统考版2023高考英语一轮复习课时提能练1必修1Unit1Friendship含解析新人教版20230238230

课时提能练(一)必修1　Unit1　FriendshipA：知识层面Ⅰ.语境语法填空A(考查派生词)LiHuaissittingonthebed,acurlofblackhairfalling1．loosely(loose)acrosshisforehead.Becausethehospitalsuppliesan2．agreeable(agree)environment,heisgainingweightafterhis3．recovery(recover)fromhisinjury.Threemonthsago,aterribleearthquakestruckhiscity,whichwas4．entirely(entire)unexpectedandthuscausedgreat5．sufferings(suffer)andlossestothelocalpeople.LiHuagothurtwhenhewastryingtohelpothers.Hesaid,“Weare6．powerless(power)topreventdisastersbutwecandosomethingaboutthewaywerespondtothem.”B(考查动词)AlthoughI'mapositiveperson,thereisstillsomethingthat7．upsets(upset)mefromtimetotime.YesterdayIsawTomandtriedtodrawhisattentionbutI8．wasignored(ignore).Wequarreledlastweekanditseemedthathewasstillangrywithme.AsfarasI9．amconcerned(concern),somethingmustbedone10．tosettle(settle)ourdisagreement.Iwishthatourfriendshipwould11．berecovered(recover)soon.C(考查句型)Therewasatime12．whenIbecamecrazyaboutcomputergames.Iplayedeverynight,13．forgetting(forget)allaboutmyhomework.Oneday,while14．playing(play)games,Isuddenlyfoundmycomputerbrokedown.IhurriedtotheInternetbarandwentonwiththegame.Weekslater,Iscored56inthemathstest.ItwasthefirsttimethatI15．hadfailed(fail)theexam.IrealizedhowfoolishIwasanddecidedtochange.Itdidn'ttakelong16．beforeIgotmyselfbackandeverythingreturnedtonormal.Ⅱ.语境短文改错(短文中有5处错误)Recentlycampusviolencehasbecomepublicconcernsinceaseriesofcrimeshappened.Manystudentsdislikestayintheclassroomallday.Instead,theytakeplentyofoutdoorsexercisewhentheyarefree.However,quarrelsoftenoccur.Somefailtoremaincalmlyandbeginshoutingrudelyatothers,andthenfightsmaybreakout.Inordertopreventsuchviolence,schoolauthoritiesmusttakeeffectivemeasure.\n【答案】　Recentlycampusviolencehasbecomepublicconcernsinceaseriesofcrimeshappened.Manystudentsdislikeintheclassroomallday.Instead,theytakeplentyofexercisewhentheyarefree.However,quarrelsoftenoccur.Somefailtoremainandbeginshoutingrudelyatothers,andthenfightsmaybreakout.Inordertopreventsuchviolence,schoolauthoritiesmusttakeeffective.Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子1．那是我第三次就如何解决这类问题给他提出建议。ItwasthethirdtimethatIhadgivenhimtipsonhowtosettlesuchproblems.2．直到把课堂上学的东西都记下后，我才开始收拾东西。ItwasnotuntilIsetdownallIhadlearnedinclassthatIstartedtopackup.3．他被告知至少三个月后他才能康复并返回工作岗位。Hewastoldthatitwouldbeatleastthreemonthsbeforehecouldrecoverandreturntowork.4．我们应该学会如何与他人友好相处。Weshouldlearnhowtogetalongwellwithothers.5．我认为，你在新学校找到几个好朋友并不难。AsfarasI'mconcerned，youwillhavenotrouble(in)findingafewgoodfriendsinthenewschool.B：能力层面Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·洛阳市上学期尖子生第一次联考)Iwasanewcomerinaclass.SowasAlice.That'swherethesimilarityended.Iwastallandshewassmall.Mythick，blackhairhadbeenrecentlycutshort.Hernaturalblondehairflowedtoherwaistandlookedgreat.Iwasawkwardandshy.Shewasn't.Icouldn'tstandher.Iconsideredhermyenemy.Shelikedme.Shewantedtobemyfriend.Oneday，sheinvitedmeoverandIsaidyes—Iwastooshockedtoansweranyother\nway.Noonehadinvitedmeovertoplay.Butthisgirlwhoworethelatestfashionswantedmetogohomewithherafterschool.Igotverysurprisedwhensheledmeintoanapartmentbuilding.Shelivedonthefourthfloorinathreeroomplacewithhermother，herstepfather，hertwobrothersandhersister.Whenwegottotheroomshesharedwithhersister，shetookoutabigcaseofBarbies，whichwasmynextsurprise.Iwouldhavethoughtshe'doutgrownthem.Ihadneverplayedwiththem.Butwesatonthefloorofawalkincloset，laughingaswemadeupcrazystoriesabouttheBarbies.That'swhenwefoundoutthatwebothwantedtobewriterswhenwewereolderandwebothhadwildimaginations.Wehadagreatdaythatafternoon.Ourjawsachedfromsmilingsomuch.Sheshowedmeherwardrobe，whichhadmostlycomefromaclothingstoredowntheblock.Thewomanwhoowneditusedherasamodelsometimesforhernewspaperadsandgaveherclothesinexchange.Alicehadthewholeneighborhoodcharmed.Thebookstoreownerslentherfashionmagazines，themovietheatergaveherfreepassesandthepizzaplaceletherhavefreeslices.SoonIwasincludedinhermagicworld.Wesleptoverateachother'shouses，andspenteveryfreemomenttogether.MydarkhairgrewandIlearnedtolovebeingtall.Alice，myfirstrealfriendsincechildhood，taughtmeanamazingandverysurprisingthingaboutmakingfriendsthatyourworstenemycanturnouttobeyourbestfriend.【语篇解读】　作者讲述了自己小时候与爱丽丝交朋友的经历。原本作者认为自己与爱丽丝有很多不同之处，视爱丽丝为敌人，而爱丽丝却喜欢作者，并邀请作者去她家里。之后，作者更加了解爱丽丝，发现了两人之间更多的相似之处。最后她们成了好朋友。1．Whatmadethesimilarityend?A．Leavingtheauthor'soldschool.B．Beingadmittedtotheirnewclasses.C．Theirdifferencesinappearancesandpersonalities.D．Theirdifferentdemandforfriendshipandfashion.C　[细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，两个人不同的外表和性格使得她们的相似之处结束了，故选C。]2．WhatdidtheauthorthinkoftheBarbies?A．Alicewastoomatureforthem.B．Alicemusthavemadethembyherself.C．Theyshouldhavebeenkeptwell.\nD．Theybroughtherbacktoherchildhood.A　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“shetookoutabigcaseofBarbies，whichwasmynextsurprise.Iwouldhavethoughtshe'doutgrownthem”可知，作者认为爱丽丝已经长大了，不适合再玩芭比娃娃。outgrow意为“因长大而不适用……”。故选A。]3．WecaninferfromthepassagethatAlice________．A．helpedtheauthorseeherownstrengthsB．wasgoodwiththepeoplearoundherC．helpedtobringoutthebestintheauthorD．inspiredtheauthor'sloveforfashionB　[推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Thebookstoreownerslenther...freeslices”可知，书店老板借给爱丽丝时尚杂志，电影院给她免费的入场券，比萨店让她品尝免费的比萨块，由此可推知，爱丽丝善于与周围的人打交道，故选B。]【干扰项分析】　由于受到文中“thisgirlwhoworethelatestfashions”和最后一段的干扰，部分考生易做出错误的选择。“whoworethelatestfashions”仅仅是描述Alice，并没有涉及作者，故排除D项；最后一段是对文章的总结，没有提到Alice帮助作者表现出她最好的一面。故排除C项。4．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesAlice?A．Humorous.　　　　　B．Ambitious.C．Caring.D．Friendly.D　[推理判断题。通读全文可知，原本在作者眼中爱丽丝是她的敌人，但是爱丽丝却想和作者成为朋友；她邀请作者去她家里玩，最后她们成为好朋友；而且爱丽丝与她自己周围的人都建立了很好的关系，由此可推知，爱丽丝是友好的。故选D。]B(2020·黄冈市质量检测)Empathy(同感)isoneofthosestrangequalities—somethingalmosteveryonewants，butfewknowhowtotrulygiveorreceiveit.Inaworldwhereselfsatisfactionisemphasized，itisinshortsupplybuthighdemand.Thisisallthemorereasontoteachthenextgenerationwhatitmeanstohaveempathyforthosearoundthem.Whatisempathy?Manypeopleconfusesympathyandempathy，buttheyaredifferent.Empathyisnotjusttheabilitytounderstandsomeone'sfeelings；criminalsoftentakeadvantageofpeoplebyappearingtounderstandtheirfeelingsandsubsequentlygainingtheirtrust.Empathyismorethanthat.Notonlyisittheabilitytorecognizehowsomeonefeels，butitalsovaluesandrespectsthefeelingsofanotherperson.Itmeanstreatingotherswithkindness，respect，andunderstanding.\nKidsneedtoseeadultsshowempathy.Whilesomechildrenaregiftedwithnaturallykindhearts，inmostcaseskidsneedtoseeempathydisplayedbytheadultsaroundthem.Itbeginswiththewayparentsrelatetotheirchildren.Parentswhoshowaninterestinthethingsthatmattertotheirkidsandrespondtoemotionsinapositiveandcaringwayareteachingtheskillofempathy.Meetemotionalneeds.Whenchildrenhavetheiremotionalneedsmet，twothingshappen.Theylearnhowtomeettheemotionalneedsofothersandtheyareanchoredinwhattheyarereceiving，meaningthattheyaresecureenoughtogivesomethingtootherswhentheneedarisesbutfirsttheyneedtoreceivesomething.Anemptyjugcannotfillacup．It'sagoodideatotalktokidsaboutemotionsandhowotherpeopleexperiencethem.Givetheiremotionsnames(forexample，jealousy，anger，andlove)andteachthemthatthesearenormal.Talktothemabouthowtohandleemotionsinapositivewayandpointoutsituationswhereotherpeopleareexperiencingemotions.Teachthemaboutrespectingtheemotionsofothersandshowthemhowtoactinasituationwherearesponseisrequired.【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了同理心的含义和父母如何去教孩子们有同理心。5．Whyarethenextgenerationtaughttohaveempathy?A．Peopletendtobeselfcentered.B．Everyoneneedsempathy.C．Empathyisastrangequality.D．It'sbettertogivethantoreceive.A　[细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知，在一个过度关注自我满足的世界里，同理心稀缺，因此更有理由要教会下一代人有同理心。]6．Whichsituationcanempathybeusedin?A．Whenamathematicianiscalculatingtheareaoffarmland.B．Whenateacheriscomfortingastudentabouthisfailureinexams.C．Whenacriminalischeatingavictim.D．Whenadancerisdancingtomusic.B　[推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可知，同理心不仅是理解他人的感受，而且要重视并尊重别人的感受，即体贴、尊敬、理解他人，再结合选项可推知，学生考试不及格时老师可用同理心给予安慰。]7．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“Anemptyjugcannotfillacup”mean?A．Anemptyjugistoosmalltoholdacup.\nB．It'samusttotalktokidsaboutemotions.C．Adultsshouldsetanexampletokids.D．Kidsgiveempathywiththeiremotionalneedsmetfirst.D　[推理判断题。根据第四段第三句中的“...theyaresecureenoughtogivesomethingtootherswhentheneedarisesbutfirsttheyneedtoreceivesomething”可知，孩子们施以同理心的条件是首先满足自己的情感需求。]8．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．Howtotrainkidstohaveempathy.B．Howtodistinguishsympathyandempathy.C．Howtohelpkidsfinishempathyrelatedtasks.D．Whetherkidscanbetrainedtobemoreempathetic.A　[标题判断题。根据第一段的话题导入、尾句点题以及其他段落的主题句可推知，本文主要介绍了同理心的含义以及如何培养孩子们有同理心。]Ⅱ.完形填空(2020·重庆市第一次学业质量调研抽测)ItwasaSundaymorningonasubwayinNewYork.Peopleweresitting1—somereadingnewspapers，somelostinthought，somerestingwiththeireyesclosed.Itwasacalmandpeacefulscene.Then2，amanandhischildrenenteredthesubwaycarquickly.Thechildreninitwereso3andactivethatthewhole4ofthecarinstantlychanged.Themansatdownnexttomeandclosedhiseyes，apparently5ofthesituation.Thechildrenwerescreaming，runningbackandforth，throwingthings，andevengrabbingpeople'spapers，and6，themansittingnexttomedidnothing.Itwasdifficultnottofeel7．Icouldn'tbelievethathewas8hischildrentorunwildlikethat，andwastakingno9atall.Itwas10toseethateveryoneelseonthesubwayfeltannoyed.Sofinally，Iturnedtohimandsaid，“Sir，yourchildrenarereally11alotofpeople.Couldyou12themalittlemore？”Themanliftedhiseyesandsaidsoftly，“Oh，you're13，IguessIshoulddosomethingaboutit.Wejustcamefromthehospitalwheretheirmother14aboutanhourago.Idon'tknowwhattodo，andIguesstheydon'tknowhowto15iteither.”Canyou16whatIfeltatthatmoment?Suddenly，Isawthingsdifferently，myangerwas17.Ididn'thavetoworryaboutcontrollingmyattitudeormybehavior，myheartwas18theman'spain.Now，insteadoffrustration，feelings\nof19filledmyheart.Everything20inaninstant.Indeed，shiftsinwaysofthinkingmoveusfromonewayofseeingtheworldtoanotherandthoseshiftscreatepowerfulchanges.【语篇解读】　一个周日的早上，人们安静地坐在地铁车厢里。突然，一位男士和他的孩子的出现打破了车厢的平静。孩子们在车厢里尖叫、来回跑、扔东西，甚至是抢别人的报纸，而孩子的父亲对此不管不顾。“我”很生气，便告诉孩子的父亲，让他管一下他们。通过交谈“我”了解到孩子们的母亲刚刚去世，这令“我”心生同情。1．A.nervously　　　　B．seriouslyC．patientlyD．quietlyD　[根据下文中的“Itwasacalmandpeacefulscene”可知，人们都安静地坐着，或读报纸，或沉思，或闭目养神。]2．A.suddenlyB．occasionallyC．eventuallyD．graduallyA　[根据空后的“amanandhischildrenenteredthesubwaycarquickly”并结合语境可知，突然，一位男士和他的孩子迅速地走进车厢。]3．A.happy　　B．loud　　　C．cute　　D．curiousB　[根据下文中的“Thechildrenwerescreaming，runningbackandforth，throwingthings，andevengrabbingpeople'spapers”可知，这些孩子很吵闹。loud“说话太大声的，吵闹的”。]4．A.climateB．directionC．speedD．temperatureA　[根据第1小题和第3小题的解析可知，这些孩子很吵，因而打破了车厢原有的气氛。climate“环境气氛”。]5．A.afraid　　B．proud　C．tired　　　D．unawareD　[根据上文中的“Themansatdownnexttomeandclosedhiseyes”和下文中的“themansittingnexttomedidnothing”可知，这位男士很显然没有意识到发生了什么。]6．A.so　　　　B．yet　　　　C．for　　　D．asB　[根据上文内容可知，孩子们在车厢里表现得很糟糕，并结合空后的“themansittingnexttomedidnothing”可推知，此处前后内容形成了转折关系。yet“然而”。]7．A.worriedB．ashamedC．annoyedD．discouraged\nC　[此处与下文中的“everyoneelseonthesubwayfeltannoyed”形成呼应，故应选C项。]8．A.expectingB．askingC．allowingD．forbiddingC　[根据上文表述的孩子们表现得如此糟糕，这位男士却无所行动可推知，此处表示“我”难以相信他竟允许自己的孩子如此恣意妄为，他一点儿也不负责任。]9．A.risksB．notesC．differenceD．responsibilityD　[参见上题解析。]10．A.easy　　　B．hard　　　C．fair　　D．normalA　[根据上文内容可知，孩子们表现得很糟糕，所以很容易地看到地铁上的每个人都很生气。]11．A.supporting　　　　　B．criticizingC．disturbing　　　　　　D．organizingC　[根据上文中的“Thechildrenwerescreaming...grabbingpeople'spapers”以及第10空后的“everyoneelseonthesubwayfeltannoyed”可知，这些孩子的行为确实打扰到了其他乘客。]12．A.confirmB．divide　C．assist　　　D．controlD　[根据语境可知，“我”希望该男子管一下自己的孩子。]13．A.right　B．wrong　C．trustful　　D．crazyA　[根据下文中的“IguessIshoulddosomethingaboutit”可知，该男子认为“我”说得对。]14．A.remainedB．died　　C．worked　D．returnedB　[根据该句中的“Wejustcamefromthehospital”并结合语境和选项可推知，此处应是该男子说孩子们的母亲大概一小时前去世了。]15．A.describe　B．addressC．defeat　D．handleD　[根据该句中的“Idon'tknowwhattodo”“theydon'tknow”“either”可知，此处表示孩子们也不知道如何应对这种情况。]16．A.believeB．recall　\nC．imagine　　D．predictC　[根据上文内容可知，作者因孩子们的表现感到生气，后来经过与男子交谈得知，孩子们的母亲大概一小时前去世了；又结合下文中的“Suddenly，Isawthingsdifferently”可推知，此处表示，你能想象“我”当时的感受吗？]17．A.blocked　B．gone　　　C．liberatedD．deepenedB　[根据上文中的“Isawthingsdifferently”可知，“我”的愤怒消失了。]18．A.filledwith　　　　　B．opposedtoC．basedon　　　　　　D．freedfromA　[根据上文中的“Isawthingsdifferently”“Ididn'thaveto...ormybehavior”可推知，“我”也感受到了该男子的痛苦。]19．A.forgiveness　　　　　B．bitternessC．sympathyD．appreciationC　[根据该句中的“insteadoffrustration”并结合上文表述的“我”的态度的转变可知，“我”的心中充满了对该男子的同情。]20．A.restoredB．changedC．counted　　D．settledB　[根据上文内容可知，“我”的态度很快地发生了转变，所有事情在一瞬间改变了。]