全国统考2023高考英语一轮复习练习必修5Unit2Theenvironment课时作业含解析20230325182

十四　必修5　Unit2　TheenvironmentⅠ.阅读理解A(2021·滨州模拟)Afirst-yearundergraduatestudentinChengdu,recentlycomplainedonlinethathermotherrefusedtoraisehermonthlyallowanceto4,500yuan($633)evenwhenshesaidhercurrentallowance2,000yuanwasnotenoughtocoverherexpenses,sparkingadebateonhowmuchmoneyacollegestudentneedspermonth.OneexpertshareshisviewsontheissuewithChinaDaily:Studentsshouldpursueeducation,notcomfort.Evenforacollegestudentstudyinginafirst-tiercityinChina,2,000yuanisenoughtocoverallhisorhermonthlyexpenses.Infact,foracollegestudentinChengduamonthlyallowanceof2,000yuanismorethanenough.Accordingtoasurveyconductedbyabookkeepingplatform,theaveragemonthlyexpenseforanundergraduateincitiesotherthanBeijing,ShanghaiandHangzhouwaslessthan2,000yuanin2019;forChengdu,itwas1,900yuan.Claimingthatshecanhardlyaffordnewclothingandcosmeticswithher2,000yuanmonthlyallowance,theundergraduatestudentinChengducriticizedhermotherforrefusingtoraiseherpocketmoney.Her“meager”allowance,shesaid,preventedherfrombuyingbrandedgoodsthatherhostel-matesenjoyed.Bythetimeapersonentersacollege,sheorheshouldhavedevelopedahealthyconsumptionhabit.Andayouthshouldadjustherorhisconsumptionaccordingtoherorhisfamilyincome.Onadeeperlevel,themoneytheyspendincollegeshoulddependonhowmuchtheyvaluetheirparents’hardwork.Besides,somecollegestudentscouldtakeUPpart-timejobstomeettheirmonetaryneedsiftheyfeeltheirparentsdon’torcan’tsendthemenoughmoney.Inthiswaytheycanalsolearntomeettherequirementsoflifeinthefutureanddevelophealthyconsumptionhabits.Moreimportantly,theyshouldalwaysbearinmindthateducationistheirtop\npriorityincollege.【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了大学生在校每月的生活费开销以及人们对此的看法。1.What’stheexpert’sattitudetotheissueabouttheundergraduatestudent?A.Hewascritical.　　B.Hewasneutral.C.Hewassupportive.D.Hewasunconcerned.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章第一段中OneexpertshareshisviewsontheissuewithChinaDaily:Studentsshouldpursueeducation,notcomfort.(一位专家与《中国日报》分享了他对这个问题的看法:学生应该追求教育,而不是安逸。)可判断出,专家对这位大学生的做法是持批评态度的。故选A。2.In2019,theundergraduates’averagemonthlyexpenseinHangzhouwas_______. A.morethan2,000yuanB.633dollarsC.lessthan2,000yuanD.1,900yuan【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第二段中Accordingtoasurveyconductedbyabookkeepingplatform,theaveragemonthlyexpenseforanundergraduateincitiesotherthanBeijing,ShanghaiandHangzhouwaslessthan2,000yuanin2019.(据一个记账平台开展的一项调查显示,2019年,北京、上海和杭州以外的城市大学生月平均消费不足2000元。)可知,2019年杭州大学生每月的消费不低于2000元。故选A。3.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“meager”inParagraph3?A.Empty.B.Pitiful.C.Mean.D.Fruitful.【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据文章第三段中preventedherfrombuyingbrandedgoodsthatherhostel-matesenjoyed(阻止她购买她的室友喜欢的名牌商品)可知,她认为父母给的零花钱很少,很“可怜的”,不够花。故“meager”应意为“可怜的”。故选B。4.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Collegestudentsshouldkeeptheirexpensesinlinewiththeirfamilyconditions.B.Collegestudentsconsumptionlevelisdeterminedbytheirparents.C.Collegestudentsshouldtakeupapart-timejobtocovertheirexpenses.\nD.Collegestudentsshoulddealwiththeirlivingexpensesproblemsreasonably.【解析】选D。段落大意题。最后一段主要讲述了大学生应该合理地处理他们的生活费用问题。故选D。【知识拓展】长难句分析Afirst-yearundergraduatestudentinChengdu,recentlycomplainedonlinethathermotherrefusedtoraisehermonthlyallowanceto4,500yuan($633)evenwhenshesaidhercurrentallowance2,000yuanwasnotenoughtocoverherexpenses,sparkingadebateonhowmuchmoneyacollegestudentneedspermonth.(第一段第一句)分析:本句是主从复合句。Afirst-yearundergraduatestudentinChengdu,recentlycomplainedonlinethat是主句,后面含有complain的宾语从句。宾语从句中whenshesaidhercurrentallowance2,000yuanwasnotenoughtocoverherexpenses,是when引导的时间状语从句,状语从句中含有said的宾语从句。sparkingadebateonhowmuchmoneyacollegestudentneedspermonth是现在分词短语作结果状语,后面howmuchmoneyacollegestudentneedspermonth是on的宾语从句。翻译:一个在成都一年级的本科学生,最近在网上抱怨她的母亲拒绝提高她的每月津贴至4500元(633美元),即使她说她目前津贴2000元不足以支付她的费用,引发讨论大学生每月需要多少钱。BIt’snosecretthatthere’sanabundanceoffascinatingplacestovisitinJapan.Butasyouplanyourtrip,don’toverlooktheall-importantquestion:WhatdoIwanttodo?FindthethemedcafeofyourdreamsYoumightdislikethecommoncafes,butJapan’sareinadifferentleaguealtogether.There’sacafeorrestaurantforeveryinterest.Maybeyouwanttopetcats,eatwhilesurroundedbyyourfavoritecartooncharacters,ordineinaprisoncell.Wearakimono(和服)Theseelegantpiecesoftraditionalclothingareoftenpasseddownthroughthegenerationsofafamily,andnewonescostthousandsofdollars.Luckilyfortourists,moreandmorerentalshopsareturningupintraditionaldistrictsinTokyo.\nThesestoresofferone-dayorovernightrentalformenandwomen,givingyoujustenoughtimetotakesomephotosaroundtown.Watchasumo(相扑)matchBeingoneofJapan’soldestsports,sumoisamartialartunlikeanyother.Tournamentsareheldinmultiplelocationsthroughouttheyear.InTokyo,youcancatchthemattheRyogokuKokugikaninJanuary,May,andSeptember.JoinateaceremonyTheceremonyisakindoftraditionalJapaneseideal,makingitoneofthebestwaystoexperienceJapaneseculture.Anexperiencedhostwillguideyouthrougheachstep,andyouwillsampleatraditionalsweetandoneormorekindsoftea.【文章大意】本文介绍了在日本旅游时可以做的几件事情。5.Whatcanyoudoinathemedcafe?A.Haveadream.B.Watchmatches.C.Takeenoughphotos.D.Havedinnerinaprisonroom.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据主题咖啡馆介绍中的第三句,可知在日本的主题咖啡馆,你可以像在监狱牢房一样的房间里用餐,故答案为D。6.WhencanyouenjoyasumomatchinTokyo?A.InJanuary.B.InFebruary.C.InOctober.D.Throughouttheyear.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据看相扑比赛介绍中的最后一句,可知在东京,你可以在1月、5月和9月于两国国技馆看相扑比赛,故答案为A。7.WhatisthebestwaytoexperiencetraditionalJapaneseideal?A.Wearakimono.B.Joinateaceremony.C.Watchasumomatch.D.Findthethemedcafeofyourdreams.\n【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句,可知茶道是体验日本传统思想最好的方式之一,故答案为B。8.Wherecanthetextcomefrom?A.Ahistorytextbook.B.Ageographymagazine.C.AguidebookaboutJapan.D.Asciencereportaboutculture.【解析】选C。文章出处题。综合整篇文章,可知文章主要介绍了在日本旅游时,可以做的几件事情,应选自有关日本的旅游指南,故答案为C。【知识拓展】佳词积累①fascinating　　　adj.迷人的②surroundedadj.围绕的③elegantadj.优雅的Ⅱ.阅读填句CaringforTrees,PlantsandAnimalsYoumayhaveheardthatsomeplantsandanimalsareendangered.Whatdoesthatmeanexactly?Endangeredmeansthereareveryfewofthatkindstillalive.Somedaytheymightbecomeextinct.　1　. Plantwildflowers.　2　.Andplanttheminyourgardenoronnaturestripswhereplantsareusuallygrown.Restoringthelocalplantlifewillhelpattractnativebirdlife,pollinatorsandlocalmammals. 　3　. Whynotwelcomethesenon-humanneighborsintoyouryard?Here’showtodoit.Insteadofmowing(除草)theentireyard,leaveafewsectionsunmowed.　4　.Provideasourceofwater,likeabirdbathorasmallpond.Don’ttrytogetridofsnakes,lizards,frogs,moles,squirrels,andtheothercreatures,manyofwhicharebeneficial. Cleanuplitterinyourcommunity.ManygroupsusetheweekendofEarthDaytoclearroadways,highwaysand\nneighborhoodstreetsoflitterthathasaccumulatedsincethelastclean-upday.　5　. Treesandplantshelptoreducegreenhousegasemissions,cleanpollution,securesoilinplacetopreventerosion,andanimalsmakeourworldbecomecolorful.So,weshouldcarefortrees,plantsandanimals.A.WelcomeanimalsintoyouryardB.ChooseflowersthatarenativetoyourareaC.YoumaywonderwhatpeoplecandotohelpthemD.Bees,butterflies,andmanyotherinsectswillfindthisinvitingE.Soplantingtreesisalong-lastingactyoucandotocelebrateEarthDayF.EncouragepeopletorespectwildspacesbynotdamaginganimalhabitatsG.It’sawonderfulcommunityprojectthatyoucandoasanindividualorwithagroup【文章大意】本文告诉我们该如何保护动植物。1.【解析】选C。C项“你可能想知道人们能做些什么来帮助它们”引出下文,下文都是围绕着人们可以做的事情展开的。2.【解析】选B。题空下一句中“在你的院子中种植它们”的“它们”就是指B选项中的flowers。3.【解析】选A。A项“欢迎动物到你的庭院”是下一段的小标题,下文主要讲述保留一些自然的空间,让小动物们来你的庭院。4.【解析】选D。D项“蜜蜂、蝴蝶和许多其他昆虫会觉得这很诱人”承接上文内容,“这”指的是“在你的庭院中,有些地方就不要除草了”。5.【解析】选G。G项“这是一个很棒的社区项目,你可以作为个人或团队来做”支撑该段小标题“清理你的社区垃圾”。【知识拓展】佳词积累①endangered　　adj.濒临灭绝的②extinctadj.灭绝的③emissionn.排放Ⅲ.语法填空\nMybrother,sisterandIlove1.__________(rain)days.Weenjoy2.________(play)intherainverymuch.Thereisaveryshallowstreamnearourhouse.Eachtime3.________rains,wegotheretosailourpaperboats.Therain4.__________(make)thewaterinthestream5.________(deep)anditis6.__________(excite)towatchtheswiftcurrentsflowoverthestones,carryingawayleavesandgrass.Wewatch7.__________(careful)asourpaperboatsaresailinginthewater.Theythensailswiftlydownthestreamandweoftenwonder8.________theyfinallyendup. Sometimes,werun9.__________therain,throwstonesintothepuddlesofwaterandwatchtheripplesofwatergrowingbiggerandbigger.Thewaterlooks10.________ringsofsilverastheshiningraindropsfallontothesurface. 【文章大意】下雨天也别有一番风味。1.【解析】rainy。考查形容词。形容词修饰名词days,故填rainy。2.【解析】playing。考查非谓语动词。enjoy后接动词的-ing形式,故填playing。3.【解析】it。考查代词。当表示无生命的金钱、时间、距离、天气的时候,常用代词it作主语,故填it。4.【解析】makes。考查动词时态。该句中讲述的是我们的喜好,这是经常性的事实,应使用一般现在时态,故填makes。5.【解析】deeper。考查形容词比较级。下雨的时候,小溪的水量会增加,故小溪的水应该是更深了,故填deeper。6.【解析】exciting。考查非谓语动词。该句的真正主语是towatchtheswiftcurrentsflowoverthestones,这里是物作主语,故应该用excite的-ing形式。7.【解析】carefully。考查副词。副词修饰动词watch,故填carefully。8.【解析】where。考查宾语从句。我们对纸船漂向何处感到好奇,指地点,应该用引导词where。9.【解析】in。考查介词。我们喜欢下雨天,所以此处应该是在雨中跑,故填in。10.【解析】like。考查固定搭配。该句为比喻句,looklike看起来像,那些涟漪看起来就像是银环,故填like。【知识拓展】佳词积累\n①shallowadj.狭窄的　②sailv.航行③swiftadj.迅速的④ripplen.涟漪Ⅰ.阅读理解Legoisconsideringabrickrentalschemeinanattempttocutdownonplasticwaste.TheDanishtoymakerhaspromisedtomakeallitsbricksfromsustainable(可持续的)sourcesby2030andisploughingsignificantresourcesintofindingalternatives.TimBrooks,vice-presidentresponsibleforsustainability,saidthecompanywas“totallyopen”totheideaofaproductrentalschemebutacknowledgedthatlostpiecescouldcauseasignificantproblem.Hesaidtherentalschemewas“possible”butadmittedthereweresome“technicalbarriers”,oneofwhichisthecomplexityofsomeLegokits(配套元件),manyofwhichcontainthousandsofpieces.“Whatarethechancesofgivingthemtoaneight-year-oldchildandgettingthemallbackagain?”MrBrooksadded.“Thereisalotoftechnicalthinkingthatneedstobedone.Wearerightatbeginningofthat.”MrBrookssaidLegowasexploringseveralideaswithaviewtoproducingthehighestvaluefromproductswhileconsumingtheleastamountofresources.Hesaidmanywould“probablyneverseethelightofday”andtherewasnocurrentplantotryarentalscheme.Legohascomeunderincreasingpressuretoreduceitscarbonfootprintamidgrowinginternationalalarmabouttheimpactofplasticwasteontheenvironment.Itmanufactures19billionpiecesperyear—36,000aminute—thataremadeonlyofplasticwhilemuchoftheinternalpackagingisalsoplastic.Sofar,theonlybreakthroughhasbeenthedevelopmentofalineofbricksmadefromplant-basedplasticsourcedfromsugarcane.Thegreentrees,plantsandflowerswerefirstincludedinLegosetslatelastyearbutaccountforonlyone-twopercentofthetotalamountofplasticelementsproduced.HenrikOstergaardNielson,aproductionsupervisorinLego’sfactoryinBillund,toldtheNewYorkTimeslastyear,“Weneedtolearnagainhowtodothis.”\n【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了乐高为减少塑料浪费,乐高考虑出租积木。这家丹麦玩具制造商承诺,到2030年,所有的积木都将采用可持续能源生产,并投入大量资源寻找替代能源。1.HowwillLegocutdownonplasticwaste?A.Byconsideringabrickrentalscheme.B.Byproducinganewkindoftoysinsteadofbricks.C.Byreplacingcommonplasticwitharenewablematerial.D.Byinvestinglargeamountsofmoneyintomarket.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章的内容,为减少塑料浪费,乐高公司正考虑积木出租计划。这家丹麦玩具制造商承诺,到2030年前使用可持续材料制造所有的积木,并且正在投入大量资源寻找替代品。由此可知,乐高通过用可再生材料代替普通塑料的方式减少塑料浪费。故选C。2.WhatdoesTimBrooksexpectoftheproductrentalscheme?A.It’llcausecertainseriousproblems.B.It’llbeofgreatcomplexity.C.It’llrequiremorematuretechnicalskills.D.It’llinvolvemuchmorekitsofbricks.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“Hesaid...thousandsofpieces.”可知出租计划是“可行的”,但承认有一些“技术壁垒”。还需要思考很多技术问题。由此判断出,TimBrooks认为产品出租计划需要更成熟的技术技能。故选C。3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“many”inParagraph3referto?A.Ideas.　　　　　　B.Values.C.Products.D.Resources.【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据文章第三段中“MrBrookssaidLegowasexploringseveralideaswithaviewtoproducingthehighestvaluefromproductswhileconsumingtheleastamountofresources.”(布鲁克斯说,乐高正在探索几个想法,以生产最高价值的产品,同时消耗最少的资源。)可知,此处的many指的是上文中乐高正在探索的想法。故选A。4.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Legohastoexploreanewproducttoearnaprofit.B.Abrickrentalschemehasbeenputintomassproduction.\nC.Plant-basedplasticisenvironmentallyfriendly.D.Legoisoptimisticaboutthebrickrentalscheme.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Sofar,theonlybreakthroughhasbeenthedevelopmentof...setslatelastyear”(到目前为止,唯一的突破是由甘蔗中提取的植物性塑料制成的积木的开发。这些绿色的树木、植物和花朵是去年年底首次被包括在乐高玩具中)判断出,以植物为原材料的塑料是环保的。故选C。【知识拓展】长难句分析TimBrooks,vice-presidentresponsibleforsustainability,saidthecompanywas“totallyopen”totheideaofaproductrentalschemebutacknowledgedthatlostpiecescouldcauseasignificantproblem.分析:本句是主从复合句。thecompanywas...是said的宾语从句,前面是形容词短语responsibleforsustainability作vice-president的后置定语,后面宾语从句是but引导的并列句。第二个并列句中lostpiecescouldcauseasignificantproblem是acknowledged的宾语从句。翻译:负责可持续发展的副总裁蒂姆•布鲁克斯表示,该公司对产品租赁计划的想法持“完全开放”态度,但他承认,丢失零件可能会造成严重问题。Ⅱ.完形填空(2021·保定模拟)　　Dr.Leewasoneofmyfavoriteprofessorsincollege.Hewas　1　becauseofatrickheemployedatthebeginningofhisfirstclass.“Iwillputa　2　intoeachofmylectures.Yourjobistotryand　3　meintheLieoftheDay.” 　　Thatwasa　4　waytofocusourattentionatthedryand　5　subject—CapitalMarkets.Onthosedaysweactively　6　Dr.Lee’sstatements.Everyonceinawhile,alecturewouldendwith　7　seeingthroughthelie.Dr.Leewouldsay,“Ahha!Eachofyouhasalieinyournotes.　8　amongyourselveswhatitmightbe,andIwilltellyounextMonday.” 　　WhatmadeDr.Lee’steaching　9　smartwasthattherewasnolieduringthemosttechnically　10　lecture.Heofferedthesamechallengeto　11　ourlecturenotes.OnthefollowingMonday,hewouldhearour　12　foralmosttenminutesbefore\nhefinallysaid,“Doyou　13　thefirstlecture—howIsaidthateverylecturehasalie?” 　　Tiredfromhavingourbesttheoriesshotdown,we　14　. 　　“Well,thatwasalie.Mypreviouslecturewascompletelytrueand　15　.ButIamgladyoureviewedyournotes　16　thisweekend.Movingon...” 　　WhilemyknowledgeoftheCapitalMarketshas　17　overtime,thelessonshavestayedwithme.“Experts”canbe　18　andsaythingsthatsoundright—sobuildahabitof　19　newinformationandcheckitagainstthingsyoualreadyacceptas　20　. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述作者最喜欢的一位教授在第一节课上告诉学生,他的每一节课上都有一个谎言,并要求学生找出这个谎言,但是学生们竭尽全力却没能找出。终于教授揭开了谜底,原来他的课上的内容都是真实可靠的,根本没有谎言。真正的谎言是他在第一节课上说“他的课上有谎言”。1.A.funny　　　　　　　B.memorableC.carefulD.upset【解析】选B。funny有趣的,好笑的;memorable难忘的;careful仔细的,小心的;upset心烦的,难过的。根据文中Thatwasa_______waytofocusourattentionatthedryand_______subject可知,李博士是我大学里最喜欢的教授之一。他让人很难忘,他的课能让我们集中注意力。故选B项。 2.A.gameB.puzzleC.jokeD.lie【解析】选D。句意:我将在每一节课里说一个谎。game比赛,游戏;puzzle难题,谜;joke玩笑;lie谎言。根据上一句“becauseofatrickheemployedatthebeginningofhisfirstclass.”(trick与lie是同义词)及下文的“intheLieoftheDay.”可知选D项。3.A.catchB.tellC.hearD.stop【解析】选A。句意:你们的任务就是在每一天找出我的谎言。catch抓住;tell讲,说;hear听见;stop停止。故选A。4.A.simpleB.commonC.brilliantD.terrible\n【解析】选C。句意:这是一种把我们的注意力集中在枯燥的课程上的绝妙的方法。simple简单的;common常见的,共同的;brilliant明亮的,绝妙的;terrible可怕的,危害极大的。故选C项。5.A.boringB.interestingC.meaningfulD.guessed【解析】选A。句意:这是一种把我们的注意力集中在枯燥的课程上的绝妙的方法。分析句子可知,本小题所填词要与dry(枯燥的)是并列关系。分析四个选项boring无聊的,单调的,乏味的;interesting有趣的;meaningful有意义的;guessed猜到的)可知,只有boring(无聊的)符合题意,故选A。6.A.askedB.readC.challengedD.guessed【解析】选C。句意:所以在那些日子里,我们积极地挑战(challenged)李博士的内容(以找出这个谎言)。asked问;read读;challenged挑战;guessed猜。根据“Iwillputa_______intoeachofmylectures.Yourjobistotryand_______meintheLieoftheDay.”可知,教授在每节课上给大家留下一个谎言,大家的任务就是找出这个谎言。而且下文中“Heofferedthesamechallenge”有名词形式的提示。故选C。 7.A.anyoneB.someoneC.everybodyD.nobody【解析】选D。根据下文“...andIwilltellyounextMonday.”下周一我会告诉你们,可知没有人(nobody)能看穿这个谎言。在下文的“Well,thatwasalie.Mypreviouslecturewascompletelytrue”可知,教授的课都是真的,没有谎言,没人(nobody)能找出错误,故选D项。8.A.AgreeB.DiscussC.FindD.Perform【解析】选B。Agree同意;Discuss讨论;Find发现;Perform表演,表现。根据上句可知,下课了没有人能看穿教授的谎言,所以教授说让学生自己讨论(Discuss)这个谎言是什么,他下周一再告诉学生。故选B项。9.A.techniqueB.stepC.problemD.subject【解析】选A。technique技巧,技术;step步骤;problem问题;subject科目,主题。there\nwasnolieduringthemosttechnically_______lecture.”可知,在技术上最难的授课中也没有谎言,确实是教学技巧(technique)棒。故选A项。 10.A.prettyB.difficultC.entertainingD.successful【解析】选B。pretty漂亮的;difficult困难的;entertaining娱乐的;successful成功的。根据WhatmadeDr.Lee’steaching_______smart可知教授的课非常好,所以再难的(difficult)课也没有谎言。故选B项。 11.A.carryoutB.setdownC.takeoverD.workthrough【解析】选D。carryout执行,实施;setdown放下,记下;takeover接管;workthrough完成,解决,克服。他同样地要求我们以质疑的态度去处理我们的课堂笔记。故选D项。12.A.suggestionsB.theoriesC.plansD.hopes【解析】选B。suggestions建议;theories理论;plans计划;hopes希望。接下来的周一,他先听了大约十分钟我们的理论后才说……,故选B项。13.A.likeB.knowC.rememberD.preview【解析】选C。like喜欢;know知道;remember记得;preview预习。教授在第一节课时曾说过,每一次课都有谎言,在这儿是问学生是否还记得(remember)这件事。故选C项。14.A.noddedB.waitedC.pausedD.sighed【解析】选A。nodded点头;waited等候;paused停顿,暂停;sighed叹息。根据“Well,thatwasalie.”可知,学生们都点头了,故选A。15.A.easyB.decisiveC.obviousD.reliable【解析】选D。根据trueand...可知,本空填的词与true意思是并列的。分析四个选项easy容易的;decisive决定性的,坚定的;obvious显而易见的;reliable可靠的,可信的。可知,只有reliable(可靠的,可信的)符合题意,即我以前所上的课都是真实可信的。故选D项。16.A.happilyB.carefullyC.earlyD.secretly\n【解析】选B。happily快乐地;carefully仔细地,认真地;early早;secretly秘密地。但我很高兴周末你们认真复习了笔记。故选B项。17.A.comeB.changedC.fadedD.developed【解析】选C。come来;changed改变,变化;faded逐渐消逝,逐渐消失;developed发展,形成。根据下文thelessonshasstayedwithme,及while表示转折,可知对教授的课记忆犹新,与之相反的是课的内容逐渐忘记、逐渐消失了(faded)。故选C。18.A.wiseB.powerfulC.wrongD.confident【解析】选C。wise明智的;powerful强有力的;wrong错误的;confident自信的。“专家”也可能是错误的,说一些听起来正确的事情。故选C项。19.A.evaluatingB.gainingC.forgettingD.seeking【解析】选A。evaluating评估;gaining获得,增加;forgetting忘记;seeking寻找。根据后一句“checkitagainstthingsyoualreadyaccept...”可知,要建立一种评估新信息的习惯,并将它与你已经接受的事实进行对照。故选A。20.A.adviceB.evidenceC.knowledgeD.fact【解析】选D。advice建议;evidence证据;knowledge知识;fact事实。建立一种评估新信息的习惯,并将它与你已经接受的事实进行对照。故选D项。Ⅲ.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。Ilikesportssomuch.WhenIwasalittleboy,myfatheroftentookmewatchbasketballmatches.Sincethen,sportshavebecamepartofmylife.WhenIstarted\ntogotoschool,Ijointhebasketballteam.Ihadmuchtimetopracticewithourfriends.Now,thoughhighschoollifeisextremebusyandIhavetolearnsomanysubject,Istillkeepworkingouteveryday.SportsgroundismyfavoriteplacewhenIcantakepartinmanyactivities,suchasplayingfootball,basketballordoinghighjump.Iamapersonwithagreatenergy.Ienjoytakeexercise.【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对运动的热爱以及在成长过程中参与过的运动。1.【解析】第二句在watch前加to。考查不定式。takesb.todosth.是固定短语,意为“带某人做某事”。故在watch前加to。2.【解析】第三句became→become。考查动词时态。根据Sincethen,可知此处用现在完成时,助动词have后面要用become的过去分词,become的过去分词是become。故将became改为become。3.【解析】第四句join→joined。考查时态。此处是叙述过去发生的事情,要用一般过去时。故将join改为joined。4.【解析】第五句our→my。考查代词。句意:我有很多时间和我的朋友练习。根据句意和主语可知,此处应该用my。故将our改为my。5.【解析】第六句extreme→extremely。考查副词。此处是修饰后面的形容词busy,应该用副词形式。故将extreme改为extremely。6.【解析】第六句subject→subjects。考查名词单复数。根据somany及subject为可数名词可知,此处应该用名词的复数形式。故将subject改为subjects。7.【解析】第七句when→where。考查定语从句。分析句子可知,此处是定语从句,先行词是sportsground,在后面的从句中充当地点状语,需用关系副词where引导。故将when改为where。8.【解析】第七句or→and。考查连词。句意:操场是我最喜欢的地方,在这里我可以参加许多活动,如踢足球、打篮球和跳高。根据句意可知,此处前后应该是并列关系,应该用and连接。故将or改为and。9.【解析】第八句去掉great前的a。考查冠词。此处energy是指个人的精力、干劲,是不可数名词,不用a修饰。故将great前的a去掉。10.【解析】第九句take→taking。考查动名词。enjoydoingsth.意为“喜欢做某事”,enjoy后需用动名词作宾语。故将take改为taking。\nⅣ.书面表达(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)　　假定你是李华,暑期在伦敦学习,得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展览。请写一封信申请做志愿者,内容包括:1.写信目的;2.个人优势;3.能做的事情。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】DearSir,I’mLiHua,anoutgoingboywhoisstudyinginLondon.Iamwritingtoapplytobeavolunteerofyourteam,havingheardthataChinesePaintingExhibitionwillbeheldinthislocalcity.Ihavesomeadvantagesforthejob.Firstofall,havinglivedinChinaforsixteenyearsandhavinglearntEnglishsinceIwasachild,IhaveagoodcommandofEnglishandChinese,whichisbeneficialforintroducingChinesepaintings.Besides,havingagoodknowledgeofChinesepaintingsbecauseofmyfamiliaritywithChinesepaintingculture,Icangetforeignersandthelocalstoknowmoreaboutit.Lastbutnotleast,throughmyintroductionandefforts,IbelieveIcanstrengthenthefriendshipbetweenChinaandEngland.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldtakemyapplicationintoconsideration.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,\nLiHua