全国统考2023高考英语一轮复习练习必修5Unit1Gettingalongwithothers课时作业含解析20230325181

十三　必修5　Unit1　GettingalongwithothersⅠ.阅读理解A(2021·淄博模拟)Everytwoorthreemonths,ThyagoOhanagoesoutonthebusystreetsofViennawithasignsaying“FreeHugs”.Thehandsome32-year-oldBrazilian,whoworksininternationaltradeatIndia’sViennaembassy,choosesapopularsite,likethehistoricshoppingstreet,KaemtnerStrasse.Thereheopenshisarmstoanyonewhowantsaheartyembrace(拥抱).Hedoesitbecausebackin2012,whenhewasfeelingverystressedandanxiousduringavisittoParis,astrangergavehimafreehug.He’sneverforgottenhowitfilledhimwithunexpectedcalmandjoy.Forthosewhotakeuphisoffer,thehugmakesthemlaughandsmile.Butsometimesitdoesmore,aswhenanelderlywomaninatourgroupstoppedandwatchedhim.Thegroupmovedon,butsheremainedandasked,“CanIhaveahug?”“Ofcourseyoucan!”saidThyagowhowrappedhisarmsroundher.Whentheybroketheirembrace,shekeptholdingontohisshouldersandlookedintohiseyes.“Thankyou,”shesaid.“Ican’trememberthelasttimeIwashuggedthisway.”It’samemorythatstillmakesThyagoemotional.“Itwasareallypowerfulmomentofhumanconnection.It’swhyIkeepdoingit.”Ofourlivesenses,oursenseoftouchistheonethatismosteasilytakenforgranted.“Achildcanbebornblindordeafandhewillgrowupjustfine,”saysDavidJLinden,authorofTouch:TheScienceofHand,HeartandMind.“Yetifababyislackinginlovingsocialtouchforthefirsttwoyearsoflife,thenallsortsofdisastersunfold.”That’sonereasonwhywhenbabiesareborn,theyarenowusuallyplacedontheirmother’sskin. Lindensayshoweveryoudoit,“maximizingtouchinyourlifeisagoodthing”—whetherholdinghands,pettingadog,goingtothehairdresser,hugging\nourkids,ourpartnersorevenastranger.【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了拥抱可以对人产生良好的影响。1.WhydidThyagoOhanaofferfreehugstostrangers?A.Helongedforcalmandjoy.B.Hefeltstressedandupset.C.Hewantedotherstofeelconnectedandcared.D.Hehopedtohelpotherscuretheirdiseases.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第四段It’samemorythatstillmakesThyagoemotional.“Itwasareallypowerfulmomentofhumanconnection.It’swhyIkeepdoingit.”可推知,ThyagoOhana为陌生人提供免费拥抱,因为他想让其他人也感到相互联系和关心。故选C。2.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph5suggest?A.Oursenseoftouchisn’tsoimportant.B.Oursenseoftouchisundervalued.C.Oursenseoftouchdoesnogoodtous.D.Oursenseoftouchisthoughthighlyof.【解析】选B。词句猜测题。根据第五段中的画线句Ofourlivesenses,oursenseoftouchistheonethatismosteasilytakenforgranted.(在我们的感官中,触觉是最容易被认为是理所当然的)及下文Yetifababyislackinginlovingsocialtouchforthefirsttwoyearsoflife,thenallsortsofdisastersunfold.(然而,如果一个婴儿在出生后的头两年里缺乏爱的社交接触,那么各种各样的灾难就会出现。)可推知,画线句想要说明“我们的触觉被低估了。”故选B。3.WhatdoesDavidJLindenthinkofsocialtouch?A.Thewayofofferingsocialtouchcounts.B.Offeringhugsisthebestwaytogetsocialtouch.C.Blindkidswillbecuredaslongastheygetenoughsocialtouch.D.Manyproblemscanbetrackedbacktobabyhoodshortofsocialtouch.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第五段中DavidJLinden说的话Yetifababyislackinginlovingsocialtouchforthefirsttwoyearsoflife,thenallsortsofdisastersunfold.(然而,如果一个婴儿在出生后的头两年里缺乏爱的社交接触,\n那么各种各样的灾难就会出现。)可知,DavidJLinden认为很多问题可以追溯到婴儿时期缺乏社交接触。故选D。4.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Ahealthmagazine.　　B.Aresearchpaper.C.Aguidebook.D.Abiologytextbook.【解析】选A。推理判断题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了拥抱可以对人产生良好的影响。结合选项推知,这篇文章极可能来自Ahealthmagazine.(一本健康杂志)。故选A。BTodealwithachangingworld,wehavetochangeaswell.Transforminglandintofarmsremovesforestsandworsensclimatechange.Butweneedtogrowmorefoodtosupportagrowingglobalpopulation.Whatcanwedo?Scientistshavediscoveredthatplantsgrowbestunderacertaintypeoflight,whichcanbeprovidedbyredandblueLEDs.Thecombinationoftheselightsattherightlevelmakesaspacelookpink.Since“pinkhouses”supplytheirownlight,theydon’tneedtohavefragileglasswallsandceilings.Andtheycanbesetupanywhere,includingplacesthatdon’tgettheamountoflightgreenhousesneed.Sincepinkhousescanpackfoodinhugecolumns,oneofthesefarmsdoesn’tneedalotofland.Farmerscansetuppinkhousesincities.Theycompletelycontroltemperatureandlight,whichcanhelpsomeplantsgrowtwiceaswellinpinkhousesastheydointraditionalfarming.Pinkhousescanallowformanymoreharvestsperyearsincefarmingdoesn’thavetostopinthewinter.Eventhoughpinkhousesareagreatwaytogrowcrops,lightingandheatinganindoorspaceisveryexpensive.Itdoesn’tmakesensetogrowfoodsthattakeupalotofspaceorthatweneedtogrowlotsof,likewheat,rice,andcorn,inapinkhouse.Wewillstillneedtogrowthosecropsinfields.Wecanstartfarmingsmarter.Farmerswillusesatelliteimagerytofigureoutexactlywheretoplanteachcrop.Thinkofamixtureofjustthefightcrops,ratherthanarectangleofonetypeofplant.Sensorsinthefieldswillmeasurethesoil’swaterlevel,temperature,andchemicalcontent.Theywillevenbeabletodetectinsectsand\nsendoutnotificationstoasmartphoneapp.Irrigationsystemswillbetiedtoweatherforecastingprograms,allowingveryprecisewateringandcare,allcalculatedtogetthebestplantgrowthandyield.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。讲述了如何促进农业生产的两个措施,第一个措施是“粉房子”种植模式,第二个是农民采取更智能的种植模式。5.Fromthetext,weknowthatthepinkhouse　　　. A.coverslotsofspaceB.needsenoughsunlightC.ismadeofglassorplasticD.canmakeplantsgrowlarger【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段中Theycompletelycontroltemperatureandlight,whichcanhelpsomeplantsgrowtwiceaswellinpinkhousesastheydointraditionalfarming.可知他们完全控制温度和光线,这可以帮助一些植物在pinkhouses里比在传统农业中长大到两倍。由此可知,pinkhouses可以让植物长得更大。故选D。6.WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph4?A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.B.Emphasizetheadvantageofpinkhouses.C.Introduceanewtopicofthediscussion.D.Addsomebackgroundinformation.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第四段第一句Eventhoughpinkhousesareagreatwaytogrowcrops,lightingandheatinganindoorspaceisveryexpensive.和最后两句Wewillstillneedtogrowthosecropsinfields.Wecanstartfarmingsmarter.可知,虽然pinkhouse是一个好方法,但是费用很贵,农民依然需要在田野里种粮食,但是要采取更智能的种植方式,强调采取更智能的种植方式,接下来的内容是讲如何采取更智能的种植方式,由此判断出第四段的目的是提出一个新的讨论话题。故选C。7.Whatistheresultofthesmartfarming?A.Farmerswillhaveabetterharvest.B.Farmerscangrowdifferentplants.C.Farmersneedn’tcareabouttheweather.D.Plantscanprotectthemselvesagainstinsects.\n【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段中Theywillevenbeabletodetectinsectsandsendoutnotificationstoasmartphoneapp.Irrigationsystemswillbetiedtoweatherforecastingprograms,allowingveryprecisewateringandcare,allcalculatedtogetthebestplantgrowthandyield.可知它们甚至还能探测昆虫,并向智能手机应用发送通知。灌溉系统将与天气预报程序绑定,允许非常精确的浇水和护理,所有这些都能得到最佳的植物生长和产量。由此可知,智能农业的结果是农民将会有更好的收成。故选A。8.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.BuildingPinkhouses　B.FeedingtheFutureC.ChangingtheWorldD.GettingOutdoorFarmingSmart【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据第一段Todealwithachangingworld,wehavetochangeaswell.Transforminglandintofarmsremovesforestsandworsensclimatechange.Butweneedtogrowmorefoodtosupportagrowingglobalpopulation.Whatcanwedo?可知,为了应对一个不断变化的世界,我们也必须改变。把土地变成农田会砍伐森林,加剧气候变化。但是我们需要种植更多的粮食来养活不断增长的全球人口。我们能做什么?再结合全文讲述了如何促进农业生产的两个措施,第一个措施是“粉房子”种植模式,第二个是农民采取更智能的种植模式。所以短文的最佳标题为“保障未来粮食供给”。故选B。Ⅱ.阅读填句Therapeutic(治疗性的)writinginvolvesparticipatinginwritingactivitiestodealwithemotionalissues.Peopleworkunderthedirectionofatherapist(治疗学家)formostofthetime.　1　Inbothcases,participantsadoptexpressivewritingtoputdownthoughts,emotions,andotherexperiences. Therapeuticwritingcanbeusefulincaseswherepeoplehavedifficultycommunicatingbyothermeans.Aclientwhoishavingtroublewithasituation,forexample,mightwritealettertothepeopleinvolvedaspartoftherapy.　2　Besides,itworksonhowtoapproachthepeopleinreallifetosettletheissue. Exercisesintherapeuticwritingtypicallyencouragepeopletowriteforablockoftime,suchas15minutes.Theymaybeaskedtowriteabouttheirdaysorissues\ncomingupintheirlives.Inguidedtherapy,thetherapistmayreviewthewritinganddiscussitwiththepatient.　3　 Somepeoplekeepwritingregularjournalstosharewiththeirtherapistsandothers.　4　Therapistscanalsouseelectronicjournalstohelppatientsbetweensessions,lookingatwhatthey’rewritingaboutandidentifyingspecificissuestodiscussintherapy. 　5　Peoplemaykeeppersonaljournalsordiariesintendedfortheirprivateuse,wheretheycandescribeeventsandexploreemotions.Someaddaself-directedgrouptherapyaspectaswellbysharingtheirwritingwithfriendswhocanprovideadvice. A.Someofusthinkthatwritingisonlyforwriters.B.Thereareinformalapproachestowritingastherapy.C.Participantscanbenefitfromtherapeuticwritingexercises.D.Sometimestheycanstartawritingprogramindependently.E.Ofcourse,patientscantalkabouttheemotionsthatcomeupwhilewriting.F.Thiswritingcanhelphimorherexpressgoalsandadesiredresultclearly.G.Othersmaykeepanonlinewritingjournalandonlyallowhisorhertherapisttoread.【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了一种处理情绪的办法——治愈写作法。1.【解析】选D。根据上文Peopleworkunderthedirectionofatherapistformostofthetime.可知,大多数情况下他们在治疗学家的指导下工作,根据逻辑推理可知,剩下的时间可能不需要指导。D.Sometimestheycanstartawritingprogramindependently.有时他们可以独立开始写作,承接上文,故选D。2.【解析】选F。根据上文Aclientwhoishavingtroublewithasituation,forexample,mightwritealettertothepeopleinvolvedaspartoftherapy可知,例如,一个有问题的客户,可以写一封信给当事人,作为治疗的一部分;再根据下文Besides,itworksonhowtoapproachthepeopleinreallifetosettletheissue.可知,此外,它致力于如何接近现实中的人们来解决问题。由此可知,上句应该是客户写信的作用。F.Thiswritingcanhelphimorherexpressgoalsandadesiredresultclearly.这种写作可以帮助他或她清楚地表达目标和期望的结果。承上启下,故选F。\n3.【解析】选E。根据上文Inguidedtherapy,thetherapistmayreviewthewritinganddiscussitwiththepatient.可知,在指导治疗中,治疗师可能会回顾文章,并与患者讨论。由此推断下文应该是治疗师和患者之间的互动。E.Ofcourse,patientscantalkabouttheemotionsthatcomeupwhilewriting.当然,病人可以谈论在写作时出现的情绪。承接上文,故选E。4.【解析】选G。上文Somepeoplekeepwritingregularjournalstosharewiththeirtherapistsandothers.可知,有些人坚持定期写日志,与他们的治疗师和其他人分享。G.Othersmaykeepanonlinewritingjournalandonlyallowhisorhertherapisttoread.还有一些人可能在网上写日记,但只允许他或她的治疗师阅读。根据这两句Somepeople和Others的线索,选项G引起下文,故选G。5.【解析】选B。根据最后一段中Peoplemaykeeppersonaljournalsordiariesintendedfortheirprivateuse可知,人们可能会保留个人日志或为私人使用的日记;再根据Someaddaself-directedgrouptherapyaspectaswellbysharingtheirwritingwithfriendswhocanprovideadvice.有些人加入了团体治疗,并与朋友分享作品,朋友们可以提供建议。由此可知文章最后一段讲的是人们写作的方法,B.Thereareinformalapproachestowritingastherapy.有一些非正式的写作方法可以作为治疗,总结全段,故选B。Ⅲ.语法填空　　Theconceptofthecrossbow(弩)developedfromanimaltraps.1.__________isdifficulttoestablishthedateofthefirstdevelopmentofthecrossbowasaweapon.AscientistnamedE.M.Grosserdiscoveredabronzepistol(手枪)—likeversion2.__________RobertTemplelsaidcouldhavebeenfromtheeighthorninthcenturyBCoreven3.__________(early).TherearereferencestothecrossbowinChinainthesixthcenturyBC.BythefourthcenturyBCmilitaryleaderswererelying4.__________(strong)oncrossbow—armedforces.OneHanprincespokein336BCofhaving5.__________(thousand)ofcrossbowsforhisarmy. Thecrossbowhadtheadvantageofnotonly6.__________(send)anarrowwithenoughforcetocutthroughbodyarmor(盔甲)7.__________itsarrows,beingshort,couldnotbeshotbackbybowmen.Overthedecadesthecrossbowwasimprovedupon.Thetrigger(触发)mechanismswerecastoutofbronzeandbecameascomplicatedasthoseofamoderngun.Rectangularframes(矩形框架)wereattachedtothefrontandbackof\nthecrossbowassights8.__________(make)iteasiertoaim. Thestrengthofthebowonacrossbowmadeitdifficulttoprepareforfiring.Thisdevice9.__________(enable)thebowmantohookthebow—stringoverthebowandusehislegstopushagainstthebow.Laterlargercrossbows10.__________(build)toshootmultiplearrowsatatime. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了弩的来历、发展、工作原理以及在军事上的应用。1.【解析】It。考查it作形式主语。句意:很难确定首先把弩发展成武器的日期。根据句意和句子结构可知,此处是固定句型:Itis+adj.+todosth.“做某事是……”,其中it是形式主语,不定式是真正的主语。故填It。2.【解析】which/that。考查定语从句。句意:一位名叫E.M.Grosser的科学家发现了一种类似的青铜版手枪,RobertTemplel说这可能来自公元前8或9世纪,甚至更早。分析句子可知,设空处引导定语从句,关系词代替先行词abronzepistol-likeversion在从句中充当主语,应用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。3.【解析】earlier。考查副词比较级。句意:一位名叫E.M.Grosser的科学家发现了一种类似的青铜版手枪,RobertTemplel说这可能来自公元前8或9世纪,甚至更早。分析句子可知,此处应用副词作时间状语,结合句意和even可知用比较级符合语境。故填earlier。4.【解析】strongly。考查副词。句意:直到公元前4世纪,军队领导者非常依赖弩兵。分析句子可知,设空处应填副词,修饰动词短语relyingon。故填strongly。5.【解析】thousands。考查固定短语。句意:公元前336年,一个汉朝的王子曾说他的军队拥有成千上万的弩。根据句意可知,此处是固定短语thousandsof“成千上万的”。故填thousands。6.【解析】sending。考查动名词。句意:弩的优势不仅在于可以射出足够力量的箭来刺穿盔甲,而且还在于它的箭很短,弓箭手无法反击。分析句子可知,此处应用send的动名词sending作为介词of的宾语。故填sending。7.【解析】but。考查固定搭配。句意:弩的优势不仅在于可以射出足够力量的箭来刺穿盔甲,而且还在于它的箭很短,弓箭手无法反击。根据句意可知,此处是固定搭配notonly...but(also)...“不但……而且……”,其中also可省略。故填but。8.【解析】tomake。考查非谓语动词。句意:矩形框架被安装在弩的前后作为瞄准镜,使弩更容易瞄准。分析句子可知,\n“矩形框架被安装在弩的前后作为瞄准镜”的目的是“使弩更容易瞄准”,故此处应用不定式作目的状语。故填tomake。9.【解析】enabled。考查时态。句意:该装置可以使弓箭手将弓弦挂在弓上,用腿抵住弓。分析句子可知,设空处是该句的谓语动词,结合全文内容可知,本文陈述过去的事情,应用一般过去时。故填enabled。10.【解析】werebuilt。考查时态和语态。句意:后来,可以同时发射多支箭的、更大的弩被制造了。分析句子可知,设空处是该句的谓语动词,本文陈述过去的事情,应用一般过去时,主语crossbows和build之间是被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态;主语是复数,be动词用were。故填werebuilt。书面表达假定你是校学生会主席李华,你校邀请了卫生专家通过微信视频方式讲解预防新冠肺炎的知识。请你以学生会的名义给你校交换生写一份书面通知,告知他们相关情况。内容包括:1.讲座时间;2.按时收看并做笔记;3.最后10分钟可提出问题与卫生专家互动。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。参考词汇:新冠肺炎COVID-19;微信视频WeChatvideoNotice____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________TheStudents’UnionJune30th,2020【参考范文】NoticeInordertostopCOVID-19spreadingamongus,avitallecturebyahealthexpertwillbeheldviaWeChatvideothisFriday.Itbeginsat9:00a.m.andlastsabout\nanhour.Pleasepreparesomequestionsinadvance.Beforetheendofthelecture,tenminuteswillbeleftforyoutointeractwiththeexpert.Alltheexchangestudentsareexpectedtoparticipateinitandmeanwhiletakegoodnotes.Youwillsurelybenefitfromthismeaningfullecture.Pleasebeontime.Thanks!TheStudents’UnionJune30th,2020Ⅰ.阅读理解OnaWednesdayafternoonintheEagerRoadofOceolaTownship,Michigan,whenacarshowednosignofmovementatastopsign,majorityofthemotoristshonkedwildly.Annoyedbytheinconveniencethecarwascausing,themotoristssimplydrovearoundthecarandleft.Fortunately,a16-year-oldmotorist,MaxGreenwoodofHowellHighhadthehearttohopoffhistruckandfindoutwhat’sreallygoingon.Becauseofhisaction,Maxwasabletoinspiretwootherwomentorushoverthestoppedcarandhelpoutthedriver.Asitturnedout,thedriverofthestoppedcarwasdistressed.Initially,thethreedidnothaveaclueaboutthedriver’salarmingsituation.Whenthedrivergatheredenoughstrengthtosharewhathappened,Maxandthetwowomenquicklyassistedhim.“Hetoldthewomenhethoughthisbloodsugarwaslow.Hegotprogressivelyworse.OneofthewomengavehimaCoketohelphissugarlevels,butIcouldtellitwasn’thelping,soIcalled911.”Maxsaid.ThankstothequickthinkingandactionsofMaxandthetwowomen,helparrivedwithinafewminutesandthedriverwastransportedtoahospital.Accordingtothefirstmedicalresponders,themanwassufferingfromatypeofmedicalepisodethatmustbeaidedimmediately.ItishorribletothinkwhatcouldhavehappenedifMaxdidnotconcernhimselfwiththereasonwhythecarwasnotmovingandsimplymindedhisownbusiness.Max\nmayjustbea16-year-oldstudentintheeyesofsomepeople.Butforthemanhehassaved,hesurelyisamodernherowithagoldenheart.Mayhisstoryinspireustoshareabitofourtimetohelpthepeoplewecrosspathswith!Inthisdayandage,whenalotofkidsdon’tthinkaboutanyonebutthemselves,hesteppedupanditmadeadifference.【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要记叙了16岁的MaxGreenwood和另外两名妇女没有只顾自己,帮助了一位在路上突发疾病的司机的故事,他的故事告诉了我们无私和责任的重要性。1.Howdidmostmotoristsreacttothestoppedcar?A.Theygotofftofindoutwhatwasup.B.Theywaitedimpatientlyforthedriver.C.Theyfeltannoyedandbypassedthecar.D.Theyblamedthedriverfortheinconvenience.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段中Annoyedbytheinconveniencethecarwascausing,themotoristssimplydrovearoundthecarandleft.可知被汽车造成的不便惹恼了,司机们干脆绕过汽车离开了。故选C。2.Whathappenedtothedriverofthestoppedcar?A.Hedidn’tnoticethetrafficsignals.B.Hiscarbrokedownatthecrossing.C.Hewasexhaustedandfellasleep.D.Hewasattackedbyasuddenillness.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段中Asitturnedout,thedriverofthestoppedcarwasdistressed.以及第四段中Hetoldthewomenhethoughthisbloodsugarwaslow.Hegotprogressivelyworse.可知,那辆停了的车的司机突然生病了。故选D。3.WhatcanweknowaboutMaxGreenwood?A.Heisaheroworthadmiring.B.Heisjustasmallchildofhonesty.C.Heisfamiliarwiththedriver.D.Heknowsmuchaboutthefirstaid.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段中Maxmayjustbea16-year-oldstudentinthe\neyesofsomepeople.Butforthemanhehassaved,hesurelyisamodernherowithagoldenheart.可知在某些人眼里,Max可能只是个16岁的学生。但对于他所拯救的人来说,他无疑是一个有着金子般的心的现代英雄。结合上文Max帮助了生病的司机,由此可推知,MaxGreenwood是一个值得钦佩的英雄。故选A。4.Whatdoesthestorymainlyconvey?A.Loveanddevotion.B.Selflessnessandresponsibility.C.Braveryandgenerosity.D.Warm-heartandprofession.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段中Mayhisstoryinspireustoshareabitofourtimetohelpthepeoplewecrosspathswith!Inthisdayandage,whenalotofkidsdon’tthinkaboutanyonebutthemselves,hesteppedupanditmadeadifference.可知愿他的故事激励我们分享一点我们的时间来帮助与我们相遇的人!在这个时代,很多孩子只关心自己,不为别人着想,他挺身而出,这件事起到了重要作用。结合文章主要记叙了16岁的MaxGreenwood和另外两名妇女没有只顾自己,帮助了一位在路上突发疾病的司机的故事,他的故事告诉了我们无私和责任的重要性。由此可推知,这个故事主要传达了无私和责任。故选B。Ⅱ.完形填空(2021·广西模拟)　　Mostofusrememberourteachers.Oneortwomightslipthe　1　,buteventhemostunimportantoneshavesome　2　onus.Thentherearethosewhoremainguidesforlife.FormetherewasDrWylie—hisunusualwaysthrewnew　3　onmaths.AndmyEnglishteacher,DrParry,　4　myscienceandmaths-focusedbraintothejoysofliterature.Ididn’trealizeitatthetime,butthosetwo　5　shapedmyfuture. 　　AsajournalistI　6　majorevents,butIcaredonlyshallowly.Nowasateacher,Icommunicatewithjustagroupofteenagers,butIcare　7　:thosestrugglingtomakefriends,those　8　inwiththewrongcrowdorthosedoingbrilliantly.Ihavemadethem　9　poemsbyheartandwearegoingtobelisteningtoclassicalmusic.　10　,Iamtryingtobuilduptheirculturalcapital,tobroadentheireyesand\nto　11　themtoworldsbeyondtheirown. 　　I’vefoundthatmostpeopledon’tthinkofteachingasbeingquiteas　12　aswritingfornewspapers.Tellpeopleyouareajournalist,andatleastsomewill　13　itinteresting.　14　youtellsomeoneyouareateacher,youcanseememoriesoftheirschooldays　15　back,andfearflashintheireyes.Soteachingisn’tforthefaint-hearted(胆怯的).Itcanbe　16　work—butisthereanythingworthwhileinlifethatisn’t?Someclassescanbe　17　attimes.Butdon’tbelievehowterribleandself-centredteenagersare.Theyare　18　andfullofpotential.Itismyjob—andmy　19　pleasure—tohelpthemachieveitandtogivethemthesolid　20　thatwillletthemblossom. 【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者本来是一位很成功的记者,可是热爱教育的他最终投身于教育事业。他勇敢地面对人们对教师的偏见,甘为人梯育桃李。1.A.memory　　　　　　　B.earC.handD.ability【解析】选A。句意:有一两个可能会忘记,但即使是最不重要的也会对我们产生影响。memory记忆;ear耳朵;hand手;ability能力。此处指众多老师中,一两个老师可能会被忘记,slipthememory/mind为固定用法,意为“遗忘”。故选A。2.A.expectationB.expressionC.influenceD.reaction【解析】选C。expectation预期,期望;expression表现,表达;influence影响;reaction反应,反作用。根据常识和下文DrWylie和DrParry的例子可知,老师对学生有影响。故选C。3.A.lightB.doubtC.questionD.blame【解析】选A。句意:对我来说,Wylie博士与众不同的方法为数学研究提供了新的思路。light光,光线;doubt怀疑;question问题;blame责备。此处指Wylie博士的不同寻常的方法使数学变得较容易理解。throwlightonsth.意为“使(问题等)明了、较容易理解”。故选A。4.A.sentB.openedC.askedD.helped【解析】\n选B。句意:我的英语老师Parry博士让我专注于科学和数学的大脑沉浸在文学的乐趣中。sent送,寄出;opened打开;asked问,询问;helped帮助。openone’sbrain/mindtosth.意为“使某人意识到某事”。故选B。5.A.studentsB.colleaguesC.workersD.teachers【解析】选D。句意:虽然我当时并没有意识到,但是这两位老师塑造了我的未来。students学生;colleagues同事;workers工人;teachers老师。此处指上文提到的Wylie博士和Parry博士两位老师,故选D。6.A.livedwithB.dealtwithC.foughtwithD.camewith【解析】选B。句意:作为一名记者,我处理重大事件,但我只是肤浅地关心。livedwith忍受,住在一起;dealtwith处理;foughtwith与……并肩战斗;camewith伴随……发生,从……开始。此处指处理重大事件,故选B。7.A.typicallyB.interestinglyC.deeplyD.powerfully【解析】选C。句意:现在作为教师,我仅仅和一群青少年打交道,但是我深入地关注。typically典型地,有代表性地;interestingly有趣地;deeply非常,深深地;powerfully强大地,强烈地。此处和上句onlyshallowly对比,指不再是肤浅地关心,而是深入地关注。故选C。8.A.takingB.givingC.fillingD.falling【解析】选D。句意:我深入地关注那些学生:那些努力交友的人、和不良人群交往者、表现出色者。taking拿,取得;giving给,赠送;filling装满,充满;falling落下,进入(某状态)。fallinwith意为“与……交往”。故选D。9.A.learnB.loseC.breakD.organize【解析】选A。句意:我让他们熟记诗歌,而且我们打算听古典音乐。learn学习,得知;lose失去;break打破,破坏;organize组织。learnbyheart“记住,背诵”。故选A。10.A.InsightB.InshortC.IncashD.Inorder【解析】选B。句意:总之,我在尽力增加学生的文化财富,\n开阔他们的眼界并把他们带入到他们世界之外的世界。Insight在即,被看到;Inshort总之,简言之;Incash用现金;Inorder整齐,按顺序。此处是对作者前面做法的总结,故选B。11.A.introduceB.applyC.contributeD.settle【解析】选A。句意:总之,我在尽力增加学生的文化财富,开阔他们的眼界并把他们带入到他们世界之外的世界。introduce介绍,引进;apply申请,应用;contribute贡献,有助于;settle解决,定居。此处指作者想方设法把学生们带入到他们世界之外的世界,故选A。12.A.permanentB.well-paidC.attractiveD.shocking【解析】选C。句意:我发现大多数人认为教学不像给报社写稿那么有吸引力。permanent永久的;well-paid高薪的;attractive有吸引力的;shocking令人震惊的,可怕的。根据Tellpeopleyouareajournalist,andatleastsomewill　　　itinteresting.和人们对两种职业的对比可知老师不像记者那样有吸引力,故选C。 13.A.keepB.proveC.wantD.consider【解析】选D。句意:告诉人们你是记者,至少有一些人会认为它很有趣。keep保持;prove证明;want想要;consider考虑,认为。此处是人们对记者的看法,故选D。14.A.IfB.UnlessC.BecauseD.Where【解析】选A。句意:如果你告诉某人你是教师,你会看到他们对学生时代的回忆涌上心头,恐惧在他们眼中闪过。If如果;Unless除非;Because因为;Where在……的地方。根据前后逻辑可知此处表示假设,故选A。15.A.bringB.stepC.floodD.look【解析】选C。句意:如果你告诉某人你是教师,你会看到他们对学生时代的回忆涌上心头,恐惧在他们眼中闪过。bring带来;step走,踏;flood淹没,泛滥;look看。此处指大量涌入,故选C。16.A.easyB.amusingC.comfortableD.tough【解析】选D。句意:教学是艰难的工作。easy容易的;amusing有趣的,\n好玩的;comfortable舒服的;tough艰苦的,困难的。根据常识且与下文butisthereanythingworthwhileinlife构成转折关系可知,故选D。17.A.friendlyB.commonC.challengingD.natural【解析】选C。句意:有时一些课堂很有挑战性,但是不要相信青少年是多么糟糕和以自我为中心。friendly友好的;common共同的,普通的;challenging挑战的;natural自然的。根据常识和转折词But后的内容可知教学有挑战性,故选C。18.A.unwiseB.amazingC.foolishD.careless【解析】选B。句意:他们令人惊叹并且充满潜能。unwise不明智的;amazing令人惊异的;foolish愚蠢的;careless粗心的。根据fullofpotential可知学生们的表现令人惊叹,故选B。19.A.slightB.possibleC.quickD.absolute【解析】选D。句意:帮助他们实现自己的潜能并且给他们提供绽放的牢固根基——这是我的工作,也是我全部的快乐。slight轻微的;possible可能的;quick迅速的;absolute完全的,全部的。作者作为老师感到快乐,帮助学生成长是老师全部的快乐。故选D。20.A.serviceB.rootsC.mottoesD.roles【解析】选B。service服务;roots根,根源;mottoes座右铭,格言;roles角色,任务。根据thatwillletthemblossom.可知此处指让学生绽放的牢固根基,故选B。【知识拓展】【背景链接】　　“桃李不言,下自成蹊”是一个汉语成语,原意是桃树和李树不主动招引人,但人们都来看它们开出的鲜花,采摘它们结出的果实,在树下走成了一条小路。比喻只要为人品德高尚、诚实、正直,不用自我宣传,也自然能受到人们的尊重和敬仰。Ⅲ.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。\n修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。Oneday,mySpanishteacheraskedifIcouldstayafterclassforaminute,thatgotmenervousasIthoughtIwasinthetroubleforsomething.ItturnedoutshesawmypaperworkandrealizeIwasontheboardoftheKEYclub.Shetoldmethatherson,Abraham,wasautistic(患自闭症的)buthisdoctorhadsuggestedhejoinaserviceclubtohelpwithhersocialization.SheaskedifitwouldbeimpossibleformetospeakwiththerestoftheboardoflettingAbrahamjoin.IimmediatelysaidIwould,andtherestoftheboardenthusiasticaboutAbraham;atanyactivitywedidtheyallencouragedhim,satwithhim,andchattedwithhim,madesurehewashavingthebesttime.Itwasrealbeautifultosee.【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了西班牙语老师询问作者是否可以让自己患有自闭症的儿子Abraham加入KEY俱乐部,作者答应了,俱乐部的人都对Abraham很热情友好。1.【解析】第一句that→which。考查定语从句。句意:一天,我的西班牙语老师问我能不能下课后多待一会儿,这让我很紧张,因为我觉得我有麻烦了。此处为非限制性定语从句,修饰上文整个句子,且从句中缺少主语,that不能引导非限制性定语从句,故用关系代词which。故that改为which。2.【解析】第一句去掉the。考查固定短语。句意同上。结合句意可知此处表示“有麻烦”,短语为introuble。故去掉the。3.【解析】第二句realize→realized。考查动词时态。根据上文shesawmypaperworkand可知and连接并列谓语,故realize应用一般过去时。故realize改为realized。4.【解析】第三句but→and。考查连词。句意:她告诉我,她的儿子Abraham患有自闭症,他的医生建议他加入一个服务俱乐部,以帮助他的社交。结合句意可知上下文为承接关系,应用连词and。故but改为and。5.【解析】第三句her→his。考查代词。患有自闭症的是Abraham,因此是帮助“他的”社交,应用代词his。故her改为his。6.【解析】第四句impossible→possible。考查形容词。句意:她问我是否有可能和其他董事会成员谈谈让Abraham加入的事情。西班牙语老师想让儿子Abraham加入俱乐部,因此是询问“是否可能”,应用possible。故impossible改为possible。\n7.【解析】第四句board后的of→about。考查介词。句意同上。结合句意可知此处表示“与某人谈论某事”,短语为speakwithsb.aboutsth.。故board后的of改为about。8.【解析】第五句board后添加were。考查动词时态和固定搭配。句意:董事会的其他成员都对Abraham很热情。表示“对……热情”短语为beenthusiasticabout...,此处事情发生在过去,应用一般过去时,且主语为therestoftheboard,谓语动词应用复数形式。故board后添加were。9.【解析】第五句made→making。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知make在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语they构成主动关系,故用现在分词。故made改为making。10.【解析】第六句real→really。考查副词。修饰形容词beautiful应用副词really。故real改为really。Ⅳ.书面表达(2021·唐山模拟)　　假定你是李华,在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间,你的英国笔友Jason对你一直很关心。现在请你给他写封邮件,内容包括:1.对Jason表示感谢;　2.疫情中身边的感动;3.疫情带给你的思考。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。参考词汇:新型冠状病毒肺炎COVID-19DearJason,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【参考范文】DearJason,　　Thankyouforyourconcern,whichwasagreatcomforttomeinthedifficult\ntime.　　TheoutbreakofCOVID-19sawmoreofpeople’shopeandlovethanfear.Ourteacherschallengedthemselvesbysupplyinguswithtimelyonlinelessonspreparedwithdevotion.Manysocialworkersworkeddayandnightwithoutgoinghome,puttingthepeoplebeforetheirownfamilies.　　Weareveryclosetobeatingthevirusandnowbacktoschool,butweshouldneverforgetthepricewehavepaid.Wearesupposedtoliveinharmonywithnatureandcaremoreaboutpublichealthcrisis.　　Thanksagainforbeingthereforme.Yours,LiHua