2023高考英语二轮复习高频阅读词组+练习二十一含解析20230232289

2021届高考英语高频阅读词组+练习（二十一）一：词组梳理1．occupyoneselfwith（in）忙于（某事）2．itoccurstosb.that…某人想到…3．bemadefrom由~~原料制成4．bemadeof由~~材料制成5．makeinto把~~制成，使~~转变为6．byoccasionof（=becauseof）由于7．onceandforall=onceandforever永远地allatonce（=suddenly，now）立即，马上onceinawhile（=occasionally）偶尔（just）foronce就这一次8．all）byoneself独自（没有别人帮助）9．bemadeupof由~~组成10．(makeoneselfathome随便，别拘束)11．makeout理解；辨认出；填写；开支票(+that:声称，假称)12．(makethebestof尽量利用；极为重视=makefulluseof)13．makeoff匆匆离开14．makeup弥补，修理；赔偿，补偿；起草；编造；化妆15．makeupfor弥补16．makewayfor为~~让路，让路于17．passaway去世,死(委婉说法)18．(passtheexamination通过考试)19．tosaynothingof（=nottomention）更不用说…20．dosth.atshortnotice只给很少时间准备21．untilfurthernotice在另行通知前22．takenoticeof（=payattention）注意23．objectto（=beopposedto）反对24．objectionto（接动名词）反对25．onoccasion（=nowandthen）不时地，必要时26．(makeafoolof愚弄，欺骗)27．(makeamistake弄错)\n1．(makeadvantages/useof使用，利用)2．makeafter追求，追赶3．operateonsb.给某人做手术operationn.comegointooperation开始运转putbringsth.intooperation使…投产，运转4．beoftheopinion持有…的看法5．inone'sopinion按某人的看法6．beopposedto…反对…7．beoppositeto与…相反的8．（be）inorder（=acceptable）合适的，恰当的inorder井井有条，处于良好状态；outoforder（=inbadcondition）出毛病，发生故障9．passby通过,从旁边经过10．passdown传下来,流传,使世代相传,一代一代传下去11．passon(tosb)转交给(某人),传给(某人)12．passout失去知觉,昏厥13．passthrough穿过,越过14．madetoorder定做的（衣服）15．originateinfrom（=begin）起源于，由……引起二：习题训练（A）Cruise(巡航)linesworldwidesuspendedsailingsMarch13becauseofthespreadofthecoronaviruspandemic.NowcompaniessuchasCarnivalandDisneyarepushingouttheirreturndatesandcancelingmoretrips,meaningpassengerscanreceivefullrefundsforthepriceoftheirtrips.Thosewhowanttotaketheirchancesandpostpone—eventhoughthere’snofirmdatewhenthispandemicwillend—canchoosetoreceiveacreditforafuturecruise.Justremember:Ifyouchooseacredit,youhavegivenupyourrefund.Cruisecompanieswantyoutostickwiththem,andareofferingextraperks(津贴)andcreditstokeepyouonboard.CarnivalCruisesOnWednesday,CarnivalCruisesannounceditwouldsuspendAlaskasailings\nthroughJune30andscrapallSanFranciscocruisesfortherestoftheyear.Typicalfive-daycruisesalongtheCaliforniacoastcalledatCatalinaIslandandEnsenada,Mexico,beforereturningtotheBayArea.ThecompanyalsocanceledcruisesaboardCarnivalRadiance(anupgradeoftheCarnivalVictory)throughNov.1,andCarnivalLegend,throughOct.30.CarnivalLegendtypicallysailsfromSeattletoAlaskainsummermonths.Passengerswhosetripshavebeencanceledmayoptforarefundorafuturecruisecredit.DisneyCruiseLineDisneyCruiseLineonMondayextendeditssuspensionforsailingsdepartinginApril.PassengerswhohadticketsonanyofitsfourshipsthroughApril28mayreceivearefundoracruisecreditforatripwithin15monthsoftheiroriginaldeparturedate,accordingtothecompany’swebsite.DisneyalsowarnedpassengersaboutsailingsaboardtheDisneyWonderthatarescheduledtoresumeApril29.Theitinerary(行程)callsforastopinVancouver,Canada,butCanadahascloseditsportsatleastthroughJuly1.1．Whatcanthepassengersselectiftheywanttocruiselater?A．RefundsB．CreditsC．PerksD．Chances.2．WhatdoweknowaboutCarnivalCruises?A．CarnivalLegendtypicallysailsfromSeattletoAlaskainwintermonths.B．Passengerswhosetripshavebeencanceledonlychooseafuturecruisecredit.C．CarnivalRadianceiscanceledthroughOct.30.D．SanFranciscocruiseswillbecanceledfortherestoftheyear.3．WhatmayhappenifyouhadticketsonanyoftheshipsofDisneyCruiseLine？A．YouwillreceiverefundsbeforeApril28.B．YourtripwillbedelayedtillJune.C．Youwillreceiveacruisecreditforatrip.D．YouwillreceiverefundsonApril29.（B）\nAtHarvardUniversity’sSandersTheater,fourNobellaureates(获奖者)waitonstagetopresentawards.1．(hold)annuallyatHarvard,theIgNobelPrizehonor10achievements—usuallyscientificresearchthatfirst2．(make)peoplelaugh,andthenthink.Scienceisoftenseen3．aformaldiscipline(学科)inwhichresearchersstudyweightyquestions.“The4．(tradition)viewisthatifthereisscienceandlaughtertogether,something’swrong.Andinfact,it’salmosttheopposite,”saysMarcAbrahams,founderoftheIgNobels.Quirky(古怪的)questionsandsimplecuriositycandrivemoreseriousscientific5．.(breakthrough).“Scientistsarereallykids.They’retheones6．arereallycurious.That’sanimportantaspectofscience,”saysDudleyHerschbach,whowontheNobelPrizeinChemistryin1986.Someofthemostfamousscientistsinhistoryhaveshownthatcuriosityabouttheworldaroundthem.CharlesDarwin,forexample,conducted7．hecalled“fool’sexperiment.”Sometimesexploratoryresearchcan8．(eventual)leadtobigdiscoveries,too.JohnO’Sullivandidn’taimat9．(shake)theworldwiththebackboneofmodernWi-Fiwhenhesetouttomakeobservationsthatwouldtestthetheoryofblackholes.“Scientificresearchisnotinventingnewsciencetoexplainthesephenomena,”saysanIgNobelPrize10．(win).“It’susingthesciencethat’sbeeninyourheadinawaythatyoudidn’texpectto.”答案及解析A【答案】1．B2．D3．C【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了许多邮轮因新冠疫情被取消后，乘客如何获得退款或信用额度。1．细节理解题。根据第二段中Thosewhowanttotaketheirchancesandpostpone—eventhoughthere’snofirmdatewhenthispandemicwillend—canchoosetoreceiveacreditforafuture\ncruise.可知那些想抓住机会推迟旅行的人，可以选择为未来的游轮之旅获得信用积分，即使这场流行病何时结束还没有确定的日期。由此可知，那些想以后进行游轮之旅的人可以选择获得积分。故选B。2．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句OnWednesday,CarnivalCruisesannounceditwouldsuspendAlaskasailingsthroughJune30andscrapallSanFranciscocruisesfortherestoftheyear.可知，嘉年华邮轮公司宣布，将在6月30日前暂停阿拉斯加航线，并在今年剩余时间内取消所有旧金山邮轮。由此可知，今年剩余时间的旧金山游轮将被取消。故选D。3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中PassengerswhohadticketsonanyofitsfourshipsthroughApril28mayreceivearefundoracruisecreditforatripwithin15monthsoftheiroriginaldeparturedate,accordingtothecompany’swebsite.可知根据该公司网站显示，在4月28日之前持有该公司四艘船中的任何一艘船票的乘客，可以在原出发日期的15个月内获得退款或邮轮积分。由此可知，如果你有迪士尼游轮的船票，你将会得到邮轮积分。故选C。B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“搞笑诺贝尔奖”，讲述了那些先让人发笑后又发人深省的科学研究的意义。1．考查过去分词作状语。句意：“搞笑诺贝尔奖”每年在哈佛大学举行，表彰10项科研成果，通常是那些先让人发笑后又发人深省的科学研究。分析句子可知，此处表示“搞笑诺贝尔奖”被举行，应用过去分词作状语，表示被动的动作。故填held。2．考查谓语动词。句意：“搞笑诺贝尔奖”每年在哈佛大学举行，表彰10项科研成果，通常是那些先让人发笑后又发人深省的科学研究。分析句子可知，此句为定语从句，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致，先行词为research，是单数形式，谓语动词应为第三人称单数形式。故填makes。3．考查固定搭配。句意：科学经常被视为一个研究人员研究重大问题的正式的学科。此处为“beseenas”意为“被看作”，是固定搭配。故填as。4．考查形容词。句意：传统的观点是，如果科学和笑声结合在一起，一定有问题。此处修饰名词view，应用形容词。故填traditional。5．考查名词复数。句意：古怪的问题和简单的好奇心可以带来更重大的科学突破。前面有形容词more修饰，应用名词复数形式。故填breakthroughs。6．考查定语从句关系词。句意：他们才是真正好奇的人。分析句子可知，句中先行词为the\nones，指代Scientists，是人，且在从句中充当主语成分，应用关系代词who或者that。故填who或者that。7．考查宾语从句连接词。句意：例如，查尔斯·达尔文进行了他所谓的“傻瓜实验”。根据句意和结构可知，动词conducted后面是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，用what引导。故填what。8．考查副词。句意：有时探索性的研究最终也能带来重大发现。此处修饰动词短语“leadto”，应用副词。故填eventually。9．考查动词。句意：约翰·奥沙利文在着手进行观测以验证黑洞理论时，并没有打算用现代Wi-Fi的骨干来震撼世界。此处位于介词at后面，应用动名词形式。故填shaking。10．考查名词。句意：“科学研究不是为了解释这些现象而发明新科学，”一位搞笑诺贝尔奖得主说。此处表示“一位搞笑诺贝尔奖得主”，应用名词单数形式。故填winner