【创新设计 高考总复习】2016版高中英语 Unit5 Nelson Mandela第2课时 考点突破诵•研•练 新人教版必修1

第2课时　考点突破　诵·研·练1夯基固本，步步为“赢”[词汇研析]devotevt.(与to连用)献身；专心于(1)devoteoneselfto献身于……；致力于……devote...to...把……奉献于……；把……专注于……(2)devotedadj.忠实的；深爱的bedevotedto...专心于……；奉献于……(3)devotionn．关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚Zaragozahasdevotedallhislifetothefieldofscience.Zaragoza把他的一生都献给了这一科学领域。①Alannahasalwaysshownintense________toherchildren.阿兰娜一直非常钟爱她的孩子们。②Mrs.White，a________friendofmine,________________andher________tochildrenmadeusvoteforher.怀特夫人，我的一位忠实的朋友，献身于教学，她对孩子们的关爱使我们投票选了她。答案　①devotion　②devoted；devotedherselftoteaching；devotionequaladj.相等的；平等的；胜任的；vt.等于；比得上n．同等的人；相等物(1)beequaltosth/doingsth等于/胜任某物/做某事AequalsBin...A在……方面比得上B/与B相匹敌withoutequal无与伦比(2)equalityn．平等equallyadv.相等地；同等地；均等地Thoughsheisyoung，shehasnoequalinmusic.尽管她很年轻，在音乐方面没有人能比得上她。①Mary________quite________Billinbrains.玛丽与比尔的智力不相上下。②He________________runningtheoffice.他能胜任管理办公室的工作。答案　①is；equalto　②isequaltoescapevt.&vi.逃脱；逃走；n.逃脱(1)escapefrom...从……逃脱；逃避7\nescapedoing/beingdone逃避(被)做某事escapedeath死里逃生(2)anarrowescape死里逃生Oncehooked，fishhavenochanceofescape.一旦钓住，鱼就没机会逃脱。①Whoeverbreaksthelawwon't________________.无论是谁触犯法律都避免不了受到处罚。②Thesoldier________________theenemy'sprison.这个士兵从敌人的监狱里逃了出来。答案　①escapebeingpunished　②escapedfromrewardv．报答；奖赏；n.奖赏；回报；酬金(1)inrewardfor为奖赏……asarewardfor作为对……的奖赏(2)rewardsbforsth因某事而奖赏某人rewardsbwithsth用某物回报某人名词动词award奖品，奖金，与prize用法相似意为“授予，颁发”，常用搭配：awardsbsth＝awardsthtosbreward报酬，奖金或一些非金钱类的报酬多指因对方的工作、服务、帮助而给予的报酬或奖赏，常用搭配：rewardsbfor(doing)sthMoYanwasawardedtheNobelPrizeinLiterature.Inhissparetime，hehasalwaysbeenreadytohelpyoungwriters.Howcanwerewardhiskindness?莫言被授予诺贝尔文学奖。在他的业余时间，他总是乐于帮助年轻作家，我们怎样才能报答他的好意呢？①Healwaysbelievedthatthecompanywould______________hisefforts.他总是认为公司会因为他的努力工作而奖赏他。②我送给他一本书来答谢他的帮助。(一句多译)Igavehimabook________________hishelp.＝I________him________abookforhishelp.答案　①rewardhimfor　②inrewardfor；rewarded；withturnto转身；求助于；致力于；查阅(1)turntosbforhelp向某人求助turndown拒绝turnout结果是；证明是7\n(2)taketurnstodo.../indoing...轮流做……inturn依次；轮流；相应地byturns轮流地However，whenitissomethingbeyondmycompetence，Iturntomyclassmatesorteachersforhelp.但是当事情超出我的能力时，我向同学或老师求助。观察句子，写出黑体部分的含义①HewastheoneIalwaysturnedtoforstrengthandsecurity.________②Ifyouturntopage40，youwillfindit.________③Moreandmorepeopleturntocomputerscience.________④AsIclimbedoutofthecaratthehospitalandturnedtothankher，shesmiledandtoldmenottolosefaith.________⑤Youshouldn'talwaysturntothedictionarywhenyoumeetnewwordsinreading.________答案　①求助于　②翻到　③从事于；致力于　④转向　⑤查阅cometopower上台；执政；当权inpower当权，执政(表状态)take/seize/losepower掌握/夺取/失去权力(政权)within/beyondone'spower在权力范围之内/在权力范围之外havethepowerofdoingsth具有做某事的能力Hehasthepowerofholdinghisaudience.他具有吸引听众的能力。①Itissaidthatwhenthenewpresident________________，hewillhavetofacemanydifficultproblems.据说这位新总统上台时会面临很多困难。②Thegovernmenthasbeen________________fortwoyears.这届政府已执政两年。答案　①comestopower　②inpowersetup建立；创立；建造setaboutdoingsth开始做或处理；着手setouttodosth开始做或处理；着手setaside留出/节省(时间或钱)；对……不予考虑setoff引爆；激发；出发；启程besetin...以……为背景，故事发生在……7\nThepolicesetuproadblocksonroutesoutofthecity.警察在城外的路上设置了路障。①Afund________________(将设立)forthedeadmen'sfamilies.②He________________(放一边)hisownworkand________________(着手)helpingme.答案　①willbesetup　②setaside；setabout[句式探究]thefirsttime第一次……(教材原句)IfeltbadthefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup.我第一次向一个(参观)小组谈论(罗本岛监狱的情况)时，心里很不好受。句中的thefirsttime用作连词，用来引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次……”。名词(短语)作连词，引导时间状语从句的有：(1)themoment/theminute/theinstant＝assoonas一……就……(2)everytime　每次　eachtime　每当……nexttime　下次……时　anytime　任何时候lasttime　上次……时　bythetime　到……为止①________Iseetheoldmaninthepark，heisabsorbedinreadingnewspapers.每当我在公园里看到这位老人时，他都在专注地读报。②________________Iinterviewedhim，helookedabitnervous.我第一次去采访他时，他看起来有点紧张。答案　①Eachtime　②Thefirsttimeonly＋副词/介词短语/状语从句引导的倒装句(教材原句)．..onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……只有到那个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。(1)表示否定意义的副词、连词或短语置于句首时，用部分倒装。如not，never，hardly，seldom，little，notonly，atnotime等。(2)only放于句首，修饰主语，句子不用倒装。(3)如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。Onlysomeofthechildrenseemedtohaveunderstoodit.似乎只有一部分孩子明白。Onlywhenheisseriouslyilldoesheeverstayinhospital.只有当他病情严重时他才住院。①________________canyoudothisjobwell.7\n只有用上你全部的时间和精力，你才能把这项工作做好。②________________learnEnglishwell.只有以这种方式我们才能学好英语。答案　①Onlywithallyourtimeandenergy　②Onlyinthiswaycanwe2各个击破，走近高考Ⅰ.用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空position；educate；cruelty；guide；equal；turnto；loseheart；introuble；asamatteroffact；blowup1．Everyonehopestobetreated________because________isthebasicdemand.2．Afterretiringfromthebasketballfield，YaoMingdecidedtogetfurther________inShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity.3．Somepeoplechoosenottoeatmeatbecausetheybelievethatitis________toeatanimals.4．DoctorSmithwillbewithyouasyour________.5．Leavethebandagein________untilthedoctortellsyoutoremoveit.6．Theyoftensaytheyaretoobusy，but________________，theyhaveenoughfreetime.7．Canyoulendmeapumpto________________mybicycletyres?8．Hefoundhimselfreally________________thistime.9．Theirtalk________________thechangethathadtakenplaceinthecity.10．Ididn't________________andkeptrunning.答案　1.equally；equality　2.education　3.cruel4．guide　5.position　6.asamatteroffact　7.blowup　8.introuble　9.turnedto　10.loseheartⅡ.语法填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空或根据句意填入适当的关系词)1．Recentaccidents，________fortyfivepeoplelosttheirlives，haverenewedconcernsoverthesafetyofovernightbuses.2．Thebookhashelpedmegreatlyinmydailycommunication，especiallyatwork________agoodimpressionisamust.3．Onlywhenwerealizetheimportanceofhelpingeachothercanwe________(devote)buildingaharmonioussociety.4．Butforyourtimelyencouragement，I________(lose)heartaftergoingthrough7\nsomuchdifficulty.5．IsupposebythetimeIcomebackintwoyears'timethenewschoolwill________(set)up.6．Withthenewlyelectedpresident________(come)power，mostAmericansthinkthatthingswillchangeforthebetter.7．Wasitbecauseofmurder________hewassentencedtodeath?8．Healwayscomplainsabouthislackofconfidence，whootherwisewould________(equal)toahigherposition.9．Hetaughtusduringthelunchbreaksandtheeveningswhenweshouldhavebeen________(sleep)．10．Theoldmanbecameveryworried，standingatthegate，unabletofindaman________whomhecouldturnforhelp.答案　1.where　2.where　3.bedevotedto　4.wouldhavelost　5.havebeenset　6.cominginto/to　7.that8．havebeenequal　9.asleep　10.when　Ⅲ.完成下列句子1．Nothingcan________me________whatIwant.什么都不能阻止我做我想做的事情。2．Sheisabitshy________________Imeether.我每一次见到她她都有点害羞。3．Whendidthatwiseman________________？那个英明的人何时执政的？4．Hishardworkwas________________hissuccess.他的成功就是对辛苦工作的奖赏。5．Why________________he________________death?他为什么被判处死刑？答案　1.stop/prevent/keep；fromdoing　2.everytime　3.cometopower　4.rewardedwith　5.was；sentencedtoⅣ.话题微写作翻译下列句子，然后组成一篇80词左右的短文。1．在我看来，我叔叔是一位具有良好品质的人。(inone'sopinion，character)2．在紧急情况下，他会保持镇静。(keepcalm)3．有一次，他从大火中救了一名伤员。(getinjured)4．此外，他还经常力所能及地帮助残疾人。(thedisabled)7\n5．社区的人们都佩服他的慷慨行为，他被提升为社区主任。(promote，admire...for...)_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】Inmyopinion，myuncleisamanofgoodcharacter.Andheisalwayskeepingcalmwheninanemergency.Atatime，hesavedapersonwhogotinjuredinabigfire.What'smore，heoftendoeswhathecantohelpthedisabled.Therefore，allthepeopleinthecommunityadmirehimforhisgenerosity，andhewaspromotedtobepresidentofthecommunity.7