高考英语 Unit 1　Great scientists要点梳理+重点突破 新人教版必修5

必修5　Unit1　Greatscientists要点梳理高效梳理·知识备考●重点单词1．characteristicn．特征；特性2．concludevt.&vi.结束；推断出→conclusionn．结论；结束3．defeatvt.打败；战胜；使受挫n．失败4．attendvt.照顾；护理；出席；参加5．exposevt.暴露；揭露；使曝光→exposionn．暴露6．curen．治愈；痊愈vt.治愈；治疗7．challengen．挑战vt.向……挑战→challengern．挑战者8．absorbvt.吸收；吸引；使专心9．suspectvt.怀疑n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯→suspicionn．怀疑→suspiciousadj.有疑心的10．foreseevt.预见；预告→foretellv．预言→forecastv．预报11．blamevt.责备；谴责n．过失；责备12．pollutevt.污染；弄脏→pollutionn．污染13．handlen．柄；把手vt.处理；操纵14．linkvt.&n．连接；联系15．announcevt.宣布；通告→announcementn．通知；宣告16．instructvt.命令；指示；教导→instructionn．教授；传授→instructionsn．指示，说明17．constructvt.建设；修建→constructionn．建设；建筑物18．contributevt.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助→contributionn．贡献19．spinvi.&vt.(使)旋转；纺(线或纱)20．rejectvt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃→rejectionn．拒绝；抛弃25\n●重点短语1．putforward提出2．drawaconclusion得出结论3．expose...to使显露；暴露4．link...to...将……和……联系或连接起来5．apartfrom除……之外；此外6．makesense讲得通；有意义7．lookinto调查；研究8．attimes有时9．beagainst反对10．(be)strictwith对……严格的11．betoblame应受责备12．withcertainty肯定地●重点句型1．Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.因次每一次暴发(霍乱)都会有成千上万恐慌的人死去。2．Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。3．Heplacedafixedsunatthecenterofthesolarsystemwiththeplanetsgoingroundit....他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星围绕着太阳转……●高考范文(2008·安徽)假定你是李华，David是你的美国笔友。他对中国鼓励使用环保购物袋很感兴趣，来信向你询问此事。请你给他写封回信，主要内容如下：25\n◇感谢他的关注。◇简要介绍相关情况。◇谈谈你的感想。注意：1.词数100左右，信的格式已为你写好。2．可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。3．参考词汇：环保购物袋environment－friendlyshoppingbag；关注concern。June8DearDavid，________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHua写作要点：本篇书面表达要求写一封书信，请注意英文书信格式及文体特点；人称需用第一人称；时态需用一般现在时。1．相关词语：environmentalprotection(环境保护),whitepollution(白色污染)，reuse(再利用),rubbish(垃圾)等；2．英文书信常用句式I‘mgladthat...,Thankyoufor...,Ibelieve/hope/think...that...等。[范文]June_8Dear_David，I'mgladthatyou'venoticedoureffortsdirectedtowardsenvironmentalprotection.Thankyouforyourconcern.Astoomuchuseofplasticbagshascausedseriouswhitepollution,ourgovernmentencouragesustouseenvironment－friendlyshoppingbags.Thesebagsaremadeofavarietyofmaterialsthatcanbeeasilytreatedwhentheybecomerubbish.Besides,theycanbereused.MoreandmorepeopleinChinahaverealizedtheadvantagesofsuchbagsandstartedusingthem.Ibelievethatthewideuseoftheseshoppingbagscangreatlyimproveourenvironment.Thisisoneofthemanystepswearetakingtomakeourcountryanevencleanerplace.25\nYours，Li_Hua考点探究互动探究·能力备考Ⅰ.词汇短语过关1．concludevt.　断定，推断出；作出结论(不用于进行时)conclusionn．　结论，推论conclusiveadj.　结论性的conclude...by/with...以……结束concludetodosth.决定做某事conclude...from...从……中推断toconclude(做插入语)最后(一句话)inconclusion最后，总之bring...toaconclusion使……结束makeaconclusion下结论arriveat/cometo/draw/reachaconclusion得出结论，告一段落[即学即练1](1)He_____________hisspeechwithajoke.他以一个笑话结束了他的演讲。(2)Themeeting____________atnineo‘clock.会议9点钟结束了。(3)Thepolice____________thathemustbethemurderer.警察断定他一定是杀人凶手。concludedconcludedconcluded(4)____________，wishallofyougoodhealthandalonglife.最后祝大家健康长寿。25\n(5)____________，Iwouldliketothankallthepeoplepresentatthemeetingtoday.最后我想感谢今天参加会议的所有人。　　　　ToconcludeInconclusion2．attendvt.&vi.出席；参加；照料，护理attendancen.出席，到场，参加attendameeting/alecture/school参加会议/听报告/上学attendon/uponsb.伺候某人；照顾某人attendto处理，注意，专心于，照料[即学即练2](1)Hedidn‘t__________________yesterday.他昨天没有参加会议。(2)Hewasverytiredafterthelongrun,andexpectedsomebody______________him.长跑之后他感到非常疲劳，很想有个人来照顾自己一下。(3)Businesshasto__________________.生意是必须要料理的。attendthemeetingtoattendonbeattendedto(4)__________yourstudies.专心你的学习。　　　Attendto3．exposevt.暴露，揭露，使曝光，使面临exposuren.暴露，显露；揭露，揭发exposesth./sb./oneself(to...)显露或暴露某事物/某人/自己(给……)beexposedto暴露于……25\n[即学即练3](1)Myjobasajournalististo_______________.我作为记者的职责就是揭露事实。(2)Don‘t______babies______strongsunlight.不要让婴儿受到强烈阳光的照射。(3)It’sverydangerousto_______________theseviruseswithoutanyprotection.不加任何保护，直接暴露在这些病毒下是非常危险的。　exposethetruthexposetobeexposedto4．curen.治愈；痊愈　vt.治愈；治疗curableadj.可治愈的acurefor...针对……的治疗curesb.ofsth.消除某人……；治愈某人……[即学即练4](1)Thedoctorcan't______her______thecancer.医生治不好她的癌症。(2)Nothingcan______you______yourbadhabits.没有什么能去掉你的坏习惯。(3)Thisis___________________SARS.这是一种新的SARS治疗方法。　　cureofcureofanewcurefor25\n拓展：vt.＋sb.＋ofsth.结构的短语还有：remindsb.ofsth.使某人想起某事suspectsb.ofsth.怀疑某人(做)某事robsb.ofsth.抢了某人某物informsb.ofsth.通知某人某事warnsb.ofsth.警告某人某事accusesb.ofsth.控告某人某事5．absorbvt.吸收，吸进(液体、气体等)；理解，获取(信息)；吸引住某人的注意力或兴趣absorbwater/light/heat(＝takein)吸收水/光/热absorbwhatsb.said理解某人所说的话absorbone'sattention吸引某人的注意力beabsorbedin...全神贯注于……[即学即练5](1)Blackcloth__________light.黑色布料吸收光线。(2)Didyou______everythingtheprofessorsaid?教授说的你全部理解了吗？(3)He________________deepthought.他陷入沉思。　　absorbsabsorbwasabsorbedin6．suspectvt.怀疑；不信任n．嫌疑犯；可疑对象suspectsth.怀疑某事suspectthatclause怀疑……suspectsb.of(doing)sth.25\n怀疑某人有某种罪行或做过某事suspectsb.tobe...猜想某人是……[即学即练6](1)Ibeganto_________(that)theyweretryingtogetridofme.我开始怀疑他们试图摆脱我。(2)They______him______murder.他们怀疑他犯有谋杀罪。(3)Whatmadeyou_________her______havingtakenthemoney？你凭什么怀疑钱是她偷的？(4)Thepolicearrestedthe_________yesterday.警方昨天逮捕了那个嫌疑犯。　suspectsuspectofsuspectofsuspect7．blamen．&vt.责备；责任blamesb.forsth./doingsth.因为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事blamesth.onsb.把某事归咎于某人betoblame(for)应(为……)承担责任；该(为……)受责备(此处不能用被动语态)accept/bear/taketheblameforsth.对某事负责任put/laytheblameforsth.onsb.将某事归咎于某人[即学即练7](1)He_________me______mycarelessness.他责备我的疏忽大意。(2)MrLiisnot__________________theaccident.这次事故不能怨李先生。25\n(3)Wheredoes__________________ourfailurelie?我们失败的症结在哪里？blamedfortoblamefortheblamefor8．contributevt.&vi.作贡献，捐献；投(稿)contributionn.贡献，捐献，投稿contributorn.捐助者；投稿人contributetosth.增加，增添；促成某事contributesth.to/towards给……捐献/捐赠contribute(sth.)tosth.撰稿；投稿makeacontributionto...为……作贡献[即学即练8](1)Weshould__________foodandclothing______thereliefofthepoor.我们应该捐赠食品和衣物救济贫民。(2)Drink_______________hisruin.酗酒促使他毁灭。(3)TheSongDynasty_____________threegreatinventions______worldcivilization.宋朝为世界文明贡献出三大发明。(4)He___________anarticle______ChinaDaily.他为《中国日报》撰写了一篇文章。contributeforcontributedtocontributedtocontributedto9．rejectvt.抛开；丢掉；拒绝，抵制25\nn．被拒绝或抛弃的人或物[即学即练9](1)Mycousintriedtojointhearmybut____________.我堂兄试图参军，但没有被接受。(2)Afterthetransplanthisbody__________thenewheart.在移植手术后，他的身体对移植的心脏产生排斥反应。(3)I__________therottenoranges.我把腐烂的橘子扔掉了。　　wasrejectedrejectedrejected提示：reject与refuse的区别refuse指拒绝别人的请求、帮助、邀请等，其后可跟不定式。reject不能用于拒绝别人的邀请或帮助，其后不能跟不定式。Sherefused(toaccept)mygift.＝Sherejectedmygift.她拒绝接受我的礼物。10．putforward提出，推荐；将……提前putaway/aside放在一边；收拾起来；储存putback放回，拨回putdown写下；镇压；放下putforth提出；颁布put...into把……翻译成putoff延期，推迟puton穿、戴上；(速度、体重)增加；上演putout扑灭，熄灭putthrough接通电话putup举起；建造；张贴25\nputupwith忍受，忍耐，容忍[即学即练10](1)Sheoften___________someusefuladvice.她常常提出一些有用的建议。(2)CanI______you/yourname___________asgolfclubsecretary？我推荐你担任高尔夫球俱乐部的秘书怎么样？(3)Wehave______thewedding___________oneweek.我们已将婚礼提前了一周。(4)______yourwatch__________；you‘refiveminutesslow.把你的表往前拨一下，你慢了5分钟。putsforwardputforwardputforwardbyPutforward11．apartfrom除……之外take...apart把……拆开tell...apart区分，辨别set/putapart留出[即学即练11](1)____________thecost,itwilltakealotoftime.除了花钱以外，还要花很多时间。(2)Ihavenothing____________theclothesIamwearing.除了我身上穿的衣服以外，我什么也没有。(3)Themechanics______theengine______.机械师把发动机拆开了。(4)It’salmostimpossibleto______JackieandMoira______sincetheyhadtheirhaircut.杰姬和莫伊拉把头发剪了，几乎不可能把她俩区别开来。Apartfromapartfromtookaparttell25\napart12．makesense讲得通；有道理；很有意义makesenseofsth.懂；了解……的含义makenosense讲不通；无意义inasense就某种意义而言；在某种意义上innosense决不是；决非Thereisnosenseindoingsth.做……没必要/道理asenseofhumor/safety幽默感/安全感commonsense常识[即学即练12](1)Whathesays____________.他说的有道理。(2)Canyou______________thispoem?你能明白这首诗的含义吗？(3)Whatyousayistrue___________.你所说的在某种意义上是真实的。(4)Thatjust____________________me.那对我毫无意义。makessensemakesenseofinasensemakesnosenseto(5)_____________doesthisexcusetheiractions.这决不能成为他们行为的托辞。(6)_____________________ingettingupsetaboutitnow.现在为这件事苦恼是没有意义的。　　　　InnosenseThereisnosense25\nⅡ.重点句型详解1．Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedevery_timetherewasanoutbreak.因此每次暴发(霍乱)时，就有大批惊恐的人死去。这是由名词词组everytime充当连词的时间状语从句，意为“每当……”，相当于when。某些表达时间的名词词组可直接充当连词，即“名词连词化现象”。常见的有：(1)不定代词＋time　如：anytime,eachtime...(2)序数词＋time　如：thefirst/lasttime...(3)the＋瞬时名词　如：theminute/moment/instant(4)the＋时间名词　如：theday/night/month/time...①Hebringsherflowerseverytimehegoestoseeher.他每次去看她都给她带花。②Thefirsttimehedidtheexperiment,hesucceeded.他第一次做实验就成功了。③I‘llgivehimyourmessagetheminutehearrives.等他一到，我就把你的口信给他。④Heboughtacomputerthedayhegothissalary.他发工资那天买了一台电脑。[即境活用1]　Theboysranoff______theysawtheowneroftheorchard(果园)．A．attimes　　B．thehourC．themomentD．atonce答案：C解析：句中themoment引导时间状语从句，相当于assoonas。2．Only_ifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，放在句首时，句子要部分倒装，即把助动词、情态动词或系动词be放在主语之前。25\n①OnlythendidIrealizethemistakesIhadmade.只有在那时我才意识到我所犯的错误。②Onlyinthiswaycanyoumakeprogress.只有以这种方式你才能取得进步。③Onlywhenthewarwasoverin1949washeabletogetbackhome.只有在1949年战争结束时他才能回家。拓展：ifonly要是……该多好，但愿。ifonly从句可单独使用，这时要用虚拟语气：表示与过去相反的愿望用haddone；与现在相反的愿望用did/were；表示与将来相反的愿望用“would/could/might＋动词原形”。①IfonlyIhadgonetoBeijing.我要是去了北京就好了。②Ifonlyhecouldcometomorrow.他要是明天能来就好了。[即境活用2]　______bothsidesaccepttheagreementwillalastingpeacebeestablishedinthisregion.A．OnlyifB．UnlessC．IfonlyD．Aslongas答案：A解析：主句中用了“will＋主语＋be”倒装结构，故选Onlyif。易错点拨自我完善·误区备考1.defeat/beat/win这三个词都有“赢”的意思，但其用法不尽相同。(1)defeat和beat是同义词，其宾语必须是“人或一个集体”。如ateam,aclass,aschool,anarmy等。defeat侧重在战场上打败敌人，beat常用于游戏或比赛中，但在平时运用中常替换使用。(2)win表示在较强的竞争中取得了胜利，常带的宾语有：game,war,prize,fame,battle等。win还可作为不及物动词来用。[应用1]　用defeat,beat,win填空(1)He____________allhisopponentsintheelection.(2)Peasants______thedroughtandreapedagood25\nharvest.(3)Afterahearttohearttalk,I______hisbeliefatlast.defeated/beatbeatwon(4)Theenemy’splotwas_________verysoon.(5)Wewouldn’thave______withoutyourhelp.(6)Mary______firstprizeforswimming.　　　defeatedwonwon2.cure/treat/heal(1)treat指通过药物、特别的食品或运动治病，强调治疗过程，treatsb.forsth.医治某人……病；还可作“对待，看待”讲，treat...as把……看作/视为。(2)cure意为“治愈，痊愈”，特别指病后的恢复健康。其后可接表示疾病的名词或代词，也可接sb.of再加表示疾病的名词。另外，还可作“矫正，纠正”解，借喻指消除社会上某种不良现象或个人恶习等。(3)heal意为“治愈”，多用于治愈外伤，如：wound,cut,injury,burn等。[应用2]　(1)He_________hisstudentsashisownchildren.他把学生看作自己的孩子。(2)Thedoctorsaretryingto______himwithanewdrug.医生们尝试用一种新药为他治病。(3)Hiswoundis_________over.他的伤口正在愈合。(4)Themedicinewill______youofyourcough.这药能治好你的咳嗽。(5)WhenIlefthospitalIwascompletely______.出院时我已完全康复了。treatedtreat25\nhealingcurecured3.announce/declare(1)announce宣布；宣告(含有“预告”的意思)，尤其是大家所关心的或有新闻价值的事情的宣布。用announce说个人要做某事，常常含有“郑重其事”的意思。(2)declare宣布(如公开声明战争、和平、中立、意见等)，用于正式场合。[应用3]　(1)Thispowerfulcountry_________waronthatsmallcountry.这个大国向那个小国宣战。(2)Itwas___________thattherewouldbeacelebrationonSunday.据宣布，星期日要举行庆祝(活动)。declaredannounced4.apartfrom/inaddition(to)/aswellas/except/exceptfor/exceptthat/besidesapartfrom除……之外(既可以表示except或exceptfor，也可以表示besides)inaddition也；另外；此外；还(相当于副词besides)inadditionto除……以外还(相当于介词besides)aswellas还；既……又……；也(相当于介词besides)except(＝but)除……之外(不包括在内)exceptfor除……之外(强调有美中不足)exceptthat(what/when/where)除了……besides除……之外(包括在内)；况且；此外[应用4]　用上述词或词组填空(1)Ilikeher____________sheisangry.(2)Ihavereadalotofnovels_____________________________________someshort25\nstories.(3)Yourcompositionisverygood_____________________somespellingmistakes.(4)___________________，wehavearesearch－orientedprogram.(5)Theyallwenttosleep____________________thelittleboy.exceptwheninadditionto/besides/aswellas/apartfromapartfrom/exceptforInaddition/Besidesapartfrom/except高效作业自我测评·技能备考Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Anurse_____________(照料)tohisneedsconstantly.2．MrSmithisa__________(内科医师)inthehospital.3．Ascientifictheoryistheresultofthe_________(科学的)method.4．Shedoesn'twantto_________(暴露)herselftothepublic,becausesheisashygirl.5．Destructionoftheenvironmentisoneofthemostserious_____________(挑战)weface.attended　physicianscientificexposechallenges6．Hedrewac_____________afteralotofexperiments.7．Whoistob___________forstartingthefire?8．A____________fromyourspelling,yourcompositionisrathergood.9．Havetheya_____________whentheplanewilltakeoff?10．Youmustbec_____________________whencrossingthestreet.conclusion　blameApart25\nannouncedcautious/carefulⅡ.单项选择1．(2010·桂林中学)Hisfailureat______firstattemptdidn‘tdisappointhim.Instead,hegatheredhiscourageandtried______secondtime.A．the;theB．the;aC．a;theD．a;a答案：B解析：考查冠词的用法。第一空序数词前要加定冠词the，此处指第一次尝试；asecondtime表示“又一次，再一次”，用不定冠词。2．(2010·陕西西安质检)Itdoesn‘tmakesense______after______.Youshouldcheerupandpracticehardinstead.A．tocomplain;beingdefeatedB．complain;defeatingC．complain;beingdefeatedD．tocomplain;defeating答案：A解析：考查非谓语动词的用法。根据句子结构可知，it在句中作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语，由此可以排除B、C两项；根据语意可知，you与defeat是动宾关系，即要用被动形式，由此可以排除D项。故选A。3．Thedoctor______thepatientwithgreatcareandsaidtherewasnothingwrongwithhim.A．testedB．attendedC．examinedD．checked答案：C解析：考查动词辨析。examine“仔细检查，以找出线索或发现问题”，合题意。test指检测某人的品质、能力或事物的质量、性能；attend“出席，参加”；check“检查，核对”，强调检验事物是否与预料中的现象或标准一致。25\n4．Inmyopinion,itisthecoachratherthantheplayersthat______.A．istoblameB．istobeblamedC．aretoblameD．aretobeblamed答案：A解析：此题既考查语法主谓一致，又考查单词blame的习惯用法——用主动表被动。句意为“在我看来，是教练而不是队员该受责备”。5．Hehasnootherinterests______hiswork.A．farfromB．awayfromC．apartfromD．exceptthat答案：C解析：apartfrom“除了”，既可表示“除……之外没有”，相当于except,也可表示“除……之外也/还……”，相当于besides。6．—Whatdoyouthinkoftheplanhe______atthemeeting?—Verygood.Butthemostimportantistoputitinto______.A．putup;actionB．putforward;practiceC．putaside;practiceD．putaway;truth答案：B解析：putforward的意思是“提出意见、计划”，putintopractice意思为“实施；实行”。7．Eatingtoomuchfatcan______heartdiseaseandcausehighbloodpressure.A．relatetoB．contributetoC．attendtoD．devoteto答案：B解析：contributeto“有助于，成为……的原因，对……有贡献”，在此相当于leadto或resultin。relateto和……有关系；attendto注意，专心，处理；devoteto致力于。8．TheTownHall______inthe1800‘swasthemostdistinguishedbuildingatthattime.A．tobecompletedB．havingbeen25\ncompletedC．completedD．beingcompleted答案：C解析：complete和theTownHall之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词短语来做定语。9．______thesunforlong,you‘llgetsunburnt.A．ExposedtoB．BeingexposedC．ExposingtoD．Toexposeto答案：A解析：exposedto在句中做状语，表示“被暴露在阳光下”。10．Althoughthismedicinecancureyou______yourillness,ithasabadeffect______you.A．for;inB．for;onC．of;onD．of;at答案：C解析：考查介词搭配。cure...of...治愈；haveabadeffecton对……有坏的影响。11．WhenIopenedthedoor,Ifoundmyfathersittinginhischair,completely______amagazine.A．absorbinginB．absorbedinC．absorbingtoD．absorbedto答案：B解析：句意为“当我打开门时，我发现父亲正坐在椅子上，全神贯注地读杂志”。beabsorbedin...“全神贯注于……”，在句中用做伴随状语，应用过去分词形式。12．－Howaboutjoiningusinthegame?－I’msorry.Ihaveanurgentmatterto______.A．relatetoB．handletoC．attendtoD．referto答案：C解析：句意为：——同我们一起做游戏怎么样？——抱歉。我有急事要处理。attendto处理，照顾。relateto与……有联系；handle处理；referto指，谈到，提到。25\n13．(2010·山东潍坊质量监测)Facedwithaproblem,youhaveto______itfirst,andthentrytofindasolution.A．resembleB．substituteC．concentrateD．analyze答案：D解析：考查动词辨析。语意为：面对问题，你必须先分析，然后尽力找出解决办法。resemble看起来像；substitute代替；concentrate集中(注意力)；analyze分析。14．Ithreatenedtoreportthetaxidriverforillegally______apassenger,buthepointedathis“NotforHire”signanddroveaway.A．resistingB．rejectingC．reducingD．removing答案：B解析：reject拒绝接受；resist抵抗，反抗；reduce减少；remove去掉。15．－HaveyouheardofapersoninQingdaowhowonamillioninthelottery?－Amillion!______wehadwonit.A．WhatifB．OnlyifC．WhataboutD．Ifonly答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。从后面的hadwon可知，这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气形式，而选项中只有D项后面的句子用虚拟语气，故选D项。Whatif...“如果……怎么办？”；Onlyif...“只有……”；Whatabout...“……怎么样？”；Ifonly...“但愿；要是……就好了”。句意：“你听说了吗？青岛的一个人买彩票中了一百万大奖！”“一百万！要是我们中了就好了。”Ⅲ.完形填空Ihadmyfirstchocolatebaratfive.I'llneverforgetthedelicious，comfortingtaste.ItwasWorldWarⅡ.IlivedinasmalltowninEuropewhentheRussianarmy__1__westtowardNaziGermany.Manypeopleinourvillagefledin__2__.Inthe__3__,Istoodwithmy12yearoldsister，Elyte，neartherailroadstation,__4__atrainleavingforGermanywaited.25\nOnlyfamilieswere__5__toboardthetrain.Justbeforedeparture，awoman__6__aloneapproachedus.“I'lltakecareofhim，”shetoldElyte,and__7__meontothetrainasitleftthestation.TheentiretripI__8__formymother.WearrivedinHamburg.Deadbodies__9__thebombedoutstreets.Nowthatthewomanhad__10__escapedthesmalltownshehadnomoreuseforme.Ilivedonthestreets，likethousandsof__11__childreninthatwartorncity.I__12__bystealingfood.Still，therewasneverenough.Iwasskinandbones，closeto__13__.ThentheAmericantroopsarrived.Theylookedsobigand__14__.Stealingfoodfromthemwaseasy.I'd__15__intothehall,hideunderatableandmakeoffwithloavesoffreshbread.OneafternoonasIhidbehindatentinsearchoffood，ahugehandliftedmeupbythe__16__,anAmericansoldier.“Gotya！”heshouted.Iwasscared,andIcouldseeit__17__him.“It'sokay,kid，”hesaid.Hereachedintohisuniformandhandedmeachocolatebar.“Here，havesomeofthis.”Iunwrappeditandtookasmall__18__.Aswiththatfirsttasteofchocolate,IthoughtI'dgoneto__19__.Thesoldiertookmetoanorphanage(孤儿院)runbytheRedCross.Soonafter，afamilywholivedinPennsylvaniaadoptedmeandbroughtmeup.God,Iwanttopay__20__allthepeoplewhoweresogoodtome，Iprayed.1．A.sweptB.occupiedC.foughtD.defeated2．A.hurryB.dangerC.panicD.surprise3．A.confusionB.settlementC.disorderD.mass4．A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where5．A.preparedB.allowedC.forbiddenD.organized6．A.workingB．living25\nC.travelingD.walking7．A.pickedB.pulledC.askedD.forced8．A.criedB.workedC.searchedD.started9．A.grewB.litteredC.spreadD.poured10．A.actuallyB.certainlyC.eventuallyD.gradually11．A.anotherB.someC.theirD.other12．A.survivedB.beggedC.accompaniedD.prayed13．A.dyingB.lyingC.starvingD.escaping14．A.wealthyB.healthyC.luckyD.crazy15．A.rushB.stealC.walkD.step16．A.chestB.handC.neckD.collar17．A.upsetB.astonishedC.interestedD.frightened18．A.mouthB.pieceC.sheetD.bite19．A.earthB.worldC.heavenD.sky20．A.forB.offC.outD.back25\n答案及解析：1.A。sweepwesttoward向西横扫纳粹军队。2.C。我们村子里的很多人都惊恐地逃走了。inpanic惊恐地。3.A。由于当时人们都在惊恐地逃跑，所以形势混论，作者自然就处于混乱之中。intheconfusion在混乱之中。4.D。考查定语从句，where在定语从句中做状语。5.B。只有完整家庭的人才被允许乘车。sb.beallowedtodosth.某人被允许去做某事。6.C。因为是在车站，所以这名女士是旅游的。7.B。pullsb.ontosp.把某人拉上什么地方。8.A。整个旅程中我都在哭泣，因为我想我的母亲。9.B。尸体乱扔，乱堆在街道上。littervt.乱堆，乱扔。10.C。既然那名女士最终逃离了那个战火纷飞的村庄，她就不再需要我了。eventually最终地，最后。11.D。other放在名词前做定语，表示“其他的”，这里讲的是“我”就像成千上万的其他的无家可归的孩子一样在街上流浪。12.A。我靠偷食物吃才幸存下来。survive存活下来。13.C。但是我还是没有足够多的东西吃，所以我瘦得皮包骨头，快要饿死了。becloseton．/doingsth快要，险些。14.B。讲美国军队的状况，bigandhealthy强大，健康。15.B。固定短语，stealintosp.偷偷溜进某地。16.D。根据常识判断，liftsbupbythecollar抓住衣领把某人拉起来。17.A。我很恐惧，我也看到我的恐惧让他很难过。这是那个美国士兵给我巧克力吃的原因。18.D。takeabite吃一口。19.C。巧克力的味道让我感觉像是要上天堂。20.D。payback回报，报答。我想报答那些曾经对我友好的人。Ⅳ.短文改错Likemostofmyschoolmates,Ihaveneitherbrothersnor1.______sisters—inanyotherwords,Iamanonlychild.Myparents2.______lovemedearlyofcourseandwilldoalltheycanmakesure3.______25\nthatIgetagoodeducation.Theydidnotwantmetodo4.______anyworkatfamily;theywantmetodevoteallmytimeto5.______√去掉anycan后加todid→dofamily→homemystudiessothatI'llgetgoodmarksinallmysubject.We6.______maybeonefamilyandliveunderasameroof,butwedo7.______notseemtogetmuchtimetotalkabouttogether.Itlooks8.______asifmyparentstreatmeasavisitorandaguest.Dothey9.______reallyunderstandtheirowndaughter?Whatthingsarelikeinotherhomes,Iwonder.10.______subject→subjectsa→the去掉aboutand→orhomes→families25