高考英语 Unit 5　First aid要点梳理+重点突破 新人教版必修5

必修5　Unit5　Firstaid要点梳理高效梳理·知识备考●重点单词1．aidn.&vt.帮助；援助；资助2．temporaryadj.暂时的；临时的3．injuryn．损伤；伤害→injurev．受伤4．bleedvi.&vt.流血→bled(过去式)→bled(过去分词)5．chokevi.&vt.(使)噎住；(使)窒息6．poisonn．毒药；毒害vt.毒害；使中毒→poisonousadj.有毒的7．varietyn．变化；多样(化)；多变(性)→variousadj.各种各样的→varyv．变化8．mildadj.轻微的；温和的；温柔的→mildlyadv.轻微地；温和地9．swellvi.&vt.(使)膨胀；隆起→swollenadj.肿胀的10．squeezevt.&vi.榨；挤；压榨11．symptomn．症状；征兆12．pourvt.&vi.倒；灌；注；涌13．tightadj.牢的；紧的；紧密的→tightlyadv.紧地14．firmadj.(动作)稳定有力的；坚定的→firmlyadv.坚固地；稳定地15．treatvt.&vi.治疗；对待；款待n．款待；招待→treatmentn．治疗；疗法；对待；待遇16．applyvt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用vi.申请；请求；使用；有效→applicantn．申请人→applicationn．申请(书)17．pressuren．压力；挤压；压迫(感)●重点短语1．firstaid　急救2．fallill生病22\n3．prevent...from...阻止……4．getburned烧伤5．electricshock触电；电休克6．squeezeout榨出；挤出7．overandoveragain反复；多次8．inplace在适当的位置；适当9．anumberof若干；许多10．putone’shandson找到11．makeadifference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用●重点句型1．Ifburnsareonarmsorlegs,keepthemhigherthantheheart,ifpossible.若烫伤是在胳膊或腿上，如果可能的话，把它们抬得高于心脏。2．Johnwasstudyinginhisroomwhenheheardscreaming.约翰正在房间里做功课，突然听到一声尖叫。3．ItwasJohn’squickactionandknowledgeoffirstaidthatsavedMsSlade’slife.正是约翰的快速反应和急救知识救了斯莱德女士的命。4．Thereisnodoubt_thatJohn’squickthinkingandthefirstaidskillshelearnedatschoolsavedMsSlade’slife.毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校所学的急救技术，使得斯莱德女士得救了。●高考范文(2008·湖南)请从下列人物中选择你最喜欢的一位，用英语写一篇120词左右的短文。要求根据所给信息作适当发挥，且需包括以下三部分内容：1．对该人物的简单介绍；2．喜欢该人物的理由；3．从该人物身上得到的启示。22\n   ThomasEdisonHelenKellerWilliamShakespeareinventor；creative;diligent；fullofwisdomordinarybutgreatwoman;disabled；optimistic;eagertolearnwriter;talented；imaginative;manofallages　22\n“Geniusisonepercentinspirationandninety－ninepercentperspiration.”“...ifIhadthepowerofsightforthreedays.”“Lifeisastage...”[范文]BorninAmerica,ThomasEdisonwasagreatscientistandinventor.Hewasoncethoughttobeaboywhowasnotwortheducating.Infact,hewasamanfullofimagination.IadmireEdisonalotbecauseofhisgreatcontributiontotheworld.Hehadmorethan1000inventions.Inhislifetime,hewasalwayseagertoknowhowthingsworked,whichhelpedhimtoearnthenickname“theWizardofMeloPark”.Hewasalsosodiligentthatheworkeddayandnight.Andthisexplainedwhyhehadsomanygreatinventions.Whatimpressesmemostishisfamoussaying,“Geniusisonepercentinspirationandninety－ninepercentperspiration”.ProbablyIcannotbeanEdisonmyself,butIcanbeahardworkinglearner.Fromhim,Irealizethesecrettosuccessisnotwhenorwhereyouwereborn,butwhatyouaredoingandhowyou考点探究互动探究·能力备考Ⅰ.词汇短语过关1．aidn．&vt.援助；资助；救助firstaid急救give/do/offersb.firstaidgive/do/offerfirstaidtosb.对某人进行急救withtheaid/helpof...在……的帮助下22\nwithoutsb.‘said/help没有某人的帮助gotoone’said/help前去帮助某人aidsb.todosth.帮助某人做某事aidsb.in/with...为……帮助某人[即学即练1](1)Theorganizationofferseconomic____________theThirdWorld.这个组织给第三世界提供经济援助。(2)Dictionariesare___________________learninglanguages.字典对于学习语言有很大的帮助。(3)They______thepoorcountry______money.他们用钱帮助那个穷国。aidtoagreataidinaidedwith(4)Hisworkmates______him____________thedifficulty.他的工友们帮助他克服了困难。　　aidedtoovercome2．swellv．(使)膨胀；增长(swelled,swollen)n．涌浪；海浪的涌动swollenadj.肿胀的swell(sth.)into/tosth.(使某物)膨胀，肿胀，增强，增多swell(sth.)withpride/angeretc.洋洋得意/怒气冲冲等[即学即练2](1)Herface______(______)withtoothache./Herface____________(______)withtoothache.她的脸因牙痛而肿了起来。(2)Asmallbusiness____________abigcompany.22\n小商店发展成大公司。(3)Herheart__________________asshewatchedhersonreceivinghisaward.看着儿子领奖时，她心中充满了自豪。　swelledupwasswollenupswelledintoswelledwithpride3．squeezevt.&vi.榨；挤；压榨squeezeout榨出；挤出squeeze...outof/from...把……从……中榨出来squeezeinto/through...挤进……[即学即练3](1)Mustyou_________thetoothpastetubeinthemiddle？你非得从中间挤牙膏吗？(2)Tryto________abitmore____________thetube.尽量从管里再挤出一点儿。(3)Fiveofus____________thebackseatofthecar.我们中有5个人挤进了汽车的后座。squeezesqueezeoutofsqueezedinto4．treatvt.治疗；对待；款待n．款待；招待treat...as/like把……当做treatsb./oneself(tosth.)请客吃……beone’streat由/该某人请客22\n[即学即练4](1)They______me______oneofthefamily,whichwasverykindofthem.他们把我作为一个家庭成员来对待，他们真是太好了。(2)Heisseriouslyill,and__________________inhospitalnow.他病得很重，现在在医院接受治疗。(3)We’ll______you______dinner.我们请你吃饭。(4)__________________.Whatwouldyouliketoeat?我请客，你们想吃什么？treatedasisbeingtreatedtreattoIt’smytreat5．applyvt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用vi.申请；请求；使用；有效applyto适用于apply...to...把……应用到applytosb.for...向某人申请……applyoneselfto(doing)sth.专注于；专心做某事[即学即练5](1)Whatyousaiddoesn’t____________me.你所说的并不适合我。(2)Youcan’t______thisrule______everycase.这个规则并不能适用于所有的状况。(3)She____________ajob______anEnglishteacher.她应征英语教师的工作。(4)Wehadto____________thegovernment______financialhelp.我们只好向政府申请财务援助。applytoapplytoappliedfor22\nasapplytofor(5)He__________________learningEnglish.他专心学英语。appliedhimselfto6．fallill生病fallasleep睡着，入睡fallbehind(竞赛等)落在(对方)后面；输给别人fallapart土崩瓦解；(关系)崩裂，崩溃falldown从……落下；倒下；跌倒；(建筑物等)倒塌；(计划等)失败falloff下降；跌落fallover跌倒[即学即练6](1)Caughtinaheavyrain,he____________anddied.淋了大雨，他生了一场病就死了。(2)Workhard,orwewill____________.努力学习，否则我们就会落后。(3)He____________hisbikewhileriding.他骑车时从自行车上摔了下来。　　fellillfallbehindfelloff7．inplace在适当的位置；适当outofplace不在适当的位置；不恰当inthefirstplace首先，第一22\ninthenextplace其次，第二点inplaceof...代替……taketheplaceof...代替，取代takeone‘splace代替某人；就座takeplace发生，举行giveplaceto让位于，为……取代[即学即练7](1)Shelikeseverythingtobe____________beforeshestartswork.她喜欢东西都摆好再开始工作。(2)Herdresswasquite____________attheceremony.在那个典礼上她的服装非常得体。(3)Ifeltcompletely__________________amongallthosesmartrichpeople.在那些衣冠楚楚的富人中间，我觉得自己完全格格不入。(4)__________________forthenextdance.各就各位，准备跳下一个舞。inplaceinplaceoutofplaceTakeyourplaces8．putone‘shandson＝lay/getone’shandson找到，得到athand在手边；即将来到byhand用手做，靠手工fromhandtohand从一人手中传到另一人手中handinhand手拉手，共同地inhand在手里；在掌握中，在控制下joinhands携手，联手ontheonehand...,ontheotherhand...一方面……，另一方面……outofhand无法控制22\n[即学即练8](1)I‘llbringsometapesifIcan________________________them.如果找得到的话，我会带几盒录音带来。(2)________________________，Iwanttosellthehouse,but________________________Ican’tbearthethoughtofmoving.一方面我想把房子卖掉，但另一方面我又不愿搬家。(3)Don‘tworry—allthearrangementsare____________.别担心，一切都安排好了。laymyhandsonOntheonehandontheotherhandinhand(4)Hebelievesthatthegreatdayis____________.他相信这个伟大的日子就要来到了。　　　athand9．makeadifference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用makenodifference(tosb./sth.)对某人/物没有作用或影响，对某人/物不重要/不要紧makesomedifference(tosb./sth.)对某人/物有些作用或影响tellthedifference分辨，区分，区别[即学即练9](1)It_______________________whichwayhegoes.他走哪条路会有很大不同。(2)Whetherhewillcome_________________.他是否来无关紧要。(3)Thetwinsaresoalike.It’sdifficultto__________________.这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分出谁是谁。　22\nmakesagreatdifferencemakesnodifferencetellthedifferenceⅡ.重点句型详解1．Ifburnsareonarmsorlegs,keepthemhigherthantheheart,if_possible.如果烫伤的部位在臂部或腿部，如果可能的话就要把手臂或腿抬到高于心脏的位置。ifpossible为状语从句的省略，其完整形式为ifitispossible。①Ifpossible,doitbyyourself.可能的话，你自己做。②Ifpossible,I‘llgotoBeijingtomorrow.如果可能的话，明天我要去北京。拓展：ifso如果这样的话ifnot如果不是的话ifany如果有的话ifnecessary如果必要的话ifever如果曾经有的话[即境活用1]　—IhearBobhasbeenillinhospitalfordays.—______，let‘sgotoseehim.A．Ifever　　B．IfanyC．IfpossibleD．Ifso答案：D解析：考查省略句ifso“如果这样的话”。2．Johnwas_studyinginhisroomwhenheheardscreaming.约翰正在屋里学习，突然听到一声尖叫。when并列连词，意为“这时”，相当于andthen。when作并列连词用时，构成并列句，意为“就在这时，恰恰在这时”，多用在下列句型中：22\n...bedoing...when...正在……这时……...beabouttodo...when...正打算做……这时……bejustgoingtodo...when...正要……这时……hadjustdone...when...刚做了……这时……beonthepointofdoing...when...正要……这时……①Hewassleepingwhentherewasaknockatthedoor.他正在睡觉，这时有人敲门。②Iwasabouttogooutwhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.我刚想出门，这时有人敲门。③Wehadjustbeguntoworkwhenthemachinebrokedown.我们刚开始工作，这时机器坏了。④Thethiefwasonthepointofputtinghishandintothelady‘shandbagwhenthebussuddenlystopped.小偷正要把手伸进那位女士的手提袋中，这时公共汽车突然停了。[即境活用2]　Thechildrenwereplayingfootballhappilyontheplayground______itbegantorainheavily.A．asB．whileC．whenD．suddenly答案：C解析：句意为：孩子们正在操场上高兴地踢足球，这时天开始下起大雨。易错点拨自我完善·误区备考1.injury/wound/hurt/damage/harm(1)injury指平时的大、小创伤或伤害，也可用于无生命物。(2)wound指战斗中刀或枪的创伤、伤口。(3)hurt尤指精神上或感情上的伤害，肉体上的伤痛。(4)damage指损失、损害(不表示伤痛)，主要用于物。(5)harm指精神和肉体上的极大损害，不但可用于生物也可用于抽象事物。[应用1]　(1)Toomuchdrinkingwilldoyougreat______/dogreat______toyou.过量饮酒有害。(2)Hegotan______intheaccident.他在事故中受伤。(3)FirescausedbytheCaliforniaEarthquakedidthemost______.在加利福尼亚大地震中，火灾造成的损失最大。22\nharmharminjurydamage(4)Thesoldierhada______inhischest.这位战士胸部受伤。(5)Mysympathyeasedhis______.我的同情减轻了他的痛苦。　　　woundhurt2.anumberof/thenumberof同：两者均修饰可数名词复数。异：anumberof是指“大量的”，后面的谓语动词是复数形式。thenumberof是指“……的数量”，后面的谓语动词是单数形式。[应用2]　(1)_________________studentsinmyclassis56.(2)________________ourclassmatesloveEnglish.ThenumberofAnumberof高效作业自我测评·技能备考Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Theoldmanwassenttohospitalbecauseofhighbloodp_____________.2．Thecutonmyarmb____________alotwhenIwashurtyesterday.3．Assoonashecamebacktolifefromtheaccident,hecalledana______________.22\n4．Thedogwaskilledbyratp___________.pressure　bledambulancepoison5．Hehadabadlys__________ankleafterfallingdownfromthestairs.6．Moreandmorepeopleareriding_______(电的)bikes.7．AlthoughI______(倒)itcarefully,Ispiltsomeoftheoil.8．Inthecrashhesufferedsevere___________(伤)totheheadandarms.9．Thenewsofthe_________(辐射)leakcausedwidespreadpublicalarm.10．Anoldwomanwasfound_________(使窒息)todeath.swollen　electricpouredinjuriesradiationchokedⅡ.单项选择1．－Let’sgoDutchforthissupper.OK?－No,______thistime,asarewardforallyourhelp.A．it’suptoyou　　　　　　B．it’smytreatC．let’stalkaboutitD．itdoesn’tmatter答案：B解析：句意为：“这顿晚饭让我们AA制吧。”“不，这次由我请客，作为对你的帮助的回报。”A项意为“由你做决定”；B项意为“由我请客”；C项意为“让我们讨论一下”；D项意为“没关系”。22\n2．(2010·湖北百校联考)Themostsuccessfulretiredathletesarethosewhocan______thelifeskillstheylearnedinsportstoanotherareaoflife.A．contributeB．employC．applyD．engage答案：C解析：考查动词辨析。语意：最成功的退役运动员当属那些能将自己在体育中学到的人生技能运用到人生的另外一个领域的人。这里用applyAtoB表示“把A应用于B”。3．－Whatdoyouthinkofournextgame?－Abitworried.We______itwithourtwomajorplayers______injured.A．havelost;/B．willhavelost;beingC．willlose;areD．arelosing;/答案：D解析：第一空用现在进行时表将来；第二空为with的复合结构，过去分词injured做宾补。4．Youhavetobeaccurateinthisjob,becauseasmallmistakecanmakeabig______.A．differenceB．difficultyC．troubleD．change答案：A解析：makea(some,no)difference有(一些，没有什么)作用；关系；影响。5．OnarainydayIwasdrivingnorththroughVermont______Inoticedayoungmanholdingupasignreading“Boston”．A．whichB．whileC．whenD．as答案：C解析：句意为：在一个雨天我正开车沿Vermont向北行驶，这时我注意到一个年轻人举着一个写着Boston的牌子。when这时。其他选项无此意。6．Lifeistoughinthecity.Inordertolosetheir______，somepeopledrinkalcohol.A．temperB．moodC．consciousnessD．pressures22\n答案：D解析：句意为“在城里生活很艰辛，为了减压，一些人喝酒”。A.脾气；B.情绪；C.意识；D.压力。7．It'sagoodhabittokeepeverything______inyourstudy.A．inthewayB．inplaceC．inhandD．intheplace答案：B解析：keep...inplace把……保存在适当的位置。intheway挡道，碍事；inhand保有，可用；intheplace在这个地方。8．______mostefficientwaytounderstandthousandsofnewwordsistogain______goodknowledgeofbasicwordinformation.A．A;aB．The;/C．A;/D．The;the答案：A解析：考查冠词。第一空amostefficientway表示“一种非常有效的方法”，第二空aknowledgeof指“一门……知识”。9．(2010·河北辛集中学调研)IthinkJackwill______agoodmonitor,soI'dliketovoteforhim.A．turnB．changeC．makeD．elect答案：C解析：考查动词辨析。此处make表示“成为”。假如选择A项，应该去掉句中的不定冠词。10．(2010·江西高安中学)－DidyouhaveanytroublefindingyourwayinShanghai?－Yes,Itriedtofindmywaytotheairportbut______.A．hasbeenlostB．getlostC．lostD．gotlost答案：D解析：前面的问句以及tried暗示时态应为一般过去时，因此选gotlost。11．(2010·贵阳部分学校联考)Thepaintingissovaluablethatitisdifficulttocalculate______itspricewouldbe.22\nA．thatB．whichC．whatD．/答案：C解析：考查名词性从句。这里用what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作表语。这画太名贵了，很难估量其价格。12．(2010·江西师大附中)______thatweshouldlookafterthethreedogsthreetimes,mymotherlefthome.A．MentioningB．HavingbeenmentionedC．HavingmentionedD．Mentioned答案：C解析：mention这个动作的逻辑主语是mother，首先排除B、D两项；mention这个动作发生在leave之前，故应用havingdone的形式。13．Thereare______peopledancingandsingingintheparkonMayDay.A．agreatmanyB．agreatmanyofC．thelargenumberofD．agreatdealof答案：A解析：agreatmany修饰可数名词复数；agreatdealof修饰不可数名词；thenumberof“……的数量”；agreatmanyof所修饰的可数名词前有the,these,those等。14．Heisalwaystooreadytohelpothers,seldom,______，refusingthemwhentheyturntohim.A．ifneverB．ifeverC．ifnotD．ifpossible答案：B解析：句意为：“……他很少拒绝别人，如果曾经有过的话。”15．Tomhaspractisedhispartoverandoveragain.______thathewillperformwellonthestage.A．NodoubtB．NowonderC．NopossibilityD．Nogood答案：A22\n解析：句意：汤姆已经反复练习他的角色多次了。毫无疑问他将会在舞台上有很好的表现。Ⅲ.完形填空“Areyoutoostupidtodoanythingright？”Thesewords—saidbyawomantoalittleboywhowasobviouslyherson—werespoken__1__hehadwalkedawayfromher.Theboyreturned,hiseyesdowncast.Nota__2__moment,perhaps,__3__smallmomentssometimeslastaverylongtime.Andafewwords—thoughtheymean__4__atthetimetothepeoplewhosaythem—canhavegreat__5__.IrecentlyheardastoryfromamannamedMalcolmDalkoff.Forthelast24yearshehasbeenaprofessional__6__.Hereiswhathetoldme：AsaboyinRockIsland,Dalkoffwasterribly__7__.Hehadfew__8__andnoselfconfidence.Oneday,hisEnglishteacher,RuthBrach,gavetheclassanassignment(作业).ThestudentshadbeenreadingToKillaMockingbird.Nowtheyweretowritetheirownchapterthatwould__9__thelastchapterofthenovel.Dalkoffwrotehischapterandturnedit__10__.Todayhecannotrecallanything__11__aboutthechapterhewrote,orwhat__12__MrsBranchgavehim.WhathedoesrememberisthefourwordsMrs.Branchwroteinthemargin(空白处)ofthepaper：“Thisis__13__writing.”Fourwords.They__14__hislife.__15__Ireadthosewords,IhadnoideaofwhoIwasor__16__Iwasgoingtobe，”hesaid.“Afterreadinghernote,Iwenthomeandwroteashortstory,somethingIhadalwaysbeen__17__ofdoingbutneverbelievedIcoulddo.”Overtherestofthatyearinschool,hewrotemanyshortstoriesandalwaysbroughtthemtoschoolforMrsBranchtoevaluate.Shewas__18__,toughandhonest.“ShewasjustwhatI__19__，”Dalkoffsaid.Hisconfidence__20__.Dalkoffbelievesthatnoneofthiswouldhavehappenedifthatwomanhadnotwrittenthosefourwordsinthemarginofhispaper.1．A.whereB.whyC.becauseD.when22\n2．A.wonderfulB.difficultC.funnyD.big3．A.yetB.althoughC.forD.therefore4．A.muchB.littleC.moreD.most5．A.meaningB.powerC.forceD.sense6．A.writerB.playerC.poetD.singer7．A.sorryB.proudC.sickD.shy8．A.booksB.ideasC.friendsD.chances9．A.followB.matchC.decideD.improve10．A.onB.inC.outD.down11．A.moreB.againC.specialD.different12．A.honorsB.remarksC.prizesD.grade13．A.poorB.seriousC.goodD.silly14．A.changedB.damagedC.affectedD.improved15．A.UnlessB.UntilC.WhenD.While22\n16．A.whatB.howC.whereD.which17．A.tiredB.fondC.proudD.dreaming18．A.strictB.kindC.encouragingD.praising19．A.fearedB.neededC.expectedD.loved20．A.grewB.liftedC.appearedD.returned答案及解析：1.C。妈妈说气话是“因为”小孩从她身边走开了。2.D。从后句中的smallmoments推出。3.A。根据句意表转折。4.B。有时候几句话对说话者没什么关系或影响，但对听话者有时候有很大的影响。5.B。meaning是“意思，含义”，power表“影响力”。6．A。根据后文可知道Dalkoff是职业作家。7．D。根据后文小男孩没有朋友，没有自信可推断他“害羞”。8．C。9．A。接着小说的最后一章再自己写一章。10．B。turnin“上交”。11．C。现在他不记得自己所写的特别之处，也不记得老师所给的分数。12．D13．C。老师赞扬他的文章。14．A。老师对他的肯定评价改变了他的一生。15．B。考查not...until...句型。16．A。直到读了这几个字我才知道我是谁，我今后要干什么。17．D。写故事是我一直梦想但又从来不相信我能做的事。22\n18．C。根据前文知道老师是一个“给人鼓励”的人。19．B。Dalkoff从小是个害羞的人，如果没有这个老师，没有这个老师的鼓励肯定，Dalkoff的一生就不会有改变，所以“老师正是他所需要的”。文章没谈到对老师的“爱”，所以排除D。20．A。grow“增加”。Ⅳ.短文改错Timefliesasanarrow.I'malreadyinthesecondhalf1.____________________ofseniorgrade3beforeIrealizedit.Itisonlyalittlemore2.___________________thanthreemonthsbeforeIgraduatemiddleschool.3._____________________Atthepresent,I'mbusyreviewingmylessonsinorderto4._______________________as→likerealized→realizegraduate后加from去掉thetakethecollegeentranceexamination.Ihopetogoto5.___________________BeijingUniversity,thatisoneofthebestuniversitiesnot6._________________onlyinChinabutalsointheworld.I'lltrymybesttoturn7.___________________mydreamtoreality.Mostofmyclassmatesarealso8.__________________examination→examinationsthat→which√to→intostudyingveryhardtorealizeourwishes.Idobelieveeveryone9._________________willbeabletoenteraverygooduniversityandcollege.10.________________our→theirand→or22\n22