山东省日照市2023届高三英语二模试题（Word版附解析）

2020级高三校际联合考试英语试题2023.04本试卷共三部分，共10页。满分120分。考试时间100分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的条形码粘贴在答题卡相应的位置。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFromamulti-dayhikefollowingtheroutesofaJapanesepoet,toaclassicclimbintheArgentinianLakeDistrict,therearethousandsofincredibletrails(小路)thatallowustogetupclosetonature.AppalachianTrail,UnitedStatesExtendingfor2,200miles,theAppalachianTrailislistedasthelongesthiking-onlyfootpathintheworld.ItrunsfromSpringierMountaininGeorgiatoMountKatahdininMaine,passingthroughsomeofthemostremotecountryintheUnitedStates.Thatmeansit’sahardtask,eitherforthosewithendlessvacationallowance,orwalkerslookingtodoasmallpieceofaclassicroute.TheBashoWayfarer,JapanThisself-guidedtripfollowsaroutetakenbythepoetMatsuoBashoover300yearsago.Thesix-dayhikestartsinSendaiandworksitswaythroughthenorthernTohokuregion,passingthroughtheUNESCOWorldHeritage(遗产)SiteofHiraizumiandalongtheancientDewaKaidopath.Withitsbeechandcherryforests,itfinishesatthetempleofYamadera.MountToubkal,MoroccoThepathupwardsrisesfromthevillageofImlil,passingoveradryriverbedbeforerisingsharplythroughatempleandontowardsalargemountaincottage.Afterovernighthere,hikerssetoffupthesnowfieldtothepeak,wheretheAtlasMountainsopenoutandtheviewsarebreathtaking.Alocalguideandmuleteersforcarrying luggageareamust.TheDingleWay,IrelandItisaring-likepaththatoffersthebestwaytogetundertheskinofwildCountyKerryinIreland’ssouthwest.StartinginthetownofTralee,theclockwisepathfollowsnarrowroads,takinginthewidesweepofsandatInchStrand,passingalongtheclifftopsoutsideDingletownandheadingaroundtheedgeofMountBrardon,thehighestpeakontheDinglePeninsula.1.WhatdoweknowabouttheBashoWayfarer?A.Itoffersnoguideservice.B.Itwasbuiltbyapoet.C.ItendsinthenorthernTohokuregion.D.Itisontheworldheritagelist.2.Wherecanhikersenjoyagoodviewofsnow?A.AppalachianTrail.B.TheBashoWayfarer.C.MountToubkal.D.TheDingleWay.3.WhatisspecialabouttheDingleWay?A.Itfollowsacirclepath.B.Itisthelongestintheworld.C.ItfinishesatMountBrandon.D.ItreachesthehighestpeakinIreland.【答案】1.A2.C3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。从跟随日本诗人路线进行多日徒步旅行，到阿根廷湖区的经典攀登，这里有数千条令人难以置信的小径让我们能够亲近大自然。文章主要介绍了几条让我们能够亲近自然的小路。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据TheBashoWayfarer,Japan部分中第一句话“Thisself-guidedtripfollowsaroutetakenbythepoetMatsuoBashoover300yearsago.(这次自助之旅沿着300多年前诗人松尾芭蕉走过的路线进行)”可知，BashoWayfarer没有导游服务。故选A。2.细节理解题。根据MountToubkal,Morocco部分的第二句话“Afterovernighthere,hikerssetoffupthesnowfieldtothepeak,wheretheAtlasMountainsopenoutandtheviewsarebreathtaking.(在这里过了一夜之后，徒步旅行者们踏上了雪地，登上了山顶，阿特拉斯山脉向外延伸，景色令人叹为观止)”可知，在MountToubkal徒步旅行者沿着雪地向顶峰进发，沿途可欣赏到雪景。故选C。3.细节理解题。根据TheDingleWay,Ireland部分中“Itisaring-likepath(这是一个环形的道路)”可知，DingleWay这条线路是环形的。故选A。BKe’NyzjahFerebeewasstandingbythekitchenworktop,addingcupcakelinerstoapan.Sheusedanice creamspoontofilleachwithcakebatter(面糊)toensuretheywouldlookidentical.Afinishedgroupsatonthecounterwithwhitebuttercreamturningontop.Thecupcakeswerefora2-year-old’s“Moana”-themedbirthdayparty.Thenextday,shehadordersforatwo-tieredcakeandtwobirthdaycakes.Whilemostteenagersarespendingthesummerhangingoutwithfriendsandworking,Ke’Nyzjahisfillingorders,updatingherwebsiteandgettingnewbrandingphotos.SheownsandoperatesKayKeBakery,ahome-basedbusiness,specializingincustomcakesandcupcakes.Sheoffers14flavors.Sherequiresatleasttwotofourweeks’noticeonorders,andshegetssixtosevenaweek.In2020,shestartedbakingoutofboredomandadesireforcake.Sheaskedhermomforasolution.Mompointedhertoaboxofcakemixinthecupboard.Ke’Nyzjah’sfirstattemptfailed.Butshetriedmakingmorecakesthenextday.Shegotbetter.ShewatchedhoursofYouTubevideostocomeupwitharecipeandtoteachherselfbakingtechniques.“OnceIgotonInstagramandstartedseeingotherpeople’sdecoratedcakes,that’swhenIgotinspiredtobeacakeartistinsteadofjustabaker,”shesaid.Shetookbusinessclassessuchasdigitalmarketingatherschool.Shealsoregisteredforacoursetobecomeacertifiedcustomerservicespecialist.Ittaughtherhowtotalktocustomersandgetthroughasale.She’sconstantlytryingtofindmorewaystopromoteherbusinessandfindnewclients.“It’salittledifficulthavingtokeepupwithbothmyInstagramandmyFacebookpagesandmanagingschool,personallifeandabusiness.Itcanbealotsometimes,butImanage.”NakesiaFercbec,Ke’Nyzjah’smother,feltherdaughter’sfatherhasbeeninfluential.Ke’Nyzjahgiveshermotheralargeofthecredit.“She’slikemybiggestsupporter.She’smademewhoIam.I’vecometorealizethatIamanincredibleperson.”4.WhatwasKe’Nyzjahdoingaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.Designingathemedparty.B.Makingcakesforbusiness.C.Preparingforherbirthdayparty.D.Placinganorderforcakesonline.5.WhatcanbeinferredaboutKaykeBakery?A.Itiswellreceived.B.Ithostspartiesforcustomers.C.Itisajointbusiness.D.Itmainlyprovidesserviceforkids6.WhatmightbeachallengeforKe’Nyzjah?A.Attendingbusinessclasses.B.Teachingherselfbakingtechniques.C.Gettingalongwithherclients.D.Balancingherbusinesswithschooling.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Ahome-basedteenbaker.B.Aboredom-killingbakery. C.Howtobecomeacakeartist.D.Howtostartabusiness.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Ke’NyzjahFerebee，一个十几岁的青少年，在父母的支持下，在家自己制作蛋糕，开展网上定制业务，生意火爆。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Ke’NyzjahFerebeewasstandingbythekitchenworktop,addingcupcakelinerstoapan.Sheusedanicecreamspoontofilleachwithcakebatter(面糊)toensuretheywouldlookidentical.Afinishedgroupsatonthecounterwithwhitebuttercreamturningontop.Thecupcakeswerefora2-year-old’s“Moana”-themedbirthdayparty.Thenextday,shehadordersforatwo-tieredcakeandtwobirthdaycakes.(Ke’NyzjahFerebee正站在厨房的工作台面旁，往平底锅里加纸杯蛋糕衬垫。她用冰淇淋勺把蛋糕面糊填满，以确保它们看起来一模一样。一群吃完的人坐在柜台上，上面是白色的奶油。这些纸杯蛋糕是为一个两岁孩子的《海洋奇缘》主题生日派对准备的。第二天，她收到了两层蛋糕和两个生日蛋糕的订单。)”可知，Ke’Nyzjah在为生意做蛋糕。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Sherequiresatleasttwotofourweeks’noticeonorders,andshegetssixtosevenaweek.(她要求订单至少提前两到四周通知，而她每周会收到六到七份订单。)”可知，KaykeBakery很受欢迎。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句话“It’salittledifficulthavingtokeepupwithbothmyInstagramandmyFacebookpagesandmanagingschool,personallifeandabusiness.Itcanbealotsometimes,butImanage.(要同时关注我的Instagram和Facebook页面，还要管理学校、个人生活和生意，这有点困难。有时会有很多，但我能应付。)”可知，Ke’Nyzjah面临的挑战是平衡她的事业和学业。故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“Whilemostteenagersarespendingthesummerhangingoutwithfriendsandworking,Ke’Nyzjahisfillingorders,updatingherwebsiteandgettingnewbrandingphotos.SheownsandoperatesKayKeBakery,ahome-basedbusiness,specializingincustomcakesandcupcakes.Sheoffers14flavors.Sherequiresatleasttwotofourweeks’noticeonorders,andshegetssixtosevenaweek.(当大多数青少年都在和朋友出去玩、工作的时候，Ke’Nyzjah却在接订单、更新她的网站、拍摄新的品牌照片。她拥有并经营KayKeBakery，这是一家以家庭为基础的企业，专门从事定制蛋糕和纸杯蛋糕。她提供14种口味。她要求订单至少提前两到四周通知，而她每周会收到六到七份订单。)”可知，本文主要讲的是 Ke’NyzjahFerebee，一个十几岁的青少年，在父母的支持下，在家自己制作蛋糕，开展网上定制业务，生意火爆，故选A。CCrossingPhoenix,Arizona,are180milesofcanals.In1867,thecity’sfoundingfather,JackSwillingsawtheremainsofirrigation(灌溉)channelswanderingacrossthelandscape.Herealizedthat,centuriesbefore,somesocietyhadfarmedthisdesert.Soonafter,Swillingbeganclearingtheblockedcanalstobringagriculturebacktotheregion.Threeyearslater,Swillingandotherpioneersmettoconsidernamesfortheirsettlement.ThetoptwowerePumpkinvilleandStonewall.Luckily,EnglishadventurerDarrellDuppaproposedanameinspiredbytheresurrection(复兴)ofthecanals.“Agreatraceoncelivedhereandanothergreatracewilllivehereinthefuture,”heconsidered.“Ipredictthatanewcitywillspring,phoenix-like,fromtheruinsandashesoftheold.”GaryHuckleberry,aresearcher,said,“Inthesouthwest,wehavesomeseriousissuestodealwithintermsofwater.TheColoradoRiveristhemainsourceofwaterforthesouthwestandit’soverdistributed.We’vegotpopulationgrowthandclimatechange.Howarewegoingtodealwiththat?Ithinkthere’ssomethingtobelearnedbylookingatpastsocietieswhomanagedwaterforthousandsofyears.”ThatgreatsocietywastheHohokam.Between100and1450AD,theyconstructed1,000milesofcanals.AstheHohokamexpandedtheirnetwork,theyconstantlyrepaired,cleanedanddivertedthecanals.“Itrequirescooperation,becausealltheusersofthewaterfromthatcanalhavetoagreenotonlytoconstructit,butalsotomaintainit,”Henderson,ascientist,said.“Userswouldhavetoagreetocertainconditionstokeeptheentiresystemgoing.”TheHohokamcommittedtosharingwaterandputthemselvesontimetables.TheHohokamusedcanalirrigationfor3000years.“That,tome,isthedefinitionofsustainabledevelopment,”Huckleberrysaid.“Theylearnedhowtosustainablyfarm,tomanagewater,tonotdestroytheirsoilsinawaythatisworthyandmightgiveusinsightintohowwemightdealwiththecurrenttrouble.Ithinkoneofthekeylessonsisthatyoudon’tputallyoureggsinonebasket.”8.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Thereconstructionofcanals.B.Theoriginofthecity’snamePhoenix.C.Thediscoveryoftheirrigationchannels.D.Theagriculturaldevelopmentinthesettlement.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph3referto?A.Thesourceofwater.B.Theclimatechange.C.Thepopulationgrowth.D.Theover-distributionofwater. 10.WhatdoesHendersonsayabouttheHohokam?A.Theywereexpertinfarming.B.Theywerepoorattimemanagement.CTheyhadastrongsenseofteamspirit.D.Theyfoughtfortheirrightstousewater.11.WhichofthefollowingwouldHuckleberryagreewith?A.Canalirrigationisoutofdate.B.Sustainabledevelopmentmatters.C.Farmingcansolvecurrenttrouble.D.Thelossofsoilsisworsethanbefore.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了横跨亚利桑那州凤凰城的180英里长的运河，19世纪的时候城市的创始人们复兴了运河，城市的名称由此而来，更久以前霍霍坎人在这里建造并维护运河，以可持续的方式发展他们的社会。【8题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Threeyearslater,Swillingandotherpioneersmettoconsidernamesfortheirsettlement.ThetoptwowerePumpkinvilleandStonewall.Luckily,EnglishadventurerDarrellDuppaproposedanameinspiredbytheresurrection(复兴)ofthecanals.(三年后，Swilling和其他拓荒者开会考虑给他们的定居点起什么名字。前两名是Pumpkinville和Stonewall。幸运的是，英国冒险家DarrellDuppa以运河的复兴为灵感，提出了一个名字)”可知，第二段主要介绍了凤凰城起名的经过，拓荒者开会讨论了起名方案，英国冒险家DarrellDuppa以运河的复兴为灵感提出了凤凰城（Phoenix）这个名字。由此可知，B项“凤凰城名字的由来”可概括段落大意。故选B项。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Inthesouthwest,wehavesomeseriousissuestodealwithintermsofwater.TheColoradoRiveristhemainsourceofwaterforthesouthwestandit’soverdistributed.We’vegotpopulationgrowthandclimatechange.Howarewegoingtodealwiththat?(在西南地区，我们有一些严重的水的问题需要处理。科罗拉多河是西南地区的主要水源，但是分布过散。我们面临着人口增长和气候变化。我们要怎么处理呢？)”可知，因为人口增长和气候变化，水资源的问题愈发突出，需要解决科罗拉多河的水过于分散带来的问题。that指代的是上文的“it’soverdistributed”，即水的分布过散。故选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Henderson的话“Itrequirescooperation,becausealltheusersofthewaterfromthatcanalhavetoagreenotonlytoconstructit,butalsotomaintainit(这需要合作，因为这条运河的所有用水者不仅要同意建造它，还要同意维护它)” 可知，霍霍坎人在使用运河的时候共同合作，建造并维护运河，因此他们富有团队精神。故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中Huckleberry的话“Theylearnedhowtosustainablyfarm,tomanagewater,tonotdestroytheirsoilsinawaythatisworthyandmightgiveusinsightintohowwemightdealwiththecurrenttrouble.(他们学会了如何可持续地耕种，如何管理水资源，如何不破坏他们的土壤，这些都是有价值的，可能会让我们了解如何应对当前的问题)”可知，霍霍坎人使用运河的方式恰恰体现了可持续发展的理念，这种方式是有价值的，可以帮助我们应对当今的问题。由此推知，Huckleberry会同意“可持续发展非常重要”的观点。故选B项。DResearchersinSingaporehavedevelopedanelectronicmaterialthathelpsrobotssenseandtouchnearbyobjects.Thematerialisakindoffoam:asolidsubstancethatisfilledwithairandissoft.Andthefoamhasanotherusefulquality.Itrepairsitselfwhendamaged,muchlikehumanskin.ThematerialiscalledAiFoam,whichisshortforartificiallyinnervatedfoam.Toinnervatemeanstosupplywithnerves.Inrobots,AiFoamwouldgatherinformationfromnearbyandsendittoacomputercontrollingtherobot.AiFoamisastretchypolymer(聚合物)combinedwithamixturethatlowerssurfacetension.Thismeansthatifyoucutthematerial,itcanreturneasilyintoonepiece.Tocopythehumansenseoftouch,theresearchersmixedmicroscopicpiecesofmetalintothematerial.Thentheyaddedverysmallelectricalconnectionsbeneaththesurfaceofthefoam.BenjaminTee,aleadresearcheronthenewmaterialattheNationalUniversityofSingapore,saidthatwhenthereispressureonthematerial,themetalparticles(颗粒)getcloser.Themovementchangestheirelectricalproperties.Theelectricalconnectionssensethesechangesandsendinformationaboutthemtoacomputer,whichthentellstherobotwhattodo.“WhenImovemyfingernearthesensor,youcanseethesensorismeasuringthechangesofmyelectricalfieldandrespondsaccordinglytomytouch,”hesaid.Therobotichandsensesnotonlytheamountbutalsothedirectionoftheforceplacedonit.Thatcouldmakerobotsmoreintelligentandresponsive.TeesaidAiFoamisthefirstmaterialofitskindtocombineself-repairingpropertieswithnearnessandpressuresensing.Afterspendingovertwoyearsdevelopingit,Teeandhisteamhopethematerialcanbeputtousewithinfiveyears.12.WhatisonefeatureofAiFoam?A.Itismadeoutofair.B.Itisalow-costmaterial. C.Ithasself-repairingability.D.Itcanreplacehumanskin.13.Howdoestheauthordevelopparagraph2?A.Bygivinginstructions.B.Bylistingexamples.C.Bymakingcomparisons.D.Byofferingexplanations.14.Whichofthefollowinggivesorderstotherobot?A.BenjaminTee.B.Theresearcher.C.Thesensor.D.Thecomputer.15.WhatcanwelearnaboutAiFoamfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Itcanmeasuretheshapeofyourfinger.B.Itcanchangethedirectionoftheforce.C.Itwillcomeontothemarketinthenearfuture.D.Itmakesrobotsmoresensitivethanhumanbeings.【答案】12.C13.D14.D15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍新加坡的研究人员开发了一种电子材料，可以帮助机器人感知和触摸附近的物体。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Itrepairsitselfwhendamaged,muchlikehumanskin.ThematerialiscalledAiFoam,whichisshortforartificiallyinnervatedfoam.(它在受损时可以自我修复，就像人类的皮肤一样。这种材料被称为AiFoam，是人工神经泡沫的缩写)”可知，AiFoam的一个特点是它有自我修复的能力。故选C项。【13题详解】推理判断题。第二段中“ThematerialiscalledAiFoam,whichisshortforartificiallyinnervatedfoam.Toinnervatemeanstosupplywithnerves.Inrobots,AiFoamwouldgatherinformationfromnearbyandsendittoacomputercontrollingtherobot.AiFoamisastretchypolymer(聚合物)combinedwithamixturethatlowerssurfacetension.Thismeansthatifyoucutthematerial,itcanreturneasilyintoonepiece.(这种材料被称为AiFoam，是人工神经泡沫的缩写。神经支配的意思是供给神经。在机器人中，AiFoam会从附近收集信息并将其发送给控制机器人的计算机。AiFoam是一种具有弹性的聚合物，结合了一种降低表面张力的混合物。这意味着，如果你切割材料，它可以很容易地恢复成一块)”中通过解释的方式说明了AiFoam是什么。故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Theelectricalconnectionssensethesechangesandsendinformationaboutthemtoa computer,whichthentellstherobotwhattodo.(电子连接感应到这些变化，并将相关信息发送给计算机，然后计算机告诉机器人该怎么做)”可知，计算机向机器人下命令。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最一段中“Afterspendingovertwoyearsdevelopingit,Teeandhisteamhopethematerialcanbeputtousewithinfiveyears.(经过两年多的研发，Tee和他的团队希望这种材料能在五年内投入使用)”可推知，AiFoam将在不久的将来上市。故选C项。第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Hurricaneseasoncanbewildandunpredictable.____16____Herearesomewaysyoucanbeefupyourhomesecurityinhurricaneweather,evenifyouneedtomoveout.____17____Thatactuallydoesnothingtoensureyoursafetyinthepowerfulwinds.Stickingtohurricanesheltersorplywood(胶合板)istheonlywaytogowhenitcomestoprotectingthosepointsofentryinhurricaneconditions.Buysheetsofplywood,measureyourwindowsandusebrackets(支架)toholdtheplywoodinplace.Sandbagsareveryuseful.Whilesandbagswon’tbeabletohelpintheextremestorm,manypeoplewillbeabletopreventfloodingandextensivedamagetotheirbelongingsbyplacingsandbags.____18____Anystormwaterthatiskeptoutofyourhomeisstormwaterthatwon’tbeabletodamagethebelongingsinsideyourhome,sosandbagsarewellworthhavingatyourdoorwaysduringahurricane.It’simportanttopreparetheinsideofyourhomeforstrongwindsandrain.Butyoushouldalsokeepaneyeontheoutsideofyourhouse,too.Trim(修剪)trees,especiallydeadbranches,topreventanythingelsethatcouldflythroughawindowandcausedamageduringahurricane.____19____Youshouldalsotakepicturesofexpensiveitemslikeelectronicsandkeepnotesoftheirserialnumbers.____20____Also,therearealwaysbadpeopleoutrightafterastorm.Iftheworsthappensandyourhomeisbrokenintorightafterabadstorm,havingpicturesanddetailednotesaboutwhatwasinyourhomepriortothehurricanewillmakeiteasierforpolicetotrackdownstolenitems.A.Youshouldhaveacameraathome.B.Itcanbestrongenoughtoresisttheforcefulwinds.C.Makingsurenothingislooseinyouryardisimportant.D.Youmayseepeopletapingwindowsbeforeahurricanecomes.E.Theywillbeabletoeffectivelykeepstormwateroutinmanycases.F.Itwillaidwithyourinsurancecompanyifanythingneedstobereplaced. G.Thesedangerousstormscanbringdamagetoyourhomeandbelongings.【答案】16.G17.D18.E19.C20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章提供了一些在飓风天气下加强家庭安全的方法。【16题详解】根据前文“Hurricaneseasoncanbewildandunpredictable.(飓风季节可能是狂野而不可预测的。)”和后文“Herearesomewaysyoucanbeefupyourhomesecurityinhurricaneweather,evenifyouneedtomoveout.(这里有一些方法可以在飓风天气下加强你的家庭安全，即使你需要搬出去。)”可知，此处是指飓风会对生命财产造成损害，所以选项G“这些危险的风暴会给你的房屋和财物带来损害。”切合文意。故选G。【17题详解】根据后文“Thatactuallydoesnothingtoensureyoursafetyinthepowerfulwinds.(这实际上并不能保证你在强风中的安全。)”可知，that是指前文中提到了人们面对飓风的保护措施，所以选项D“你可能会看到人们在飓风来之前用胶带贴窗户。”切合文意。故选D。【18题详解】根据后文“Anystormwaterthatiskeptoutofyourhomeisstormwaterthatwon’tbeabletodamagethebelongingsinsideyourhome,sosandbagsarewellworthhavingatyourdoorwaysduringahurricane.(任何被挡在外面的雨水都不会损坏你家里的物品，所以在飓风来临时，在你的门口放上沙袋是非常值得的。)”可知，此处是指沙袋可以把雨水挡在外面，所以选项E“在许多情况下，它们将能够有效地阻挡雨水。”切合文意。故选E。19题详解】根据前文“Trim(修剪)trees,especiallydeadbranches,topreventanythingelsethatcouldflythroughawindowandcausedamageduringahurricane.(修剪树木，尤其是枯枝，以防止任何其他东西从窗户飞进来，在飓风期间造成破坏。)”可知，此处是指防止庭院里有疏松的东西被吹到屋子里造成破坏，所以选项C“确保你的院子里没有任何东西松动是很重要的。”切合文意。故选C。【20题详解】根据前文“Youshouldalsotakepicturesofexpensiveitemslikeelectronicsandkeepnotesoftheirserialnumbers.(你还应该给昂贵的物品拍照，比如电子产品，并记下它们的序列号。)”可知，此处是指给昂贵的物品拍照并记下它们的序列号有助于向保险公司申请赔偿，所以选项F“如果有什么东西需要更换，它会帮助你的保险公司。”切合文意。故选F。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ResidentsofaWiltshiretownhavecreatedaverticallivinggardentofightpollution.Thewallofplantshasbeen____21____tothesideofashopinBridgeYardinthecenterofBradford-on-Avon.StephanieEdwards____22____theideaandbroughtittothetowncounciltoputinto____23____.“Asamatteroffact,theplantshave____24____withtheminsects,andwe’vehadacoupleofbirdssittinguptheresoit’s____25____forsureandwemustnotforgetthe____26____ofhealthandwellbeing,”shesaid.Thewallhadbeeninthe____27____since2019andtookaboutfivedaystoconstruct.Thewallis____28____seasonalplants,lowenergyLEDlighting,birdhousesandbughotels.AlexKaysaidthelivingwallhadanumberofbeneficial____29____.“Idon’tthinkthatanyonewillguaranteethatthiswillsolveourairqualitysituation,butitwill_____30_____it,”shesaid.“It’snotjustthetrafficandthe_____31_____quality,butthisisaboutwellbeing.Thisisgoodforthe_____32_____.”JamesSullivan-Tailyour,whoownsthenearbySwanHotel,saidhewasreally_____33_____withthewall.“Ithinkit’s_____34_____acleanertown,anicertown,butalsosomething_____35_____thatisgoingtoattractvisitorsaswell,”headded.21.A.limitedB.movedC.attachedD.pulled22.A.explainedB.formedC.testedD.predicted23.A.actionB.troubleC.shapeD.production24.A.filledB.sharedC.broughtD.kept25.A.changingB.growingC.marketingD.working26.A.benefitsB.causesC.meaningsD.results27.A.waitingB.planningC.paintingD.destroying28.A.connectedtoB.mixedwithC.madeupofD.brokenupinto29.A.aspectsB.profitsC.viewsD.examples30.A.makeB.helpC.leaveD.find31.A.lifeB.soilC.waterD.air32.A.businessB.agricultureC.technologyD.communication33.A.familiarB.carefulC.patientD.pleased34.A.designingB.creatingC.describingD.copying35.A.abnormalB.strangeC.uniqueD.common【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.C25.D26.A27.B28.C29.A30.B31.D32.A33.D34.B35.C 【解析】【导语】本文是新闻报道。叙述了Wiltshiretown用贴植物墙的方法来保护环境和促进居民身心健康。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这堵植物墙被贴在了位于埃文河畔布拉德福德中心的桥场(BridgeYard)一家商店的侧面。A.limited限制；B.moved移动；C.attached贴；附；D.pulled拉。根据前文“ResidentsofaWiltshiretownhavecreatedaverticallivinggardentofightpollution.”和下文“tothesideofashopinBridgeYardinthecenterofBradford-on-Avon”可知，植物墙被贴到(attached)商店的一边来保护环境。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：斯蒂芬妮·爱德华兹提出了这个想法，并将其提交给镇议会付诸实施。A.explained解释；B.formed形成；C.tested考验；D.predicted预测。根据“theideaandbroughtittothetowncounciltoputinto____3____”可以得知，StephanieEdwards想到了(formed)这个主意。故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：斯蒂芬妮·爱德华兹提出了这个想法，并将其提交给镇议会付诸实施。A.action行动；B.trouble麻烦；C.shape形状；D.production产量。根据上文“Thewallofplantshasbeen____1____tothesideofashopinBridgeYardinthecenterofBradford-on-Avon.”所示，StephanieEdwards想到了这个主意，并将这个主意带到议会付诸实施(putintoaction)。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这些植物带来了昆虫，我们还看到几只鸟停歇在那里，所以它肯定是起作用的，我们不能忘记它对健康和福祉的好处。”A.filled充满；B.shared共享；C.brought带来；D.kept保持。根据常识可知，事实上，植物本身会带来(brought)很多昆虫。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这些植物带来了昆虫，我们还看到几只鸟停歇在那里，所以它肯定是起作用的，我们不能忘记它对健康和福祉的好处。”A.changing改变；B.growing成长；C.marketing营销；D.working起作用。根据前文“we’vehadacoupleofbirdssittingupthere”可知，还有很多鸟儿会在这里停歇，所以对于环境一定会起作用(working)。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这些植物带来了昆虫，我们还看到几只鸟停歇在那里，所以它肯定是起作用的，我们不能忘记它对健康和福祉的好处。”A.benefits利益；B.causes原因；C.meanings意思；D.results结果。根据前文“Asamatteroffact,theplantshave____4____withtheminsects,andwe’vehadacoupleofbirdssittingupthere”可知，尽管带来昆虫，但是植物的确是起作用的，因此，我们不要忘记它对于身心健康带来的益处(benefits)。故选A。 【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自2019年以来，这堵墙一直在规划中，花了大约五天的时间才建成。A.waiting等待；B.planning计划；C.painting给……上油漆；D.destroying毁坏。根据后文“tookaboutfivedaystoconstruct”可知，植物墙自从2019年以来就在计划之中(intheplanning)。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：墙壁由季节性植物、低能耗LED照明、鸟舍和昆虫旅馆组成。A.connectedto与……相连接；B.mixedwith与……混合；C.madeupof由……组成；D.brokenupinto分裂成。根据下文“seasonalplants,lowenergyLEDlighting,birdhousesandbughotels”可知，这面墙由季节性植物，节能LED灯等组成(bemadeupof)。故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：亚历克斯·凯说，这面活墙有许多有益的方面。A.aspects方面；B.profits利润；C.views意见；D.examples榜样。根据上文“wemustnotforgetthe____6____ofhealthandwellbeing”提示，植物墙除了给居民身心健康带来益处，它也会带来很多有益的方面(aspects)。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不认为有人能保证这将解决我们的空气质量问题，但它会有所帮助，”她说。A.make制作；B.help帮助；C.leave离开；D.find发现。根据前文“Idon’tthinkthatanyonewillguaranteethatthiswillsolveourairqualitysituation”可知，植物墙不会完全解决空气质量问题，但至少能够帮助改善空气质量(help)。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这不仅仅是交通和空气质量的问题，还关系到健康。这对商业有利。A.life生命；B.soil土壤；C.water水；D.air空气。根据上文可以得知，植物墙不仅能够改善空气质量，而且对于身体健康也很有帮助。故选D。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这不仅仅是交通和空气质量的问题，还关系到健康。这对商业有利。A.business商业；生意；B.agriculture农业；C.technology科技；D.communication交流。根据前文“Thewallofplantshasbeen____1____tothesideofashop”可知，此处说的是，植物墙对于商店的生意也有好处。故选A。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：附近天鹅酒店(SwanHotel)的老板詹姆斯·苏利文-泰尔(JamesSullivan-Tail)说，他对这堵墙非常满意。A.familiar熟悉的；B.careful仔细的；C.patient耐心的；D.pleased高兴的。从下文“cleaner,nicer”可以看出，旅馆老板对植物墙带来的好处也很满意(pleased)。故选D。 【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我认为这将创造一个更干净、更美好的小镇，同时也会吸引游客。”他补充道。A.designing设计；B.creating创造；C.describing描述；D.copying复制。根据前文“ResidentsofaWiltshiretownhavecreatedaverticallivinggardentofightpollution.”可知，旅馆老板认为植物墙正在创造一个更干净和更美好的城镇，其余各项逻辑意义不符。故选B。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我认为这将创造一个更干净、更美好的小镇，同时它创造了独特的东西也会吸引游客。”他补充道。A.abnormal非正常的；B.strange奇怪的；C.unique独一无二的；D.common普通的。根据前文“Asamatteroffact,theplantshave____4____withtheminsects,andwe’vehadacoupleofbirdssittinguptheresoit’s____5____forsureandwemustnotforgetthe____6____ofhealthandwellbeing”可知，植物墙正在创造一个更干净和更美好的城镇，它也创造了独特的(unique)东西来吸引游客。故选C。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。SamanthaCristoforetti,thefirstItalianfemaleastronautinspace,____36____(post)agroupofphotosandseveralChinesesentencesonherTwitteraccountduringhermissionattheInternationalSpaceStation.Attachedtothephotos____37____(be)severallinesfromPrefacetoPoemsComposedattheOrchidPavilion,anancientChinesecalligraphymasterpiece____38____famousChinesecalligrapherWangXizhifromtheEasternJinDynasty.Cristoforettievengave____39____accuratetranslationofthelines,saying,“Lookingup,Iseethevastnessoftheuniverse.____40____(bow)myhead,Ilookatthemultitudeoftheworld.Thegazeflies,theheartexpands,thejoyofthesensescanreachitspeak,____41____thisistruehappinessindeed.”“Herquotation(引语)ofthelinesshowsthatshe____42____(careful)observedtheuniversewiththevisionofChinesecivilizationwhileobservingChinafromspace.Suchaquotationisveryspecial,____43____showsherambitionandasenseofpride,”saidProfessorWangHuifromTsinghuaUniversity.Herquotationalsosparkedaheated____44____(discuss)amongforeignInternetusersonsocialmedia.SomenetizenssaidthatwithherChineselanguagecapacity,Cristoforettialsohastheability____45____(work)attheChinesespacestation,whileothershopethattherewillbelessconflictandmorecooperationintheworld.【答案】36.posted37.were38.by39.an40.Bowing41.and##so 42.carefully43.which44.discussion45.towork【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了意大利航天员克里斯托福雷蒂在太空写下中国古文《兰亭集序》中的句子，一条“太空推特”引发网友热议，共同探索和和平利用外空会促进全人类的共同福祉，各国理应携手合作，让地球和世界变得更加美好。【36题详解】考查时态。句意：萨曼莎·克里斯托福雷蒂是第一位进入太空的意大利女宇航员，她在国际空间站执行任务期间，在自己的推特账号上发布了一组照片和几句中文。空处为句子谓语动词，陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填posted。【37题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：照片的附件是《兰亭集序》中的几行，这是中国东晋著名书法家王羲之的古代书法杰作。空处为句子谓语动词，陈述过去的事情用一般过去时；该句为表语前置的倒装，主语是lines，故谓语动词应用复数形式，故填were。【38题详解】考查介词。句意同上。表示“作者是，由……所写”应用介词by。故填by。【39题详解】考查冠词。句意：克里斯托福雷蒂甚至准确地翻译了这些词句，她说：“抬头看，我看到了宇宙的浩瀚。低头看，我看着世界的浩瀚。凝视飞翔，心灵膨胀，感官的喜悦达到顶峰，这才是真正的幸福。”translation“翻译”是可数名词单数形式，此处为泛指，应添加不定冠词，且accurate的发音是元音音素开头，故填an。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。逗号前部分是状语，空处应填非谓语动词，逻辑主语I和bow之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填Bowing。41题详解】考查连词。句意同4小题。空处应填连词连接两个句子，结合句意可知，上下文是并列或因果关系，用并列连词and/so符合题意。故填and/so。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：她引用的词句表明，她在太空观察中国的同时，用中华文明的眼光仔细观察了宇宙。修饰动词observed应用所给词的副词形式。故填carefully。 【43题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这样引语很特别，这表明了她的雄心壮志和自豪感。空处引导非限制性定语，先行词是quotation，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：她的引语也在社交媒体上引发了外国网民的热烈讨论。空处应填名词discussion“讨论”作宾语，冠词a提示用其单数形式。故填discussion。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一些网友表示，凭借她的中文能力，克里斯托福雷蒂也有能力在中国空间站工作，而另一些人则希望世界上少一些冲突，多一些合作。该句中已有谓语动词has，故空处填非谓语动词，ability后常用不定式作后置定语。故填towork。第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，你校原定于本周五举行为期两天的“农耕研学(AgriculturalFieldTrip)”活动，因天气影响将延期举行。请你写一封邮件告知交换生David，内容包括：1.说明变动原因；2.告知变动情况。注意：1.词数80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearDavid,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】Onepossibleversion:DearDavid,Howiseverythinggoing?I’msorrytotellyouthatsomeadjustmentshavebeenmadetothetwo-dayAgriculturalFieldTrip,whichwasscheduledforthisFriday.Accordingtothelatestweatherreport,there’sgoingtobeaheavyrainthisFriday.Thus,ourschoolhas decidedtoputoffthefieldtripuntilitgetsbetter.Weatherpermitting,theactivitymaytakeplacenextFriday.Iwillletyouknowonceitisconfirmed.Ihopetheunexpectedchangewon’tcauseyoumuchinconvenience.Bestwishes!Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本文是应用文写作。要求考生写一封邮件告知交换生David原定于本周五举行为期两天的“农耕研学(AgriculturalFieldTrip)”活动，因天气影响将延期举行。【详解】1.词汇积累安排：schedule→arrange因此：thus→therefore推迟：putoff→delay导致：cause→leadto2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Weatherpermitting,theactivitymaytakeplacenextFriday.拓展句：TheactivitymaytakeplacenextFridayifweatherpermits.【点睛】[高分句型1]I’msorrytotellyouthatsomeadjustmentshavebeenmadetothetwo-dayAgriculturalFieldTrip,whichwasscheduledforthisFriday.(which引导的非限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]Thus,ourschoolhasdecidedtoputoffthefieldtripuntilitgetsbetter.(until引导的时间状语从句)第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。December1952inWisconsinwasbitterlycold.Acurious7-year-old,Iwasinhesitationwhenmyfatherarrivedhomefromworkwithsomethinghiddeninhisjacket.“GuesswhatIhave,”hesaid.Heslowlyunwrappedthejackettotakeoutafrozenowl(猫头鹰).He’dfoundthefrozenbirdonhiscarwhenheleftworkandguessedthatithadflownintothewindshield(挡风玻璃).Dadthoughtitmightbealiveandwantedtoletitwarmup.Mymotheragreedtoletthebirdstayovernight,soDadandItookittothebasement(地下室)andcarefullylaiditnearourcoalstove.Iwasthefirstoneintothekitchenthenextmorningforabowlofcereal(麦片).Ifoundtheowlrestingonthesugarbowlasifwaitingforitsbreakfast.Ihurriedtotellmyparentsthattheowlwasaliveandsittingatthekitchentable.Momdidn’tlikethatitwasinthekitchenandwanteditoutofthehouse. Dadinstructedmetoopenthebackdoorwhileheforcedtheowltowardme.Iheardtheflappingofwings,butbeforeIcoulddirectitsflightoutside,theowlturnedaroundawayfromthecoldaircominginthedoorandflewpastme,downthestairsintotheshelterofthewarmbasement.Restinginthespacenearthetopofthebasement,theowlwassafelybeyondourreach.Wetrieddrivingitoutwithabroom,butitcalmlyflewtothefarsideofthebasement.SoonDadandIwerelaughingtoohardtocontinue,andwerealizedtherewasnowaywecoulddrivetheowloutifitwantedtostay.MomagreedtohaveitinthehouseuntilDadcouldcatchitwhenitbecameweakfromhunger.Butthatneverhappened.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Thedoordidn’tshutproperly,whichallowedmiceintothebasement.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Asspringarrived,weknewitwastimefortheowltoleave.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:Thedoordidn’tshutproperly,whichallowedmiceintothebasement.Inthedaysthatfollowed,theowlcaughtthemiceinthebasementandenjoyedeverymealofthem.Beforelong,itbecamesofatthatDadmighthaveeasilycaughtit.Buthedidn’t.EvenMomneveraskedhimtodriveitoutofthehouse.Iusuallyshowedmyfriendstheowlthatlivedinmybasementandexplaineditseatinghabits.Timepassedquicklyandthreemonthswentbybeforeweknewit.Asspringarrived,weknewitwastimefortheowltoleave.Onawarmafternoon,wedecidedtosetthebirdfree.Iopenedthedoor,thoughIhatedtodoit.Theowlseemedtoreadourmindsandflewoutintothetallpeartreeinourbackyard.Weobserveditaroundtheneighborhoodforafewmoredaysandthenitwasgone.Wefeltasenseofloss.Wetookcomfortknowingitwasfreeandhealthy,ifabitoverweight.【解析】 【导语】本文以事件为线索展开，七岁的时候，作者从下班回家的爸爸那里收到了一只小猫头鹰，因为天气寒冷而且在户外待了很久，爸爸不确定小猫头鹰是否还活着，于是把它放在温暖的地下室待上一个晚上。第二天早上作者发现它还活着，但是妈妈对它有些反感，所以想赶走它，不过没能成功，于是小猫头鹰在家里待了下去。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“门没关好，老鼠进了地下室。”可知，第一段可描写小猫头鹰怎样对付自己的天敌老鼠，以及一家人对待它的态度。②由第二段首句内容“春天来了，我们知道猫头鹰该离开了。”可知，第二段可描写一家人如何放生小猫头鹰，小猫头鹰是什么样的表现，一家人看着小猫头鹰离开的内心感受。2.续写线索：老鼠进入地下室——小猫头鹰对付老鼠——一家人的态度——一家人意识到应让小猫头鹰离开——一家人放生小猫头鹰——小猫头鹰的表现——一家人的感受3.词汇激活行为类①捕捉：catch/hunt/preyon/grab/seize②享用：enjoy/relish/savor③赶走：driveaway/chaseaway/driveout/dispel/expel④展示：show/display/showcase/present/introduce⑤解释：explain/clarify/describe/delineate⑥看：observe/watch/see/keepaneyeon情绪类①不愿意：hate/dislike/hesitate/beunwilling/bereluctant②失落：loss/pain/suffering/grief③欣慰：comfort/relief/consolation/ease【点睛】[高分句型1]Beforelong,itbecamesofatthatDadmighthaveeasilycaughtit.（so…that引导结果状语从句）[高分句型2]Iusuallyshowedmyfriendstheowlthatlivedinmybasementandexplaineditseatinghabits.（关系代词that引导定语从句修饰theowl）[高分句型3]Iopenedthedoor,thoughIhatedtodoit.（从属连词though引导让步状语从句）