山东省聊城市2023届高三英语二模试题（Word版附解析）

2023年聊城市高考模拟试题英语(二)本试卷分三部分，共10页。满分120分。考试用时100分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhetherweliveinanurbanstudio,oramodest-sizehomefilledwithpeople,spaceinourhomescanbehardtocomeby.Evenwithoutalotofstuff,keepingeverythingorganizedpresentsachallenge.Tomakethemostofthespaceyouhave,incorporatethesecleverideasthatmayhelp.Doubleup.Considermultipurposeforeverypieceoffurniture.Buyingacoffeetable?Getonewithstoragedrawersbeneath,orusealargebaskettoppedwithaprettyservingtrayinstead.Ifyouneedabench,chooseonethatincludesunder-seatstoragefor,say,somemagazines.Gethigh.Alwaysconsidervertical(32HJ)space.Shelveshighonwallscanstorebooks,photoalbumsorholidaydecorations.Hanginghooksforpotsandpanscangiveyoubackwholekitchencabinets,andhooksonwallsprovideaspotforjackets,beltsorkeys.Shadowboxesonbathroomwallscanhouseprettyperfumebottles,lotionsandtoiletries.Sinkabasket.Basketscanhelporganizeeveryareaofyourhome.Youcantosshardwaretools,allthekids’toysorseveralpairsofsandalsinlargebaskets.Sticksmallcontainersinkitchendrawerstokeeppens,rubberbands,stickersandmagnifyingglassorganized.Topdrawer.Asetofdrawersbeneathstairscanmakeuseofotherwise-wastedfloorspaceespeciallyforarticlesnot,sooftenused.DIYLifeoffersinstructionsforthreewaysofaddingunder-stairstorage.Getthematnaturalhomeandgarden.com/smart-storage.1.Whatisthepurposeof“doubleup”?A.Tomakeuseofspaceonthewall.B.Toleavemorespaceonthefloor. C.Tokeepsmallarticlesindrawers.D.Togeneratemorefunctionsoffurniture.2.Whichcanbeagoodsolutiontostoringrarely-useditems?A.Doubleup.B.Gethigh.C.Sinkabasket.D.Topdrawer.3.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Amagazine.B.Anadvertisement.C.Anewsreport.D.Atourguidebook.【答案】1.D2.D3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些充分利用空间的办法。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Considermultipurposeforeverypieceoffurniture.Buyingacoffeetable?Getonewithstoragedrawersbeneath,orusealargebaskettoppedwithaprettyservingtrayinstead.Ifyouneedabench,chooseonethatincludesunder-seatstoragefor,say,somemagazines.(考虑多用途的每一件家具。买一张咖啡桌？买一个下面有储物抽屉的，或者用一个大篮子，上面放一个漂亮的盘子。如果你需要一个长凳，那就选一个座位下面有储物空间的，比如说，放一些杂志)”可知，“doubleup”的目的是让家具产生出更多功能。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Asetofdrawersbeneathstairscanmakeuseofotherwise-wastedfloorspaceespeciallyforarticlesnot,sooftenused.(楼梯下面的一组抽屉可以利用原本浪费的地板空间，尤其是用来放不经常使用的物品)”可知，储存很少使用的物品的好方法是“顶层抽屉”。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Whetherweliveinanurbanstudio,oramodest-sizehomefilledwithpeople,spaceinourhomescanbehardtocomeby.Evenwithoutalotofstuff,keepingeverythingorganizedpresentsachallenge.Tomakethemostofthespaceyouhave,incorporatethesecleverideasthatmayhelp.(无论我们是住在城市的工作室里，还是住在一个挤满了人的中等大小的家里，我们家里的空间都很难获得。即使没有很多东西，保持一切井井有条也是一项挑战。为了充分利用你所拥有的空间，结合这些聪明的想法可能会有所帮助)”以及最后一段“Getthematnaturalhomeandgarden.com/smart-storage.(可以在naturalhome和garden.com/smart-storage上购买)”可推知，文章选自杂志。故选A。BAnimportantlifelessonthatI’vedrawnfromrunningistorunatmyownpace.Ithasguidedmeinmanyways.Inparticular,itmademechallengethefixedexpectationsofretirementandaging. Runningisametaphor(隐喻)forlife.Irealizedthiswhiletrainingforamarathontocelebratemy60thbirthday.Alltheotherrunnersbeingfasterthanmemademeembarrassed.Butmycoachsharedsomevaluableadvice;runatyourownbestpace.Settingagoalortargettimecouldbealimitation.Hewasright.Overtime,Iranmoreeasilyandfaster.Ialsoenjoyedtheexperiencemuchmore.Ihaveappliedthisprincipletootherareasofmylife.FindingarhythmisnotaboutefficiencyorhowmanythingsIcangetdoneinaday.IthasmoretodowithwhatIdecidetodoatthisstageinmylife.Runningcarriesitsownsetofexpectations,includingwhatitmeanstobeastrongrunner.Butexpectationsalsoextendtootherareasoflife,includingwhatpeopleatcertainlifestagesshouldbedoingornotdoing.Expectationsatmyagecancenteronhowleisuretimeisspent,decisionsaboutemployment,andeventheroleofagrandmother.Iusedtothinkitwasyoungpeoplewhoborepeerpressure,butit’seasytoviewretirementasanotheroccupationwithbenchmarks(基准)tobemet.Weoftenmakewhatsomeoneelsedoesthereferencepoint.It’sacomparisontrap.Forgetwhatothersaredoing.Theirpaceisnotnecessarilythepaceyoushouldrunat.Runinyourownway.It’snotbetterorworse—onlydifferent.4.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellinparagraph2?A.Theoriginofalifeprinciple.B.Hermisunderstandingofrunning.C.Theimportanceoflifeexpectations.D.Herunpleasanttrainingexperience.5.Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutlifeexpectations?A.Theyarevitalforretiredpeople.B.Theyvaryatdifferentlifestages.C.Theycovereverydecisioninlife.D.Theyareusuallytoohightofulfill.6.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph5?A.Youngpeopleoftencompetewitholdpeople.B.Retiredpeopletakeupbadoccupations.C.Retiredpeoplearealsounderpeerpressure.D.Acomparisontrapmakesyoungpeoplestronger.7.Whatmessagedoestheauthormainlywanttoconvey?A.Retirementcan’tstopoldpeople’sdreams.B.Peopleshouldlivelifetothefullest.C.Peopleshouldliveattheirownspeed.D.Runningatafixedpaceisbeneficialtoretiredpeople.【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.C【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了作者认为每个人的人生应该有自己的节奏，而不是按照别人的期望生活。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Runningisametaphor(隐喻)forlife.Irealizedthiswhiletrainingforamarathontocelebratemy60thbirthday.Alltheotherrunnersbeingfasterthanmemademeembarrassed.Butmycoachsharedsomevaluableadvice;runatyourownbestpace.Settingagoalortargettimecouldbealimitation.Hewasright.Overtime,Iranmoreeasilyandfaster.Ialsoenjoyedtheexperiencemuchmore.(跑步是人生的一种隐喻。我是在为庆祝我60岁生日的马拉松训练时意识到这一点的。所有其他跑者都比我快，这让我很尴尬。但我的教练分享了一些有价值的建议；以你自己最好的速度跑。设定目标或目标时间可能是一种限制。他是对的。随着时间的推移，我跑得更轻松、更快了。我也更喜欢这段经历)”可知，作者在第2段想说生命原理的起源。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Runningcarriesitsownsetofexpectations,includingwhatitmeanstobeastrongrunner.Butexpectationsalsoextendtootherareasoflife,includingwhatpeopleatcertainlifestagesshouldbedoingornotdoing.Expectationsatmyagecancenteronhowleisuretimeisspent,decisionsaboutemployment,andeventheroleofagrandmother.(跑步有它自己的一套期望，包括成为一名强壮的跑步者意味着什么。但期望也延伸到生活的其他领域，包括人们在某些生命阶段应该做什么或不应该做什么。在我这个年纪，人们的期望可能集中在如何度过闲暇时间、决定就业，甚至是扮演祖母的角色)”可知，作者认为生活期望在不同的人生阶段有所不同。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Iusedtothinkitwasyoungpeoplewhoborepeerpressure,butit’seasytoviewretirementasanotheroccupationwithbenchmarks(基准)tobemet.(我过去认为是年轻人承受着同辈压力，但很容易把退休看作是另一种需要达到标准的职业)”可推知，退休人员也面临同辈压力。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Forgetwhatothersaredoing.Theirpaceisnotnecessarilythepaceyoushouldrunat.Runinyourownway.It’snotbetterorworse—onlydifferent.(忘记别人在做什么。他们的速度不一定是你应该跑的速度。用你自己的方式奔跑。没有好坏之分，只是不同而已)”可推知，作者主要想传达的信息是人们应该按照自己的节奏生活。故选C。CToday,batterypowerperkilowatthourcostsaroundonlytenpercentofwhatitdidadecadeago.Andtheexpectationisthatthecostswillcontinuetofall,becausebatterychemistryimprovesandmanufacturing(批量生产) lotsofbatteriesonamassivescalemakestheproductionofindividualbatteriescheaper.Youcanbeforgivenforthinkingthatthismightonlybeofinteresttoaccountants,butthepossibleeffectsofthisareenormous,andwillbenefitallofus.Firstandmostobviously,ithasmadethebatteriesinelectriccarscheaperandlonger-lasting.Andbrilliantly,becauseelectricbatteriesareimprovingsodramatically,wecanalreadyseetheresults.LastSeptember,15percentofall-newvehicleregistrationswerepureelectricvehicles.Sothechangeisstartingtohappen.Betterbatteriesdoesnotjustmeanbettercarshowever.Theycanalsohelpusdecarbonisetheentirenationalgrid(输电网).Storingenergyhasalwaysbeenaproblemforthegrid.Today,onlyatinyamountofgeneratedelectricityisstoredforlateruse,whichleadstolotsofpowergoingtowaste.Butbetterbatteriesmakeittechnologicallyandeconomicallyviabletostorelargeamountsofenergyfromthegrid.It’spossiblethatinthenot-too-distantfuture,wemighthaveanenormousbatteryinthegarage.Itwouldtakepowerfromthegrid(ormaybeevensolarpanelsontheroof),andpowerappliancesandlightsinourhomesatthetimeswhendemandforelectricityishigh.Homebatteriesarenotyetasestablishedaselectriccars»but-theyarealsogrowinginpopularity.So,givenhowmuchtechnologyhasimprovedbatteriesoverthelastdecade,Ican’thelpbutbestrangelyoptimisticaboutthefuture.Batteriesmaynotbeasflashy(华丽的)asphones,rocketsorothernewtechnologies.Butwhenitcomestotechnologytofightclimatechange,they’redefinitelyleadingthecharge.8.Whatcontributestothepopularityofelectriccars?A.Theproductionofindividualbatteries.B.Thelongerdurationandlesscostofbatteries.C.Accountants’interestincheaperbatteries.D.Theincreasingvehicleregistrations.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“viable”meaninparagraph3?A.Cheaper.B.Dramatic.C.Workable.D..Exceptional.10.Whatdoestheauthorexpectofbatteries?A.Theywillbecomesmaller.B.Theywillhelpmaketheworldgreener.C.Theywillsellbetterthanphones.D.Theywillreplacechargersonaloistrip.11.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.HomeBatteriesWillCatchOn- B.BatteriesAreGettingBetterandBetterC.BatteryTechnologyNeedsImprovingUrgentlyD.Petrol-poweredCarsWillBeUpgraded【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明电池技术的发展让电池价格越来越低并且存储量越来越大，这能让更多人受益。电池技术还有助于整个国家电网的脱碳，使大量储存电能具有可行性，从而促进家用电池的流行。最后作者乐观展望电池的未来。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Firstandmostobviously,ithadmadethebatteriesinelectriccarscheaperandlonger-lasting.Andbrilliantly,becauseelectricbatteriesareimprovingsodramatically,wecanalreadyseetheresults.LastSeptember,15percentofallnewvehicleregistrationswerepureelectricvehicles.(首先也是最明显的是，它使电动汽车中的电池更便宜、更耐用。而且非常出色的是，由于电池正在大幅改善，我们已经可以看到结果。去年9月，所有新车登记中有15%是纯电动汽车)”可知，电动汽车的电池变得更便宜且更耐用，所以现在电动汽车跑得更远，其实用性更强，因此电动汽车注册用户开始增加。故选B。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文“Storingenergyhasalwaysbeenaproblemforthegrid.(储存能量一直是电网难题)”及“Butbetterbatteriesmakeittechnologicallyandeconomicallyviabletostorelargeamountsofenergyfromthegrid.(但更好的电池使得从电网存储大量能量在技术和经济上都是……。)”中的“But”可知，更好的电池可以解决当前只有少量的发电被储存的问题。由此可知，画线词意为“可行的，行得通的”。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Theycanalsohelpusdecarbonisetheentirenationalgrid.(它们还可以帮助我们实现整个国家电网的脱碳)”和最后一段中的“Batteriesmaynotbeasflashy(华丽的)asphones,rocketsorothernewtechnologies,butwhenitcomestotechnologytofightclimatechange,they’redefinitelyleadingthecharge.(电池可能不像手机、火箭或其他新技术那样华丽，但在应对气候变化的技术方面，它们绝对是领先的)”可知，作者认为电池技术能帮助减少碳排放，能有力地帮助解决全球气候问题，即可以让世界更环保。故选B。【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Firstandmostobviously,ithadmadethebatteriesinelectriccarscheaperandlonger-lasting.(首先也是最明显的是，它使电动汽车中的电池更便宜、更持久)”，第三段中的“Theycanalsohelpusdecarbonisetheentirenationalgrid.(它们还可以帮助我们实现整个国家电网的脱碳)”和第四段中的“Thiswouldtakepowerfromthegrid(ormaybeevensolarpanelsontheroof),andpowerappliancesandlightsinourhomesatthetimeswhendemandforelectricityishigh.Homebatteriesarenotyetasestablishedaselectriccars,buttheyarealsogrowinginpopularity.(这将从电网（甚至屋顶上的太阳能电池板）获取电力，并在电力需求高的时候为我们家中的电器和灯供电。家用电池还没有像电动汽车那样成熟，但它们也越来越受欢迎)”可知，作者一直在强调电池变得更好、更受欢迎，从而也让更多人受益;再根据最后一段中的“So,givenhowmuchtechnologyhasimprovedbatteriesoverthelastdecade,Ican’thelpbutbestrangelyoptimisticaboutthefuture.(因此，考虑到过去十年中技术对电池的改进程度，我不禁对未来感到异常乐观)”可知，作者对电池的前景充满乐观与希望。故B项“电池越来越好”适合作本文标题。故选B。DResearchershaverecentlydiscoveredthatgutbacteria(肠道细菌)thatgrowwithinourbodyhelpsthebrainbuildimportantsocialskills.AccordingtoapaperpublishedinPLOSBiologyinNovember,zebrafishwereusedasresearchsubjectstotesthowalackofbacteriacouldaffectsocialskills.Zebrafisharesocialanimalsaseven2-week-oldfishstarttohangoutingroupsoffourtotwelve.Theexperimentstartedwithmakingagroupoffish“bacteria-free”throughtheirdiet.Theothergroupwereinjectedwithahealthymixofgutbacteriaaftertheywerehatched.About15dayslater,thesecondgroupbeganswimmingingroupswhilethe“bacteria-free”group“shockingly,didn’t,”JudithEisen,aco-authorofthenewresearch,saidtoQuantaMagazine.Theteamthenexaminedthefish’sbrains,discoveringobviousdifferencesbetweenthetwogroups.Theoneswholackedthegutbacteriahadmoreinterconnectionsamongtheneurons(神经元)intheirbrainsinchargeofsocialbehavior,andsocialneuronswereseentohaveovergrown.Thismadethefishmorecautiousinsocialsituations.Scientistssaidthatthebacteriamightreleaseaspecialchemicalthatcrossesthebloodbrainbarriertoreachthebraindirectly.Althoughtheexperimentswereonlyonfish,thefindingscantheoreticallybeappliedtohumans.Theteamwishestoexplorehowgutbacteriaaffectsthehumanbraininthefuture,whichmayleadtosolutionstomentalhealthproblems.Perhapsmanypeoplewhoclaimthattheyhave“socialphobia(社交恐惧症)”canblametheirguts.However,socialphobia,orsocialanxietydisorder,canbeaseriousillnessifoverlooked.AccordingtotheNationalHealthServiceintheUKitismorethanshynessbutinsteadaconstantfearofsocialsituations.Patientsmayexperience panicattackswhichareanoverwhelmingfearandanxietythatlastforafewminutes.12.Whatdoestheresearchfocuson?A.Thegrowthofgutbacteria.B.Thewayzebrafishbuildsocialskills.C.Theinfluencingfactorsofsocialbehavior.D.Thelinkbetweengutbacteriaandsocialbehavior.13.Whatwasfoundintheexperiment?A.Thetwogroupsofzebrafishbecamedifferentinsize.B.Thebacteria-freezebrafishswamingroups.C.Thezebrafishinjectedwithgutbacteriawerequieter.D.Thezebrafishwithgutbacteriaswamingroups.14.Howdoscientistsfeelabouttheirfindings?A.Positive.B.Disappointed.C.Doubtful.D.Concerned.15.Whichistrueabout“socialphobia”accordingtothelastparagraph?A.Itwillresultingutproblems.B.Itisasevereillness.C.Itmaycausepanic.D.Itisallaboutshyness.【答案】12.D13.D14.A15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员最近发现，在我们体内生长的肠道细菌有助于大脑建立重要的社交技能。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“AccordingtoapaperpublishedinPLOSBiologyinNovember,zebrafishwereusedasresearchsubjectstotesthowalackofbacteriacouldaffectsocialskills.(根据11月发表在《公共科学图书馆·生物学》（PLOSBiology）上的一篇论文，研究人员以斑马鱼为研究对象，来测试缺乏细菌如何影响社交技能)”可知，这项研究的重点是肠道细菌和社会行为之间的联系。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“About15dayslater,thesecondgroupbeganswimmingingroupswhilethe“bacteria-free”group“shockingly,didn’t,”JudithEisen,aco-authorofthenewresearch,saidtoQuantaMagazine.(大约15天后，第二组开始成群游泳，而“无菌”组“令人震惊的是，没有”，新研究的合著者朱迪思·艾森对《广达杂志》说)”可知，带有肠道细菌的斑马鱼成群游动。故选D。【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Althoughtheexperimentswereonlyonfish,thefindingscantheoreticallybeappliedtohumans.(虽然这些实验只是在鱼身上进行的，但是这些发现在理论上可以应用到人类身上)”可推知，科学家们对这项研究的发现是持积极态度的，故选A。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Patientsmayexperiencepanicattackswhichareanoverwhelmingfearandanxietythatlastforafewminutes.(患者可能会经历惊恐发作，这是一个压倒性恐惧和焦虑，持续几分钟)”可知，“社交恐惧症”可能会引起患者惊恐，故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Bruceisamanagerwhohadateamofaround40people.Mostofthemwerebright,enthusiastic,andhardworkingyoungfellows.Thishelpstopromotetheirindependence.___16___Butasateam,theyarenotsogood,whichiscrucialfortheorganization.___17___Heinvitedeveryonetoahallforagameconsistingof3rounds.Forthefirstround,hetoldeveryonetoblowaballoonkeptonthetableandthenwritetheirnameonitwithoutburstingit,andeachofthemdidit.Thentheytookabreakoutsideforthesecondround.Soonafterhecalledthembackin,withmoreballoonsscatteredaroundwithoutnamesonthem.Hedeclaredthattheyhad15minutestofindtheballoonwiththeirnamewrittenonit.___18___Forthenextround,Brucetoldthemifanyteammemberfoundaballoonwithanameonit,heorshehadtogiveittotheownerofthename.Allstartedsearching,andwithinacoupleofminuteseveryonehadtheirownballoonwiththeirnameonit.Brucewenttothedaisandsaid,“Yousee,inthesecondround,noonewasabletofindtheirballoonsastheywereworkingonindividualtargets.Butinthefinalround.withinacoupleofminutes,everyonehadtheballoonwiththem.___19___”Mostofthetime,peoplehideinformation,avoidcollaboration,anddistancethemselvesfromtheirteammembers.___20___Anditalso,inthelongrun,affectstheindividual.So,everyoneintheteamshouldshareandworkeffectivelyforgreaterambitionfortheteam.A.Consequently,noonegottheirballoons.B.However,hefoundhewasnotsuccessful.C.That’sthepowerofteamworkandsharing.D.Soheconsideredtakinghisgrouponatrip.E.Individually,everyoneontheteamisoutstanding. F.Thissortofmindsetformsobstaclesforteamgrowth.G.Hedecidedtoaddresstheissuebylaunchingateamactivity.【答案】16.E17.G18.A19.C20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了Bruce的团队每个人都很出色，但是作为一个团队不是很好，于是他发起了一个团队活动来解决这个问题。【16题详解】根据上文“Bruceisamanagerwhohadateamofaround40people.Mostofthemwerebright,enthusiastic,andhardworkingyoungfellows.Thishelpstopromotetheirindependence.(布鲁斯是一名经理，他有一个大约40人的团队。他们大多数都是聪明、热情、勤奋的年轻人。这有助于促进他们的独立性)”以及后文“Butasateam,theyarenotsogood,whichiscrucialfortheorganization.(但作为一个团队，他们不是很好，这对组织至关重要)”可知，后文提到作为团队不是很好，but表示转折，说明作为个人很出色，故E选项“就个人而言，团队中的每个人都很出色”符合语境，故选E。【17题详解】根据后文“Heinvitedeveryonetoahallforagameconsistingof3rounds.Forthefirstround,hetoldeveryonetoblowaballoonkeptonthetableandthenwritetheirnameonitwithoutburstingit,andeachofthemdidit.Thentheytookabreakoutsideforthesecondround.Soonafterhecalledthembackin,withmoreballoonsscatteredaroundwithoutnamesonthem.Hedeclaredthattheyhad15minutestofindtheballoonwiththeirnamewrittenonit.(他邀请大家到大厅里玩三回合的游戏。在第一轮比赛中，他让每个人吹一个放在桌上的气球，然后在上面写下自己的名字，但不要把它吹破，每个人都做到了。然后他们在外面休息，进行第二轮比赛。没过多久，他就把他们叫了回来，还带着更多没有名字的气球四处散落。他宣布他们有15分钟的时间找到写着他们名字的气球)”可知，后文主要说明了Bruce通过做游戏来解决团队表现不好的问题。故G选项“他决定发起一个团队活动来解决这个问题”符合语境，故选G。【18题详解】根据上文“Soonafterhecalledthembackin,withmoreballoonsscatteredaroundwithoutnamesonthem.Hedeclaredthattheyhad15minutestofindtheballoonwiththeirnamewrittenonit.(没过多久，他就把他们叫了回来，还带着更多没有名字的气球四处散落。他宣布他们有15分钟的时间找到写着他们名字的气球)”可知，上文提到带来了更多的没有名字的气球，且本句与上文构成因果关系，指出没人找到自己的气球。故A选项“因此，没有人得到他们的气球”符合语境，故选A。【19题详解】根据上文“Brucewenttothedaisandsaid,“Yousee,inthesecondround,noonewasabletofindtheirballoons astheywereworkingonindividualtargets.Butinthefinalround.withinacoupleofminutes,everyonehadtheballoonwiththem.(布鲁斯走到讲台前说：“你看，在第二轮比赛中，没有人能找到他们的气球，因为他们都在各自的目标上工作。但在最后一轮。几分钟后，每个人都带着气球)”可知，本段中Bruce主要在总结游戏的结果，上文提到最后一轮每个人都有气球，这论证了团队合作和分享的力量。故C选项“这就是团队合作和分享的力量”符合语境，故选C。【20题详解】根据上文“Mostofthetime,peoplehideinformation,avoidcollaboration,anddistancethemselvesfromtheirteammembers.(大多数时候，人们会隐藏信息，避免合作，并与团队成员保持距离)”可知，本句承接上文说明人们隐藏信息，避免合作，并与团队成员保持距离这种心态的影响：阻碍了团队的成长。故F选项“这种心态阻碍了团队的成长”符合语境，故选F。第二部分语言运用(共两节满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的ABCD四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。MygrandpaKenis86andhasbeenfaithfullymarriedtomygrandmafor60years.Butnowhismemoryis____21____andhe’sreallystartingtoslowdown.Yesterday,heaskedmetotakehimtothe____22____becausehewantedtogetoutofthehouse.Iwas____23____heaskedbecauseheshouldn’tbedrivingbyhimself.Itwouldalso____24____grandmatohavethe____25____toherselfforawhile,nothavingtoworryaboutgrandpaforafewhours.Iwatchedhim,cane(拐杖)inhand,takingthetiniest____26____allaroundsearchingthroughtheshelves.Ihadnoideawhathewas____27____;but,asIobservedeachitemheputinthecart,Inoticedastriking____28____.Theyweresomeofmygrandma’s____29____things.Hegotthetypeofsodasheliked.He____30____pickedoutabagofseedlessgrapesshehadtalkedaboutseveraldaysago.Heeven____31____herasmalllemonpie!Andthen,____32____filledmyeyesasIwatchedhimhobble(蹒跚)overtothefresh____33____andpickherthebouquetthathadthemostpurple,herfavoritecolor.Onourwayhome,he____34____westopandgrabasandwichtotakehomeforgrandma’slunch.MaywealltakealessonfromgrandpaKen.Neverstop____35____forourlovedones.21.A.changingB.improvingC.slippingD.opening22.A.bakeryB.supermarketC.parkD.restaurant23.A.gratefulB.nervousC.honoredD.annoyed24.A.requireB.inspireC.remindD.benefit25.A.kitchenB.gardenC.houseD.neighborhood 26.A.glancesB.stepsC.toolsD.bags27.A.afterB.beyondC.againstD.through28.A.ideaB.proofC.senseD.feature29.A.everydayB.valuableC.specificD.favorite30.A.quicklyB.carefullyC.curiouslyD.randomly31.A.bakedB.choseC.orderedD.wrapped32.A.tearsB.doubtsC.surprisesD.joys33.A.vegetablesB.breadC.flowersD.seafood34.A.desiredB.commandedC.advocatedD.insisted35.A.caringB.longingC.waitingD.standing【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.C26.B27.A28.D29.D30.B31.B32.A33.C34.D35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者带着记忆力不好的祖父去超市，却发现祖父在超市里选的都是祖母爱吃的东西，祖父的行为教会了作者：永远不要停止关心我们所爱的人。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但现在他的记忆力开始衰退，他真的开始慢下来了。A.changing改变；B.improving改善；C.slipping滑动，（健康状况）变坏；D.opening打开。根据后文“he’sreallystartingtoslowdown”可知，祖父的记忆力变差了，不得不慢下来。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：昨天，他让我带他去超市，因为他想离开家。A.bakery面包房；B.supermarket超市；C.park公园；D.restaurant餐厅。根据后文“Iobservedeachitemheputinthecart”可知，作者带祖父去了超市。故选B。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激他的提问，因为他不应该自己开车。A.grateful感激的；B.nervous紧张的；C.honored光荣的；D.annoyed生气的。根据后文“becauseheshouldn’tbedrivingbyhimself”可知，祖父不能开车，作者感激他问了自己，避免了发生危险。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：祖母一个人在家里呆上一段时间也会有好处，因为她有几个小时不用担心爷爷。A.require要求；B.inspire鼓舞；C.remind提醒；D.benefit有益处。根据后文“nothavingtoworryaboutgrandpaforafewhours”可知，祖父外出对祖母也有好处，因为她不必担心他了。故选D。 【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：祖母一个人在家里呆上一段时间也会有好处，因为她有几个小时不用担心爷爷。A.kitchen厨房；B.garden花园；C.house房子；D.neighborhood邻居。根据上文“hewantedtogetoutofthehouse”可知，祖父和作者外出了，祖母可以一个人在家待会儿。故选C。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看着他，手里拿着拐杖，蹑手蹑脚地在货架上搜寻。A.glances瞥见；B.steps步子；C.tools工具；D.bags包。根据上文“Iwatchedhim,caneinhand,takingthetiniest”可知，祖父拿着拐杖，说明祖父腿脚不方便，蹑手蹑脚地。故选B。【27题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：我不知道他在找什么；但是，当我观察他放进购物车的每一件东西时，我注意到一个引人注目的特点。A.after寻找，在后面；B.beyond超过；C.against反对；D.through通过。呼应上文“searchingthroughtheshelves”指祖父在寻找东西，故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不知道他在找什么；但是，当我观察他放进购物车的每一件东西时，我注意到一个引人注目的特点。A.idea想法；B.proof证据；C.sense感觉；D.feature特点。后文提到祖父拿的东西都是祖母爱吃的，所以是注意到了这些东西的一个共同特点。故选D。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们是我祖母最喜欢的东西。A.everyday每天的；B.valuable有价值的；C.specific特定的；D.favorite最喜欢的。根据后文“Hegotthetypeofsodasheliked.(他买了她喜欢的汽水)”可知，祖父拿的都是祖母最喜欢的东西。故选D。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他仔细地挑出她几天前说过的一袋无籽葡萄。A.quickly快速地；B.carefully仔细地；C.curiously好奇地；D.randomly随机地。祖父在给祖母买她喜欢吃的东西，所以是仔细挑选。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他甚至给她选了一个小柠檬派！A.baked烘焙；B.chose选择；C.ordered命令；D.wrapped包裹。根据后文“herasmalllemonpie”可知，祖父为祖母选了一个柠檬派。故选B。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，我热泪盈眶，看着他一瘸一拐地走到鲜花前，为她摘了一束最紫的花，那是她最喜欢的颜色。A.tears眼泪；B.doubts怀疑；C.surprises惊喜；D.joys快乐。根据后文“filledmyeyes”指作者为祖父的行为感动，热泪盈眶。故选A。 【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，我热泪盈眶，看着他一瘸一拐地走到鲜花前，为她摘了一束最紫的花，那是她最喜欢的颜色。A.vegetables蔬菜；B.bread面包；C.flowers花卉；D.seafood海鲜。根据后文“pickherthebouquetthathadthemostpurple”可知，祖父为祖母挑选了鲜花。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在回家的路上，他坚持要我们停下来买个三明治带回家给奶奶做午餐。A.desired渴望；B.commanded命令；C.advocated提倡；D.insisted坚持。根据后文“westopandgrabasandwichtotakehomeforgrandma’slunch”可知，在回家的路上，祖父坚持停下来买个三明治带回家给奶奶做午餐。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：永远不要停止关心我们所爱的人。A.caring关心；B.longing渴望；C.waiting写；D.standing站立。根据后文“forourlovedones”再结合上文祖父的行为可知，永远不要停止关心我们所爱的人。故选A。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式The53-year-oldcraftswomanJiYulan,aninheritoroftheintangibleheritageofpaper-cuttingfromtheXinjiangUygurautonomousregion,___36___(engage)herselfintheartforover40years.Shemadepaper-cutsofpeoplefromother___37___(walk)oflife.“Thepaper-cuttingartcomesfromthefolkanditshouldreturntothepeople,”Jisaid.Shecreated___38___paper-cuttingworknamedTheAngelinHarm’sWaytoshowtheimageofanursewhohasherlonghairbackaftercuttingittobetterfitintotheprotectivesuitwhilefightinginthefrontlineagainsttheepidemic.Jiwas___39___(deep)impressedbythefemalemedicalworkers___40___(wear)masksandprotectivehats.“Womenare___41___(charm)inlonghairandittakesalotofcouragetocutit,”shesaid.Jihas12students,___42___(age)from3to23.“Theydiscoveredtheirinterestinpaper-cuttingandcametome___43___(learn)it,”shesaid,addingthatsheoftenencouragesherstudentstocreateworksbased___44___reality.“Youngergenerationshavearealsenseofculturalheritage,andthat’s___45___Iamincrediblyoptimisticaboutthefutureofthecraft.”【答案】36.hasengaged##hasbeenengaging37.walks38.a39.deeply40.wearing41.charming 42.aged43.tolearn44.on45.why【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了现年五十三岁的姬玉兰继承了新疆维吾尔自治区的非物质文化遗产，从事剪纸艺术已逾四十年。【36题详解】考查时态。句意：现年五十三岁的姬玉兰继承了新疆维吾尔自治区的非物质文化遗产，从事剪纸艺术已逾四十年。此处在句中作谓语，由forover40years和句意可知，句子既可以用现在完成时，表示从过去到现在一直从事剪纸艺术，也可以用现在完成进行时，表示从事剪纸艺术从过去开始，一直持续到现在，有可能继续持续下去，强调动作的持续性，主语是JiYulan，助动词应用has，故填hasengaged/hasbeenengaging。【37题详解】考查名词的数。句意：她给不同阶层的人剪纸。walkoflife意为“阶层”，由other可知，walk应用复数，故填walks。【38题详解】考查冠词。句意：她创作了一幅剪纸作品，名为《伤害之路上的天使》，展示了一个护士的形象，这个护士剪完长发后，把头发向后梳，以便更好地穿上防护服，同时在抗击疫情的第一线作战。此处表示“一幅剪纸作品”，应用不定冠词来修饰，表示泛指，且paper-cutting发音以辅音音素开头，应用a，故填a。【39题详解】考查副词。句意：姬对戴着口罩和防护帽的女医护人员印象深刻。此处应用副词deeply修饰谓语wasimpressed，故填deeply。【40题详解】考查现在分词。句意：姬对戴着口罩和防护帽的女医护人员印象深刻。此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰workers，且动词wear和workers是主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，故填wearing。【41题详解】考查形容词。句意：“留长发的女人很迷人，剪短头发需要很大的勇气，”她说。此处应用形容词charming作表语，表示“迷人的”，故填charming。【42题详解】考查形容词。句意：姬有12名学生，年龄从3岁到23岁不等。此处应用形容词aged，连同后面from3to23，一起作后置定语，修饰12students，表示“岁数为……的”，故填aged。【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她说：“他们发现自己对剪纸感兴趣，就来找我学习。”她还说，她经常鼓励学生根据现实创作作品。此处应用不定式表示目的，作状语，故填tolearn。【44题详解】考查介词。句意：“他们发现自己对剪纸感兴趣，就来找我学习。”她还说，她经常鼓励学生根据现实创作作品。(be)basedon固定搭配，意为“根据…….；以……为基础”，故填on。【45题详解】考查表语从句。句意：年轻一代有真正的文化遗产感，这就是为什么我对手工艺的未来非常乐观。空处引导表语从句，从句缺少原因状语，应用why来引导，故填why。第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.你校英文广播站需要招聘一名广播主持人。请你写一则招聘启事，刊登在校英文报上，内容包括：1.应聘条件2.岗位职责注意：1.写作词数应为80左右2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。AnnouncerWanted________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:AnnouncerWantedOurschoolEnglishbroadcaststationislookingforanannouncerwhoiscapableofspeakingfluentandauthenticEnglish.AgoodknowledgeofEnglishcultureaswellasenthusiasmforthejobisalsoessential.ThenewannouncerisexpectedtoreadEnglishnewsandstorieswrittenbystudents,playingEnglishsongsincluded.AnyonewhoisinterestedpleasegotoRoom102at9:00amthisSaturdayforaninterview.PreviousexperienceandcertificatesofspokenEnglishcontestsarepreferred.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生为你校英文广播站写一则招聘启事，刊登在校英文报上，内 容包括：应聘条件；岗位职责。【详解】1.词汇积累能够：becapableof→beableto精通：agoodknowledgeof→agoodcommandof重要的：essential→important先前的：previous→former2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：ThenewannouncerisexpectedtoreadEnglishnewsandstorieswrittenbystudents,playingEnglishsongsincluded.拓展句：ThenewannouncerisexpectedtoreadEnglishnewsandstorieswhicharewrittenbystudentsplayingEnglishsongsincluded.【点睛】[高分句型1]OurschoolEnglishbroadcaststationislookingforanannouncerwhoiscapableofspeakingfluentandauthenticEnglish.(运用了who引导的限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]AnyonewhoisinterestedpleasegotoRoom102at9:00amthisSaturdayforaninterview.(运用了who引导的限制性定语从句)第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Mrowwwwl!ThecatmeowedangrilyassheclawedatJennifer’sarm,drawingathinlineofblood.Justasquicklyasshestruckoutwithherclaw,theagile(灵活的)orangeand-whitecatleapedbacktoherhidingspaceunderJennifer’sbed.FromtheAvecunderneaththebed,twogreeneyesproducedbrightlight,staringbackoutatJennifer.Jenniferwasstartingtofeeldiscouragedinamajorway.Shewasneveroneforgivingup;butithadbeensevetaldayslikethissincesheadoptedthecat—Darla—fromtheanimalshelter,strugglingtowinovertheyoungcat’saffectionthroughtreatsandsoftandgentlewhispers.Itwasduringhersummerbreak,soshehadplentyoftimetokeeptryingtowinovertheanimal.Butitwasn’ttimethatwastheissue—itwasJennifer’semotionsthatwerequicklyfading.IthadbeentwoyearssinceJennifer’sbelovedbrowntabby(斑猫)-Marlin-passedaway.Shenevercouldquitegetovertheshockandemptinesswhichremainedinherheartherechildlikejoyoncethrived.MarlinhadbeenJennifer’sfaithfulfriendandlovingcompanionroughallthepainsandtrialsofgrowingup.AfterMarlindied,things wereneverquitethesameagainforJennifer.ItwasthefirstrealdeathtopierceJennifer’sheartandsignaledtheendofhercarefreechildhood.ShedesperatelywantedDarlatoloveherthewayMarlinhadandforeetoloveDarlajustthesame;butwhatwasJennifersupposedtodonow?Thecutonherarmwasallshehadtohowforhereffort.Jennifersatonthefloor,buryingherfaceinherhands,andherbodytrembledasshesoftlybegantocry.注意:1续写词数应为150左右2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答Afterafewminutes,Jennifernoticedastrangefeeling-fur.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Jenniferthenreachedoutherhandtowardthecat.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:Afterafewminutes,Jennifernoticedastrangefeeling—fur.ItwasDarlabrushingupagainstherface.AwaveofwarmthsurgedoverJennifer’sheart.Sheraisedherheadandfoundthelittlecatstaringintohereyes,meowinggently,asifshesensedJennifer’spainandcametoapologize.Jennifer’stearsdriedoutandherheartwashealedbythelittlecreature’scompany.Then,athoughtsuddenlycametoherthatDarlawasnottheoneinneedofcomfort,butshewas.Jenniferthenreachedoutherhandtowardthecat.Darla,suddenlyawareofthehand’spresence,movedbacktoeyethehandcautiously,forquiteawhile.Thenshemadeanattempttoapproachveryslowly,andfinallypushedherheadagainstthepalmofJennifer’shand.Jenniferrespondedbystrokinghersoftly,andthecataccepted.WithagoodstretchDarlarestedhappilynexttoher,Jenniferwasclearthatitwastruefeelingsthatbroughtthemmutualtrust.【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了在Jennifer心爱的棕色虎斑Marlin去世两年后，她从动物收容所领养了这只名叫Darla的猫，她拼命地想让这只猫像Marlin一样爱她，也想让自己像爱Marlin一样爱这只猫，她一直在努力通过款待和温柔的耳语来赢得这只小猫的喜爱。但是七天过去了，这只猫还是攻击她，她的胳膊被划出一条细细的血线，所以她非常沮丧，坐在地板上哭了起来。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“几分钟后，Jennifer注意到一种奇怪的感觉——软毛。”可知，第一段可描写Darla看到Jennifer在哭，于是过来在Jennifer脸上蹭来蹭去，这让Jennifer很感动，自己的心都被治愈了。②由第二段首句内容“然后Jennifer向那只猫伸出了手。”可知，第二段可描写Darla看到Jennifer的手后，试着慢慢地靠近，把头靠在Jennifer的手掌上。他们彼此互相接受对方。2.续写线索：感到有毛绒绒的东西——Darla蹭脸——抬头看到Darla——感动——伸手——Darla靠近——彼此接受3.词汇激活行为类①道歉：apologize./makeanapology②注视：eye/stareat③接近：approach/getcloseto情绪类①痛苦：pain/ache②快乐地：happily/merrily【点睛】[高分句型1]Sheraisedherheadandfoundthelittlecatstaringintohereyes,meowinggently,asifshesensedJennifer’spainandcametoapologize.（由asif引导的状语从句）[高分句型2]Then,athoughtsuddenlycametoherthatDarlawasnottheoneinneedofcomfort,butshewas.（由that引导同位语从句）[高分句型3]WithagoodstretchDarlarestedhappilynexttoher.Jenniferwasclearthatitwastruefeelingsthatbroughtthemmutualtrust.（由that引导宾语从句和强调句型）