2023高考英语二轮复习高频阅读词组+练习二十含解析20230232280

2021届高考英语高频阅读词组+练习（二十）一：词组梳理1．bear（orkeep）…inmind（=remember）牢记2．bring（orcall）tomind（=remember）使回想起3．bymistake（由于粗心，健忘原因而）错误地4．atthemoment（=now）此刻，现在forthemoment（=forthetimebeing）暂时5．Keepon(doingsth.)继续(反复)做某事6．lookfor寻找；期待，期望7．lookover从上面看过去；检查8．lookthrough透过~~看去；看穿；浏览9．keep…outof…使……不进入，挡住10．keepup坚持，不使(斗志)低落，保持，维持，继续11．keepupwith跟上12．(keepintouchwith与……联系)13．(keepfit保持健康)14．lookabout四下环顾；查看15．lookafter照顾，看管16．lookaround东张西望17．justamoment稍等片刻atthelastmoment在最后一刻18．inthemoodfor有情绪去做……，有心境做。19．nomore…than和…一样都不…20．forthemostpart多半，大多数，一般来说21．at（the）most最多，至多22．makethemostof充分利用23．benotmuchof（=notagood）不是很好的…besomethingof有点…，像…24．nameafter用…的名字命名25．nativeto所产的26．bynature天生的，生来27．inmature本质上28．（be）inthenatureof属…性质\n1．noneotherthat不是别人，正是…2．abovenormal高于正常（温度）3．lookdownon俯视；轻视4．lookforwardto盼望，期待5．lookinto窥视；调查；浏览6．looklike看起来象7．lookon旁观；面向8．lookout向外看；注意；当心，堤防9．fornothing（=free，withoutpayment）免费10．nothingbut只有，不过…而已11．hold…back阻止(经常是眼泪)12．holdon等一等(电话用语)13．holdout伸出14．holdup举起，阻挡，停顿15．Keepawayfrom避开，不接近16．(keeparecord作记录)17．keepback阻止，隐瞒不讲，留下18．keepoff使……不接近19．lookat注视，着眼于20．lookback回顾21．lookupto仰望，尊敬二：习题训练（A）Wetalkcontinuouslyabouthowtomakechildrenmore”resilient(有恢复力的)”，butwhateverweredoing,it'snotworking.Ratesofanxietydisordersanddepressionarerisingrapidlyamongteenagers.Whatarewedoingwrong?NassimTalebinventedtheword“antifragile”andusedittodescribeasmallbutveryimportantclassofsystemsthatgainfromshocks,challenges,anddisorder.Theimmunesystemisoneofthem:itrequiresexposuretocertainkindsofbacteriaandpotentialallergens(过敏源)inchildhoodinordertodeveloptoitsfull\nability.Children’ssocialandemotionalabilitiesareasantifragileastheirimmunesystems.Ifweoverprotectkidsandkeepthem“safe”fromunpleasantsocialsituationsandnegativeemotionswedeprive(剥夺)themofthechallengesandopportunitiesforskill-buildingtheyneedtogrowstrong.Suchchildrenarelikelytosuffermorewhenexposedlatertootherunpleasantbutordinarylifeevents,suchasteasingandsocialrejectionIt'snotthekidsfault.IntheUK,asintheUS,parentsbecamemuchmorefearfulinthe1980sand1990sascableTVandlatertheInternetexposedeveryone,moreandmore,tothoserareoccurrencesofcrimesandaccidentsthatnowoccurlessandless,Outdoorplayandindependentmobilitywentdown;screentimeandadult-monitoredactivitieswentup.Yetfreeplayinwhichkidsworkouttheirownrulesofengagement,takesmallrisks,andlearntomastersmalldangersturnsouttobevitalforthedevelopmentofadultsocialandevenphysicalcompetence,Deprivingthemoffreeplaypreventstheirsocial-emotionalgrowth.NorwegianplayresearchersEllenSandseterandLeifKennairwarned:“Wemayobserveanincreasedanxietyormentaldisordersinsocietyifchildrenareforbiddenfromparticipatinginageadequateriskyplay.”Theywrotethosewordsin2011.Overthefollowingfewyears,theirpredictioncametrue.Kidsbornafter1994aresufferingfrommuchhigherratesofanxietydisordersanddepressionthanthepreviousgenerationdid.Besides,thereisalsoariseintherateatwhichteenagegirlsareadmittedtohospitalfordeliberatelyharmingthemselves.Whatcanwedotochangethesetrends?Howcanweraisekidsstrongenoughtohandletheordinaryandextraordinarychallengesoflife?Wecan’tguaranteethatgivingprimaryschoolchildrenmoreindependencetodaywillbringdowntherateofteenagesuicidetomorrow.Thelinksbetweenchildhoodoverprotectionandteenagementalillnessaresuggestivebutnotclear-cut.Yettherearegoodreasonstosuspectthatbydeprivingournaturallyantifragilekidsofthewiderangeofexperiencestheyneedtobecomestrong,wearesystematicallypreventingtheir\ngrowth.Weshouldletgo-andletthemgrow.1．WhydoestheauthormentiontheimmunesysteminParagraph2?A．TostressitsimportanceB．ToanalyzethecauseofanxietyC．Toquestionthelatestdiscovery.D．Tohelpunderstandanewword2．Parentsoverprotectchildrenbecause_______A．theywanttokeepchildrenfrombeingteasedB．theyareconcernedabouttheirchildren'ssafetyC．parent-monitoredactivitiesareamustD．childrenarenotindependentenough3．Accordingtotheauthor,freeplaycan_________A．developchildren'sleadershipskillsB．strengthenchildren'sfriendshipC．reducechildren'sriskybehaviorD．promotechildren'sresilience4．Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthorprobablyagreewith?A．StoptryingtoperfectyourchildB．IttakesgreatcouragetoraisechildrenC．Preparethechildfortheroad,nottheroadforthechild.D．Whilewetrytoteachourchildrenallaboutlife,ourchildrenteachuswhatlifeisallabout.（B）Onaquietmorning,about70peoplewerepracticingtheancientartoftaichi,outsideofthelibraryinSaltLakeCity,Utah.Theyarenot1．well-trainedgroupofexercisers,butratheraclassofparticipantswhoare2．(most)homeless.Theclassfocuses3．(little)onmasteringtheexerciseandmoreon4．(build)acommunity.Peoplehavesaidtheclassrelievestheirstress,encouragesthemtogetintoaroutineandmakenewfriends.BernieandMaritaHart,a5．(retire)couple,begantorunthefreeprogramthreeyearsago.Theystarteditbyapproachinghomelesspeople6．werepushinggrocerycartsneartheSaltLakeCityPublicLibraryandinvitingthemtotry7．Hartsaidherfavoritepartoftheprogramhasbeenwatchingthefriendshipsamongparticipants.Theyloveseeingthepositiveimpacttheclass8．(have)onpeople's\nlives.WhentheHartsareoutoftown,taichidoesnotstop.Attendeestaketurnsteachingtheclasses."Homelesspeople9．(tell)whattodoeveryplacetheygo,butwewanttoencouragethemtobe10．(leader),"BernieHartsaid."Theydon'tneedsympathy,theyneedsomethingthatworks."答案及解析A【答案】DBDC【解析】本文是一篇议论文。主要内容是青少年焦虑症和抑郁症的比例正在迅速上升，是由于父母的过度保护，使得青少年缺少“适应力”，作者呼吁家长们懂得放手，让孩子们自己走。1．推理判断题。根据第二段的Theimmunesystemisoneofthem（免疫系统就是其中之一），此处说明免疫系统是前文提到的asmallbutveryimportantclassofsystems（很小但很重要的系统）之一，也就是用来帮助读者理解“antifragile”这个新词，故选D。2．细节理解题。根据第二段的weoverprotectkidsandkeepthem“safe”fromunpleasantsocialsituationsandnegativeemotions（我们过度保护孩子，让他们远离不愉快的社会环境和负面情绪），由此可知，父母过分保护孩子，因为他们担心孩子的安全，故选B。3．推理判断题。根据第五段的freeplayinwhichkidsworkouttheirownrulesofengagement,takesmallrisks,andlearntomastersmalldangersturnsouttobevitalforthedevelopmentofadultsocialandevenphysicalcompetence（孩子们在自由玩耍中制定自己的参与规则，承担小的风险，并学会掌握小的危险，这对成人社交能力甚至身体能力的发展是至关重要的）由此可知，自由玩耍可以增强儿童的适应力。故选D。4．推理判断题。由最后一段的Weshouldletgo-andletthemgrow.（我们应该放手，让他们成长。）可推知，作者可能同意的观点是让孩子为路做准备，而不是为孩子准备路。故选C。B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了伯尼·哈特和玛丽塔·哈特是一对退休夫妇。三年前，他们开始在犹他州盐湖城的图书馆外练习古老的太极，帮助无家可归的人。\n1．考查冠词。句意：他们不是一群训练有素的锻炼者，而是一群几乎无家可归的参与者。agroupof为固定短语，意为“一组，一队”，well-trained发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。2．考查副词。句意：他们不是一群训练有素的锻炼者，而是一群几乎无家可归的参与者。设空处修饰形容词homeless，需用副词。故填mostly。3．考查副词比较级。分析句子结构，设空处和more并列，需填比较级，修饰动词短语focuson。故填less。4．考查非谓语动词。设空处位于介词on后面，需用动名词作宾语。故填building。5．考查形容词。句意：伯尼·哈特和玛丽塔·哈特是一对退休夫妇，三年前开始运营这个免费项目。分析句子结构，设空处修饰名词couple，需用形容词作定语，retired意为“已退休的”。故填retired。6．考查定语从句。句意：他们通过接近在盐湖城公共图书馆附近推着购物车的无家可归者，并邀请他们尝试这个免费项目。分析句子结构，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词people，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who/that引导。故填who/that。7．考查代词。句意：他们通过接近在盐湖城公共图书馆附近推着购物车的无家可归者，并邀请他们尝试这个免费项目。分析句子结构，设空处指代上文提到的thefreeprogram，需用it作宾语。故填it。8．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：他们喜欢看到这门课对人们生活的积极影响。分析句子结构，theclass　　　8　　　(have)onpeople'slives是一个省略了that的定语从句，此处陈述客观事实，从句需用一般现在时，从句主语为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has。9．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：“无家可归的人到哪里都被告知要做什么，但我们想鼓励他们成为领导者，”伯尼·哈特说。此处陈述客观事实，需用一般现在时，homelesspeople和tell之间为被动关系，用被动语态，主语表示复数意义，谓语动词使用复数形式。故填aretold。10．考查名词。句意：“无家可归的人到哪里都被告知要做什么，但我们想鼓励他们成为领导者，”伯尼·哈特说。leader意为“领导”，是可数名词，该空需要用名词作表语，此处表示复数意义，用名词复数。故填leaders。