山东省烟台市2023届高三英语二模试题（Word版附解析）

2023年高考适应性练习(一)英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，只交答题卡。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AStartagetawaytothreeofItaly’smost-lovedcities:Rome,FlorenceandVenice!This5-daytriptakesyoutosomefinestartistictreasuresinthecountry.Day1ArriveinRomeUponarrivalinRome,gettoyourcitycentreaccommodationbytaxi.Youcanexploreitasyoulike,appreciatingthearchitecturalwondersofAncientRomeandtheBaroqueEraorspendingaleisurelyafternoonincafeslisteningtomusic.Day2VisittheVaticanMuseums&theColosseumYou’llbeginthedaybywalkingtotheVaticanMuseumsforaguidedtourofthisfantasticlandmark.Themuseumscontainmanyeye-openingartworks.Afterlunch,you’lltakeataxitothesymbolofthecity,theColosseum,constructedinthefirstcenturytohosteventslikeanimalhuntsorhumanfightinggames.Day3TraveltoFlorence&ExploreAfterbreakfast,you’llcheckoutandmakeyourwaytothetrainstationinRometocatchyourexpresstraintoFlorence.ThencheckintoyourhotelandheadoutonaguidedtourofFlorence’skeylandmarks.Thelongest-standingsymbolofFlorence,upuntil1218,PonteVecchiowastheonlybridgethatcrossedtheArnoRiver.Day4TraveltoVenice&ExploreYou’llcatchyourtraintoVenice,acitybuiltentirelyonwaterandspreadover100islandsthatattractseachandeveryvisitor!Onarrival,catchawatertaxitoyourhotelandcheckin.TheafternoonwillbespentgettingtoknowVeniceandlearningallaboutitshistoryandfamouslandmarkswithaguide. Day5SayGoodbyetoItaly!Afterbreakfastatyourhotel,aprivatedriverwilldriveyoutotheairport,markingtheendofyourtrip.1.WhatdoweknowabouttheColosseum?A.Itdatesfrom3000yearsago.B.ItreflectedItaliansocialjustice.C.It’sacontemporaryartmuscum.D.Itwasestablishedforentertainment.2.WhichmeansoftransportissuggestedfromRometoFlorence?A.Byair.B.Byrail.C.Bywater.D.Byroad.3.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.Topromoteatour.B.Torecommendexhibits.C.Toadvertiseatravelagency.D.Tointroducehistoricalsites.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了为期5天的意大利之旅及旅行的具体安排。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Day2VisittheVaticanMuseums&theColosseum”部分关键句“Afterlunch,you’lltakeataxitothesymbolofthecity,theColosseum,constructedinthefirstcenturytohosteventslikeanimalhuntsorhumanfightinggames.”（午餐后，你将乘坐出租车前往这座城市的象征——斗兽场，斗兽场建于一世纪，用于举办动物狩猎或人类格斗游戏等活动。）可知，斗兽场用于举办动物狩猎或人类格斗游戏等活动，由此可知，斗兽场是为娱乐而设立的。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Day3TraveltoFlorence&Explore”部分关键句“Afterbreakfast,you’llcheckoutandmakeyourwaytothetrainstationinRometocatchyourexpresstraintoFlorence.”（早餐后，您将结账前往罗马火车站，搭乘开往佛罗伦萨的特快列车。）可知，您将去罗马火车站搭乘特快列车去佛罗伦萨，由此可知，文章建议我们从罗马乘火车去佛罗伦萨。故选B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段内容“StartagetawaytothreeofItaly’smost-lovedcities:Rome,FlorenceandVenice!This5-daytriptakesyoutosomefinestartistictreasuresinthecountry.”（开始前往意大利三个最受欢迎的城市：罗马、佛罗伦萨和威尼斯！这趟为期5天的旅行将带您参观这个国家最好的艺术瑰宝。） 可知，文章主要介绍了为期5天的意大利之旅及旅行的具体安排，由此可知，文章的主要目的是宣传一个旅游项目。故选A项。B“Iknowwhentogoout,andwhentostayin.”,EnglishrockstarDavidBowieonceconfidentlysanginhishitsingle.Whenitcomestoconsumingfood,thedecisivenessclaimedbythesinger-songwriterishardtoachieve.Idisagreewiththestatementandargueit’sbettertoeatoutthantoorderhomedelivery.Tobeginwith,whensettingfootinarestaurant,we’reimmediatelygreetednotonlybyaserverreadytoseatus,butbyafloodofphysicalfeelings—theeyestakeintheinternaldecorationoftheplace,thenosebreathesinthepleasantsmellofexpertlyplatedfoodandtheearspickuponcompetingsoundsofcustomerchatterandattractivein-storemusic.Toeatoutistoexperienceanatmosphereuniquetoeachrestaurant.Somethingasspecialasthatsimplycan’tbereproducedbyorderinghomedelivery.Eatingoutis,withoutdoubt,themoreexcitingandthusbetterchoice.Eatingoutbecomesevenmoreappealingwhenstayinghomeprovestoopainful.Whetheritisbecauseweneedatemporaryfightfromourfamilyorthatwesimplywanttospendsomequalitytimeoutsidewithlovedones,goingoutforamealcanbeabreakfromthehardlabourofdomesticliving.Wecouldtakeitasanopportunityforself-care—totreatourselvesbydressingup,arrivinginstyleatafancyrestaurantandorderingaslightlymoreluxuriousmealtorefreshourwearysoul.Orderinghomedeliverywouldonlycontributetofeelingsofbeingpennedinwhile;eatingoutisanescapeforthetrappedindividual.Fooddeliveryappusersreasonit’satroubleandlessconvenienttodressupandeatout.However,it’sworthnotingwemaynotalwaysgetourfoodinthemostsatisfactoryconditionwhenoptingforhomedelivery.There’sariskofreceivingfoodorderswithmissingitemsorevenentirelywrongordersthatcan’tbesentback.Whatwesacrificeforconveniencemightjustwindupbeinginconvenient.Consequently,itmakesmoresensetoeatoutratherthanriskdisappointmentbyorderinghomedelivery.4.Whatdoestheauthormainlytalkabout?A.Diningoptions.B.Cuisineculture.C.Consumptionlevel.D.Foodcategories.5.Whatadvantageofeatingoutishighlightedinparagraph2?A.Qualityservice.B.Comfortandconvenience.C.Sensoryenjoyment.D.Areasonablemixofnutrition.6.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoforderinghomedelivery?A.It’squitepricey.B.Itmayletconsumersdown. C.Itmaycausefoodwaste.D.It’snotenvironmental-friendly.7.Howisthetextdeveloped?A.Byprovidingexamples.B.Byfollowingspaceorder.C.Bymakingcomparisons.D.Byanalyzingmentalprocesses.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者将“在外面吃饭”和“点外卖送到家”两种就餐方式进行了比较，告诉读者“在外面吃饭”是更好的选择。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“Idisagreewiththestatementandargueit’sbettertoeatoutthantoorderhomedelivery.”（我不同意这种说法，并认为在外面吃饭比点外卖送到家要好。）和最后一段关键句“Consequently,itmakesmoresensetoeatoutratherthanriskdisappointmentbyorderinghomedelivery.”（因此，在外就餐更有意义，而不是冒着失望的风险点外卖送到家。）可知，作者在文章中把“在外面吃饭”和“点外卖送到家”两种就餐方式进行了比较，认为在外就餐更有意义。由此可知，作者主要谈论了用餐选择问题。故选A项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“Tobeginwith,whensettingfootinarestaurant,we’reimmediatelygreetednotonlybyaserverreadytoseatus,butbyafloodofphysicalfeelings—theeyestakeintheinternaldecorationoftheplace,thenosebreathesinthepleasantsmellofexpertlyplatedfoodandtheearspickuponcompetingsoundsofcustomerchatterandattractivein-storemusic.”（首先，当我们走进一家餐厅时，迎接我们的不仅是一位准备让我们就座的服务员，还有一种洪流般的身体感觉——眼睛注视着餐厅的内部装饰，鼻子呼吸着精心烹制的食物的怡人气味，耳朵听到顾客相互竞争的聊天声和吸引人的店内音乐。）可知，第二段强调了外出就餐可以让眼睛、鼻子和耳朵等感官都获得享受。由此可知，第二段强调了外出就餐的好处是可以获得感官上的享受。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“There’sariskofreceivingfoodorderswithmissingitemsorevenentirelywrongordersthatcan’tbesentback.Whatwesacrificeforconveniencemightjustwindupbeinginconvenient.Consequently,itmakesmoresensetoeatoutratherthanriskdisappointmentbyorderinghomedelivery.”（收到的食品订单有丢失的风险，甚至是无法退回的完全错误的订单。我们为了方便而牺牲的东西最终可能会变得不方便。因此，在外就餐更有意义，而不是冒着失望的风险点外卖送到家。）可知，作者认为点外卖面临着订单丢失或订单错误的风险，这会让我们感到失望。由此可知，作者认为点外卖送到家可能会让消费 者失望。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“Toeatoutistoexperienceanatmosphereuniquetoeachrestaurant.Somethingasspecialasthatsimplycan’tbereproducedbyorderinghomedelivery.”（外出就餐是为了体验每一家餐厅特有的氛围。像这样特别的东西根本无法通过点外卖送到家来复制。）和第三段关键句“Eatingoutbecomesevenmoreappealingwhenstayinghomeprovestoopainful.”（当待在家里太痛苦时，外出就餐变得更有吸引力。）可知，作者将“在外面吃饭”和“点外卖送到家”两种就餐方式进行了比较，告诉读者“在外面吃饭”的好处。由此可知，文章是通过比较发展起来的。故选C项。CAschoolscienceprojectbyagroupofstudentsinCanadahasledtoanimportantdiscovery:EpiPensmightceasetofunctionnormallyinspace.EpiPens,theauto-injectors(注射器)thatdeliverlife-savingmedicinecalledepinephrine,helpwithsevereallergic(过敏)reactions.Theepinephrineopensupairways,maintainsheatfunctionandbloodpressureandcalmstheallergicreactionsothepersoncanbreathe.ThestudentsworkingonProgramforGiftedLearners(PGL),werecuriousabouthowradiationinspacewouldaffectthemolecular(分子)structureofepinephrine.AspartofaNASAinitiativecalled“CubesinSpace,”whichlaunchesscienceexperimentsstudentscomeupwith,theysenttwocubeswithsamplesofbothpureepinephrineandEpiPensolutionintospace,oneonarocketandtheotheronaballoon.WiththecubestoosmalltoholdanentireEpiPenthestudentshadconsultedwithPaulMayer,achemistatUniversityofOttawaandeventuallyfiguredoutawaytogettheEpiPensolutionintoaspecially-madebottle.ThesampleswereanalyzedinalabbeforeandafterreturningtoEarth.Theteamfoundthepureepinephrinesamplesonlyreturned87percentpure—theother13percenthadturnedintopoisonouschemicals.AndnoepinephrinewasfoundintheEpiPensolutionsamples.Mayerwasskepticalatfirstthatthesampleswouldshowanysignsofdecomposition,buthewasblownawaybythe“dramatic”results.“It’sbrilliant,”hetellsGlobalNews.“Thefirstpartofdoingscienceisaskingtherightquestions,andtheyaskedafantasticquestion.”Thestudents’findingscouldhavereal-worldimplicationsforspacetravelandastronauts’safety.Excitedtohavemadesuchagroundbreakingdiscovery,thestudentsplantodotheexperimentagaintochecktheirresults.They’realsoworkingondesigningacapsuletoprotecttheEpiPensolutioninspace.“Youfeellikeyou’remakingarealchange,”saysstudentBenjaminSum,whowantstobuildrocketswhenhegrowsup.“Itfeelslikeit’sjustadults.Butkidscanactuallybeinvolved.” 8.WhatcanEpiPensdoforhumanallergicreaction?A.Cureitforgood.B.Detectitsearlysigns.CStimulateitintime.D.Relieveittemporarily.9.WhywerethesamplesofpureepinephrineandEpiPensolutionlaunchedintospace?A.Tobreakdowntheepinephrine.B.Totestepinephrine’seffectiveness.C.Tointegrateinnovationintoclinicalstudy.D.Toconfirmtheycanstandspaceenvironments.10.WhatqualityofthestudentsimpressesMayermost?A.Theirspiritofcommitment.B.Theirunityandteamwork.C.Theirspiritofscientificinquiry.D.Theirsincerityandintegrity.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.KidsFindoutEpiPensMayNotWorkinSpaceB.PGL:AProgramDevotedtoAstronomyResearchC.ScientistsTeamupwithPupilsforSpaceExplorationD.EpiPens:AnAdvancedDeviceAppliedtoSaveLives【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。加拿大一群学生在一个学校科学项目中做出了一个重要发现：EpiPens可能在太空中停止正常工作。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“EpiPens,theauto-injectors(注射器)thatdeliverlife-savingmedicinecalledepinephrine,helpwithsevereallergic(过敏)reactions(EpiPens是一种自动注射器，可以提供一种名为肾上腺素的救命药物，有助于缓解严重的过敏反应)”可知，EpiPens有助于缓解严重的过敏反应，所以EpiPens对人类的过敏反应有暂时缓解的作用，故选D项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“ThesampleswereanalyzedinalabbeforeandafterreturningtoEarth.Theteamfoundthepureepinephrinesamplesonlyreturned87percentpure—theother13percenthadturnedintopoisonouschemicals.AndnoepinephrinewasfoundintheEpiPensolutionsamples.(这些样本在返回地球之前和之后在实验室中进行了分析。研究小组发现，纯肾上腺素样本的纯度仅为87%，其余13%已转化为有毒 化学物质)”可知，样本返回地球后，分析发现纯肾上腺素样本的纯度仅为87%，而纯肾上腺素样本的纯度仅为87%，由此可以推理出把纯肾上腺素和EpiPen溶液样本发射到太空的目的是测试肾上腺素的有效性，故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Thefirstpartofdoingscienceisaskingtherightquestions,andtheyaskedafantasticquestion(做科学的第一部分是问正确的问题，他们问了一个很棒的问题)”可知，学生们善于思考，提出问题，这说明学生有探究精神，由此可推知，Mayer对学生们印象最深的品质是他们的科学探究精神，故选C项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“AschoolscienceprojectbyagroupofstudentsinCanadahasledtoanimportantdiscovery:EpiPensmightceasetofunctionnormallyinspace.(加拿大一群学生在一个学校科学项目中做出了一个重要发现EpiPens可能在太空中停止正常工作)”、第四段“ThesampleswereanalyzedinalabbeforeandafterreturningtoEarth.Theteamfoundthepureepinephrinesamplesonlyreturned87percentpure—theother13percenthadturnedintopoisonouschemicals.AndnoepinephrinewasfoundintheEpiPensolutionsamples.(这些样本在返回地球之前和之后在实验室中进行了分析。研究小组发现，纯肾上腺素样本的纯度仅为87%，其余13%已转化为有毒化学物质)”以及第五段“Thefirstpartofdoingscienceisaskingtherightquestions,andtheyaskedafantasticquestion(做科学的第一部分是问正确的问题，他们问了一个很棒的问题)”可知，文章第一段提出了话题：加拿大一群学生做出了一项重要发现：EpiPens可能在太空中停止正常工作，后续段落对这一发现进行详细描述并对这些学生的科学精神进行了赞扬，所以本文最佳标题应为“孩子们发现EpiPens在太空中可能不起作用”，故选A项。DThehoneybeewaggledancehasbeencelebratedasamostcomplexanimalcommunicationsystem.Astudyuncovereditsnewpropertythatbeesmustpartiallylearnthedancefromwatchingexperienceddancers,adiscoverythattorpedoesthegeneralperceptionthatthedanceiswhollyinborn.Adancerbeerelaysinformationtofollowerbeesaboutthetargetlocationbyadjustingherselfwhileshakingherstomach,allowingforimpressiveflexibilityintheangle,durationandherenthusiasm.Herbody’sanglecorrespondstothesun’spositionrelativetothenestentrance.Thedistanceinformationisconveyedbythedanceduration.Andthemoreenergeticandpassionatethedance,thebetterthefood.She’llwaggleinastraightlineforsecondsbeforecirclingbacktorepeatthedance,creatingthefigureeightpattern.Thisbeewaggledancesystemwaslongassumedtobenaturalbehavior,butresearchersmadeabreakthrough throughanexperiment.Theycreatedterritoriesofnewbornbeescompletelyseparatedfrommatureones.Whenthenewbornstartedvisitingflowersandproducingtheirfirstwaggledances,theyconsistentlymademoreerrorsinthewaytheyreportedtheangleanddistancetothefoodsourcethanbeesraisedinmixed-agedterritoriesandthusexposedtothewaggledancesincetheywereborn.Theyalsogeneratedlooserfigureeightpatterns,makingitharderforthefollowerbeestogetthemessage.Evenwhenplacedbackintoaterritorywithmaturebees,theyneverseemedtolearnhowtocommunicateinformationcorrectly.Theseresultssuggesteveryhoneybeeisbornwithawaggledancemodelthatgivesthemabasicunderstandingofhowtodance.Bywatchingtheirelders,they’llacquirenewrulesonhowtogeneratethedanceuniquetotheirterritory.Thisisthefirstknownexampleofsuchcomplexsociallearningofcommunicationininsectsandisaformofanimalculture,strikinglysimilartothewayhumanlanguagegeneratesnewlanguagestoshapeitselfaroundthelocalconditions.Whilethewaggledanceissecondtohumanlanguageintermsoftheabilitytocommunicatediverseinformationthroughrandomsymbols,thenewly-discoveredpropertymakesitevenmorelanguage-likeandjustthatmuchmoremind-blowing.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“torpedoes”meaninparagraph1?A.Illustrates.B.Overturns.C.Fitsinwith.D.Givesriseto.13.Onwhatbasisdothefollowerbeesjudgethetargetfood’squality?A.Thedancer’sphysicalangle.B.Thedancer’sdanceduration.C.Thedancer’sdanceliveliness.D.Thedancer’sbodyflexibility.14.Whatcanweinferaboutyoungbeesfromparagraph3?A.They’reabsolutelyignorantofthewaggledance.B.Theycan’tsurvivebutforcontactwithmaturebees.C.Theyenhancedanceroutinesbyautonomoustrialanderror.D.Theycanmasterthelocaldancebyfollowingeldersfrombirth.15.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Thewaggledance.B.Humanlanguage.C.Thenewproperty.D.Diverseinformation.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。蜜蜂的摇摆舞被认为是最复杂的动物交流系统，而一项研究揭示了蜜蜂的新特性，即蜜蜂必须部分地通过观察有经验的舞者来学习舞蹈。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及发现。 【12题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Astudyuncovereditsnewpropertythatbeesmustpartiallylearnthedancefromwatchingexperienceddancers”以及后文“generalperceptionthatthedanceiswhollyinborn”可知，一项研究揭示了它的新特性，即蜜蜂必须部分地从观察有经验的舞者中学习舞蹈，这颠覆了人们认为舞蹈是天生的看法，故画线词意思是“颠覆”。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Andthemoreenergeticandpassionatethedance,thebetterthefood.(舞蹈越有活力，越有激情，食物就越好)”可知，跟随者蜜蜂根据舞者的舞蹈活泼生动来判断目标食物的质量。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Bywatchingtheirelders,they’llacquirenewrulesonhowtogeneratethedanceuniquetotheirterritory.(通过观察它们的长辈，它们会获得新的规则，学会如何在自己的领地上跳独特的舞蹈)”可知，小蜜蜂可以从出生开始跟随长辈，掌握当地的舞蹈。故选D。【15题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Whilethewaggledanceissecondtohumanlanguageintermsoftheabilitytocommunicatediverseinformationthroughrandomsymbols”以及后文“evenmorelanguage-likeandjustthatmuchmoremind-blowing”可知，while表示转折，指虽然摇摆舞在通过随机符号交流各种信息的能力方面仅次于人类语言，但新发现的特性使它（摇摆舞）更像语言，更令人兴奋。故画线词意思是“摇摆舞”。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Youmayfeelyourbackbreakingandlow-paidpart-timesummerjobisn’tworthyoueffort.____16____Herearesomeyoucanenjoy.Whenlandingajob,you’llputyourselfintounfamiliarterritoryandlearnhowtosurviveanddevelopthere.____17____Whetherit’slearninganewskillordealingwithatoughboss,youmustrelyonyourselfforsolutions,throughwhichyoucanbuildupyourself-belief.Hangingaroundallsummerisagreatwaytorelax,butitwon’tcontributetoyourtimemanagementskill.____18____Thisskillhelpsyoudecidewhatshouldbeaccomplishedinadayandlearnhowtohandlethosethingstomakeithappen,whichinvolvesprioritizing,planningandjudginghowmuchyoucanrealisticallyfinish.Thebestwaytodevelopthisskillisthroughpractice.Withloadsoffreetime,you’lllikelynothavetoflexyourtime- managementmuscles.____19____Takeiteasy.Mostpeoplechangetheirmindsmanytimesbeforesettlingontheirlong-termcareer.Gettingoutintotheworkforceasawaiteratacafemaynothelpyouseewhatit’llbelikeasadoctorbutyou’llfigureoutwhetheryouliketoworkwithpeopleorwhetheryoucanworkefficientlyunderpressure.Asummerjobhelpszeroinonyourlikesanddislikestoevaluateyourstrengthsandresolveyourweaknesses.Chancesarethatyoursocialcircleiscomprisedofpeopleinyouragegroup.However,inajob,you’llworkwithdiversegroupsofpeople,fromwhomyou’lllearnvaryingviewpointsandexperiences.____20____A.Workingwill,though.B.ButsuchjobsupliftwillpowerC.Notsureofyourfutureprofession?D.Doesasummerjobhelpwithcollege?E.Actually,itsaddedbonusesgobeyondyourwallet.F.There’revariousconfidence-boostingchallengestoovercomeG.Youcandevelopfriendshipsandincreaseyourvisibilityaswell【答案】16.E17.F18.A19.C20.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。你可能会觉得你的暑期兼职工作不值得你努力，而实际上暑期工作能给你带来收入以外的意外收获。【16题详解】根据上文“Youmayfeelyourbackbreakingandlow-paidpart-timesummerjobisn’tworthyoueffort(你可能会觉得你的暑期兼职工作不值得你努力)”以及下文“Herearesomeyoucanenjoy(这有一些你可以享受的)”可知此处上下文说的是暑期兼职工作能给你带来的收入以外的收获，与E项“Actually,itsaddedbonusesgobeyondyourwallet.(事实上，它增加的收获超出了你的收入)”表达的含义一致，故选E项。【17题详解】根据下文“Whetherit’slearninganewskillordealingwithatoughboss,youmustrelyonyourselfforsolutions,throughwhichyoucanbuildupyourself-belief.(无论是学习一项新技能，还是与一个强硬的老板打交道，你都必须依靠自己找到解决方案，通过这些解决方案你可以建立你的自信)”可知，此处上下文说的是需要克服各种困难，建立自信，与F项“There’revariousconfidence-boostingchallengestoovercome(需要克服各种增强信心的挑战)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。【18题详解】根据上文“Hangingaroundallsummerisagreatwaytorelax,butitwon’tcontributetoyourtimemanagement skill.(整个夏天闲逛是一种很好的放松方式，但这对你的时间管理技能没有帮助)”以及下文“Thisskillhelpsyoudecidewhatshouldbeaccomplishedinadayandlearnhowtohandlethosethingstomakeithappen,whichinvolvesprioritizing,planningandjudginghowmuchyoucanrealisticallyfinish.(这项技能可以帮助你决定一天应该完成什么，并学习如何处理这些事情来实现它，包括确定优先级、计划和判断你能实际完成多少)”可知，此处上下文说的是闲逛不会对你的时间管理技能有帮助，然而工作可以帮助你提高时间管理技能，与A项“Workingwill,though.(然而工作可以)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。【19题详解】根据下文“Takeiteasy.Mostpeoplechangetheirmindsmanytimesbeforesettlingontheirlong-termcareer.(别紧张。大多数人在决定长期职业生涯之前，会多次改变主意。)”以及“Asummerjobhelpszeroinonyourlikesanddislikestoevaluateyourstrengthsandresolveyourweaknesses.(暑期工作有助于专注于你好恶，评估你的长处，解决你的弱点)”可知，本段主要说的是如果不确定你未来的职业，不要着急，利用暑期工评估一下，帮助你做出选择，与C项“Notsureofyourfutureprofession?(不确定你未来的职业？)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。【20题详解】根据上文“Chancesarethatyoursocialcircleiscomprisedofpeopleinyouragegroup.However,inajob,you’llworkwithdiversegroupsofpeople,fromwhomyou’lllearnvaryingviewpointsandexperiences.(你的社交圈很可能是由你这个年龄段的人组成的。然而，在工作中，你会与不同的群体一起工作，从他们那里你会学到不同的观点和经验)”可知，此处上下文说的是暑期工作会让你走出你的社交圈，你可以从不同的群体中接触到各种观点和经历，与G项“Youcandevelopfriendshipsandincreaseyourvisibilityaswell(你可以发展友谊，也可以提高你的知名度)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onespringevening,Iwasincrediblywornafteralongdayofschool.Iwishedfor____21____butIhadtodragmyheavyfeettotheviolinstudio.IwasplayingMoldautoKate,myteacher.Isimplycouldn’tplaywith____22____,though.WhileIfollowedallthe____23____onthesheetmusic,Istill____24____tomakemusicdescribingspringwithfull-blownflowerssoundlikeflowersdyingbitterdeaths.Kate____25____attentivelyandthenfrowned(皱眉),askingmewhatthepiece’smoodwas.Istaredather,____26____.Pullingoutpaperandapencil,sheasked,“Canyou____27____animageofwhatyouthinkatypicaldayintheforestduringspringwouldlooklike?“Hesitantly,Istartedtoletmy____28____fly.Soonascenicforestfulloflife was____29____inmymind.Minuteslater,Icompletedmydrawing.”Now,playthepieceagainwiththis._____30_____imageryinyourmind,“Katesaid.Iclosedmyeyesandbegantoplay,justasitsthemewasintroduced,with_____31_____expressionIhadneverdonebefore.AsI_____32_____thepiece,therefollowedashortsilencebeforeKatesaid,”That’sthebestplayingI’veeverheardfromyou.“Hereyeswereshining.”Whoknewpaintingoutthescenerywouldhelpyoubetter_____33_____themusic?Sometimesallweneedistouseourcreativityandtrydifferentmethodswhenfacingdifficulties.“The_____34_____violinlessontaughtmemorethanjustmusic.Ialsolearnedavaluable_____35_____skill,whichIappliedtomydailylife.21.A.careB.relaxationC.freedomD.motivation22.A.courageB.concernC.wisdomD.emotion23.A.numbersB.standardsC.notesD.lines24.A.failedB.desiredC.managedD.offered25.A.watchedB.listenedC.performedD.prayed26.A.blanklyB.angrilyC.enviouslyD.gratefully27.A.shootB.evaluateC.sculptD.draw28.A.personalityB.imaginationC.ambitionD.curiosity29.A.picturedB.replacedC.identifiedD.explored30.A.messyB.amusingC.vividD.strange31.A.commonB.briefC.childishD.exceptional32.A.wrappedupB.noteddownC.reflectedonD.setabout33A.preserveB.spreadC.interpretD.compose34.A.inspiringB.confusingC.shamefulD.adventurous35.A.information-sortingB.problem-solvingC.critical-thinkingD.decision-making【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.C25.B26.A27.D28.B29.A30.C31.D32.A33.C34.A35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者完成了一天的学习之后，在很疲惫的状态下去上音乐课，弹奏的曲子很不理想，凯特老师让他画出春天森里的美景，并用这种感情去弹奏，结果却弹奏出了从来没有过的高水平。【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想放松一下，但我不得不拖着沉重的脚步去小提琴工作室。A.care关心；B.relaxation放松；C.freedom自由；D.motivation动机。根据上文“Iwasincrediblywornafteralongdayofschool(在漫长的一天学习之后，我非常疲惫)”可知，作者经过了一整天的学习，感到很疲惫，所以渴望放松休息，故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不过，我就是不能感情用事。A.courage勇气；B.concern关心；C.wisdom智慧；D.emotion情绪。根据上文“IwishedforrelaxationbutIhadtodragmyheavyfeettotheviolinstudio(我想放松一下，但我不得不拖着沉重的脚步去小提琴工作室)”虽然作者很疲惫，但是仍然坚持上课，可推理出作者认为自己不能感情用事，故选D项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我遵循了乐谱上的所有音符，但我仍然设法把描述春天的音乐演奏得听起来像是花朵要在苦涩中死去。A.numbers数字；B.standards标准；C.notes音符；D.lines队伍；根据下文“onthesheetmusic(乐谱上的)”可知，乐谱上的内容是音符，故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.failed失败；B.desired希望；C.managed设法做某事；D.offered提供。根据下文“makemusicdescribingspringwithfull-blownflowerssoundlikeflowersdyingbitterdeaths(把描述春天的音乐演奏得听起来像是花朵要在苦涩中死去)”可知，但我仍然设法把描述春天的音乐演奏得听起来像是花朵要在苦涩中死去，故选C项。25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：凯特聚精会神地听着，然后皱着眉头，问我用什么心情弹这首曲子的。A.watched观看；B.listened听；C.performed演奏；D.prayed祈祷。根据下文“askingmewhatthepiece’smoodwas(问我用什么心情弹这首曲子的)”可知，凯特问我问我用什么心情弹这首曲子的，可推理出凯特听了我的演奏，故选B项。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我一脸茫然地盯着他。A.blankly茫然地；B.angrily生气地；C.enviously满怀嫉妒地；D.gratefully感激地。根据上文“Katelistenedattentivelyandthenfrowned(皱眉),askingmewhatthepiece’smoodwas.(凯特聚精会神地听着，然后皱着眉头，问我用什么心情弹这首曲子的)”可知，老师问我用什么心情弹这首曲子的，可推理出老师在批评，分析四个选项，A项“blankly(茫然地)”表达的含义符合语境，放在句子中含义为“我一脸茫然地盯着他”，符合语境，故选A项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你能画出一幅你认为春天森林里典型的一天会是什么样子的图画吗？A.shoot 开枪；B.evaluate评估；C.sculpt雕刻；D.draw画。根据下文“animageofwhatyouthinkatypicaldayintheforestduringspringwouldlooklike(一幅你认为春天森林里典型的一天会是什么样子的图画)”可知，下文说的是一幅画，可推理出上文老师拿出纸和笔是让作者画一幅画，故选D项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：犹豫之下，我开始放飞自己的想象力。A.personality性格；B.imagination想象力；C.ambition雄心壮志；D.curiosity好奇心。根据下文“Soonascenicforestfulloflifewaspicturedinmymind(很快，我脑海中浮现出一片充满生机的风景如画的森林)”可知，作者脑海里浮现出了一片充满生机的风景如画的森林，可知这是作者想象的结果，空白处应填表示“想象力”含义的名词，故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，我脑海中想象出一片充满生机的风景如画的森林。A.pictured想象；B.replaced代替；C.identified识别；D.explored探索。根据上文“ascenicforestfulloflife(一片充满生机的风景)”可知，作者在放飞自己的想象力之后，想象出了一片充满生机的风景，空白处应填表示“想象”含义的动词，故选A项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，带着你生动的想象再次演奏这首曲子。A.messy凌乱的；B.amusing有趣的；C.vivid生动的；D.strange奇怪的。根据上文“Soonascenicforestfulloflifewaspicturedinmymind(很快，我脑海中想象出一片充满生机的风景如画的森林)”可知充满生机的风景如画的森林是作者想象出来的，很生动，故选C项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在主题介绍时，我闭上眼睛用以前从来都没有过的超常感情的开始演奏。A.common常见的；B.brief短暂的；C.childish孩子气的；D.exceptional超常的。根据下文“Ihadneverdonebefore(以前从来都没有过的)”可知，现在作者投入的感情是以前从来都没有过的，是超常的，故选D项。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我结束这首曲子时，沉默了一会儿，凯特说：“这是我从你那里听到最好的演奏”。A.wrappedup圆满完成；B.noteddown记下；C.reflectedon回忆；D.setabout开始做。根据下文“That’sthebestplayingI’veeverheardfromyou(这是我从你那里听到的最好的演奏)”可知，这计划是凯特老师对作者的演奏的评价，可推理出曲子演奏结束，故选A项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：谁知道把风景画出来能帮助你更好地领会音乐呢？A.preserve保护；B.spread展开；C.interpret解读；领会；D.compose创作。根据上文“paintingoutthescenery(把风景画出 来)”可知，作者把风景画出来，并带着这种心情弹奏出了之前从来都没有过的最好的曲子，可推理出绘画帮助作者更好地领会了音乐，故选C项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：鼓舞人心的小提琴课教给我的不仅仅是音乐。A.inspiring鼓舞人心的；B.confusing令人困惑的；C.shameful可耻的；D.adventurous大胆的。根据上文“That’sthebestplayingI’veeverheardfromyou(这是我从你那里听到的最好的演奏)”可知这是老师给作者的很高的评价，使作者深受鼓舞，故选A项。【35题详解】考查名词短语辨析。句意：我还学到了一项有价值的问题解决技能，并将其应用到了我的日常生活中。A.information-sorting信息分类；B.problem-solving问题解决；C.critical-thinking批判性思维；D.decision-making决策。根据上文“Sometimesallweneedistouseourcreativityandtrydifferentmethodswhenfacingdifficulties(有时，我们所需要的只是发挥我们的创造力，在面临困难时尝试不同的方法)”可知，作者明白了我们所需要的只是发挥我们的创造力，在面临困难时尝试不同的方法，可推理出作者学会的是解决问题的能力，故选B项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。WhenLinZhanxifirstintroducedmushroomcultivation(培育)totheGobiDesertresidentsofNingxia,hedidn’texpectsuchaphenomenalsuccess.____36____inventorofjuncao,amethodthatusesgrasscuttingsassubstrate(培养基)forgrowingeatableandmedicinalmushrooms,haslongbeencommitted____37____expandingthemethodinpovertyrelief.Inthe1980s,asaprofessoratFujianAgricultureandForestryUniversity,Linexperimentedwithgrassinsteadoflogstogrowmushroomsbecauselogsweren’t____38____(ready)availableformanyruralhouseholdswhilegrass,____39____leavesandrootscanbeusedforecologicalmanagement,isanessentialmulti-functionalagriculturalresource.In1986,Linmadeit,andsoonhismethod____40____(adopt)by51countiesinFujian.Whenjuncaowasmadeakeyprojectinthepairing-offcooperationbetweenFujianandNingxiain1997,Linadvocated____41____(take)advantageofabandonedcavedwellings(窑洞)forgrowingmushroomsinNingxia.Theprojectdoubledthefarmers’yearlyincomethatyear.Thesuccessmadejuncao____42____(promote)in506China’scountiesanditwasthenintroducedto106developingcountries.Thisworld-famousinnovation____43____(bring)welfaretomillionsofpeoplesofar.WhattouchedLinmostduringhisjourneytoothercountriestohelpdevelopjuncaotechnologywasthataforeignministerevennamedhisdaughterafterjuncaoinhonorofChina’s____44____(assist). “IfeelIhaveanewmission_____45_____(shoulder),evenafterChinawinsitsbattletoreducepoverty.Icanstillforeseetheimportanceofjuncaoinhelpingfarmersbettertheirsituationandimprovingtheecologyandtheenvironmentaroundus,”hesaid.【答案】36.The37.to38.readily39.whose40.wasadopted41.taking42.promoted43.hasbrought44.assistance45.toshoulder【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。当林占熺第一次向宁夏戈壁滩居民介绍蘑菇种植时，他没有想到会取得如此惊人的成功。菌草是一种以草屑为基质种植食用蘑菇和药用蘑菇的方法，其发明者长期以来一直致力于在扶贫中推广这种方法。【36题详解】考查冠词。句意：菌草是一种以草屑为基质种植食用蘑菇和药用蘑菇的方法，其发明者长期以来一直致力于将这种方法推广到扶贫中。此处为特指一种以草屑为基质种植食用蘑菇和药用蘑菇的方法，所以用定冠词。故填The。【37题详解】考查介词。句意：同上。分析句子结构，becommittedto为固定短语，含义为：致力于，与句子表达的含义一致。故填to。【38题详解】考查副词。句意：20世纪80年代，作为福建农林大学的教授，林用草代替原木种植蘑菇，因为许多农村家庭不容易获得原木，而草是一种重要的多功能农业资源，其叶子和根可以用于生态管理。分析句子结构，修饰形容词使用副词。故填readily。【39题详解】考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词是grass，因空白处在定语从句中作定语，使用whose引导定语从句。故填whose。【40题详解】考查被动语态。句意：1986年，林成功了，很快他的方法被福建51个县采用。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，与主语之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，因句子表达的是发生在过去的动作，使用一般过 去时的被动语态。故填wasadopted。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：1997年，当菌草成为福建和宁夏结对合作的重点项目时，林主张利用宁夏废弃的窑洞种植蘑菇。advocatedoingsth.为固定用法译为“主张做某事”。故填taking。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这一成功使菌草在中国506个县得到推广，随后被推广到106个发展中国家。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做宾补，使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语juncao之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，使用过去分词。故填promoted。【43题详解】考查时态。句意：到目前为止，这项世界著名的创新已经为数百万人带来了福利。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，根据时间状语sofar可知空白处应使用现在完成时。故填hasbrought。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：在他前往其他国家帮助开发菌草技术的过程中，最让他感动的是，一位外交部长甚至以君草的名字命名了他的女儿，以纪念中国的援助。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作宾语，使用名词。故填assistance。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我觉得我肩负着一项新的使命，即使在中国赢得了减贫斗争之后。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作后置定语表示一个尚未发生的不确定的动作，应使用动词不定式。故填toshoulder。第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是校英语社团负责人李华，邀请了Green教授来学校做主题为“HowtoenjoyEnglishpoems”的讲座。请你写一篇主持词开场白，内容包括：1.举办讲座的目的或原因；2.相关介绍；3.对观众的要求。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dearfellowstudents,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Nowlet’sshowourwarmwelcome!【答案】Dearfellowstudents,Poetry,theessenceoflanguage,islovedbymanyofus.Atsomestudents’request,we’rehonoredtohaveinvitedProfessorGreentodeliveralectureonhowtoenjoyEnglishpoems,throughwhichwehopetodeepenourunderstandingofpoems.ProfessorGreenisaproductivepoet,whoseworksenjoygreatpopularity.He’llillustratepoemsinsuchaspectsasstructure,rhymeandimage.Soit’sanopportunitytoengagedeeplywithpoetryandappreciateitsuniquecharm.Ihopeeveryonepresentcanparticipatepositivelyandtakenotesifnecessary.Besides,feelfreetoaskquestionsinthefinal10-minutequestion-and-answersession.Nowlet’sshowourwarmwelcome!【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生以李华的身份写一篇主持词开场白，欢迎Green教授来学校做主题为“HowtoenjoyEnglishpoems”的讲座。【详解】1.词汇积累被喜爱：beloved→bepreferred鉴赏英语诗歌：enjoyEnglishpoems→appreciateEnglishpoems希望；期望：hope→anticipate表示热烈欢迎：showwarmwelcome→expressheart-feltwelcome2.句式拓展同义句改写原句：Ihopeeveryonepresentcanparticipatepositivelyandtakenotesifnecessary.拓展句：Itiswithinmyexpectationthateveryonepresentcanparticipatepositivelyandtakenotesifnecessary.【点睛】【高分句型1】Atsomestudents’request,we’rehonoredtohaveinvitedProfessorGreentodeliveralectureonhowtoenjoyEnglishpoems,throughwhichwehopetodeepenourunderstandingofpoems.（介词+which引导非限制性定语从句）【高分句型2】It’sanopportunitytoengagedeeplywithpoetryandappreciateitsuniquecharm.（it形式主语）第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “Oh,no!”JackshoutedwhilelookingatthelikesandcommentsonhisrecentTikTokvideo.“Whyaren’tpeoplereactingtomycontentastheyusedto?”Jackwasa19-year-oldstrongandmuscularmanaddictedtothegym.HelovedrecordingexercisevideosandpostingthemonhisTikTokaccount.Initially,hisvideologs(vlogs)werepopular,buthisposts’reachsoondecreased.Jackwonderedwhypeoplehadstoppedsharingandlikinghisvideos,“Maybemyaudienceistiredofwatchingmeworkoutinthegym,”hethought,determinedtochangethelocationofhisvideos.Thefollowingday,Jackwenttotheneighborhoodparkandbeganfilmingwhilewalkingonthetrack.“Hi,guys!Howaboutweshakethingsupalittle?I’mtoworkoutintheparktoday!”hesaidexcitedly,lookingintothecameralens(镜头).“Let’slookforagoodspottowarmup,”hesaidashewalkedtowardsabench(长椅),onwhichsatanelderlylady.Jackthoughtthebenchwastheperfectplacetofilmhisvideobecauseofthelight.Heputhistripodstand(三脚架)onthebenchandsetthecamera,buthefeltlikeheneededthefullbench.Hewantedtoplacehiscamerawheretheladysat,sohegesturedtohertomove,butthewomandidn’tseemtounderstand.“Getoutofmyway!”heyelled.“Can’tyouseeI’mfilmingavideo?Youoldfool!”Lookinghimupanddowninsurprise,theoldladydidn’targueoverhisdisrespectfulattitudeandquietlywalkedtowardsanotherbench.Jacksethiscameraup,pressedtherecordbuttonandwavedathisfollowers,readytodemonstrateexercises.Suddenly,hetrippedonaloosestone,lostbalanceandfelldown,hisheadstrikingthebenchandbleedingheavily.Cryinginpain,Jacktriedtogetup,buthedidn’thavethestrengthtorise.Hecollapsedontheground,screamingdesperatelyforhelp.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Therewasnobodyaroundbuttheelderlylady._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ToJack’sjoy,anetfriendsentamessagesayingwheretheladylived.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】OnepossibleversionTherewasnobodyaroundbuttheelderlylady.Shehurriedtohimandbentdowntocheckhisinjury.“God!”shegasped.“Don’tmove.I’llhelpyou,son.”Lookingatherkindface,Jackgraduallylostconsciousness.Havingcalledanambulance,theladytendedtohiswoundscarefully.NotuntilJackcametoandfoundhimselfandhisbelongingsinanemergencyroomdidhelearnthattheladyhadcontactedhisfamilyandquietlyleft.Overwhelmedbyhervirtue,Jackwasdesperatetofindher.Fortunately,therescuescenewaswhollyrecordedbyhiscamera.Hepostedthevideoonline,requestingcluessothathecouldsaythanksandsorrytoher.ToJack’sjoy,anetfriendsentamessagesayingwheretheladylived.Withgifts,Jackheadedforthelady’shome.Answeringthedoor,theladywassurprisedbutimmediatelygotawareofwhatwasgoingon.ShegaveJackahug,sayingsmilingly,“Sogladtoseeyouwell,son.”“Sorry,Icameforapologies.Ibehavedsorudely…andthanksforyourhelp.Otherwise…”Jackchoked,ashamedandgrateful.“Treatothersasyou’dliketobetreated.Everythingwillchangeforthebetter.Ihavefaithinyou,”shecomfortedtheyoungmanaffectionately.TheincidentdramaticallytransformedJack,whobecamehelpful,friendlyandpopular.【解析】【导语】本文以事件发展为线索展开，讲述了作者担心抖音视频粉丝点赞数下降，拍视频的时候对一个老年人无礼，后来不小心受伤失去知觉的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“除了那位老太太，周围没有其他人”可知，第一段可描写作者失去知觉后，老太太打了急救电话并精心护理它，等作者醒来的时候老太太已经悄然离开。作者决定找到老人表示歉意，于是在网上发布视频寻找老人。②由第二段首句内容“令杰克高兴的是，一位网友发了一条信息，说出了这位女士的住址”可知，第二段可描写作者在网友的帮助下找到老人，当面致歉并被原谅，老人告诉作者要善待他人。2.续写线索：旁边只有老人——救护——醒来后感到愧疚——决心找到老人——网上发视频——当面致歉——被原谅——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①检查：check/inspect/lookover②得知：learn/findout ③看见：see/spot/catchsightof情绪类①向某人致谢：saythankstosb/expressone’sgratitudetosb②惭愧的：ashamed/guilt-ridden【点睛】[高分句型1].Havingcalledanambulance,theladytendedtohiswoundscarefully.（现在分词短语作状语）[高分句型2].TheincidentdramaticallytransformedJack,whobecamehelpful,friendlyandpopular.（who引导的定语从句）