统考版2023高考英语一轮复习课时提能练22必修5Unit2TheUnitedKingdom含解析新人教版20230238244

课时提能练(二十二)必修5　Unit2　TheUnitedKingdomA：知识层面Ⅰ.语境语法填空A(考查派生词)The1．description(describe)ofyouroldtableisalmost2．consistent(consist)withallourearlierfindings.Itis3．roughly(rough)estimatedthatitisanantiquemadeaboutfivecenturiesago.Wearenowholdinganexhibition,wherethereisalarge4．collection(collect)ofantiquesondisplay.Isthereany5．possibility(possible)thatyoucanbringthat6．furniture(furnish)toourexhibition?Certainlywewillmakesome7．arrangements(arrange)toguaranteeitssafety.Ifpossible,cometousonFridaywhenitis8．convenient(convenience)toyou.B(考查动词)Facedwithallthosechallenges,wegot9．united(unite)asoneinsteadofcomplainingand10．quarrelling(quarrel).Aftertwoyears'hardworkwefinally11．accomplished(accomplish)theprojectonschedule,whichmadeallthestaff12．delighted(delight).Agrandcelebration13．wasarranged(arrange)inourcompany'sconferencehall.Ontheplatformourmanagersatsmilingona14．folding(fold)chair.Hemadewarmremarks,15．clarifying(clarify)theimportanceofunityandcooperation.Themost16．thrilling(thrill)thingforthestaffwasthateachofthemwasamplyrewarded.C(考查句型)Bettyhasbeenatopstudentinourclasstheseyears,butitisstrangethatsheshould17．havefailed(fail)thisimportantexam.18．WhatpuzzlesmemostisthatBettyseemstocarelittleaboutherfailure.19．Worried(worry)abouther,Iwenttovisitherafterschool.Shelivesinahouse20．built(build)inatraditionalChinesestyle,whichstandsoutinherneighborhood.When21．asked(ask)aboutthecauseofherfailure,Bettysaidshehaddonethatonpurposebecauseshewantedtodrawherparents'attention.Much22．tomyrelief,Bettyhasrealizedthatshedidsomethingsillyandpromisednottodosuchthingsagain.Ⅱ.语境短文改错(短文中有5处错误)TomandJimaretwinsandlookexactlylike.Mostofteneventhefathercannottellthemapartwithoutrefertothemother.Bothofthemdreamofabighousefurnishedfashionablethings.Buttheyknowunlesstheyworkhard,thereislittlepossibility\nthattheycanachievetheirambition.Theyoftenstudylateintothenight,sometimesfallingasleepleanedagainstthewall.Nowtheyremainstudyingforamaster'sdegreeaftergraduationfromuniversity.Muchtothempleasure,alargecompanyhasdecidedtoemploythemwithahighsalary.【答案】　TomandJimaretwinsandlookexactly.Mostofteneventhefathercannottellthemapartwithouttothemother.Bothofthemdreamofabighousefurnishedfashionablethings.Buttheyknowunlesstheyworkhard,thereislittlepossibilitythattheycanachievetheirambition.Theyoftenstudylateintothenight,sometimesfallingasleepagainstthewall.Nowtheyremainstudyingforamaster'sdegreeaftergraduationfromuniversity.Muchtopleasure,alargecompanyhasdecidedtoemploythemwithahighsalary.Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子1．当他醒来的时候，发现身边围了很多人。Whenhecametolife，hefoundhimselfsurroundedbymanypeople.2．非常可惜的是研究所邀请的专家没有出现。Itwasapitythattheexpertinvitedbytheresearchinstitutiondidn'tshowup.3．由于受伤严重，她被立刻送往医院了。Seriouslyinjured，shewassenttohospitalatonce.4．我第一次读这本书时竟然留下了那么多令人不快的记忆，这似乎有些奇怪。Itseemsstrangethatmyfirstreadingofthebookshouldhaveleftmesomanyunpleasantmemories.5．我的德语不好，但能清楚地表达自己的意思。(make＋宾语＋宾补)IamnotverygoodatGerman，butIcanmakemyselfunderstood．B：能力层面Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·资阳联考)BuckinghamPalace\nItistheofficialresidenceofQueenElizabethⅡinLondon.ThearchitecturalcoreofBuckinghamPalaceistheformerBuckinghamHouse，builtin1703．YoucanvisitthestateroomsfromAugusttoOctoberwhentheQueenisonholiday.Itisoneoftheworld'smostfamiliarbuildings.Ithas775rooms.DuringthesummerthefamousChangingoftheGuardstakesplaceatthefrontofthepalaceat11：30andisapopulareventforvisitorstothecapital.BigBenandWestminsterPalaceItisoneofLondon'sbestknownlandmarks.BigBenisthenameoftheclockinsidetheClockTower.ItliesatthenortheasternendoftheHousesofParliament.WestminsterPalaceisoneofthelargestparliamentsintheworld.Itwasbuiltbetween1840and1880．TheTowerofLondonTheTowerofLondonisahistoricalmonumentinCentralLondononthenorthbankoftheriverThames.ItwasfoundedbyWilliamtheConqueror.Itwasapalaceandaprison(forQueenElizabethⅠforexample)．Thereyoucanseestrangeguardscalled“theBeefeaters”．Sincethebeginningofthe14thcentury，theTowerofLondonhasbeenthehomeoftheworldfamousBritishCrownJewels—theyareamustofyourvisit!TrafalgarSquareItwasnamedin1835togivehonourtothememoryoftheBritishvictoryovertheFrenchatTrafalgarin1805．ThereisahugestatueofAdmiralNelson(theBritishherokilledduringthebattle)inthemiddleofthesquare.Itisapopulartouristattractionwiththefourlionstatues.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。介绍了英国伦敦的几处地标性建筑：白金汉宫、大本钟和国会大厦、伦敦塔及特拉法加广场。1．Whichhasthesecondlongesthistory?A．TrafalgarSquare.B．TheTowerofLondon.C．WestminsterPalace.D．BuckinghamHouse.D　[细节理解题。根据BuckinghamPalace部分的“builtin1703”；BigBenandWestminsterPalace部分的“Itwasbuiltbetween1840and1880．”；TheTowerofLondon部分的“ItwasfoundedbyWilliamtheConqueror.”(“征服者威廉”1066—1087年在任)；TrafalgarSquare部分的“Itwasnamedin1835”可知，白金汉宫存在的历史悠久仅次于伦敦塔。故D项正确。]\n2．WhatisTheTowerofLondonnotedforintheworld?A．Itsstrangeguards.B．ItsBritishCrownJewels.C．Itsfounder.D．Itsgeographicalsite.B　[细节理解题。根据TheTowerofLondon部分的“Sincethebeginningofthe14thcentury，theTowerofLondonhasbeenthehomeoftheworldfamousBritishCrownJewels—theyareamustofyourvisit！”可知，从十四世纪起伦敦塔就成为举世闻名的英国国王的王冠、王室珍藏珍宝的收藏地。故B项正确。]3．WhywasTrafalgarSquarebuilt?A．Becauseabattlehappenedhere.B．Becauseitcouldbegoodfortourism.C．BecauseadmiralNelsonwasbornhere.D．Becausefourlionstatueshadbeenbuilt.A　[细节理解题。根据TrafalgarSquare部分的“Itwasnamedin1835togivehonourtothememoryoftheBritishvictoryovertheFrenchatTrafalgarin1805．”可知，特拉法加广场是为了纪念英国在1805年的特拉法加大海战中战胜法国而建的。故A项正确。]B(2020·郑州市第一次质量预测)Somethingstrangehasbeenhappeningtomelately:WomeninthestreethavebeentellingmeI'mbrave.Myactofcourageisn'tmuch—Ijuststoppedcoloringmyhair.IhadbrownhairthatstartedgoinggraywhenIwas30．So，likealotofwomen，Istarteddyeing(染)it.Itwasexpensiveandtimeconsuming.Andmyhairgrowsfast，soIneededtogobacktothehairsalon(美发厅)every5weeks.Manypeopleseemtoenjoyholdingontotheiryouthforaslongaspossible，givingotherstheimpressionthattheydon'thavemuchwisdomormanyaccomplishments.Butourhairstartstoturngrayandsuddenlywestartspending$500ormoreayeartocoversomethingourmalecolleaguesdon'tneedtocover.Ofcourse，peopleshoulddowhattheywanttodowiththeirownbody—mymotheris91andstillhas“blonde”hair，andwhynot?IjustwishmoreofuswouldfeelthatitisOKtobeourselves，becausegoinggrayhasdonemoreformethansavingmetimeandmoney.Ilikemynaturalhair，justasitis.Ilikehowithasgotcurlyagain.Itis\nrecoveringafteryearsofbeingdamagedbychemicals.Ialsolikethatithasgivenmesomeneededattitudeinasocietythatmakesyouthseemsoimportant，whilebeingagainstmaturity.ItremindsmethatI'mnotakidanymoreandthisisn'tabadthing.NotbeingakidanymoremeansIreadthebooksIwant，andnotthebooksIfeelIshouldread.ItmeansnotwastingmytimeateventsIdon'tneedtoattendwhenI'dratherbewithmyfamilyandfriends.WhenIseemyhairinthemirror，it'sareminderthatmytimeislimited，andIshouldspenditdoingwhatmatters.There'snothingshamefulaboutgrowingolder.Andpretendingit'snothappeningisawayofgivingupourpower.Iseemygrayhairasalittleactofrebellion(反叛)againsttheideathatpeoplelosevalueastheyage，insteadofgainingit.Iseegrayhairasmy“flag”andI'mlettingitflyproudly.【语篇解读】　文章开头作者叙述了自己虽然头发变白但不再染发，从而受到别人的好评的经历，接着表达了自己对变老的看法。作者认为染发浪费金钱和时间，追求自然、重视因年龄增长而带来的智慧才是重要的。4．Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutcoloringhair?A．Itshowspeople'sgreatcourage.B．Itisagoodwaytoholdontoyouth.C．Itshowswisdomandaccomplishments.D．Itcostsmuchmoneyandittakesmuchtimetodothat.D　[细节理解题。根据第二段，尤其是该段中的“Itwasexpensiveandtimeconsuming”可知，作者认为染发花费很多金钱且费时。]5．Whatshouldwedowhenwegrowoldaccordingtotheauthor?A．Giveupourpower.B．Pretendtobestillyoung.C．Acceptitandactpositively.D．Readasmanybooksaspossible.C　[推理判断题。根据第四段，尤其是最后一句“IjustwishmoreofuswouldfeelthatitisOKtobeourselves,becausegoinggrayhasdonemoreformethansavingmetimeandmoney”和第六段中的“Ishouldspenditdoingwhatmatters”以及第七段的最后一句可推知，根据作者的观点，当我们变老时我们应该接受它并采取积极的行动。]6．Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A．Toexplainwhyyouthisvalued.B．Toshareheropinionongrowingolder.\nC．Tostresstheimportanceofdifferentattitudes.D．Toanalyzetheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofaging.B　[写作意图题。本文作者首先叙述自己虽然头发变白但不再染发，从而受到别人的好评的经历，然后表达自己对变老的看法——染发浪费金钱和时间，追求自然、重视因年龄增长而带来的智慧才是重要的。由此可推知，作者写本文的目的是分享她对变老的看法。]7．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．HoldingontoYouthB．DyeingYourHairC．GainingValuewithAgeD．ValuingWisdomofAgeD　[标题归纳题。根据全文的内容，尤其是最后一段第一句“Iseemygrayhairasalittleactofrebellion(反叛)againsttheideathatpeoplelosevalueastheyage，insteadofgainingit”可知，D项“重视因年龄增长而带来的智慧”最适合作文章标题。]Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2020·贵阳市四校联考)Doyouconstantlyusethecomputer，whetherforlearningorentertainment?Computersgiveoffradiationthatisbadforyourhealth，butherearesomewaystoprotectyourselffromtheradiation.1GreenteacanbeabsorbedbythebodyeasilyintoaformofvitaminA，whichhelpsreduceradiation.2Itisadvisabletoattacharadiationfilterplate(辐射过滤板)infrontofyourcomputerscreen.Besuretoavoidputtinganymetalsubstancesnearyourcomputerasthesemayreflectsomeoftheelectromagneticwavesthatareharmfultoyourhealth.3Thebrighterthescreenis，thehighertheradiationwillbe.Youcanalsoputsomeradiationabsorbingplantssuchasseveralcacti(仙人掌)nearyourcomputertopreventradiation.Makesureyoutakemeasurestoprotectyourskinbeforesittinginfrontofthecomputer.4What'smore，washyourfacesoonafterusingthecomputerinordertoreduce70%oftheradiation.5Anoldcomputeringeneralhasonetotwotimesmoreradiationreleasedthanthenewonewithinthesamedistance.A．Andadjustthebrightnessofyourcomputerscreen.B．Italsohelpsoureyesseethingsclearlyinthedarkbyimprovingthevisualability.C．Andadjustthesoundlevelonyourcomputer.D．Themostefficientwayisbydrinkingsomecoffeeregularly.\nE．Ifpossible，purchaseanewcomputerinsteadofusinganoldcomputer.F．Thesimplestwayisbydrinkingtwoorthreecupsofgreenteaeveryday.G．Forexample，applyafacemasktoprotectyourself.【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了减少电脑辐射的方法，包括每天喝绿茶、调整电脑屏幕的亮度、做好皮肤护理、在电脑附近放吸收辐射的植物以及尽可能使用新电脑。1．F　[根据空后一句“GreenteacanbeabsorbedbythebodyeasilyintoaformofvitaminA，whichhelpsreduceradiation”可知，绿茶被人体吸收后容易转化为维生素A，有助于减少辐射；据此可推知，空处应是介绍关于减少电脑辐射的建议之一：喝绿茶，故F项正确。]2．B　[由空前一句可知，绿茶被人体吸收后容易转化为维生素A，有助于减少辐射；并结合语境可推知，空处应是介绍绿茶的其他好处，故B项与此处匹配。]3．A　[根据空后一句“Thebrighterthescreenis，thehighertheradiationwillbe”可知，电脑屏幕越亮则辐射越强；据此可推知，空处应是建议调整电脑屏幕亮度，故A项正确。]4．G　[根据空前一句“Makesureyoutakemeasurestoprotectyourskinbeforesittinginfrontofthecomputer”可知，要确保坐在电脑之前已采取措施保护你的皮肤；据此可知，空处应是介绍具体的措施，故G项与此处匹配。]5．E　[根据空后一句“Anoldcomputeringeneralhasonetotwotimesmoreradiationreleasedthanthenewonewithinthesamedistance”可知，通常来说，在相同的距离内，旧电脑的辐射量是新电脑的一至两倍；据此可推知，该段应是建议尽可能使用新电脑，故E项正确。]Ⅲ.语法填空(2020·湖北省部分重点中学第一次联考)MyfirsttasteofthelifeinChinawaslearningthelanguage.TheChineselanguageisseenasoneofthe1．______(difficult)languagestolearn.Thisfixedbeliefscaredmeoffatfirst.However，mydesiretolearnthelanguagegrewastimewentbyandit2．________(become)anadventurousjourneylately.Iamparticularlyfascinatedbecausethelanguageiswrittenwithcharacters.Eachwordseemstobeadrawing，andthisraisesmy3．________(curious)tolearnit.SometimesIcomeacrosswordsthatarespelledthesameway4．_______havedifferenttonesandmeandifferentthings.Forexample，hǎowiththethirdtonemeansbeinggoodwhilehàowiththefourthtonemeanshobbies.5．________(move)aroundthestreets，onecan6．________(easy)noticethatfoodreflectsthediverseculturaltraditionsoftheChinesepeople.Chinaisblessedwithsomanynutritiousfoodsthatitispossible7．________(live)withouteatingthe\nsamedishtwiceforawholemonth.Therearedifferentcuisines，8．________havedistinctivefeaturesthatseparatethemfromoneanother.Theuseofgarlic，shallots(大葱)，chilies(辣椒)andspices(香料)cannotbemissedinaroutineChinesemeal.Mybest9．________(memory)ofChinesefoodwerewhenIfirstlearnedtousethechopsticks.IrecalledhowIcouldnotholdthechopsticksproperly.Itwas10.______struggletoholdthepairofsticksandeatfoodwithoutdroppingitseveraltimesbackontotheplate.Butthestoryhaschangednow.Ihavelearnedtobalancelargemeatballsbetweentwostickswithoutanydifficulty.【语篇解读】　“我”体验中国的生活是从学习汉语开始的，“我”体会到了汉语的独特之处；之后，“我”又学习用筷子品尝中国的美食，并感受到了中国饮食的独特魅力。1．mostdifficult　[考查形容词的最高级。根据空前的“oneofthe”可知，这里表示汉语被认为是最难学的语言之一，故填形容词的最高级形式。]2．hasbecome　[考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句中的“lately”以及语境可知，此处要用现在完成时；又主语为it，故填hasbecome。]3．curiosity　[考查词性转换。根据空前的形容词性物主代词my可知，此处应用名词。故填curiosity。]4．but　[考查连词。根据空前的“arespelledthesameway”及空后的“havedifferenttonesandmeandifferentthings”可知，此处前后构成转折关系。故填but。]5．Moving　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词move和其逻辑主语one构成主谓关系，故此处要填其现在分词形式。]6．easily　[考查词性转换。修饰动词notice要用副词，故填easily。]7．tolive　[考查非谓语动词。It＋is＋adj.＋todosth.为固定搭配，故此处填tolive。]8．which　[考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词cuisines，故填which。]9．memories　[考查名词的单复数。根据该句中的谓语动词were可知，此处的主语要用名词的复数形式，故填memories，表示“回忆”。]10．a　[考查冠词。struggle为可数名词，此处为初次提到，应用不定冠词修饰，且struggle的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。]Ⅳ.短文改错(2020·太原市阶段性测评)IwasasweetandlovinggirlduringIwasveryyoung.Unfortunate，thingschanged.ItallstartedwhenIwasgivensmartphoneintheeighthgradebyagoodfriend.Ibecamefondofwatchingmovies，chatonlineandplayingaddictivegames.Naturally，Icouldn'tmakeprogressesinmystudyanymore.What's\nworse，Ispentfewertimeincommunicatingwithmyparents.Thus，allofthemwereworriedaboutwhathadbeenhappenedandturnedtomyheadteacherforhelp.Withtheirhelp，Irealizedwhatseriousthethingswereanddecidedtochangemyself.NowIamgratefultothemandbecameagoodgirl.【答案】　IwasasweetandlovinggirlIwasveryyoung.，thingschanged.ItallstartedwhenIwasgivensmartphoneintheeighthgradebyagoodfriend.Ibecamefondofwatchingmovies，onlineandplayingaddictivegames.Naturally，Icouldn'tmakeinmystudyanymore.What'sworse，Ispenttimeincommunicatingwithmyparents.Thus，ofthemwereworriedaboutwhathadhappenedandturnedtomyheadteacherforhelp.Withtheirhelp，Irealizedseriousthethingswereanddecidedtochangemyself.NowIamgratefultothemandagoodgirl.