2022外研版英语大一轮复习练习必修三Module 3 The Violence of Nature（附解析）

课后双卷·练透提能得分点A卷　单元语基巩固卷Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Istilldon'tknowwhatcausedthecomputertocrash(crash).2．Theprofessorreferredtohisexperiences(experience)abroadwhenhegaveusatalk.3．Struck/Stricken(strike)bythemudslide，thetownwascutofffromtheoutside.4．Somepeopletriedmanywaystoloseweight，endingupgaining(gain)weightsoonagain.5．Theyfoundtheremainsofbuildingsburied(bury)underthesand，togetherwithalotoftreasure.6．AnideaoccurredtomethatIshouldturntomyformerteacherforhelp.7．ShepickedupSpanishwhileshewaslivinginMexico.8．Shemusthaveleftthehandbagwheresheoftenhasadatewithherboyfriend.9．AftertheearthquakeIsawthewholetowninruins，butnoweverythinghaschanged.10．Thegovernmenthasissuedawarningthatthefishmaynotbefittoeat.Ⅱ.选词填空endup;setfireto;catchfire;putout;plentyofThefactory1.caughtfirelastweek.Althoughitwas2.putoutbythefirefighters，3.plentyoflosseshavebeenbroughtabout.Thepolicesuspectedthatsomeone4.setfiretoit.Aftermakingsomeinvestigations，itwasfoundthataburningcigarettecausedthefire.Ofcourse，themanconcernedwastoblameforit，and5.endedupinprison.Greatchangeshave6.takenplaceinourschoolsince2019.Thereare3，000students7.inallinourschool，almosthalfofwhomareadmittedintokeyuniversities.Therefore，everytimewerefertoourschool，wecan'thelpfeelingproudofit.Iwisheveryoneofourschoolcould8.takeoffinthefollowingyear.Ⅲ.完成句子1．我突然想到我们可以去征求老师的建议。Itoccurredtomethat/Itstruckmethatwecouldturntotheteacherforadvice.2．当你出门的时候，你不应该让水一直流。Whenyougoout，youshouldn'tleavethewaterrunning．,3．玉树发生了地震，许多房屋顷刻间就被摧毁了。TheearthquakestruckYushu，destroyingalotofhousesquickly.4．自从妻子离开之后，他一直都埋头工作。Sincehiswifeleft，hehasburiedhimselfin/hasbeenburiedinhiswork.5．当我到学校门口时，我意识到我把书落在咖啡馆了。BythetimeIgottotheschoolgate，IrealizedIhadleftmybookinthecafé.6．因为从国外引进大量新机器，所以增加了产量。Anumberofnewmachineswereintroducedfromabroad，resultinginanincreaseinproduction．Ⅳ.片段写作——用本单元知识完成小作文完成片段作文词汇句式升级　　Lastyear，thepeoplelivingintheareaexperiencedaterrifyinghurricane(经历一场可怕的飓风).①Theviolenthurricane(这场猛烈的飓风)hitthearea，andcausedgreateconomiclosses(造成巨大的经济损失).Sadly，alargenumberofhouseshadbeendestroyed，andalotofpeoplebecamehomeless(无家可归).What'sworse，manyroadsweredamaged(被损坏)，andalargeareaofthecitywasinblackout.②Fortunately，assoonasthedisasterhappened，thelocalgovernmenttookeffectivemeasurestorescuethepeopleburiedunderthefallenhouses(被埋在倒塌的房屋下面).Thankfully，bytheendoflastnight，theelectricpowerhadreturnedtonormal(恢复正常).1.用本单元高级词汇替换加黑单词(1)hit→struck(2)destroyed→ruined(3)happened→occurred2．按要求改写句式(1)用现在分词作结果状语升级句①Theviolenthurricanestruckthearea，causinggreateconomiclosses.(2)用部分倒装句升级句②Fortunately，nosooner/Hardlyhadthedisasteroccurredthan/whenthelocalgovernmenttookeffectivemeasurestorescuethepeopleburiedunderthefallenhouses.B卷　高考题型组合卷　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Ⅰ.阅读理解语篇类型说明文　,主题语境人与社会——历史事件——一本记录伦敦大瘟疫的书　　Inthewinterof1664－1665，thebittercoldfellonLondoninthedaysbefore25December.Abovethecity，anunusuallybrightcomet(彗星)shotacrossthesky，excitingmuchpredictionofasnowstorm.Outsidethecitywall，awoman'sdeathwasannouncedandshediedofadiseasethatwasspreadinginthatarea.Herhousewaslockedup.Followingthat，thevirusthathadkilledthewomanwouldgonotokillnearly100，000peoplelivinginandaroundLondon—almostathirdofthosewhodidnotflee.InTheCreatPlague(瘟疫)：TheStoryofLondon'sMostDeadlyYear，historianA．LloydMooteandmicrobiologistDorothyC．Mooteprovideadeeplyinformedaccountofthisplagueyear.Readingthebook，readersaretakenfromthepalacesofthecity'swealthiestcitizenstothepoorareaswherethevastmajorityofLondonerswereliving，andtothesurroundingcountryside.TheMootespointoutthat，evenattheheightoftheplague，thecitydidnotfallintochaos.Doctorsandnursesremainedinthecitytocareforthesick；cityofficialstriedtheirbesttofightthecrisiswithallthelegaltools；andcommercecontinuedevenasbusinessesshutdown.TodescribelifeanddeathinandaroundLondon，theauthorsfocusontheexperiencesofnineindividuals.Throughtheirlettersanddiaries，theMootesofferfreshdescriptionsofkeyissuesinthehistoryoftheGreatPlague：howdifferentcommunitiesunderstoodandexperiencedthedisease；howmedicalandgovernmentbodiesreacted；howwellthesocialorderheldtogether；theeconomicandmoraldilemmaspeoplefacedwhendebatingwhethertofleethecity；andthenatureofthematerial，social，andspiritualresourcessupportingthosewhoremained.Basedonhumanity(人性)，theauthorsofferamasterfulportraitofacityanditsinhabitantswhowereattackedbyanddaringlyresistedunimaginablehorror.文章大意：本文主要介绍了TheGreatPlague：TheStoryofLondon'sMostDeadlyYear这本书的主要内容以及作者描述伦敦大瘟疫这个历史事件时所采用的写作方法。1．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?A．Acometalwaysfollowsastorm.B．Londonwasunderanapproachingthreat.C．Londonwaspreparedforthedisease.,D．Thewomanwasthebeginningofthedisease.解析：B　考查推理判断。根据第一段第三句“Outsidethecitywall，awoman'sdeathwasannouncedandshediedofadiseasethatwasspreadinginthatarea.”并结合语境可知，当时在伦敦市外，一种致命的疾病正在传播。由此可以推断出，伦敦正面临着一种即将到来的威胁，故选B。2．WhatdotheMootessayaboutLondonduringtheGreatPlague?A．Thecityremainedorganized.B．Theplaguesparedtherichareas.C．Thepeopletriedalotinvain.D．Themajorityfledandthussurvived.解析：A　考查细节理解。根据第三段第三句“TheMootespointoutthat，evenattheheightoftheplague，thecitydidnotfallintochaos.”可知，两位作者指出，即使在瘟疫高峰之时，伦敦市也没有陷入混乱。该段第四句又列举了这个城市保持井然有序的具体体现，故选A。3．WhydotheMootesfocusonthenineindividuals?A．Theywerefamouspeopleinhistory.B．Theyallmanagedtosurvivetheplague.C．Theyprovidedvividstoriesofhumanity.D．Theyunitedbythinkingandactingasone.解析：C　考查推理判断。根据第四段的内容，尤其是最后一句“Basedonhumanity(人性)，theauthorsofferamasterfulportraitofacityanditsinhabitantswhowereattackedbyanddaringlyresistedunimaginablehorror.”可知，以人性为基础，作者巧妙地描绘了伦敦市的情况及其居民受到难以想象的恐惧的袭击并勇敢地抵抗这种恐惧的情况，并结合该段第一句可推知，作者关注这九个人是因为这九个人提供了生动的人性故事，故选C。4．What'sthepurposeofthistext?A．Tointroduceanewbook.B．Tocorrectamisunderstanding.C．Toreportanewstudy.D．Toshowrespectfortheauthors.解析：A　考查写作目的。文章第一和第二段描述了瘟疫爆发时的情景，由此引出了第三和第四段对TheGreatPlague:TheStoryofLondon'sMostDeadlyYear这本书的介绍。由此可知，,本文的写作目的是介绍一本新书，故选A。【词汇积累】　unusuallyadv.特别地，极，非常　excitev．引起；引发　predictionn．预测　fleev．逃避，逃跑　accountn．描述；叙述；报告　holdtogether(使)保持团结dilemman．(进退两难的)窘境，困境　naturen．种类，类型masterfuladj.巧妙的　portraitn．描绘Ⅱ.完形填空语篇类型夹叙夹议文　主题语境人与自我——生活经历——支持女儿学会放弃　　(2020·惠州市高三第一次调研)Mydaughterloveddancinguntilshedidn'tloveit.Afteran1firstyear，Inoticedherinterestfadingweekbyweek.Then，oneday，sheslowlywalkedtomebeforeclassandaskedifshecouldjust2it.Myfirstreactionwasto3herto“finishwhatyoustart”．4，stickingwithsomethingdifficultcanteachperseverance(毅力),disciplineandconfidence.Butwatchingmyfirstgrader5herselfintoeachballetposition，Istartedtoquestionhowmuch6that“blanketadvice”made.Isitreallyinmykid'sbest7，orevenpractical，tomakehersticktoeverycommitmentthroughuntilshereachesabitter8？Whatiftherearedifferentbut9valuablequalities，whichcanbegainedby10thethingsthatarenotrightforher?Withthewintershowapproaching，Irealizedsheneededtoeither11herclassorcommitherselftoit.Afterafewdays'consideration，she12dancewasn'tforher—achoiceI13．Quittingisneverablackandwhiteissue.Sometimes，itmeans14abarrierinyourwaytolovesomethingelse.Inmydaughter'scase，endingdancemadespaceforhernewhobbies，suchashorsebackridingandGirlScouts.She'sintothemfornow，butitisokayifthat15changes.Asadults，weareaccustomedto16thepowerofsayingyes，butwhataboutsayingno?Theabilitytorecognizewhensomethingisn'tan17investmentofourtimeorenergyisalsoimportant.Asmydaughtergetsolder，Iwanthertofeelconfidentto18somethingthat'snolongermeetingherneeds.Sheshouldn'tbeheldbackbythethoughtthatshemust19somethingatanycost20becauseshehasstarted.文章大意：作者的女儿喜欢跳舞，一年之后，女儿逐渐对舞蹈失去兴趣；女儿问作者是否可以不去上课，作者建议女儿要有始有终。随着冬季秀的来临，女儿面临放弃跳舞还是继,续跳舞的选择，女儿最终选择了放弃，作者支持了她的选择并从女儿的例子意识到：适时放弃也是一种重要的能力。1．A.annoying　　　　　　　　B．independentC．enthusiastic　　　D．unbearable解析：C　根据该句中的“Inoticedherinterestfadingweekbyweek”可知，作者注意到女儿的兴趣逐渐减退，故此处表示热情的第一年之后，故选C项。2．A.make　　　B．joinC．skip　　　D．try解析：C　上文讲述女儿的兴趣逐渐减退，故此处应是女儿问作者是否可以不去上课。skip“不参加”符合语境，故选C项。3．A.advise　　　B．inviteC．allow　　　D．order解析：A　根据第6空后的“blanketadvice”可知，作者的第一反应是建议女儿要有始有终，故选A项。4．A.Inaddition　　　B．AfterallC．Atmost　　　D．Bycontrast解析：B　空前一句表述作者建议女儿要有始有终，并结合空后表述的坚持困难的事情有助于训练孩子的毅力、自制力和自信心。afterall“毕竟”符合语境，故选B项。5．A.cheer　　　B．throwC．enjoy　　　D．drag解析：D　上文讲到女儿对跳舞的兴趣逐渐减退，不想去上课，此处应是作者看着女儿费力地做每个芭蕾舞姿势。dragoneselfintosth.意为“费力地进某处”，故选D项。6．A.time　　　B．senseC．labor　　　D．pity解析：B　根据语境以及该句中的“Istartedtoquestion”可知，作者看到这种情况开始质疑之前向女儿提的建议有多少意义。makesense意为“有意义”，故选B项。7．A.honor　　　B．ideaC．behavior　　　D．interest解析：D　前一句表述作者开始质疑自己之前对女儿提的建议有多少意义，并结合语境可知，此处表示让女儿从头到尾坚持每个承诺，直到她最后痛苦不堪，,这真的是对孩子最有利吗？甚至这(种做法)实际吗？interest意为“好处，利益”，故选D项。8．A.end　　　B．spaceC．side　　　D．direction解析：A　参见上题解析。end意为“结局，结尾”，符合语境。9．A.partly　　　B．hardlyC．equally　　　D．seemingly解析：C　根据语境可知，此处表示作者产生疑虑：要是通过放弃那些不适合女儿的事情，以获得不一样的但同样有价值的品质会怎么样呢？equally意为“同样地”，符合语境，故选C项。10.A.lettinggoof　　　B．givingwaytoC．makingupfor　　　D．puttingupwith解析：A　参见上题解析。letgoof“摒弃，放弃”；givewayto“让步”；makeupfor“弥补”；putupwith“容忍，忍受”。故选A项。11．A.teach　　　B．takeC．enter　　　D．drop解析：D　根据该句中的“eitherherclassorcommitherselftoit”可知，此处表示作者意识到女儿需要作出决定——要么放弃舞蹈课，要么认真学好它。drop意为“停止，放弃”，符合语境，故选D项。12．A.decided　　　B．wonderedC．hesitated　　　D．argued解析：A　根据语境可知，经过几天的深思后，女儿最终作出决定——舞蹈不适合她。13．A.doubted　　　B．requiredC．supported　　　D．regretted解析：C　根据下文中的“Quittingisneverablackandwhiteissue...forhernewhobbies”可知，对于女儿作的选择，作者是支持的。14．A.keeping　　　B．clearingC．studying　　　D．crossing解析：B　根据语境以及该句中的“tolovesomethingelse”可知，此处表示放弃有时意味着清理爱好其他东西的路上的障碍。clear意为“清除，清理”，故选B项。15．A.even　　　B．still,C．once　　　D．yet解析：B　根据上文表述的女儿放弃舞蹈以及该句中的“but”可知，作者认为目前女儿很喜欢这些新爱好，但如果有一天这种情况仍然有变，作者也是接受的。故选B项。16．A.warning　　　B．doubtingC．stressing　　　D．ignoring解析：C　根据语境可知，成年人习惯强调赞同的力量，但是说不赞同会怎么样呢？stress意为“强调”，故选C项。17．A.appropriate　　　B．unfairC．extra　　　D．informal解析：A　根据语境可知，意识到何时某件事情不再适合投入我们的时间和精力的能力也是重要的。appropriate意为“适合的”，故选A项。18．A.hold　　　B．abandonC．treasure　　　D．fix解析：B　根据语境可知，作者想让女儿自信地放弃那些不再满足她的需求的事。abandon意为“中止；放弃”，故选B项。19．A.spare　　　B．changeC．admit　　　D．finish解析：D　根据语境可知，作者认为女儿不应该被仅仅因为已经开始了就无论如何也要完成这种想法阻碍。finish“完成，做好”。20．A.slightly　　　B．roughlyC．nearly　　　D．simply解析：D　参见上题解析。simply意为“仅仅”，故选D项。【词汇积累】　disciplinen．自制力　positionn．姿势　blanketadj.适用于全体的　considerationn．仔细考虑；深思　issuen．问题　recognizev．辨别出Ⅲ.短文改错(2020·武昌区高三调研考试)OnedaywhenIwaswalkinghome，Ihadheardanoisebehindme.Itwasaprettydog，andhefollowedmehome.Dadwassurprised，sayingshelookedastheSmiths'petdog.Realizingshewasverytired，Igaveherabathbutkepthercompanyuntilshefeltcomfortably.Abigsurprisecamenextmorning，whenIfoundherwithfourlittlecutepuppies！Iwasin,greatexcite.BeforelongDadledMrs.Smithin，thatthankedusfortakingcareofthedog.SheaskedwhetherIwantedtokeeponeofthem.Iwasthrillingaboutthesuddenjoy!解析：①第一句：删除heard前的had。时态语用。根据该句中的“Oneday”和“was”可知，此处应用一般过去时，故删除had。②第二句：he改为she。代词误用。根据下文中描写这只狗时多次使用的“she”可知，此处应用代词she，故把he改为she。③第三句：as改为like。介词误用。此处表示“她看起来像史密斯家的宠物狗”，应用looklike“与……外表相似”，故把as改为like。④第四句：but改为and。连词误用。根据语境可知，“给她洗澡”和“陪着她”为顺承关系，故用连词and。⑤第四句：comfortably改为comfortable。副词和形容词混用。该句中的“felt”是系动词，后接形容词，故把comfortably改为comfortable。⑥第五句：next前加the。冠词漏用。此处特指“第二天早上”，故在next前加定冠词the。⑦第六句：excite改为excitement。动词和名词混用。great是形容词，应修饰名词，故把excite改为excitement。⑧第七句：that改为who。关系词误用。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词Mrs.Smith，故用关系代词who。⑨第七句：dog改为dogs。名词的单复数误用。根据上文中的“Ifoundherwithfourlittlecutepuppies”可知，共有五条狗，故应用名词复数，故把dog改为dogs。⑩第九句：thrilling改为thrilled。形容词误用。此处应用thrilled“非常兴奋”修饰人；thrilling意为“令人兴奋不已的”，通常修饰物。Ⅳ.书面表达假如你是李华，目前在英国一所学校交流学习。你的老师请你就中国饮食给同学们做口头交流。内容要点如下：1．中国人对饮食的理解；2．经典中国美食推荐。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。,Onepossibleversion：Hello，everyone.MynameisLiHua.I'mfromChina.Asweallknow，weChineseareveryparticularaboutfood.Nowletmetellyousomethingaboutourfoodculture.WeChineseofteneatthreemealsaday.InChinesepeople'seyes，threemealsareequallyimportant.Forus，eatingisnotonlyforfillingourstomachs，butalsoforenhancingtherelationshipbetweenpeople.lnaddition，foodcultureinChinaisalsopartofourprofoundculturalheritage.TherearemanytypicalandtastyfoodsinChina，suchasBeijingRoastDuck，MapoTofu.Oneofthemostfamousisjiaozi.IfyouhavethechancetocometoChina，jiaoziisadelicacyyoucan'tmiss.