山东省德州市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（Word版附解析）

高二英语试题本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。注意事项：1.答第I卷前考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。3.全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在试卷上无效。第I卷(满分95分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whattimeisitnow?A.7:30.B.8:50.C.9:00.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Whattimeisit?W:Tentonine.M:Yourwatchis10minutesslow.I’mgonnabelateagain.Whatwillmyexcusebethistime?Weshouldhavesetthealarmfor7:30am.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howmanycakeswillthewomanpayfor?A.2.B.4.C.6.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Howmuchdothesecakescost?M:$2each.Butwearehavingaspecialsaletoday:buytwoandgetonefree. W:I’lltakesix.M:Thenyou’llgettwofreeofcharge.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthewomandoing?A.Offeringadvice.B.Askingforhelp.C.Expressingthanks.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Whatareyougoingtohave?M:Idon’tknow.I’venevereatenherebefore.Whatdoyousuggest?W:Well,Ialwayslikethesalad.It’susuallyveryfresh.Butifyoudon’tlikevegetables,thenwhataboutgoingforsmokedfish?Itisverygood,too.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthewomantake?A.Hamburgers.B.Hotdogs.C.Fruitsalad.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Myfamilyarehavingabarbecuetomorrow.Wouldyouliketocome?Allyouhavetobringisasidedish.We’regoingtohavehamburgersandhotdogs.W:Thatsoundsgreat!Ilovebarbecues.I’llbringsomefruitsalad.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whereistheman?A.Atanairport.B.Atatrainstation.C.Atatravelagency.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Goodmorning,sir.CanIhelpyou?M:Yes,Ineedtocheckinforthe11:20flighttoNewYork,please.W:OK.Ticket,please.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.HowdidXiaosavemoney?A.Bybuyingnoclothes.B.Bysharingfoodwithfriends.C.Bybuyingsecond-handhouses.7.WhendidXiaobuyherfirsthouse?A.Attheageof18.B.Attheageof27.C.Attheageof33.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】W:Haveyouheardofa33-year-oldJapanesewomancalledXiao?Sheboughtthreehousesbysavingmoney.M:Threehouses?Ican’tbelievemyears.Canyoutellmeherwaysofsavingmoney?W:Ofcourse.Sheneverboughtclothesorateoutwithfriends.Shekeptlonghairandthensoldit.M:Howoldwasshewhensheboughtthefirsthouse?W:Shemadearesolutiontobuythreehousesattheageof18.Attheageof27,sheboughtthefirstone.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Howlonghasthewomanworkedonthefarm?A.Aboutfouryears.B.Aboutfiveyears.C.Abouteightyears.9.Whoassiststhewomanwiththefarmwork?A.Herfriends.B.Herrelatives.C.Thelocalfarmers.10.Whatdoesthemanoffertodo?A.Findmorehelpers.B.Pickappleshimself.C.Lendthewomanhisrobots.【答案】8.C9.B10.C【解析】【原文】M:Wow!Somanyappletreeshere.Itlooksasifthecomingautumnharvestwillbeevenbetterthanthelastone.W:Yeah.Appletreestakefourtofiveyearstoproducetheirfirstfruit. M:Howmanyyearshaveyouspentonthefarm,Rose?W:Abouteightyears.AftermakingsomemoneybyworkinginITforafewyears,Imovedtothecountryin2012andstartedgrowingapplesalloverthefarmoneyearlater.Luckily,AuntKittysfamilylivenearby.Theyareagreathelptome.ButI’mafraidweneedatleasteighthelperstopicksomanyapplesthisyear.Youknow,trytoharvestthefruitbeforethefirstfrost.M:Oh,bytheway,I’musingtworobotstodothefarmwork.Icanlendthemtoyouanytimeyouwant.W:Thatwouldbenice.Thanks.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Startweighttraining.B.Joinabasketballteam.C.Playbasketballwithhisfriends.12.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Instructorandplayer.13.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemandoing?A.Cuttingbackonfood.B.Havingaphysicalcheck.C.Findingafitnessinstructor.【答案】11.B12.A13.B【解析】【原文】M:I’mthinkingaboutjoiningthecompanybasketballteam.Iwasastarplayerinhighschool.W:Yeah,butthatwastwenty-fiveyearsago,beforeweweremarried.Look!Ijustdon’twanttohaveaheartattack.M:So,whatareyousuggesting?ShouldIjustgiveuptheidea?W:Well,yououghttoatleasthaveaphysicalcheckbeforeyoubegin.M:Well,OK,but...W:Andyouneedtowatchyourdietandcutbackonthefattyfoods.Andyoushouldtryeatingmorefreshfruitandvegetables.M:Yeah,you’reprobablyright. W:Andyoushouldstartalittleweighttrainingtostrengthenyourmuscles...M:Hey,you’restartingtosoundlikemypersonalfitnessinstructor!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatdoesthemanthinkofjazz?A.Unpopular.B.Noisy.C.Difficult.15.Whatinstrumentdoesthemanlikebest?A.Thepiano.B.Thedrums.C.Thebass.16.Whatwillthemanengageinthisweekend?A.Amusicshow.B.Ajazzclass.C.Bandpractice.【答案】14.C15.B16.A【解析】【原文】W:WelcometotheFridayNightMusicHour.I’mMelinda.JoiningustonightisMichaelfromalocaljazzband.Hi,Michael!Canyougiveouraudienceabriefintroductionofjazzmusic?M:Okay.JazzwasoriginallyfromAmerica.Itwasmadepopularbyblackmusiciansduringtheearly20thcentury.Jazzisusuallymoredifficulttoplaythanotherformsofpopularmusic.Thereisusuallyapiano,drums,andabassinvolvedinjazz.W:Whatinstrumentsdoyouplayinyourband?M:Well,I’vebeenplayingmusicforabout10yearsandIcanplaymanydifferentinstruments,butdrumsaremyfavorite.Iliketohitthedrumsandmakealotofloudbutcontrollednoise.W:Interesting.Doyouhaveanyshowscomingup?M:Yes,mybandwillholdaliveshowthisweekendattheVABarinBeijing.Theshowwillstartat9:00pmandwewillplayfornolessthantwohours.Allthelistenersareinvitedforanightofjazzmusic!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whyhasthelakebecomefamousinrecentyears?A.It’sintroducedinbooks.B.Asportsgameisheldthere.C.Asingersingsasongaboutit.18.Wheredidthejourneystart?A.Ontheeasternshore. B.Onthefrozensurface.C.Fromabovethelake.19.Whatattractsrunnerstothelake?A.Thewidespace.B.Thebeautifullandscape.C.Thecoldweather.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.ExtremeweatherinSiberia.B.ThebesttimetovisitLakeBaikal.C.Theloneliestmarathonintheworld.【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.C【解析】【原文】ManypeopleknowaboutLakeBaikalfromtextbooksorbylisteningtoChinesesingerLiJian’shitsong,LakeBaikal.Butinrecentyears,theworld’sdeepestfreshwaterlakehasbeenpaidmuchattentiontobecauseofanextremesport.EachMarchsince2005,about150peoplefromaroundtheworldsignupfortheBaikalIceMarathon.Theycometoexplorethelake’sextraordinarybeautyandchallengethemselvesinunpredictableconditions.The41.84-kilometerjourneystartsonthelake’seasternshore.InMarch,theiceisameterthickandveryhard.Runnerscrossthisfrozensurface,finishingonthewesternsideofthelake.Knownasthe“blueeyeofSiberia”,thelakehasclearwater.Seenfromabove,arunnerontheicelooksasifheorshewasjoggingthroughspace.Thelandscapemightbebeautifulbutitisaseveretest.However,runnerssaythecoldclimateiswhatdrawsthem.Theywanttochallengethemselves.Whenrunnersstarttheirmarathon,theydon’thavecarsaroundthemandtheydon’thavenoisearound.IheyarealoneonBaikal.Alltheyneedtodoisdefeatthemselves.第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。ATheFourMostExoticBlackSandBeachesintheWorldPapenooBeach:Tahiti,FrenchPolynesiaPopularwithsurfers,thisremoteblackbeachonTahiti’snortherncoastboastssomeofthemostimpressive wavesintheworld.Hereyouwilldiscovermorebreathtakingnaturalbeautyoftheisland,withitsgreenmountainsandpicturesquescenery.Not-to-be-missedsightsincludethespectacularwaterfalls:Topatari,PurahaandVaiharurufalls.LovinaBeach:IndonesiaAhighlightofthisbeachdestinationisvisitingKalibukbuk,oneofthecoastalvillagesalongLovinaBeach,andtheKalibukbukBuddhisttempleonthebeach.Thereisalsoanabundanceofincrediblemarineandunderwaterlife,sodivingisapopularrelaxation,butthemaindrawforbeachgoersisspottingtheplayfulbottlenoseddolphins.StokksnesBeach:IcelandOneofIceland’smostdramaticlandscapesisthemountainVestrahornontheStokksnespeninsulainsoutheastIceland.ThemagicalsettingherewasfeaturedintheBollywoodmovieDilwale.It’sapopulardestinationforphotographersbutsurprisinglynotabigtouristspot;thisprivatelyownedlandchargesasmallfeetovisit.YoucanvisittheStokksnesbeachonagroupRingRoadtouroraself-drivingcircuitofthecountry.PerissaBeach:Santorini,GreeceSituatedinsoutheasternSantorini,thisuniqueblackbeachboastscrystalclearwatersandtherockyMesaVounomountain.Formoreactivepursuitsbeyondsunbathingandswimming,visitorscanrentwatersportsequipmentforotherfunactivitieslikediving.YoucanalsohiketothetopofMesaVounotovisittheancientruinsofthecityofThera.21.WhichofthefollowinglandscapesisamustfortouristsinPapenooBeach?A.Waves.B.Valleys.C.Mountains.D.Waterfalls.22.Whichplacebestsuitspeoplewhoenjoytakingpictures?A.PapenooBeach.B.LovinaBeach.C.StokksnesBeach.D.PerissaBeach.23.WhatdoLovinaBeachandPerissaBeachhaveincommon?A.Theyaregoodplacestohike.B.Visitorscangodivingforrelaxation.C.Botharerichinunderwaterlife.D.Touristscanvisitancientcoastalvillages.【答案】21.D22.C23.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了世界上最具异国情调的四个黑沙滩。【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据PapenooBeach:Tahiti,FrenchPolynesia中“Not-to-be-missedsightsincludethespectacularwaterfalls:Topatari,PurahaandVaiharurufalls.”（不容错过的景点包括壮观的瀑布：托帕塔里瀑布、普拉哈瀑布和瓦伊哈鲁瀑布）可知，瀑布景观是游客在帕皮努海滩必看的。故选D项。22题详解】细节理解题。根据StokksnesBeach:Iceland中“It’sapopulardestinationforphotographersbutsurprisinglynotabigtouristspot”（它是摄影师的热门目的地，但令人惊讶的是，它不是一个大的旅游景点）可知，StokksnesBeach最适合喜欢拍照的人。故选C项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据LovinaBeach:Indonesia中“Thereisalsoanabundanceofincrediblemarineandunderwaterlife,sodivingisapopularrelaxation”（这里也有许多令人难以置信的海洋和水下生物，所以潜水是一种流行的放松方式）以及PerissaBeach:Santorini,Greece中“Formoreactivepursuitsbeyondsunbathingandswimming,visitorscanrentwatersportsequipmentforotherfunactivitieslikediving.”（除了日光浴和游泳之外，游客还可以租用水上运动设备进行其他有趣的活动，如潜水）可知，LovinaBeach和PerissaBeach的共同之处是游客可以去潜水放松。故选B项。BThreecutebrownbearcubswhogotlostaftergettingseparatedfromtheirmothergrippedtheheartsofnetizens.ThefuzzycubswerespottedbyGelekGyatso,anecologicalprotectionofficer,whenhewaspatrollingariverbedatanaltitudeofnearly4,500metersinQumarlebcountyinQinghaiprovince’sYushu.Thelittlecubseagerlyrantowardtherangeronthesnow-coveredriverbed,thenstoppedshortatasafedistancetostareathimcuriously.Afterrealizingthatthemanwasnottheirmother,thebearcubsturnedaroundandranalongtherivercallingformom.ThiswasGelekGyatso’sfirstencounterwithbearcubsseparatedfromtheirmother.Withhisknowledgeofwildanimals,hedrovethecubstowardsanareaneartheircaveinthehopeofasafereunion.Thankfully,laterthatday,otherpatrolofficersfoundthatthemotherbearhadreunitedwithhercubsandthatthefamilywashappyandhealthy.ThisyearmarksGelekGyatso’stenthyearasanecologicalprotectionofficer.Hepatrolstheareaeveryday,diligentlyrecordstheanimalshesees,carefullychecksonthevegetation,andhelpscleanuplitter.Overthedecade,GelekGyatsohaswitnessedgreatchangesintheecologicalenvironmentofhishometown.Therehasbeenanincreaseinthenumberofwildanimals,andeveryoneisparticipatingintheprotectionofthesespecies,makingcoexistencebetweenhumansandanimalsmoreharmonious.Healsoremindspeoplethatiftheyencounterwildanimalsinthewild,theyshouldkeeptheirdistance,not disturbingorfeedingthem,andthatiftheyfindananimalthatneedstoberescued,theyshouldcallthefireorforestdepartmentintime.24.Whathappenedtothethreebearcubs?A.Losingtrackofthemotherbear.B.FollowingGelekwithcuriosity.C.Mistakingamanfortheirmother.D.Beingtrappedinthecoldriverbed.25WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesGelek?A.Ambitious.B.Romantic.C.Devoted.D.Innovative.26.AccordingtoGelek,whatshouldpeopledotoliveinharmonywithwildlife?A.Changingtheirlivingsurroundings.B.Feedingandshelteringwildanimals.C.Gettinginvolvedinsavingendangeredspecies.D.Seekingprofessionalhelptorescuethoseinneed.27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AprojectofwildlifeconservationB.AjourneyoffriendshipconnectionC.AknowledgeableecologicalofficerD.Anencounterleadingtoasafereunion【答案】24.A25.C26.D27.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是青海省玉树县库马勒勒县的生态保护官员GelekGyatso发现三只与妈妈走散后走失的棕熊幼崽，并帮助这三只棕熊幼崽与自己的妈妈团聚的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Threecutebrownbearcubswhogotlostaftergettingseparatedfromtheirmothergrippedtheheartsofnetizens.(与妈妈走散后走失的三只可爱的棕熊幼崽抓住了网友们的心。)”可知，这三只可爱的棕熊幼崽和熊妈妈走失了。故选A。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段“ThisyearmarksGelekGyatso’stenthyearasanecologicalprotectionofficer.Hepatrolstheareaeveryday,diligentlyrecordstheanimalshesees,carefullychecksonthevegetation,andhelpsclean uplitter.(今年是GelekGyatso担任生态保护官的第十个年头。他每天都在该地区巡逻，勤奋地记录他看到的动物，仔细检查植被，并帮助清理垃圾。)”以及GelekGyatso帮助三只小熊和妈妈团聚的故事可知，GelekGyatso是个对工作认真负责的人。故选C。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Healsoremindspeoplethatiftheyencounterwildanimalsinthewild,theyshouldkeeptheirdistance,notdisturbingorfeedingthem,andthatiftheyfindananimalthatneedstoberescued,theyshouldcallthefireorforestdepartmentintime.(他还提醒人们，如果在野外遇到野生动物，要保持距离，不要打扰或喂食，如果发现需要救援的动物，要及时给消防或森林部门打电话。)”可知，GelekGyatso建议人们如果发现需要救援的动物，要及时给消防或森林部门打电话。也就是遇到需要救援的动物，应该向专业人士求助。故选D。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“ThiswasGelekGyatso’sfirstencounterwithbearcubsseparatedfromtheirmother.Withhisknowledgeofwildanimals,hedrovethecubstowardsanareaneartheircaveinthehopeofasafereunion.Thankfully,laterthatday,otherpatrolofficersfoundthatthemotherbearhadreunitedwithhercubsandthatthefamilywashappyandhealthy.(这是GelekGyatso第一次遇到与母亲分离的小熊。凭借对野生动物的了解，他把这些幼崽赶到洞穴附近的一个地方，希望它们能安全团聚。值得庆幸的是，当天晚些时候，其他巡逻人员发现熊妈妈和她的孩子们团聚了，全家人都很快乐、健康。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述的GelekGyatso与三只棕熊幼崽的相遇带来了熊妈妈和她的孩子们团聚。故选D。CIfyoustrugglewithinsomnia(失眠)—and,consequently,thebed-covers—youprobablyhavebeentemptedtotryanythingthatpromisesbettersleep.Onethingmightsoundalittlestrangebuthasbeenknowntowork:addingaweightedblankettothosebed-covers.“Ithasbecomethesleeptooltohave,”saysAlannaMcGinn,founderandleadsleepexpertatGoodNightSleepSite.“I’mahugesupporterbecauseitcanworksowell.”About32%ofAmericansdon’tgetenoughsleep,accordingtotheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention.Expertsthererecommendatleastsevenhoursofshut-eyepernightforadults.Butasmanyas35%ofadultshavetroublesleepingfromtimetotime,and10%regularlyhavetroublefallingandstayingasleep.Theweight—usuallybetween5and30pounds,whichsoundslikealotbutisspreadoutovertheentirebed—comesfromplastic,glassormetalballssurroundedbyfilling.Theheavinessimitatesatouchtherapycalleddeeppressurestimulation.Justasswaddlingbabiescansendthemtosleep,usingaweightedblankethelpsyourheartandbreathingslowandyourbodyreleasefeelgoodhormones,includingserotonin.A2020reviewlookedateightstudiesandconcludedthatweightedblanketshelpedreduceanxietybutnot necessarilyinsomnia.Otherresearchtellsaslightlydifferentstory.AstudyinSwedenin2020lookedat120peoplewithinsomniaandalsodepression,bipolardisorder,anxietyorattention-deficit/hyperactivitydisorder(ADHD).Thosewhousedaweightedblanketreportedthattheyhadbettersleepandwerelesstired,anxiousanddepressedduringtheday.Peoplewithcirculatoryconditionssuchasdiabetes,orbreathingissuessuchasasthmaorsleepapnea(窒息),shouldcheckwiththeirdoctorbeforeusingaweightedblanket.“Andifyou’resomeonewhogetsalittleclaustrophobic,it’sprobablynotthebestthingforyou,”addsMcGinn.28.Whatwillpeoplewithinsomniaprobablydo?A.Tendtobecheated.B.Struggletodropasleep.C.Workforthesleeptool.D.Becautiousabouttheblanket.29.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theseverityofsleeptrouble.B.Americanssufferinginsomnia.C.Sleepdifficultycausedbyaging.D.Experts’adviceonsleepinghours.30.Whydoestheauthormention“swaddlingbabies”inparagraph3?A.Todefineaconcept.B.Topresentaresult.C.Toexplaintheprinciple.D.Todrawaconclusion.31.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheapplicationoftheweightedblanket?A.Itcanextendpeople’slifespan.B.Itcanhelppeoplefeelmorerelaxed.C.Itisfriendlytopeoplewithbreathingissues.DItisarequesttogetthedoctorspermission.【答案】28.B29.A30.C31.B【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。研究表明，对于有失眠问题的人来说，在床罩上加一条加重的毯子，它的重量可以模仿深度压力刺激的触摸疗法，可以减慢心脏和呼吸，释放有益激素，因此减轻焦虑、改善睡眠质量，并减少疲劳、焦虑和抑郁，然而，对于患有循环系统疾病或呼吸问题的人来说，使用加重毯子前应咨询医生。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Ifyoustrugglewithinsomnia(失眠)—and,consequently,thebed-covers—youprobablyhavebeentemptedtotryanythingthatpromisesbettersleep.( 如果你正在与失眠作斗争，那么你可能已经尝试过任何能保证更好睡眠的方法了。)”可知，失眠的人可能会尝试任何能保证更好睡眠的方法，努力使自己入睡。故选B项。【29题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“About32%ofAmericansdon’tgetenoughsleep,accordingtotheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention.Expertsthererecommendatleastsevenhoursofshut-eyepernightforadults.Butasmanyas35%ofadultshavetroublesleepingfromtimetotime,and10%regularlyhavetroublefallingandstayingasleep.(根据美国疾病控制与预防中心数据，大约32%的美国人睡眠不足。那里的专家建议成年人每晚至少睡7个小时。但多达35%的成年人不时有睡眠问题，10%的人经常难以入睡和保持睡眠状态。)”可知，通过美国疾病控制与预防中心提供的三个数据，第二段介绍了美国人睡眠问题的严重程度。故选A项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Theweight—usuallybetween5and30pounds,whichsoundslikealotbutisspreadoutovertheentirebed—comesfromplastic,glassormetalballssurroundedbyfilling.Theheavinessimitatesatouchtherapycalleddeeppressurestimulation.Justasswaddlingbabiescansendthemtosleep,usingaweightedblankethelpsyourheartandbreathingslowandyourbodyreleasefeelgoodhormones,includingserotonin.(它的重量通常在5到30磅之间，听起来很重，但却铺在整个床上。它是由塑料、玻璃或金属球制成的，周围有填充物。这种沉重感模仿了一种叫做深度压力刺激的触摸疗法。就像襁褓中的婴儿可以让他们入睡一样，使用加重的毯子可以帮助你的心脏和呼吸减慢，让你的身体释放出让人感觉良好的激素，包括血清素。)”可知，襁褓对婴儿肌肤进行深度压力刺激，保证婴儿的高质量的睡眠，加重的毯子可以模仿深度压力刺激的触摸疗法，可以帮助改善失眠问题，减慢心脏和呼吸，释放有益激素，作者提到襁褓里的婴儿来解释毯子这个原理。故选C项。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“A2020reviewlookedateightstudiesandconcludedthatweightedblanketshelpedreduceanxietybutnotnecessarilyinsomnia.(2020年的一项综述研究了8项研究，得出的结论是，加重的毯子有助于减轻焦虑，但不一定能减轻失眠。)”可知，加重毛毯的应用能使人减轻焦虑，更加放松。故选B项。DAsGeoffreyHinton,widelyseenasthegodfatherofartificialintelligence,warnsaboutgrowingdangersfromhowitisdeveloping,businessesarescramblingtoseehowtheycanusethetechnologytotheiradvantage.Recently,thehottopicishowtoemployChatGPTstyletechnologyacrosstheirbusinessesasquicklyaspossible.Abosslookedathiscomputer,enteredthetranscriptofacustomercomplaintcall,andaskedChatGPTtorespondto itbasedonsetofrules.Inaboutaminuteitcameupwithaverycredibleanswer,whichwas85%accuratebutonlycost1%ofthecostofemployingstaff.Thegoodnewsforallisthepureenhancementtoproductivity.Technologyhasimprovedthequalityoflife.Alotofinnovationhasmadeourentertainmenttimemoreenjoyable.Buttherealshockhasbeenthatthesetechnologiesareusableinacommercialcontext,notjustfor“low-cognitive,repetitive”tasks,i.e.robotic-taskslikelytobeautomated.Thesurprisehasbeenhowemployablethetechnologyistohighlycreative,high-valuework.Specifically,creatinganimage,ormusic,orcodingaprogrammecanbeachievedinsecondsratherthanweeksofbriefingandrefining.Sothegoodnewsisthatrapidemploymentofthistechnologycouldsolvethelongstandingproductivitycrisis.Thebadnewsisthatitcouldoccursorapidlyastoovertakeworkers’abilitytoadaptintime,creatingsocialcrisis.Couldwefaceincallcentersandcreativestudiosinthe2020s,theequivalentofwhathappenedinthecoalminesinthe1980s?SomeindividualshavestartedtosuggestthatstatesshouldprovideabasicincomeduetothepossibilityofAIleadingtojobloss.Theresponseoftechenthusiastsisthat“Youwon’tbereplacedbyanAI,butyoumightbereplacedbysomeonewhoknowshowtouseAI”.Buttheyusedtosaythat’swhyeverybodyshouldlearnhowtocode.Thatmightnotbesuchwisecareeradviceanymore.32.WhatdowelearnaboutChatGPT?A.Itimprovescustomers’satisfaction.B.Itenhancesproductivityandreducescost.C.Itperfectscustomers’abilitytosummarize.D.Itrevolutionizesthebusinesswithaccuracy.33.Howhastechnologyinfluencedindividuals?A.Byenrichingleisuretime.B.Byincreasingdependence.C.Bysimplifyingpeople’swork.D.Byreshapingentertainmentforms.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“equivalent”inparagraph4mean?A.Alternative.B.Opposite.C.Similarity.D.Reference.35.WhatistheauthorsattitudetowardstheapplicationofAI?A.Intolerant.B.Favorable.C.Indifferent.D.Objective.【答案】32.B33.A34.C35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了被广泛视为人工智能教父的杰弗里•辛顿(GeoffreyHinton)警告称，人工智能的发展方式带来的危险越来越大，企业正在争先恐后地寻找如何利用这项技术为自己服务。 【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Abosslookedathiscomputer,enteredthetranscriptofacustomercomplaintcall,andaskedChatGPTtorespondtoitbasedonsetofrules.Inaboutaminuteitcameupwithaverycredibleanswer,whichwas85%accuratebutonlycost1%ofthecostofemployingstaff.Thegoodnewsforallisthepureenhancementtoproductivity.”（一位老板看着他的电脑，输入了一个客户投诉电话的文字记录，并要求ChatGPT根据一套规则做出回应。大约一分钟后，它就得出了一个非常可信的答案，准确率达到85%，但只花费了雇佣员工成本的1%。对所有人来说，好消息是生产率的纯粹提高。）可知，关于ChatGPT我们知道，它提高了生产率，降低了成本。故选B项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Technologyhasimprovedthequalityoflife.Alotofinnovationhasmadeourentertainmenttimemoreenjoyable.”（科技提高了生活质量。许多创新使我们的娱乐时间更加愉快。）可知，科技是通过丰富闲暇时间来影响个人的，故选A项。【34题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Thebadnewsisthatitcouldoccursorapidlyastoovertakeworkers’abilitytoadaptintime,creatingsocialcrisis.”（坏消息是，它可能发生得如此之快，以至于超过了工人的适应能力，从而造成社会危机。）以及划线单词句中“Couldwefaceincallcentersandcreativestudiosinthe2020s,…whathappenedinthecoalminesinthe1980s?”（在21世纪20年代，我们会在呼叫中心和创意工作室面临……20世纪80年代煤矿发生的事情吗？）可推知，人工智能的发展可能会造成社会危机，划线词所在句应该讲述不好的事情，此处为我们会在呼叫中心和创意工作室面临类似于20世纪80年代煤矿发生的事情吗？故可猜测，划线单词equivalent为“类似”的意思，结合选项C项Similarity“相似性”意思一致。故选C项。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“SomeindividualshavestartedtosuggestthatstatesshouldprovideabasicincomeduetothepossibilityofAIleadingtojobloss.Theresponseoftechenthusiastsisthat“Youwon’tbereplacedbyanAI,butyoumightbereplacedbysomeonewhoknowshowtouseAI”.Buttheyusedtosaythat’swhyeverybodyshouldlearnhowtocode.Thatmightnotbesuchwisecareeradviceanymore.”（一些人开始建议，由于人工智能可能导致失业，国家应该提供基本收入。科技爱好者的回应是：“你不会被人工智能取代，但你可能会被懂得如何使用人工智能的人取代。”但他们过去常说，这就是为什么每个人都应该学习如何编程。这可能不再是明智的职业建议了。）可推知，对人工智能的应用，作者并未有明确或褒或贬的个人观点，可得出作者对人工智能持客观的态度。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whethersomeonemakesyouangry,you’reupsetwithyourself,oryou’rejusthavingabadday,oneofthebestwaystodirectyourangryenergyisthroughexercise.Thatangryenergycanbuildinsideofyou.____36____Ifyou’relookingtodirectyourangerthroughexercise,thereareexercisessuitableforit.Runningisaveryeffectivetechniquetocalmanxieties.Thefocusittakestorunandtheendorphinsyourbodyreleaseswilltakeyourmindoffwhateverisfrustratingyou.Besuretoadequatelywarmupandstretchbeforeyourun!____37____Youcanenhancethebenefitsbyrunninginanareathatisfreeofdistractionslikearoundalakeorthroughapeacefulpartofthecity.Achallengingyogapracticeisagreatwaytocontrolyourangertohelpyougetthroughit.Youmaybesofrustratedthatgettingstartedinayogapracticemayseemimpossible.____38____Youcanfocusondirectingyourangryenergyintoeachofthemovements.Itmayalsohelpyoutohavethesupportofthegrouptohelpyougetinvolved.____39____Conditioningclassesareagreatopportunitytofocusyourangryenergyintohittingaheavypunchingbagwhilealsoburningalotofcalories.Theseclassesareoftenchallenging,soyoucanuseyourangertohelpyougetthroughthedifficultyoftheworkout.Focusonyourbreathing,yourtechnique,andharnessingyourangertodeliverstrongpunches.Cyclingisaseriouscardiovascular(心血管的)workoutandyoucanuseyourangertohelpyoupushthroughthedifficultyofit.Whenyougoforarideoutdoors,theextrafocusittakestonavigatetheoutsideworldcanprovideahelpfuldistractionfromyourfrustration.____40____A.It’sadvisabletofindascenicroute.B.Besuretoobeytrafficlawsandwearahelmet.C.Boxingisagreatwaytorelieveyourfrustration.D.Joiningaclasscanhelptakethethinkingoutofit.E.Watchoutforanymovingcarswhileyou’rerunning.F.Breathedeeplywhilepracticingyogaandyourangerwillfade.G.Workingitoutisaneffectivewaytochannelyourrageintomovement.【答案】36.G37.A38.D39.C40.B【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。锻炼可以控制愤怒，文章提供了一些适合内心愤怒的人群的锻炼方式和建议。 【36题详解】根据上文“Thatangryenergycanbuildinsideofyou.(这种愤怒的能量会在你体内积聚。)”，下文“Ifyou’relookingtodirectyourangerthroughexercise,thereareexercisessuitableforit.(如果你想通过锻炼来控制你的愤怒，这里有一些适合你的锻炼。)”因为各种原因，愤怒会积聚在内心，锻炼可以控制愤怒，G项“Workingitoutisaneffectivewaytochannelyourrageintomovement.(锻炼是将你的愤怒转化为行动的有效方法。)”，句中的it指代上文的Thatangryenergy，Workingitout与directyourangerthroughexercise相呼应，G项承上启下，下文引出具体的锻炼方面的建议，上下文衔接连贯。故选G项。【37题详解】根据上文“Besuretoadequatelywarmupandstretchbeforeyourun!(跑步前一定要做好充分的热身和伸展运动!)”，下文“Youcanenhancethebenefitsbyrunninginanareathatisfreeofdistractionslikearoundalakeorthroughapeacefulpartofthecity.(你可以在一个没有干扰的地方跑步，比如在湖边或城市的一个安静的地方跑步。)”可知，本段的建议与“跑步”有关；A项“It’sadvisabletofindascenicroute.(最好找一条风景优美的路线。)”，A项顺接上文，跑前不但要有热身、伸展运动，还要设定路线，下文解释了设定这样的路线的益处，上下文衔接连贯。故选A项。【38题详解】根据上文“Achallengingyogapracticeisagreatwaytocontrolyourangertohelpyougetthroughit.Youmaybesofrustratedthatgettingstartedinayogapracticemayseemimpossible.(一个具有挑战性的瑜伽练习是一个很好的方法来控制你的愤怒，帮助你克服愤怒。你可能会感到沮丧，以至于开始练习瑜伽似乎是不可能的。)”可知，沮丧的情绪会导致不能开始练习瑜伽；下文“Youcanfocusondirectingyourangryenergyintoeachofthemovements.Itmayalsohelpyoutohavethesupportofthegrouptohelpyougetinvolved.(你可以专注于将愤怒的能量引导到每一个动作中。它也可以帮助你得到小组的支持，帮助你参与进来。)”可知，瑜伽能引导体内的愤怒在瑜伽动作中释放，且在小组中练瑜伽可以得到同伴的帮助；D项“Joiningaclasscanhelptakethethinkingoutofit.(参加学习班可以帮助你不再思考它。)”，句中的it指代上文的沮丧情绪，下文解释了参加小组瑜伽的好处，上下文话题一致，衔接连贯。故选D项。【39题详解】根据下文“Conditioningclassesareagreatopportunitytofocusyourangryenergyintohittingaheavypunchingbagwhilealsoburningalotofcalories.Theseclassesareoftenchallenging,soyoucanuseyourangertohelpyougetthroughthedifficultyoftheworkout.(健身课是一个很好的机会，让你把愤怒的精力集中在击打沉重的沙袋上，同时燃烧大量的卡路里。)”可知，健身课中使用到沙袋，C项“Boxingisagreatwaytorelieveyourfrustration.(拳击是缓解沮丧情绪的好方法。)”下文解释了拳击可以缓解沮丧情绪，C项为本段的主旨句，语意连贯，话题一致。故选C项。 【40题详解】根据上文“Whenyougoforarideoutdoors,theextrafocusittakestonavigatetheoutsideworldcanprovideahelpfuldistractionfromyourfrustration.(当你在户外骑行时，骑行在外面的世界中需要额外的注意力，这可以帮助你从沮丧中转移注意力。)”可知，本段的建议与“骑自行车”有关，B项“Besuretoobeytrafficlawsandwearahelmet.(一定要遵守交通法规，戴上头盔。)”，骑车要戴头盔，注意安全，B项顺接上文，骑车能从沮丧中转移注意力，也要注意骑车的安全问题，上下文衔接连贯。故选B项。第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Iamauniversityprofessor.Lastyear,Itooka(n)____41____step:IdecidedtosignupforanonlinecoursetolearnArabic,averydifficultlanguage.Myteacherwasapatientand____42____manfromCairo,whohadbeenteachinghereforyears.Hecould____43____myawkwardnessinclassandwouldfindwaystohelpmefeelmorecomfortable.“Youareintelligenttoday,”myteacherwouldoftensaywhenI____44____wellinclass.WhenIheardthesewordsforthefirsttime,Iwasfilledwith____45____.Afewwordsfromanauthority____46____hadmademyday.Hispraisetruly____47____myconfidenceandIbecamemorepositiveaboutmyArabiclearning.ThatwaswhenI____48____howlittleIhadpraisedmyownstudents.Toomuchpraise,Ihadthought,madestudentstoo____49____,andevenlazy.Now,asastudent,Isawthings_____50_____.Ihadachangeofheart.IfI—auniversityprofessorwithaPhD—felt_____51_____withafewwordsofencouragement,imaginewhat_____52_____mywordscouldhaveonmystudents,sensitiveyoungpeoplewhowerelookingtocarveoutacareerina_____53_____environment?SonowIpraiseasoftenandassincerelyasIcan,knowingthateven_____54_____wordscanmeanalot.Theycansavesomeonefromabadday,asmyteacher’s_____55_____havedoneforme.41.A.embarrassingB.braveC.confusingD.unique42.A.understandingB.modestC.humorousD.honest43.A.noticeB.rememberC.explainD.deny44.A.carvedB.pretendedC.performedD.taught45.A.fearB.painC.joyD.wisdom46.A.textB.figureC.sayingD.organization47.A.checkedB.boostedC.weakenedD.shook 48.A.wonderedB.forgotC.realizedD.ignored49.A.nervousB.proudC.heavyD.creative50.A.normallyB.deliberatelyC.anxiouslyD.differently51.A.inspiredB.amusedC.astonishedD.puzzled52.A.reflectionB.pressureC.dependenceD.impact53.A.peacefulB.comfortableC.traditionalD.stressful54.A.simpleB.accurateC.fancyD.familiar55.A.decisionsB.promisesC.wordsD.orders【答案】41.B42.A43.A44.C45.C46.B47.B48.C49.B50.D51.A52.D53.D54.A55.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者是一位大学教授，报名参加阿拉伯语课程后，老师简单的赞美使作者感到开心，有了自信，也让作者意识到赞美的力量，使作者对事物的看法发生了改变。【41题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：去年，我迈出了勇敢的一步：我决定报名参加一个在线课程来学习阿拉伯语，这是一门非常困难的语言。A.embarrassing令人尴尬的；B.brave勇敢的；C.confusing令人困惑的；D.unique独特的。根据下文“IdecidedtosignupforanonlinecoursetolearnArabic,averydifficultlanguage.”可知，作者报名参加一个在线课程来学习阿拉伯语，这是一门非常困难的语言，由此推知，作者迈出了勇敢的一步。故选B项。【42题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的老师是一位耐心而善解人意的人，他来自开罗，在这里教书多年。A.understanding善解人意的；B.modest谦逊的；C.humorous幽默的；D.honest诚实的。根据下文“andwouldfindwaystohelpmefeelmorecomfortable.”可知，想办法帮助我感觉更舒服，由此推知，作者老师是一位耐心而善解人意的人。故选A项。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他能注意到我在课堂上的尴尬，并会想办法帮助我感觉更舒服。A.notice注意到；B.remember记得；C.explain解释；D.deny否定。根据句意以及该句中的“myawkwardnessinclass”可知，在课堂上的尴尬，由此可知，此处为表示作者老师能注意到作者在课堂上的尴尬。故选A项。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你今天很聪明，”当我在课堂上表现出色时，老师经常会说。A.carved雕刻；B.pretended假装；C.performed表现；D.taught教。根据上文““Youareintelligenttoday,”” 可知，此处是老师对作者说的话，由此推知，此处为当作者在课堂上表现出色时，老师就会说表扬的话。故选C项。45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次听到这些话时，我充满了喜悦。A.fear害怕；B.pain痛苦；C.joy喜悦；D.wisdom智慧。根据上文提到老师对作者说表扬的话以及下文“Afewwordsfromanauthority____6____hadmademyday.”可推知，此处为当作者听到老师表扬的话，充满了喜悦。故选C项。【46题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位权威人士的几句话使我很高兴。A.text文本；B.figure人物；C.saying谚语，格言；D.organization组织。根据句意以及该句中的“fromanauthority”可推知，此处为权威人士的几句话使作者很高兴。authorityfigure“权威人物”。故选B项。【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的表扬确实增强了我的信心，我对我的阿拉伯语学习变得更加积极。A.checked检查；B.boosted增强；C.weakened弱化；D.shook摇动。根据“andIbecamemorepositiveaboutmyArabiclearning.”可知，作者对阿拉伯语学习变得更加积极，由此推知，此处为老师的表扬确实增强了作者的信心。故选B项。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时我才意识到，我很少表扬自己的学生。A.wondered想知道；B.forgot忘记；C.realized意识到；D.ignored忽视。根据句意以及该句中的“howlittleIhadpraisedmyownstudents.”可推知，此处为作者意识到很少表扬自己的学生。故选C项。【49题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我曾经想过，太多的表扬会让学生们过于骄傲，甚至变得懒惰。A.nervous紧张的；B.proud骄傲的；C.heavy严重的；D.creative有创造力的。根据句意以及下文“andevenlazy.”可推知，此处为表示作者认为太多的表扬会让学生们过于骄傲，甚至变得懒惰。故选B项。【50题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在，作为一名学生，我的看法不同了。A.normally正常地；B.deliberately故意地；C.anxiously焦虑地；D.differently不同地。根据下文“Ihadachangeofheart.”可知，作者改变主意了，由此可知，此处为作者现在的看法和以前不同了。故选D项。【51题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我，一个拥有博士学位的大学教授——因为几句鼓励的话而受到鼓舞，想象一下我的话会对我的学生——那些在紧张的环境中寻求开拓事业的敏感年轻人——产生什么影响？A.inspired受到鼓舞的；B.amused觉得好笑的；C.astonished惊讶的；D.puzzled 吃惊的。根据句意以及该句中的“withafewwordsofencouragement,”可推知，此处为作者因为几句鼓励的话而受到鼓舞。故选A项。【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我，一个拥有博士学位的大学教授——因为几句鼓励的话而受到鼓舞，想象一下我的话会对我的学生——那些在紧张的环境中寻求开拓事业的敏感年轻人——产生什么影响？A.reflection反射；B.pressure压力；C.dependence依靠；D.impact影响。根据句意以及该句中的“mywordscouldhaveonmystudents”可推知，此处为作者的话对学生产生的影响。haveimpacton“对……产生影响”。故选D项。【53题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我，一个拥有博士学位的大学教授——因为几句鼓励的话而受到鼓舞，想象一下我的话会对我的学生——那些在紧张的环境中寻求开拓事业的敏感年轻人——产生什么影响？A.peaceful安静的；B.comfortable舒服的；C.traditional传统的；D.stressful有压力的。根据上下文语境以及该句中的“sensitiveyoungpeoplewhowerelookingtocarveoutacareer”可推知，此处为作者的话对那些在紧张的环境中寻求开拓事业的敏感年轻人产生的影响。故选D项。【54题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以现在我尽可能多地真诚地赞美别人，因为我知道，即使是简单的话语也能意味深长。A.simple简单的；B.accurate正确的；C.fancy花俏的；D.familiar熟悉的。根据上文“SonowIpraiseasoftenandassincerelyasIcan”以及该句中的“wordscanmeanalot”可推知，此处为作者知道，即使是简单的话语也能意味深长。故选A项。【55题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们可以把人从糟糕的一天中拯救出来，就像我老师的话对我所做的那样。A.decisions决定；B.promises承诺；C.words话语；D.orders命令。通读全文，以及上文的老师对作者说的话““Youareintelligenttoday””可知，文章一直以作者老师的话让作者备受鼓舞为线索，而展开叙述的。故选C项。第II卷(满分55分)第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在题后空白处填入适当的内容(每空一词)或括号内单词的正确形式。AccordingtoareportbySouthChinaMorningPost,Chinaisplanningtolaunchahyperloop(超级高铁),alsoknown____56____asuper-highspeedpipelinemaglevsystemby2035.Iftheprojectgoesas____57____(plan),thenewtrainwillbetheworld’sfastestground-basedtransport. Inthepastfewdays,theChinesegovernmentofficers____58____(announce)theapprovalofthecountry’sfirsthyperloopline.Its____59____(long)willbe175kilometers,anditwillpassbetweenShanghaiandHangzhou.Thedistancebetweenthetwocitiescanbecoveredinaboutthreehoursbycaroranhourbyhigh-speedtrain.Butthehyperloopcanreachthespeedof1000km/h,____60____meanstheroutecanbecompletedinjust15minutes.TheprojectwillmakeChinaoneofthepioneersinhyperlooptechnology,____61____(allow)fastertravelbetweenseveralmajorcities.Thehyperloopprovides____62____high-securitylevelwithlowenergyconsumption.Thetechnologywill____63____(far)advanceChina’spositionasaleaderintransport.Asuper-fasthyperlooptraininChinahascompleted____64____(it)firsttestruns.TheseconsistedofthreetestrunsatasuperconductingmaglevtestlineinDatong,Shanxiprovince.However,thecurrenttubeavailablefortrialsmeasuresonly2kmlong.It_____65_____(expect)tobeextendedto60kminthenearfuture.【答案】56.as57.planned58.haveannounced59.length60.which61.allowing62.a63.further64.its65.isexpected【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了据《南华早报》报道，中国计划在2035年之前启动超级高铁，也被称为超高速管道磁悬浮系统。如果该项目按计划进行，新列车将成为世界上最快的地面交通工具。【56题详解】考查固定短语。句意：据《南华早报》报道，中国计划在2035年之前启动超级高铁，也被称为超高速管道磁悬浮系统。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语beknownas“被当作，被称为”，满足句意要求。故填as。【57题详解】考查固定短语。句意：如果该项目按计划进行，新列车将成为世界上最快的地面交通工具。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语asplanned“按照计划”，满足句意要求。故填planned。【58题详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几天里，中国政府官员宣布批准了该国第一条超级高铁线路。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，由Inthepastfewdays时间状语可知，该句应为现在完成时，主语officers为复数名词，所以为动词复数形式。故填haveannounced。【59题详解】 考查名词。句意：它的长度将是175公里，将通过上海和杭州之间。由空前Its为形容词性物主代词可知，此处为名词形式，length(长度)不可数。故填length。【60题详解】考查定语从句。句意：但是超级高铁的速度可以达到1000公里/小时，这意味着这条线路可以在15分钟内完成。分析句子可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整句话，关系词在从句中作主语成分，用关系代词which。故填which。【61题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该项目将使中国成为超级高铁技术的先驱之一，使几个主要城市之间的旅行速度更快。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，allow和逻辑主语Theproject为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填allowing。【62题详解】考查冠词。句意：超级高铁提供了高安全性和低能耗。根据句意可知，此处为表示“一种高安全级别”，为泛指概念，high为首音节辅音单词，所以为不定冠词a的填入。故填a。【63题详解】考查副词比较级。句意：这项技术将进一步提升中国在交通运输领域的领先地位。根据句意可知，此处为副词比较级further“更远地，进一步”，作状语修饰动词advance。故填further。【64题详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：中国的超级高铁已经完成了首次试运行。由空后firsttestruns为名词短语可知，此处为形容词性物主代词its。故填its。【65题详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：预计在不久的将来将延长到60公里。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，主语It和谓语动词expect为被动关系，结合上文时态可知，该句应为一般现在时，所以为一般现在时的被动语态结构。故填isexpected。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)66.假定你是李华，上周你校为高二全体学生举行了成人礼(ComingofageCeremony)，请给校英文报写一篇活动报道，内容包括：1.活动目的；2.活动安排；3.活动反响。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Inordertocelebrateusturning18,acoming-of-ageceremonywasheldinourschoollastweek.AllstudentsofSenior2participatedintheactivity.Asscheduled,theceremonystartedat9.a.m.lastFriday,whichlasted2hours.Atthebeginningoftheceremony,theheadmasterdeliveredaspeechtocelebrateusbeinggrown-ups.Followingthis,weheldapartyandtalkedaboutwhatwewouldbedoinginthefuture.Allthestudentsthinkhighlyofit,fornotonlydoesitmakeusawareofwhattheageofmajoritymeans,butalsoithasusunderstandwhatresponsibilityweshouldtakeon.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于上周你校为高二全体学生举行了成人礼(ComingofageCeremony)这一事情，给校英文报写一篇活动报道。【详解】1.词汇积累参加：participatein→takepartin按照计划：Asscheduled→Asplanned举办：hold→conduct承担：takeon→undertake2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Inordertocelebrateusturning18,acoming-of-ageceremonywasheldinourschoollastweek.拓展句：Lastweek,acoming-of-ageceremonywasheldinourschool,whichwasaimedtocelebrateusturning18.【点睛】【高分句型1】Asscheduled,theceremonystartedat9.a.m.lastFriday,whichlasted2hours.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)【高分句型2】Allthestudentsthinkhighlyofit,fornotonlydoesitmakeusawareofwhattheageofmajoritymeans,butalsoithasusunderstandwhatresponsibilityweshouldtakeon.(运用了notonly…butalso…的固定句型以及notonly位于句首时句子需要部分倒装) 第二节读后续写(满分25分)67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使其构成一篇完整的短文。Lastsummer,mycollege’scharitystartedacampaign“BigBrothersBigSisters”.ItcalledoncollegestudentstocareforlocalextremelypoorkidsbyleadingthemtoourcafeteriaandhelpingthemenjoyagoodluncheverySundayforfourmonths.Thecharitywouldpayforthekids’meals.MyschoolmateMollyandIsignedupasvolunteers.Then,thecharityhelpeduscontactalocalpoorfamily.ThefamilyhadakindergartengirlMelissa.ThatSundaymorning,MollyandItooktheschoolbusandreachedthefamily.Whenseeingashabbyhouse,weweretouched.Wenervouslyknockedonthedoor.Melissaopeneditandlookedupatus,seeminglywondering,“Couldthesegirlsbetrusted?”Still,shewelcomedusin.Aftercommunicatingwithherparentsforawhile,Melissagaveusatouroftheirhome.“HereistheTV.HereisthepictureIdrew,”shesaid.Herparents,quietinchairs,watchedherandsmiled.“Hereismybrother,whodied,”Melissaadded.MollyandIjustbrokeinside.Justthen,Melissa’smothercalledher.Melissawalkedovertoher,whosecretlytoldhersomething.ThenMelissacametous,smiling,“Mamasaidmybrotherlivedinsideourheartforever.”Afterashortsilence,MollyandIchattedalotwithMelissa’sparents.Then,wavinggoodbyetoherparents,MelissaheldmyhandandMolly’sandhappilygotonourbus.Alltheway,Melissaappearedexcited.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式作答。Finally,wereachedthecafeteria.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Melissastoodup,saying,“CanIbringsomegrapeshomeformyfamily?”______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion: Finally,wereachedthecafeteria.Itwasalivewithkidsandvolunteers.Melissafollowedustothefoodcounter,marvelingatthevarietyoffood.“Wow!Theymustbeyummy.”Hearingherwords,Ibegantoexplainthedifferentoptionsavailable,whileMollyfilledhertraywithwhatsheselected.Aswesatdownatatable,Melissacouldn’twaittosavoreverybite.Herfacelitupwithsatisfaction,remindingusoftheimportanceofourmission.Sensingakidwithsomeleftoversleavingthecafeteria,Melissapaused,lookingatthefoodcounter.“Doyouneedanythingelse?”Ismiled.Melissastoodup,saying,“CanIbringsomegrapeshomeformyfamily?”Shelookedatus,adding,“Ithinknothingissweeterthangrapeshere.”MollyandIexchangedglancesandnodded,touchedbyherthoughtfulness.Onthebusrideback,Melissaheldabagofgrapesgentlyasiftheyweretreasures.Hardlyhadshesteppedintothehousewhenshesharedherexperienceandthedeliciousgrapeswithherfamily,whichmeltedourhearts.Overthenextfewmonths,wewitnessedthepositiveimpactofourpresence.Assummerended,wereflectedonourexperienceandcontinuedvolunteering,knowingthateventhesmallestactsofkindnesscouldmakeabigdifference.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了去年夏天，学院慈善机构发起了“大哥哥大姐姐”活动，带领贫困儿童去自助餐厅享用午餐。作者和同学莫莉成为志愿者，去贫困家庭拜访梅丽莎，并带着梅丽莎回学院享用午餐。梅丽莎很享受这里的午餐，当她看见有人带走剩饭菜时，她也想给家人带点葡萄回去，因为这里的葡萄比别的食物都甜。梅丽莎回家后分享吃饭的经历和带回家的葡萄，一家人乐融融的场景触动了作者，几个月的陪伴使作者和莫利见证了这一家的变化，也坚定了传播善意的想法。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“最后，我们到了自助餐厅。”可知，第一段可描写作者和同学莫莉带着梅丽莎第一次去吃自助餐时，小姑娘面对食物时的迫不及待和满足，当看见别的孩子把一些剩菜带离自助餐厅时，她暂停吃饭动作，引起了作者的询问。②由第二段首句内容“梅丽莎站起来，说：‘我能带一些葡萄回家给我的家人吗？’”可知，第二段可描写作者和莫莉满足她的请求，梅丽莎回家后和家人分享自己的经历和葡萄，以及作者和莫莉也决定继续做志愿者传递爱。2.续写线索：到达餐厅——挑选食物就餐——看见别人带走剩饭菜——想给家人带葡萄——分享经历和葡萄——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①解释：explain/clarify/explicate②挑选：select/choose/pick ③坐下：sitdown/takeaseat④享用：savor/enjoy⑤微笑：smile/beam情绪类①满足：satisfaction/contentment/gratification②融化我们的心：meltourhearts/moveus/touchus【点睛】[高分句型1]Sensingakidwithsomeleftoversleavingthecafeteria,Melissapaused,lookingatthefoodcounter.(现在分词短语Sensing…和looking…作状语、现在分词短语leaving…作宾语补足语)[高分句型2]Hardlyhadshesteppedintothehousewhenshesharedherexperienceandthedeliciousgrapeswithherfamily,whichmeltedourhearts.（Hardly置于句首引起部分倒装、关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句）[高分句型3]Assummerended,wereflectedonourexperienceandcontinuedvolunteering,knowingthateventhesmallestactsofkindnesscouldmakeabigdifference.(从属连词As引导时间状语从句、现在分词短语knowing…作状语、连接词that引导名词性从句作knowing的宾语)