统考版2023高考英语一轮复习必修1Unit1Lifestyles课时提能练含解析北师大版20230238215

课时提能练(一)必修1　Unit1　Lifestyles(A)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·浙江余姚模拟)Theevidenceforharmonymaynotbeobviousinsomefamilies.Butitseemsthatfouroutoffiveyoungpeoplenowgetonwellwiththeirparents，whichistheoppositeofthepopularlyheldimageofunhappyteenagerslockedintheirroomafterendlessfamilyquarrels.Animportantnewstudyintoteenageattitudessurprisinglyshowsthattheirfamilylifeismoreharmoniousthanithadeverbeeninthepast.“Weweresurprisedbyjusthowpositivetoday'syoungpeopleseemtobeabouttheirfamilies，”saidonememberoftheresearchteam.“They'reexpectedtoberebellious(叛逆的)andselfishbutactuallytheyhaveotherthingsontheirminds:theywantacarandmaterialgoods，andtheyworryaboutwhetherschoolisservingthemwell.There'smorenegotiation(商议)anddiscussionbetweenparentsandchildren，andchildrenexpecttotakepartinthefamilydecisionmakingprocess.Theydon'twanttorocktheboat.”Soitseemsthatthisgenerationofparentsismuchmorelikelythanparentsof30yearsagototreattheirchildrenasfriends.“Myparentsarehappytodiscussthingswithmeandwillingtolistentome，”says17yearoldDanielLazall.“IalwaystellthemwhenI'mgoingoutclubbing.AslongastheyknowwhatI'mdoing，they'refinewithme.”SusanCrome，whoisnow21，agrees.“Lookingbackonthelast10years，therewasalotofwhatyoucouldcallnegotiation.Forexample，aslongasI'ddoneallmyhomework，IcouldgooutonaSaturdaynight.ButIthinkmygrandparentswerealotstricterwithmyparentsthanthat.”Maybethispositiveviewoffamilylifeshouldnotbeunexpected.Itispossiblethattheideaofteenagerebellion(反抗)isnotrootedinrealfacts.Aresearchercomments，“Oursurprisethatteenagerssaytheygetalongwellwiththeirparentscomesbecauseofabriefperiodinoursocialhistorywhenteenagerswereregardedasdifferentbeings.Butthatideaofrebellingandbreakingawayfromtheirparentsreallyonlyhappenedduringthatonetimeinthe1960swheneveryonerebelled.Thenormalsituationthroughouthistoryhasbeenasmoothchangefromhelpingoutwiththefamilybusinesstotakingitover.”【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。一个重要的新研究表明：\n与三十年前的父母相比，现在的父母给孩子更多的自由；这一代的父母更有可能像朋友一样对待自己的孩子，所以他们的家庭生活比以往过去的任何时候都更加和谐。1．Accordingtotheauthor，teenagerebellion________.A．maybeafalsebeliefB．iscommonnowadaysC．existedonlyinthe1960sD．resultedfromchangesinfamiliesA　[推理判断题。根据第四段“Itispossiblethattheideaofteenagerebellionisnotrootedinrealfacts(青少年叛逆可能不是事实)”推出“maybeafalsebelief”。故选A。]2．Thestudyshowsthatteenagersdon'twantto_______.A．sharefamilyresponsibilityB．causetroubleintheirfamiliesC．goboatingwiththeirfamilyD．makefamilydecisionsB　[细节理解题。根据文章第二段“There'smorenegotiationanddiscussionbetweenparentsandchildren，andchildrenexpecttotakepartinthefamilydecisionmakingprocess.Theydon'twanttorocktheboat.”看出“孩子们与父母讨论协商，期待参与家庭一些决策，但他们不想rocktheboat”，意思是todosth.thatupsetsasituationandcausesproblems(捣乱，惹麻烦)，推出答案B。]3．Comparedwithparentsof30yearsago，today'sparents________.A．gotoclubsmoreoftenwiththeirchildrenB．aremuchstricterwiththeirchildrenC．carelessabouttheirchildren'slifeD．givetheirchildrenmorefreedomD　[细节理解题。根据文章第三段所给的一些事例及“ButIthinkmygrandparentswerealotstricterwithmyparentsthanthat.”可知与30年前的父母相比，现在的父母给他们的孩子更多的自由，所以选D。]4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Negotiationinfamily.B．Educationinfamily.C．Harmonyinfamily.D．Teenagetroubleinfamily.C　[主旨大意题。根据文章第一句(本文的主题句)，可知这篇文章主要讲了家庭的和谐问题，所以选C。]\nB(2020·洛阳市上学期尖子生第一次联考)Iwasanewcomerinaclass.SowasAlice.That'swherethesimilarityended.Iwastallandshewassmall.Mythick，blackhairhadbeenrecentlycutshort.Hernaturalblondehairflowedtoherwaistandlookedgreat.Iwasawkwardandshy.Shewasn't.Icouldn'tstandher.Iconsideredhermyenemy.Shelikedme.Shewantedtobemyfriend.Oneday，sheinvitedmeoverandIsaidyes—Iwastooshockedtoansweranyotherway.Noonehadinvitedmeovertoplay.Butthisgirlwhoworethelatestfashionswantedmetogohomewithherafterschool.Igotverysurprisedwhensheledmeintoanapartmentbuilding.Shelivedonthefourthfloorinathreeroomplacewithhermother，herstepfather，hertwobrothersandhersister.Whenwegottotheroomshesharedwithhersister，shetookoutabigcaseofBarbies，whichwasmynextsurprise.Iwouldhavethoughtshe'doutgrownthem.Ihadneverplayedwiththem.Butwesatonthefloorofawalkincloset，laughingaswemadeupcrazystoriesabouttheBarbies.That'swhenwefoundoutthatwebothwantedtobewriterswhenwewereolderandwebothhadwildimaginations.Wehadagreatdaythatafternoon.Ourjawsachedfromsmilingsomuch.Sheshowedmeherwardrobe，whichhadmostlycomefromaclothingstoredowntheblock.Thewomanwhoowneditusedherasamodelsometimesforhernewspaperadsandgaveherclothesinexchange.Alicehadthewholeneighborhoodcharmed.Thebookstoreownerslentherfashionmagazines，themovietheatergaveherfreepassesandthepizzaplaceletherhavefreeslices.SoonIwasincludedinhermagicworld.Wesleptoverateachother'shouses，andspenteveryfreemomenttogether.MydarkhairgrewandIlearnedtolovebeingtall.Alice，myfirstrealfriendsincechildhood，taughtmeanamazingandverysurprisingthingaboutmakingfriendsthatyourworstenemycanturnouttobeyourbestfriend.【语篇解读】　作者讲述了自己小时候与爱丽丝交朋友的经历。原本作者认为自己与爱丽丝有很多不同之处，视爱丽丝为敌人，而爱丽丝却喜欢作者，并邀请作者去她家里。之后，作者更加了解爱丽丝，发现了两人之间更多的相似之处。最后她们成了好朋友。5．Whatmadethesimilarityend?A．Leavingtheauthor'soldschool.B．Beingadmittedtotheirnewclasses.C．Theirdifferencesinappearancesandpersonalities.\nD．Theirdifferentdemandforfriendshipandfashion.C　[细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，两个人不同的外表和性格使得她们的相似之处结束了，故选C。]6．WhatdidtheauthorthinkoftheBarbies?A．Alicewastoomatureforthem.B．Alicemusthavemadethembyherself.C．Theyshouldhavebeenkeptwell.D．Theybroughtherbacktoherchildhood.A　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“shetookoutabigcaseofBarbies，whichwasmynextsurprise.Iwouldhavethoughtshe'doutgrownthem”可知，作者认为爱丽丝已经长大了，不适合再玩芭比娃娃。outgrow意为“因长大而不适用……”。故选A。]7．WecaninferfromthepassagethatAlice________.A．helpedtheauthorseeherownstrengthsB．wasgoodwiththepeoplearoundherC．helpedtobringoutthebestintheauthorD．inspiredtheauthor'sloveforfashionB　[推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Thebookstoreownerslenther...freeslices”可知，书店老板借给爱丽丝时尚杂志，电影院给她免费的入场券，比萨店让她品尝免费的比萨块，由此可推知，爱丽丝善于与周围的人打交道，故选B。]【干扰项分析】　由于受到文中“thisgirlwhoworethelatestfashions”和最后一段的干扰，部分考生易做出错误的选择。“whoworethelatestfashions”仅仅是描述Alice，并没有涉及作者，故排除D项；最后一段是对文章的总结，没有提到Alice帮助作者表现出她最好的一面。故排除C项。8．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesAlice?A．Humorous.B．Ambitious.C．Caring.D．Friendly.D　[推理判断题。通读全文可知，原本在作者眼中爱丽丝是她的敌人，但是爱丽丝却想和作者成为朋友；她邀请作者去她家里玩，最后她们成为好朋友；而且爱丽丝与她自己周围的人都建立了很好的关系，由此可推知，爱丽丝是友好的。故选D。]Ⅱ.完形填空(2020·重庆市第一次学业质量调研抽测)ItwasaSundaymorningonasubwayinNewYork.Peopleweresitting__1__—somereadingnewspapers，somelostinthought，somerestingwiththeireyesclosed.Itwasacalmandpeacefulscene.Then__2__，amanandhischildrenenteredthesubwaycarquickly.Thechildreninitwereso__3__\nandactivethatthewhole__4__ofthecarinstantlychanged.Themansatdownnexttomeandclosedhiseyes，apparently__5__ofthesituation.Thechildrenwerescreaming，runningbackandforth，throwingthings，andevengrabbingpeople'spapers，and__6__，themansittingnexttomedidnothing.Itwasdifficultnottofeel__7__.Icouldn'tbelievethathewas__8__hischildrentorunwildlikethat，andwastakingno__9__atall.Itwas__10__toseethateveryoneelseonthesubwayfeltannoyed.Sofinally，Iturnedtohimandsaid，“Sir，yourchildrenarereally__11__alotofpeople.Couldyou__12__themalittlemore？”Themanliftedhiseyesandsaidsoftly，“Oh，you're__13__，IguessIshoulddosomethingaboutit.Wejustcamefromthehospitalwheretheirmother__14__aboutanhourago.Idon'tknowwhattodo，andIguesstheydon'tknowhowto__15__iteither.”Canyou__16__whatIfeltatthatmoment?Suddenly，Isawthingsdifferently，myangerwas__17__.Ididn'thavetoworryaboutcontrollingmyattitudeormybehavior，myheartwas__18__theman'spain.Now，insteadoffrustration，feelingsof__19__filledmyheart.Everything__20__inaninstant.Indeed，shiftsinwaysofthinkingmoveusfromonewayofseeingtheworldtoanotherandthoseshiftscreatepowerfulchanges.【语篇解读】　一个周日的早上，人们安静地坐在地铁车厢里。突然，一位男士和他的孩子的出现打破了车厢的平静。孩子们在车厢里尖叫、来回跑、扔东西，甚至是抢别人的报纸，而孩子的父亲对此不管不顾。“我”很生气，便告诉孩子的父亲，让他管一下他们。通过交谈“我”了解到孩子们的母亲刚刚去世，这令“我”心生同情。1．A.nervously　B．seriouslyC．patientlyD．quietlyD　[根据下文中的“Itwasacalmandpeacefulscene”可知，人们都安静地坐着，或读报纸，或沉思，或闭目养神。]2．A.suddenly　　　　　　B．occasionallyC．eventually　　　　　　　　D．graduallyA　[根据空后的“amanandhischildrenenteredthesubwaycarquickly”并结合语境可知，突然，一位男士和他的孩子迅速地走进车厢。]3．A.happyB．loud　　　C．cute　　　D．curiousB　[根据下文中的“Thechildrenwerescreaming，runningbackandforth，throwing\nthings，andevengrabbingpeople'spapers”可知，这些孩子很吵闹。loud“说话太大声的，吵闹的”。]4．A.climate　　　　　　　B．directionC．speed　　　　　　　　　D．temperatureA　[根据第1小题和第3小题的解析可知，这些孩子很吵，因而打破了车厢原有的气氛。climate“环境气氛”。]5．A.afraidB．proud　C．tired　　　　D．unawareD　[根据上文中的“Themansatdownnexttomeandclosedhiseyes”和下文中的“themansittingnexttomedidnothing”可知，这位男士很显然没有意识到发生了什么。]6．A.so　　B．yet　　　　C．for　　　　D．asB　[根据上文内容可知，孩子们在车厢里表现得很糟糕，并结合空后的“themansittingnexttomedidnothing”可推知，此处前后内容形成了转折关系。yet“然而”。]7．A.worried　　　　　　　B．ashamedC．annoyed　　　　　　　　　D．discouragedC　[此处与下文中的“everyoneelseonthesubwayfeltannoyed”形成呼应，故应选C项。]8．A.expecting　　　　　　B．askingC．allowing　　　　　　　　　D．forbiddingC　[根据上文表述的孩子们表现得如此糟糕，这位男士却无所行动可推知，此处表示“我”难以相信他竟允许自己的孩子如此恣意妄为，他一点儿也不负责任。]9．A.risks　　　　　　　　B．notesC．difference　　　　　　　　　D．responsibilityD　[参见上题解析。]10．A.easy　B．hard　　　C．fair　　　D．normalA　[根据上文内容可知，孩子们表现得很糟糕，所以很容易地看到地铁上的每个人都很生气。]11．A.supporting　　　B．criticizingC．disturbing　　　　　　　D．organizingC　[根据上文中的“Thechildrenwerescreaming...grabbingpeople'spapers”以及第10空后的“everyoneelseonthesubwayfeltannoyed”可知，这些孩子的行为确实打扰到了其他乘客。]\n12．A.confirmB．divide　C．assist　　　　D．controlD　[根据语境可知，“我”希望该男子管一下自己的孩子。]13．A.right　B．wrong　C．trustful　　　D．crazyA　[根据下文中的“IguessIshoulddosomethingaboutit”可知，该男子认为“我”说得对。]14．A.remainedB．died　　C．worked　　D．returnedB　[根据该句中的“Wejustcamefromthehospital”并结合语境和选项可推知，此处应是该男子说孩子们的母亲大概一小时前去世了。]15．A.describe　B．addressC．defeat　　D．handleD　[根据该句中的“Idon'tknowwhattodo”“theydon'tknow”“either”可知，此处表示孩子们也不知道如何应对这种情况。]16．A.believeB．recall　C．imagine　　　D．predictC　[根据上文内容可知，作者因孩子们的表现感到生气，后来经过与男子交谈得知，孩子们的母亲大概一小时前去世了；又结合下文中的“Suddenly，Isawthingsdifferently”可推知，此处表示，你能想象“我”当时的感受吗？]17．A.blocked　B．gone　　　C．liberated　D．deepenedB　[根据上文中的“Isawthingsdifferently”可知，“我”的愤怒消失了。]18．A.filledwith　　　B．opposedtoC．basedon　　　　　　　D．freedfromA　[根据上文中的“Isawthingsdifferently”“Ididn'thaveto...ormybehavior”可推知，“我”也感受到了该男子的痛苦。]19．A.forgiveness　　　B．bitternessC．sympathy　　　　　　　　　D．appreciationC　[根据该句中的“insteadoffrustration”并结合上文表述的“我”的态度的转变可知，“我”的心中充满了对该男子的同情。]20．A.restoredB．changedC．counted　　　D．settledB　[根据上文内容可知，“我”的态度很快地发生了转变，所有事情在一瞬间改变了。]\n课时提能练(二)必修1　Unit1　Lifestyles(B)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·黄冈市质量检测)Empathy(同感)isoneofthosestrangequalities—somethingalmosteveryonewants，butfewknowhowtotrulygiveorreceiveit.Inaworldwhereselfsatisfactionisemphasized，itisinshortsupplybuthighdemand.Thisisallthemorereasontoteachthenextgenerationwhatitmeanstohaveempathyforthosearoundthem.Whatisempathy?Manypeopleconfusesympathyandempathy，buttheyaredifferent.Empathyisnotjusttheabilitytounderstandsomeone'sfeelings；criminalsoftentakeadvantageofpeoplebyappearingtounderstandtheirfeelingsandsubsequentlygainingtheirtrust.Empathyismorethanthat.Notonlyisittheabilitytorecognizehowsomeonefeels，butitalsovaluesandrespectsthefeelingsofanotherperson.Itmeanstreatingotherswithkindness，respect，andunderstanding.Kidsneedtoseeadultsshowempathy.Whilesomechildrenaregiftedwithnaturallykindhearts，inmostcaseskidsneedtoseeempathydisplayedbytheadultsaroundthem.Itbeginswiththewayparentsrelatetotheirchildren.Parentswhoshowaninterestinthethingsthatmattertotheirkidsandrespondtoemotionsinapositiveandcaringwayareteachingtheskillofempathy.Meetemotionalneeds.Whenchildrenhavetheiremotionalneedsmet，twothingshappen.Theylearnhowtomeettheemotionalneedsofothersandtheyareanchoredinwhattheyarereceiving，meaningthattheyaresecureenoughtogivesomethingtootherswhentheneedarisesbutfirsttheyneedtoreceivesomething.An_empty_jug_cannot_fill_a_cup.It'sagoodideatotalktokidsaboutemotionsandhowotherpeopleexperiencethem.Givetheiremotionsnames(forexample，jealousy，anger，andlove)andteachthemthatthesearenormal.Talktothemabouthowtohandleemotionsinapositivewayandpointoutsituationswhereotherpeopleareexperiencingemotions.Teachthemaboutrespectingtheemotionsofothersandshowthemhowtoactinasituationwherearesponseisrequired.【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了同理心的含义和父母如何去教孩子们有同理心。1．Whyarethenextgenerationtaughttohaveempathy?A．Peopletendtobeselfcentered.\nB．Everyoneneedsempathy.C．Empathyisastrangequality.D．It'sbettertogivethantoreceive.A　[细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知，在一个过度关注自我满足的世界里，同理心稀缺，因此更有理由要教会下一代人有同理心。]2．Whichsituationcanempathybeusedin?A．Whenamathematicianiscalculatingtheareaoffarmland.B．Whenateacheriscomfortingastudentabouthisfailureinexams.C．Whenacriminalischeatingavictim.D．Whenadancerisdancingtomusic.B　[推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可知，同理心不仅是理解他人的感受，而且要重视并尊重别人的感受，即体贴、尊敬、理解他人，再结合选项可推知，学生考试不及格时老师可用同理心给予安慰。]3．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“Anemptyjugcannotfillacup”mean?A．Anemptyjugistoosmalltoholdacup.B．It'samusttotalktokidsaboutemotions.C．Adultsshouldsetanexampletokids.D．Kidsgiveempathywiththeiremotionalneedsmetfirst.D　[推理判断题。根据第四段第三句中的“...theyaresecureenoughtogivesomethingtootherswhentheneedarisesbutfirsttheyneedtoreceivesomething”可知，孩子们施以同理心的条件是首先满足自己的情感需求。]4．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．Howtotrainkidstohaveempathy.B．Howtodistinguishsympathyandempathy.C．Howtohelpkidsfinishempathyrelatedtasks.D．Whetherkidscanbetrainedtobemoreempathetic.A　[标题判断题。根据第一段的话题导入、尾句点题以及其他段落的主题句可推知，本文主要介绍了同理心的含义以及如何培养孩子们有同理心。]B(2020·哈尔滨师大附中、东北师大附中、辽宁省实验中学一模)Maybeyoutakevitaminsregularlysupportingbrainpower，orstockuponthesefoodsthatboostbrainhealth.ButnewguidelinesfromtheAmericanAcademyofNeurology(AAN)suggestthere'ssomethingbetteryoucandotokeepyourmindsharp.Aquarterofadultsaged80to84experiencemildcognitive(认知的)\nimpairment，accordingtoAAN.Toaddressthewidespreadproblem，agroupofneurologistsandAlzheimer's(阿尔茨海默症)specialistswentthroughexistingstudiestodefinethebestwaystopreventandtreatcognitivedecline—andyoumightbesurprisedbywhattheyincludedandwhattheydidn't.Surprisingly，theAANguidelinesdon'tincludeanymedication(药物)ordietaryrecommendations.Theauthorsstressthattherehaven'tbeenanyhighquality，longtermstudiesfindingfoodsormedicationcanhelpcognitivedecline.Theguidelinesalsosaydoctorscanconsidersuggestingcognitivetrainingtopatientswithmemorylossbutnotrelyonit.Atthepresenttime，thereport'sauthorssaytheevidenceistooinconclusivetosayforsureifbrainexercises，likememoryandattentiontrainingorproblemsolvingforeverydayissuesassociatedwithmemoryloss，arebeneficial.Still，thesemorningbrainexercisescan'tdoanyharm.Buttherewasonebigdiscoveryfromthenewguidelines:Exercisingjusttwiceaweekcouldimprovecognitivedecline.Onestudyshowedadultswithmildcognitiveimpairmentwhodidresistancetrainingtwiceaweekscoredbetteronexecutivefunctionandassociativememoryteststhanagroupthatworkedonbalancing，stretching，andrelaxing.What'smore，anotherstudyhadolderadultsattendeitherbiweeklyhealthclassesorsessionsofaerobics，strengthtraining，balanceexercises，andmultitaskingtraining.Sixmonthslater，theoneswho'dexercisedregularlyscoredbetteroncognitivehealthandmemorytests，andhadlessbrainshrinkage.AANnowrecommendsdoctorstellpatientswithmemorylosstoexercisetwiceaweektokeeptheirmindssharp.Thisisthebesttimetoexerciseifyouwanttoimproveyourmemory.Itlookslikeyou'vegotjustonemorereasontocleartimeinyourscheduleforaworkout—evenifit'sonlyontheweekends.【语篇解读】　研究发现，每周进行两次锻炼会让大脑保持敏锐，能够改善老年人的认知障碍。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impairment”inParagraph2referto?A．Error.　　　　　　B．Decline.C．Development.D．Presence.B　[词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句中的“Toaddressthewidespreadproblem，agroupofneurologistsandAlzheimer's(阿尔茨海默症)specialistswentthroughexistingstudiestodefinethebestwaystopreventandtreatcognitive\ndecline”可知，为了解决这个普遍性的问题，一群神经病学家和阿尔茨海默症专家仔细琢磨现有的研究来明确预防和治疗认知衰退的最佳方法，由此可推知，画线词应与decline词义相近，故选B。]6．ANNmaybeuncertainabout________.A．strengthtrainingB．resistancetrainingC．exercisingtwiceaweekD．morningbrainexercisesD　[细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句可知，报告的作者说目前还没有确凿的证据来确定大脑锻炼是否有益。故D项符合题意。]7．Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthoragreewith?A．DailyexercisesarebeneficialtoAlzheimer's.B．TheAANguidelinesattachimportancetoworkouts.C．MedicationisofsignificanceintheANNguidelines.D．Stockinguponvitaminssupportingbrainpowermeansnothing.B　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Buttherewasonebigdiscoveryfromthenewguidelines：Exercisingjusttwiceaweekcouldimprovecognitivedecline”以及第六段第一句可知，AAN认为每周锻炼两次可以改善认知衰退并建议医生让丧失记忆的病人每周锻炼两次以保持大脑的敏锐。据此可知，AAN重视锻炼，故B项正确。]【干扰项分析】　A项中的“Dailyexercises”(每天锻炼)不符合文意；根据第一段的内容可知，作者并没有完全否定服用维生素，只是说有更好的方法来保持大脑的敏锐，故D项错误。8．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A．Exercise.　B．Entertainment.C．Science.　　　D．Health.D　[文章出处题。通读全文可知，文章第一段第二句为全文的主旨句，并结合文章其他内容可知，本文主要介绍了一项新发现——每周进行两次锻炼会让大脑保持敏锐，能够改善老年人的认知障碍；据此可推知，本文的主题为健康，故D项正确。]Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2020·贵阳市适应性考试一)DuringtheoutbreakofCOVID19，theWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)hasofferedbasicprotectivemeasurestothepublicagainstthevirus.Washhandsfrequentlywithsoapandwateroruseanalcoholbasedwaterfreehandsanitizinggelifyourhandsarenotvisiblydirty.__1__.__2__.Ifyousneezeorcoughintoyourhands，youmaycontaminate(污染)objectsorpeoplethatyoutouch.Throwthetissueimmediatelyintoaclosedbinandclean\nhandswithalcoholbasedwaterfreehandsanitizinggelorsoapandwater.Keepatleastonemeterdistancebetweenyourselfandotherpeople，particularlythosewhoarecoughing，sneezingandhaveafever，becausecoughsorsneezesofpeoplewhoareinfectedwitharespiratory(呼吸的)diseaseproject(喷射)smalldropscontainingthevirus.__3__.Avoidtouchingyoureyes，noseandmouthbecausehandstouchmanysurfaces，whichcanbecontaminatedwiththevirus.Ifyoutouchyoureyes，noseormouthwithyourcontaminatedhands，youcantransferthevirusfromthesurfacetoyourself.Tellyourhealthcareproviderifyouhavebeentoanareawheretheepidemichasbeenreported，orifyouhavebeeninclosecontactwithsomeonewhohasrespiratorysymptoms.Practicegeneralhygienemeasureswhenvisitingliveanimalmarkets，wetmarketsoranimalproductmarkets.__4__.Avoidcontactwithpotentiallycontaminatedanimalwasteorfluidsonthesoilorstructuresofshopsandmarketfacilities.__5__.Handlerawmeat，milk，oranimalorganscarefullytoavoidcrosscontaminationwithuncookedfood.A．AvoideatinganimalproductsB．Ifyouaretooclose，youcanbreatheinthevirusC．Thishelpsknowthevirusifit'sonyourhandsD．AvoideatingraworundercookedanimalproductsE．Thishelpsremovethevirusifit'sonyourhandsF．StrictlyavoidanycontactwithotheranimalsinthemarketG．Coveryourmouthandnosewithatissuewhencoughingandsneezing【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了世界卫生组织给公众提供的预防新冠肺炎的基本措施。1．E　[本空是一个段尾句。本段主要讲了要勤洗手，又结合语境可知，本空讲的应是勤洗手的好处，故E项符合语境。]2．G　[根据文章结构和空处所处位置可知，本空是中心句。本段主要讲了咳嗽和打喷嚏时人们应该采取的措施，故G项符合语境，概括该段内容。]3．B　[本空是一个段尾句。本段主要讲了与他人要保持的距离以及这样做的原因，故本空讲的应该是这样做的好处，或不这样做的话可能会存在的风险，所以B项符合语境。]4．F　[分析本段内容可知，本段主要讲了人们去市场时应该采取的通用卫生措施；空后讲的是避免接触商店或市场里可能被污染的动物废物或液体，故F项符合语境。]5．D　[本空是中心句。本段主要讲了人们应认真地处理生肉、奶或动物器官以避免生食导致的交叉污染，故D项与本段内容相符，所以选D项。]\nⅢ.语法填空(2020·惠州市第二次调研)Irecentlyheardastoryaboutafamousscientist.Whenhe1.________(ask)whyhewasabletosucceed，hegavetheanswer.Itallcamefromanexperiencewith2.________motherwhenhewasabouttwoyearsold.“IwastryingtogetabottleofmilkfromthefridgewhenIlostthebottleanditfell，spilling(溢出)themilkalloverthefloor—aseaofmilk!Igot3.________(frighten)andIdidn'tknowwhattodo！”hesaid.Insteadof4.________(punish)him，hismotheraskedhimtoplayinthemilkforawhile.Thenshesaid，“Youknow，wefailedinhowto5.________(successful)carryabigmilkbottlewithtwotiny6.________(hand)justnow.Let'sgooutintheyardandfillthebottle7.________watertoseeifyoucandiscoverawaytocarryit.”Thisfamousscientistthenremarkedthatitwasatthatmomentthathe8.________(know)hedidn'tneedtobeafraidtomakemistakes9.________wereactuallyopportunitiesforlearningsomethingnew.Eveniftheexperiment“doesn'twork”，weusuallylearnsomething10.________(value)fromit.【语篇解读】　一位科学家在两岁的时候不小心把牛奶瓶摔到地上，结果母亲不但没有惩罚他，还引导他去探索如何才能拿起装满水的瓶子；这位科学家从中明白了一个道理：不要害怕犯错误，因为那也是一个学习的机会。1．wasasked　[考查动词的时态与语态。根据该句中的“hegavetheanswer”可知，他是被别人提问的，应用被动语态；又根据语境可知，此处叙述的是过去发生的事，要用一般过去时，故填wasasked。]2．his　[考查代词。此处表示的是和他妈妈的一次经历。故填his。]3．frightened　[考查形容词。空处作表语，与got构成系表结构，此处表示他当时非常害怕，故要填形容词frightened“害怕的”。]4．punishing　[考查非谓语动词。介词insteadof后面要接名词或动名词，故填punishing。]5．successfully　[考查词性转换。修饰动词carry要用副词，故填successfully。]6．hands　[考查名词的单复数。根据空前的“two”可知，此处要用名词的复数形式，故填hands。]7．with　[考查介词。fillsth.withsth.“用……将……装满”为固定用法。]8．knew　[考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“itwasatthatmoment”可知，此处是他对过去的回忆，故填knew。]9．which/that　[考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，且先行词为“mistakes”，故此处要填which或that。]\n10．valuable　[考查词性转换。此处表示“从中学到一些有价值的东西”，故要用形容词valuable作定语，修饰不定代词something，位于其后。]Ⅳ.短文改错(2020·福建省毕业班质量检查测试)Workingonafarmwasquiteaexperience!Ourteachertoldusthathowacityfarminourneighbourhoodwaslookingforyoungpeopletohelpingwiththeanimals.Cityfarmswereagreatwayforpeopletogetamazedexperiencesofcountrylife.Wecanlearnmoreaboutanimalsandplantandeventakepartworkingonthefarm.SoIspoketotheownerofthefarm，butafewdayslaterIwaslookingafterthehorsesonthefarm.Iwasproudofmyselfwhenhehelpedayoungboytorideahorseforthefirsttime.Itrealmeantalottohim—andtome![答案]Workingonafarmwasquiteexperience!Ourteachertoldusthatacityfarminourneighbourhoodwaslookingforyoungpeopletowiththeanimals.Cityfarmsagreatwayforpeopletogetexperiencesofcountrylife.Wecanlearnmoreaboutanimalsandandeventakepartworkingonthefarm.SoIspoketotheownerofthefarm，afewdayslaterIwaslookingafterthehorsesonthefarm.Iwasproudofmyselfwhenhelpedayoungboytorideahorseforthefirsttime.Itmeantalottohim—andtome!