广东省2022高考英语二轮复习 专项训练 阅读理解四十八

阅读理解阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳答案。Disposing(处理)ofwastehasbeenaproblemsincehumansstartedproducingit.Asmoreandmorepeoplechoosetoliveclosetogetherincities,thewaste-disposalproblembecomesIncreasinglydifficult.Duringtheeighteenthcentury,itwasusualforseveralneighboringtownstogettogethertoselectafarawayspotasadumpsite.Residentsortrashhaulers(垃圾拖运者)wouldtransporthouseholdrubbish,rottedwood,andoldpossessionstothesite.Periodically(定期的)someofthetrashwasburnedandtherestwasburied.Theunpleasantsightsandsmellscausednoproblembecausenobodylivedcloseby.Factories,mills,andotherindustrialsitesalsohadwastetobedisposedof.Thoselocatedonriversoftenjustdumpedtheunwantedremainsintothewater.Othersbuilthugeburnerswithchimneystodealwiththeproblem.Severalfactsmakethesechoicesunacceptabletomodernsociety.ThefirstproblemisspaceDumps,whicharenowcalledlandfills,aremostneededinheavilypopulatedareas.Suchareasrarelyhaveemptylandsuitableforthispurpose.Propertyiseithertooexpensiveortooclosetoresidential(住宅区的)neighborhoods.Long-distancetrashhaulinghasbeenacommonpracticebutoncefarmareasarerefusingtoacceptrubbishfromelsewhere,cheaplandwithintruckingdistanceofmajorcityareasisalmostnonexistent.Awareness(意识)ofpollutiondangershasresultedinmorestrictrulesofwastedisposal.Pollutionofrivers,groundwater,landandairisapricepeoplecannolongerpaytogetridofwaste.Theamountofwaste,however,continuestogrow.Recyclingeffortshavebecomecommonplace,andmanytownsrequiretheirpeopletotakepart.Evenhemostefficientrecyclingprograms,however,canhopetodealwithonlyabout50Percentofacity’sreusablewaste.36.Themostsuitabletitleforthispassagewouldbe_______.A.PlacesforDisposingWasteB.WastePollutionDangersC.WaysofGettingRidofWasteD.WasteDisposalProblem提示:第一段告诉了读者本文的中心思想。答案:D37.Duringthe18thcentury,peopledisposedtheirwasteinmanywaysEXCEPTfor_______.A.buryingitB.recyclingitC.burningitD.throwingitintorivers提示:从文章第二、三段可知。答案:B38.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefourthparagraph?A.Farmareasacceptwastefromthecityinmodernsociety.B.Thereischeaplandtoburywasteinmodernsociety.C.Itisdifficulttofindspacetoburywasteinmodernsociety.D.Waystodealwithwasteinmodernsocietystaythesame.3\n提示:实际所使用的垃圾处理方法是烧、埋、倾倒进河里。第四段论述了这些方法在现代社会的不可接受性。文中例数了用这些方法处理垃圾的问题，可见在方法上没有进展。答案:D39.Themainpurposeofwritingthisarticleisto_______.A.drawpeople’sattentiontowastemanagementB.warnpeopleofthepollutiondangerswearefacingC.callonpeopletotakepartinrecyclingprogramsD.tellpeopleabetterwaytogetridofthewaste提示:文章介绍了过去与现在的垃圾处理方法，论述了这种方法所带来的问题和人们对这一问题的认识。最后一段强调利用回收的方法依然不能解决问题的严峻形势。文章旨在引起人们对废物管理的进一步关注。答案:A阅读理解阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳答案。Thereisprobablynofieldofhumanactivityinwhichourvaluesandlifestylesareshownmoreclearlyandstronglythantheyareintheclothesthatwechoosetowear.Thedressofanindividualisakindof“signlanguage”thatcommunicatesasetofinformationandisusuallythebasisonwhichimmediateimpressionsareformed.Traditionally,aconcernforclotheswasconsideredtobeanaffairoffemales,whilementookprideinthefactthattheywerecompletelylackinginclothesconsciousness(意识).ThistypeofAmericancultureisbydegreeschangingasmandresstakesongreatervarietyandcolor.Evenasearlyas1955,aresearcherinMichigansaidthatmenattachedratherhighimportancetothevalueofclothingindailylife.Whitecollarworkersinparticularvieweddressasasymbol(象征)ofability,whichcouldbeusedtoimpressorinfluenceothers,especiallyintheworksituation.Thewhitecollarworkerwasdescribedasextremelyconcernedabouttheimpressionhisclothingmadeonhissuperiors(上司).Althoughbluecollarworkerswerelessaware(察觉到的)thattheymightbejudgedonthebasisoftheirclothing,theyrecognizedthatanydifferencefromtheacceptedpatternofdresswouldbemadefunofbyfellowworkers.Sincethattime,ofcourse,thepatternshavechanged:thetypicalofficeworkermaynowbewearingtheblueshirt,andthelaborerawhiteshirt;buttheimportanceofdresshasnotbecomeless.Otherresearchersinrecentyearshavehelpedtoproveitsimportanceinthelivesofindividualsatvariousagelevelsandindifferentsocialandeconomicstatusgroups(阶层).36.Thepassagetellsusthat_______.A.ourvaluesandlifestylesareinnofieldofhumanactivityB.theclothesthatwechoosetowearhavesomethingtodowithourvaluesandlifestylesC.ourvaluesandlifestylesarefromthesignlanguageD.theclotheswechoosetoweardependonasetofinformationandimmediateimpression提示:细节理解题。A、C、D三项内容与第一段前两句叙述不符。答案:B3\n37.Traditionally,peopleusuallythoughtthat_______.A.mencaredverymuchforclothesB.womenwereconcernedgreatlyaboutwhattheyworewhilemendidn’tC.bothmenandwomenpaidgreatattentiontotheirclothesD.neithermennorwomenshowedinterestinclothes答案:B38.Bluecollarworkerspayattentiontotheirclothesbecause_______.A.theyareconcernedabouttheimpressiontheirclothesmakeontheirsuperiorsB.theyknowveryclearlythatpeoplewilljudgethemonthebasisoftheirclothingC.theywanttoimpressandinfluenceothersD.theydon’twanttobelaughedat提示:从第二段最后一句来看，正确答案为D。答案:D39.Whichofthefollowingcanbestexplaintheunderlinedsentenceinthesecondparagraph?A.Menthoughtthevalueofclothingindailylifewasveryimportant.B.Mendidn’tpayattentiontotheimportanceofthevalueofclothingindailylife.C.Menthoughtlittleoftheimportanceofthevalueofclothingindailylife.D.Menwereconcernedlittleaboutthevalueofclothingindailylife.提示:第二段后半部分的例子就是证明这句话的。从例子可以看出，无论是白领阶层，还是蓝领工人;无论出于何种目的，他们都注意穿着打扮，都注重服装在生活和工作中的重要作用，所以A项是最恰当的解释。答案:A40.Thepassagemainlysuggeststhat_______.A.nowmenpaymoreattentiontotheirclothesthanwomendoB.womenalwayslikebeautifuldressesC.peoplehavepaidmoreandmoreattentiontotheimportanceofdressD.Americancultureischanginggreatly提示:作者通过论述服装在展示生活价值和生活方式方面不可替代的作用和传统观念上男女对服装的不同态度，以及美国所发生的服装观念上的改变，揭示了人们越来越注重服装在日常生活中的重要作用。答案:C3