广东省2022高考英语二轮复习 专项训练 阅读理解二十

阅读理解AManypeoplebelieveHenryFordinventedtheautomobile(汽车).ButHenryForddidnotstarttobuildhisfirstcaruntil1896.ThatwaselevenyearsaftertwoGermansdevelopedtheworld'sfirstautomobile.ManypeoplebelieveHenryFordinventedtheproductionlinethatmovedacar'spartstotheworker,insteadofmakingtheworkermovetotheparts.Thatisnottrue,either.ManyfactoryownersusedmethodsofthiskindbeforeFord.WhatHenryForddidwastouseotherpeople'sideasandmakethembetter.Andhemadethewholefactoryamovingproductionline.Intheearlydaysoftheautomobile,almosteverycarmakerracedhiscars.Itwasthebestwayofgainingpublicnotice.HenryForddecidedtobuildaracingcar.Ford'smostfamousracewashisfirstone.Itwasalsothelastraceinwhichhedrovethecarhimself.Theracewasin1901,atafieldnearDetroit.Allofthemostfamouscarshadentered,butonlytwowereleft:theWintonandFord's.TheWintonwasfamousforitsspeed.Mostpeoplethoughttheracewasoverbeforeitbegan.TheWintontookanearlylead.Buthalfwaythroughtherace,itbegantolosepower.Fordstartedtogain.Andneartheendoftherace,hetookthelead.FordwontheraceanddefeatedtheWinton.Hisnameappearedinnewspapersandhebecamewell-knownallovertheUnitedStates.Withinweeksoftherace,HenryFordformedanewautomobilecompany.Inthe1903,adoctorinDetroitboughtthefirstcarfromthecompany.ThatsalewasthebeginningofHenryFord'sdream.Fordsaid:"Iwillbuildamotorcarforthegreatmassofpeople.Itwillbelargeenoughforthefamily,butsmallenoughforonepersontooperateandcarefor.Itwillbebuiltofthebestmaterials.Itwillbebuiltbythebestmentobeemployed.Anditwillbebuiltwiththesimplestplansthatmodemengineeringcanproduce.Itwillbesolowinpricethatnomanmakinggoodmoneywillbeunabletoownone."TheModelTwasacarofthatkind.Itonlycost$850.Itwasasimplemachinethatdriverscoulddependon.DoctorsboughttheModelT.Sodidfarmers.Even4\ncriminals.Theyconsidereditthefastestandsurestformoftransportation.AmericanslovedtheModelT.Theywrotestoriesandsongsaboutit.ThousandsofModelT'swerebuiltinthefirstfewyears.()1.WhatdoweknowaboutHenryFordfromParagraph1?A.Hemadegooduseofideasfromothers.B.Heproducedthefirstcarintheworld.C.Heknewhowtoimproveautoparts.D.Heinventedtheproductionline.【答案】：A【解析】：细节题。由文章WhatHenryForddidwastouseotherpeople'sideasandmakethembetter.可选A。()2.WhydidHenryFordtakepartinthe1901carrace?A.Toshowoffhisdrivingskills.B.Todrawpublicattention.C.Tolearnaboutnewtechnology.D.Toraisemoneyforhisnewcompany.【答案】：B【解析】：细节题。由文章第3段TheWintonwasfamousforitsspeed.Mostpeoplethoughttheracewasoverbeforeitbegan.可得出B。()3.“Thatsale”inParagraph4refersto.A.thesellingofFordcarsatreducedpricesB.thesaleofModelTtothemassofpeopleC.thesellingofacartoaDetroitdoctorD.thesalestargetfortheFordCompany【答案】：C【解析】：猜测词义，有上文Inthe1903,adoctorinDetroitboughtthefirstcarfromthecompany.可知。()4.WhatwasHenryFord'sdreamaccordingtothetext?A.Producingcarsforaveragecustomers.4\nB.Buildingracingcarsofsimpledesign.C.Designingmorecarmodels.D.Startingmorecompanies.【答案】：A【解析】：细节题，由Iwillbuildamotorcarforthegreatmassofpeople可选A。BTheCoalitionfortheHomelessisanorganizationthatseekstoaddresstheneedsofthehomelesspopulationintheUnitedStates.Itisanetworkofoffices,someofwhichprovidefoodandhousesforthehomelesspopulation,andsomeofwhichfightforthepassingoflawsthatofovertwohundredmillionpeoplelivingintheUnitedStates,uptothreemillionarehomeless—andthenumberisstillgrowing.Sincethelate1970s,fastrisinghouseprices,largecutsingovernmentsupportedhousingprograms,andeconomicrecession(经济衰退)havemadeitimpossibleformanyAmericanstomeethousingcosts.Sadly,thishasresultedinanumberofpersonsbeingforcedtoleavetheirhomesand/orunabletofindnewaffordablehomes.Accordingtoanotherresearch,familieswithchildrenappeartobethefastest-growingpartofthehomelesspopulation,makingup39%ofit.Theoldideaofahomelessperson,thatofthesinglemanwhogetsdrunkallthetime,isnolongertrue.Amuchlagerpartofthepopulationnowfindsitselfhomeless.Evenworse,onceapersonbecomeshomeless,heoftenfindsitimpossibletofindajob,sincemostemployersrequireanyonewhowantsajobfromthemtoprovideahomeaddressonajobapplication.()1.Theword“address”inthefirstlineprobablymeans.A.talkaboutB.dealwithC.fightforD.writeto【答案】：B【解析】：猜测词义题。由后文Itisanetworkofoffices,someofwhichprovidefoodandhousesforthehomelesspopulation,andsomeofwhichfightforthepassingoflawsthatofovertwohundredmillionpeoplelivingintheUnitedStates,可得出选B。()2.HowmanypeoplearehomelessintheU.S.accordingtotheCoalitionstudies?4\nA.39%ofthepopulation.B.200millionpeople.C.About3millionpeople.D.Aboutone-fifthofthepopulation.【答案】：C【解析】：细节题，由uptothreemillionarehomeless可得出C。()3.Homelesspeopleoftenhavedifficultyfindingajobbecause.A.theyhavenohomeaddressesB.theymostlyhaveadrinkingproblemC.theyaren'tsupportedbygovernmentprogramsD.theyoftendon'thaveenoughworkexperience【答案】：A【解析】：细节题，由heoftenfindsitimpossibletofindajob,sincemostemployersrequireanyonewhowantsajobfromthemtoprovideahomeaddressonajobapplication.可知。()4.WhatisthemaincauseoftherisingnumberofthehomelessintheU.S.?A.Thepassingofnewhousinglaws.B.Thefastgrowthoffamilysize.C.Theslowconstructionofhouses.D.Theever-risingpriceofhousing.【答案】：D【解析】：细节题，由fastrisinghouseprices,largecutsingovernmentsupportedhousingprograms,andeconomicrecession(经济衰退)可知选D。4