处,不利之处(可数):1)Iknowmylimitations.(我了解我的不足之处。)2)Everyfromofarthasits24/24\nlimitations.(每种艺术形式都有其局限性。)  195.Wewon'tknowwhetheritwillbesuccessful.Wewon'tknowwhethertherewillbegood_____.    A.ends   B.results   C.effects   D.causes  [答案]B.results.  [注释]result意为“由某种活动或某种原因所产生的结果”,如:obtain(=get,attain,gainwin,secure)goodresults(取得好结果),publishtheresults(公布成绩)。  196.Nooneimaginedthattheapparently_____businessmanwasreallyacriminal.  A.respectfulB.respectableC.respective D.respected  [答案]B.respectable.  [注释]respectable受到尊敬的。详见117.注释。  本题译文:没有一个想象到这个看起来令人尊敬的商人竟是一个罪犯。  197.Atfirsttheinstituterefusedtopurchasethetelescope,butthisdecisionwas_____revised.    A.occasionally   B.consequently24/24\n    C.successively   D.subsequently.  [答案]D.subsequently.  [注释]subsequently(=afterwards)随后,其后。  198.Thespeaker_____severalothersubjectsinthecourseofhistalkbutmostlykepthimselftothemaintopic.    A.heldon   B.workedout   C.touchedon   D.keptoutof  [答案]C.touchedon  [注释]touchon简单谈到。参阅Ⅲ.178注释。  199.ComradeLiDazhao,_____librarianofBeijingUniversity,wasoneofthefoundersoftheChineseCommunistParty.  A.sometimesB.sometime C.sometime D.sometimes  [答案]B.sometime.  [注释]sometime(=former)过去的,以前的:AliceBrown,asometimepupilofourschool,isnowateacherthere.  200.Alicewasverysorrytohearthathergrandmotherhad_____twodaysbefore.    A.brokenoff   B.passedoff24/24\n    C.givenaway   D.passedaway  [答案]D.passedaway.  [注释]passaway(=die)死亡,是“死亡”的委婉语。  breakoff中断;giveaway给掉;泄露;passoff中止,中断。24/24

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发布时间:2022-08-25 14:53:31 页数:24
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