山东省德州市2022-2023学年高三英语上学期期末考试试题（Word版附解析）

高中线上教学自测自评卷(英语)本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。注意事项：1.答第I卷前考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号框。3.全部答案在答题卡上完成,答在试卷上无效。第I卷(满分65分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AThisyear’sfavoritebooksofferamixtureofadviceonhowtocreateahappierandmorecompassionatesocietythroughshiftingourworldviewandimprovingoursocialinteractions.BittersweetWriterSusanCaindescribesbittersweetfeelingsas“atendencytostatesoflongingandsorrowandacuriousjoyatthebeautyoftheworld”.Embracingtheseemotionscanmakeourlivesmoremeaningful.Suchfeelingscancreatemotivationtoreacharenewedsenseofpurpose.Whilesometimesunpleasant,theycanspurspiritualgrowthandfosterourconnectionwithothers.Platonic“Friendshipsarewronglyundervaluedinoursociety,”writespsychologistMarisaFranco.It’sfriendshipsthatprovideuswithagreatsenseofbelongingandhappiness.Herbookshowsushowtogoaboutit—byreachingout,offeringaffectionandgenerosity.Francogivespracticalguidanceonhowtomanagepsychologicalblockstofriendship,pavingthewaytodeeperrelationships.HappierHourManypeoplefeeltheydon’thaveenoughhourstodoeverythingthey’dliketodo.ButresearcherCassieHolmesshowswhythisattitudeiswrong-headed.Sheencouragesustoevaluateourcurrentuseoffreetimeandhowmuchpleasurewegetfromouractivities.Then,sheoffersevidence-based tipsonhowtousetimemorewisely—bylesseningtechnologyuse,developingrelationshipsandexperiencinggratitude.TheSecretLifeofSecretsIskeepingasecretabadthing?InprofessorMichaelSlepian’sbook,“Peopledon’tliketobealonewiththeirthoughts,andhavingasecretcancausefeelingsofisolationanduncertainty.”Therefore,it’sprobablygoodtofindadifferentwaytocope,liketellingyourtrustingfriends.Slepianofferstipsonhowtodecidewhethertokeeporrevealasecrettoavoidharmingrelationships.1.WhatdoesSusanCaintrytoconvinceusinherbook?A.Bitterfeelingscanchangeintosweetones.B.Unpleasantemotionblocksourmentalgrowth.C.Acceptingsorrowandhappinessmakesuswhole.D.Asenseoflongingmakesthebeautyoftheworld.2.Whichbookintereststhosewhohavetroublemanagingtime?A.Bittersweet.B.Platonic.C.HappierHour.D.TheSecretLifeofSecrets.3.WhataspectdoPlatonicandTheSecretLifeofSecretsbothinvolve?A.Pursuingwealthandhealth.B.Readingtostopisolationoflife.C.Revealingasecretforstablefriendship.D.Developinginterpersonalrelationships.【答案】1.C2.C3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了今年最受欢迎的四本书籍。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据“Bittersweet”部分关键句“WriterSusanCaindescribesbittersweetfeelingsas“atendencytostatesoflongingandsorrowandacuriousjoyatthebeautyoftheworld”.Embracingtheseemotionscanmakeourlivesmoremeaningful.”（作家苏珊·凯恩将苦乐参半的情感描述为“渴望和悲伤的倾向，以及对世界之美的好奇喜悦”。拥抱这些情绪可以让我们的生活更有意义。）可知，苏珊·凯恩在书中告诉我们拥抱悲伤和喜悦可以让我们的生活更有意义，由此可知，苏珊·凯恩在书中试图说服我们接受悲伤和快乐使我们变得完整，让我们的生活更 有意义。故选C项。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据“HappierHour”部分关键句“Then,sheoffersevidence-basedtipsonhowtousetimemorewisely—bylesseningtechnologyuse,developingrelationshipsandexperiencinggratitude.”（然后，她提供了基于证据的建议，说明如何通过减少技术使用、发展关系和体验感恩来更明智地利用时间。）可知，这本书中针对如何更明智地利用时间提供了基于证据的建议，由此可知，在管理时间方面有困难的人可能对“HappierHour”感兴趣。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“Platonic”部分关键句“Francogivespracticalguidanceonhowtomanagepsychologicalblockstofriendship,pavingthewaytodeeperrelationships.”（佛朗哥为如何处理友谊的心理障碍提供了实际指导，为加深关系铺平了道路。）可知，这本书中涉及到了如何处理友谊这种人际关系，根据“TheSecretLifeofSecrets”部分关键句“Slepianofferstipsonhowtodecidewhethertokeeporrevealasecrettoavoidharmingrelationships.”（斯莱皮恩提供了如何决定是否保守或透露秘密以避免伤害关系的建议。）可知，这本书中也提供了关于避免伤害人际关系的建议，由此可知，“Platonic”和“TheSecretLifeofSecrets”都涉及到发展人际关系。全科试题免费下载公众号《高中僧课堂》故选D项。BMercyBaggsisreflectingonherfuture.“ShouldIliveto95,Iwoulddoanotherparachutejump,”shesays.Shefirstjumpedwhenshewas77inhonorofherachievementsasmayoroftheWiltshiretownofCalne.ThenshejumpedagainlastMarch,adaybeforeher90thbirthday,toraisefundsforWiltshireairambulance.“Thisisthethrillofit,”shesays.“Yougoup,andthenthatdooropensandthewindstartstocomethrough.Youfree-fallforalongtime.”Shehasalwaysenjoyedriskssinceshewasachild,whenpeopleusedtolookdownonher.Butnobodydoesnow.Asachild,shelivedinpovertyandalsowentthroughupsanddowns,“Iamverysensitivetopeoplewhoaremoreunfortunate,”Baggssays.Asayoungadult,shejoinedtheBritishTransportCommissionpolice,butdealingwithchildrenwhocouldn’tfindtheirparentswastoomuchtobear.“Iknewwhattheyweregoingthrough.Ilikekids.Ireallydo.”LatersheleftthepoliceandworkedinWiltshirecouncil.Butnodoubtherchildhoodfedintoheractionsasacouncillor,andlatermayorinCalne,whereshehelpedtosetupadrop-incentreforyoungpeople.Thedrop-inwasoneofthecauses sheraisedmoneyforwiththatfirstleapoutoftheplane.Butwhyaparachutejump?Atthetime,herlatehusband,John,wasillwithbowelcancer.Hesaid,“Idowishyouwouldn’tdoit.”Shesaid,“John,it’slife.I’vegottodosomething.”Baggshasneverbeenfazedbyageing.Shesaysthatshewantedtoshowthatyoudon’thavetositonyourbacksideknittingorwatchingtelevisionallthetime.There’saworldoutthere.There’salifeoutthere.Shehopesforatleastonemoreskydive,maybeagoona100mphzipwireand“apeacefulend”.4.WhydidMercyBaggsmakeherfirstparachutejump?A.Tocelebrateher90hbirthday.B.Tomakeotherslookuptoher.C.Toraisefundsforanairambulance.D.Tomarkhertermofofficeasmayor.5.Whatimpactdidherchildhoodexperiencesmakeonhercareer?A.Shedidparachutejumpsasapart-timejob.B.Sheshowedgreatconcernforunluckychildren.C.Shefounditverytoughtoworkwithyoungpeople.D.Sheleftthedrop-incentreandpreparedarunformayor.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fazed”meaninthelastparagraph?ADisturbed.B.Abandoned.C.Witnessed.D.Embarrassed.7.WhatdoesBaggsintendtoconveywithonemorejump?A.Itisnevertoooldtolearn.B.Enjoylifewithherfamily.C.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.D.Bebravetofacechallengesinlife.【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了90岁的MercyBaggs，为威尔特郡的空中救护车筹集资金再次跳伞的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。文章第一段讲到“Shefirstjumpedwhenshewas77inhonorofherachievementsas mayoroftheWiltshiretownofCalne.(她在77岁时第一次跳伞，是为了表彰她作为威尔特郡卡尔恩镇镇长的成就)”可知MercyBaggs第一次跳伞是为了以纪念她担任镇长的任期，故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。文章第三段讲到“Iamverysensitivetopeoplewhoaremoreunfortunate(我对那些更不幸的人非常敏感)”可知她的童年经历对她的职业生涯的影响是她非常关心不幸的孩子，故选B。【6题详解】词句猜测题。文章倒数第二段讲到“(但为什么要跳伞呢？当时，她已故的丈夫约翰患有肠癌。他说：‘我真希望你不要这样做’。)”以及最后一段“Shehopesforatleastonemoreskydive,maybeagoona100mphzipwire(她希望至少再跳伞一次，也许是以100英里/小时的速度跳伞)”可知她的丈夫不建议她继续跳伞，但是Baggs的跳伞计划并没有受到影响，仍然坚持了她的跳伞。因此最后一段中带下划线的单词“fazed”的意思是“受到干扰”，即：Baggs的跳伞计划从未因年纪大而受影响，故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“Shesaysthatshewantedtoshowthatyoudon’thavetositonyourbacksideknittingorwatchingtelevisionallthetime.There’saworldoutthere.There’salifeoutthere.(她说，她想告诉人们，你不必一直坐着织毛衣或看电视。外面有一个世界，外面有一种生活。)”可知Baggs想再跳一次伞想要传达的是要勇于面对生活中的挑战，故选D。CAnincreasinglypopularwayofeatingcalledreducetarianismmaysoundlikeanewweightlosstrend.Butthat’snotthegoal;instead,reducetarianismisaboutcuttingdowntheamountofmeatyoueatandmakingsmallchangesthatarehealthyforyouandtheplanet.“Butthevastmajoritydon’twanttogovegan”,saysBrianKateman,co-founderoftheReducetarianFoundation.Sohehasasimplemessageforus:“Don’tletperfectionbetheenemyofthegood.”Comparedwithavegetarian,reducetarianstakeamoreflexibleapproachthatacknowledgeschallengesofgivingupmeatentirelybutstilllimitsmeatwhenpossible.Theoppositesideofeatinglessmeatiseatingmoreplantfoods.Animalproductsoftenreplacefreshfruits,vegetablesandwholegrains,leadingtolackofnutrientsfromthem.Amoreplant-baseddietcanhelplowertheriskofhealthproblemsincludingheartdisease,coloncancer,andobesity.Andresearchshowstheclimatetollfromraisingplant-basedfoodsislessthanthatcausedbyanimal-based foods.Thisislargelybecauseittakesmuchmoreland,water,andotherresourcestoproduceapoundofmeatthanplantprotein,saysDanaEllis,adietitian.Thetypeofmeatyoubuymatterstoo.Grass-fedmeat—fromanimalsraisedwithoutantibiotics(抗生素)—tendtobethemoresustainableoptions.Bygrazing,cowsencouragegrassgrowthandnutrientturnoverinthesoil,whichmayhelpoffsetcattle’sclimateimpact,accordingtoastudypublishedin2021.Lookingforlocalproducethatrequiresnoairtransportandcuttingdownthefoodwastearealsosignificantaspectsofbeingareducetarian.Themessageofreducetarianismisthatyoudon’thavetobeperfecttohelpyourselfandtheplanetbymakingsmallchangesinhowyoueatandshopforfood.Andthat’ssomethingweallcanaccomplish.8.Whatdoesreducetarianismreferto?A.Anovelweightlosstrend.B.Ahealthydietwithlittlemeat.C.Anideaofacceptingimperfection.D.Anapproachtobeingavegetarian.9.Whyshouldeatingmoreplantfoodsbeencouraged?A.Ithelpstofreepeoplefromdiseases.B.Itguaranteesallthenutrientsneeded.C.Itallowspeopletoobtainmoreprotein.D.Itcauseslessdamagetotheenvironment.10.Whoismorelikelytobeareducetarianaccordingtothepassage?A.AmeatloverB.Acowraiser.C.Akeenenvironmentalist.D.Adevotedvegetarian.11.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthelastparagraph?A.Localproducecanoffermorenutrition.B.Reducetarianismissomethingimperfect.C.Anyamountoffoodwasteshouldbeavoided.D.Smallchangesindietbettermanandtheearth.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是减肉主义及这种饮食方式给人类和地球带来的好处。 【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Butthat’snotthegoal;instead,reducetarianismisaboutcuttingdowntheamountofmeatyoueatandmakingsmallchangesthatarehealthyforyouandtheplanet.”（但这不是目标；相反，减肉主义是减少你吃的肉的数量，并做出对你和地球有益的小改变。）可知，减肉主义指的是减少你吃的肉的数量，这对你的健康和地球都有益，由此可知，减肉主义指的是一种少吃肉的健康饮食方式。故选B项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“Andresearchshowstheclimatetollfromraisingplant-basedfoodsislessthanthatcausedbyanimal-basedfoods.”（研究表明，种植植物性食物所造成的气候损失比动物性食物所造成的气候损失小。）可知，种植植物性食物对气候的危害更小，更环保，由此可知，应该鼓励多吃植物性食物，因为它对环境的破坏较小。故选D项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“Butthat’snotthegoal;instead,reducetarianismisaboutcuttingdowntheamountofmeatyoueatandmakingsmallchangesthatarehealthyforyouandtheplanet.”（但这不是目标；相反，减肉主义是减少你吃的肉的数量，并做出对你和地球有益的小改变。）和第二段关键句“Andresearchshowstheclimatetollfromraisingplant-basedfoodsislessthanthatcausedbyanimal-basedfoods.”（研究表明，种植植物性食物所造成的气候损失比动物性食物所造成的气候损失小。）可知，减肉主义畅导减少你吃的肉的数量，而少吃肉对气候环境有益，由此可知，一个热情的环保主义者更有可能成为减肉主义者，因为他们为了保护环境，会少吃肉，进而成为减肉主义者。故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“Themessageofreducetarianismisthatyoudon’thavetobeperfecttohelpyourselfandtheplanetbymakingsmallchangesinhowyoueatandshopforfood.Andthat’ssomethingweallcanaccomplish.”（减肉主义的信息是，你不必为了帮助自己和地球而完美，只需在饮食和购买食物的方式上做出微小的改变。这是我们都能做到的。）可知，我们只需在饮食和购买食物的方式上做出微小的改变，就可以帮助人类和地球，由此可知，从最后一段可以得知饮食上的小变化使人类和地球变得更好。故选D项。DHereinthemiddleofLondon,somethingextraordinaryisgoingon.Youcanhearaloudandunmistakablesoundofbeesdoingwhattheydobest:makinghoney. What’smore,they’reperformingtheirmagic,notintheleafyacresofnearbypark,butuponthebalconyofStErmin’sHotel.Whereasmosturbanresidenceswoulddotheirbesttokeepsting-bearinginsectsasfarawayfromguestsaspossible,thishotelopensitsdoorstothecapital’sbees.Thepersonwhotendsthis“BeeHotel”isCamillaGoddard.“Inthelongrun,beesareamazingcreaturestoworkwith.Youcan’thelpadmiringthewaytheyoperate.Theyreallydoputthegoodofthecommunityfirst,”shesays.Aswellasprovidinganenjoyablepastime,modernbeekeepingisbecomingincreasinglycritical.AccordingtotheBritishBeekeepersAssociation(BBKA),70differentUKcropsdependonbeesforpollination(授粉).Withoutbeestoprovidepollination,one-thirdofallourfoodwouldn’tsurvive.DuringtheSecondWorldWar,WinstonChurchillwasafirmsupporterofbeesandmadesuretheygotextrasuppliestocarryonwiththeirpollinationwork,evenastheGermanarmydroppedtheirbombs.“Beesareindangerofdisappearingfromourenvironment,”warnsTimLovettoftheBBKA.Today,beenumbersaredownby50percent.Usingmoreandmoreland,agriculturalindustryreducesspotswherebeescanlive.Crop-protectingpesticideshavealsoledtohighdeathrateofbees.AnotherblowwasanAsianspeciesthatfirstarrivedinDevonandthenspreadacrossthecountry.Itsettledonthebeesandnotonlyweakenedtheirimmunesystembutcausedtheirwingstodeform(变畸形)sothatflyingbecameimpossible.Anxiousaboutthedeclineofbeekeeping,theBBKAhasproducedaschoolinformationpackentitled“BeesintheCurriculum”.Oncethechildrenhavebeenaroundbeesforawhile,theyunderstandtheservicethatbeesprovideforus,ratherthanseeingthemasthesourceofstings.12.WhatdoweknowaboutCamillaGoddard?A.Shehasnevergotbeestingsherself.B.Shetriestomakeherguestsbee-free.C.Sheadmiresthewayinwhichbeeslive.D.SheownsabeehotelinaLondonsuburb.13.WhyisWinstonChurchillmentionedinparagraph3?ATocriticizethecrueltyofwar.B.Tochangetheroleofbeesinthewar.C.Tohighlightthevalueofbeepollination. D.Toawakentheconsciousnessofsavingcrops.14.Whichisadirectcauseofthereductionofbeehabitats?AModernagriculture.B.Foreignspeciesinvasion.C.Huntingfromhumans.D.Crop-protectingpesticides.15.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.ThenumberofbeesisdecreasingsharplyB.ModernbeekeepingisensuringourfutureC.BeeHotelischangingbees’fateintheUKD.Childrenareeducatedaboutthevalueofbees【答案】12.C13.C14.A15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。通过伦敦一家养蜂蜜的酒店，指出蜜蜂授粉的重要性，以及现在栖息地的破坏和蜜蜂数量的减少的问题，旨在呼吁保护蜜蜂。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Inthelongrun,beesareamazingcreaturestoworkwith.Youcan’thelpadmiringthewaytheyoperate.Theyreallydoputthegoodofthecommunityfirst,”shesays.(从长远来看，蜜蜂是一种令人惊叹的生物。你不禁钦佩它们的运作方式。它们确实把团体的利益放在第一位，”她说。)”可知，CamillaGoddard很钦佩蜜蜂过活的方式。故选C项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“DuringtheSecondWorldWar,WinstonChurchillwasafirmsupporterofbeesandmadesuretheygotextrasuppliestocarryonwiththeirpollinationwork,evenastheGermanarmydroppedtheirbombs.(第二次世界大战期间，温斯顿·丘吉尔是蜜蜂的坚定支持者，即使德国军队投下了炸弹，他还确保蜜蜂获得额外的补给，以继续授粉工作。)”可以看出，丘吉尔很看重蜜蜂授粉，肯定是因为蜜蜂授粉价值重大，因此这强调了蜜蜂授粉的价值。故选C项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段最后二句“Usingmoreandmoreland,agriculturalindustryreducesspotswherebeescanlive.(农业产业使用越来越多的土地，减少了蜜蜂的栖息地。)”可知，蜜蜂栖息地减少的直接原因是现代农业的发展。故选A项。 【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“HereinthemiddleofLondon,somethingextraordinaryisgoingon.Youcanhearaloudandunmistakablesoundofbeesdoingwhattheydobest:makinghoney.(在伦敦市中心，有一件非同寻常的事情正在发生。你可以听到蜜蜂在做他们最擅长的事：酿蜜时发出的响亮而明确的声音。)”可知，这一段描述的场景是BeeHotel里蜜蜂的活动，本文通过这个场景，介绍了蜂蜜的重要性，以及该酒店的行为改变了人们对蜜蜂的看法，不再仅仅是蜇人的源头，因此BeeHotelischangingbees’fateintheUK“BeeHotel正在改变蜜蜂在英国的命运”。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whetheryou’reinterestedingrowingasmallfoodgardenathome,hydroponic(水栽法的)gardeningprovidesawaytogrowfresh,nutrient-richfoodinaquickly-changingworldwithlimitedresources.Whatisahydroponicgarden?____16____Plantscangrowindoors,yearround,inlessspacethantraditionalsoil-basedgardensinit.Thismeansifyouliveinatinyapartmentordon’thaveanoutdoorarea,youcanstillgrowfreshfood.Howdoeshydroponicgardeningwork?Plantsneedsunlight,waterandnutrientstogrow.____17____Butthebasisofhydroponicsisrootedingrowingthefoodinnutrient-enrichedwater.Ahydroponicsystemcanbeprogrammedtoensureaplantreceivessufficientwater,nutrients,lightandeventhecorrectPHleveltoprovideeachplantwithwhatitneedstosurviveandthrive.Whatplantscangrowhydroponically?Avarietyofdifferentfoodscanbegrowninahydroponicgarden.___18___Similartowhatyoucangrowinabackyardhanginggarden,themorepopularvegetablesgrowninhydroponicsincludeleafygreensandlettuces(生菜).However,morecomplexsystemscanproducefruitingvegetablessuchastomatoes,cucumbers,peppersandmore.____19____Inadditiontobeingabletogrowfoodwithoutsoilandinsmallspaces,hydroponicgardeningcan contributetosolvingsocialandenvironmentalissues.Inregionswherepeopledon’thaveaccesstofreshvegetables,ahydroponicgardencanbepartofthesolution.Hydroponicplantscangrow40%to50%fasterandproduce30%morethantheplantsgrowinginsoil.___20___Insomecases,youcangrowproducethatisevenmorenutrient.A.Typically,plantsgetnutrientsfromsoil.B.Whatproducecanahydroponicgardenoffer?C.Whatarethebenefitsofahydroponicgarden?D.Ahydroponicgardenuseswaterinsteadofsoil.E.Microgreensareamongtheeasiestplantstogrow.F.Youcangrowmoreproduceinashorteramountoftime.G.Youcanpurchaseaready-to-gohydroponicgardenorbuildyourown.【答案】16.D17.A18.B19.C20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了水培种植作物的方法。【16题详解】根据标题“Whatisahydroponicgarden?(什么是水培花园？)”以及后文“Plantscangrowindoors,yearround,inlessspacethantraditionalsoil-basedgardensinit.Thismeansifyouliveinatinyapartmentordon’thaveanoutdoorarea,youcanstillgrowfreshfood.(植物可以全年在室内生长，比传统的以土壤为基础的花园的空间更小。这意味着如果你住在一个小公寓里，或者没有户外区域，你仍然可以种植新鲜的食物)”可知，本句是在解释说明水培花园到底是什么：水培花园使用水而不是土壤。故D选项“水培花园使用水而不是土壤。”符合语境，故选D。【17题详解】根据上文“Plantsneedsunlight,waterandnutrientstogrow.(植物生长需要阳光、水和养分)”以及后文“Butthebasisofhydroponicsisrootedingrowingthefoodinnutrient-enrichedwater.(但水培法的基础是在营养丰富的水中种植食物)”可知，本句是在说明植物生长获取养分的条件，后文提到了水培法，故本句是在说明一般做法。故A选项“一般来说，植物从土壤中获取养分”符合语境，且与下文的But形成转折，故选A。【18题详解】根据上文“Avarietyofdifferentfoodscanbegrowninahydroponicgarden.(在水培花园中可以种植各种不同的食物)”以及后文“Similartowhatyoucangrowinabackyardhanginggarden,the morepopularvegetablesgrowninhydroponicsincludeleafygreensandlettuces(生菜).However,morecomplexsystemscanproducefruitingvegetablessuchastomatoes,cucumbers,peppersandmore.(类似于你可以在后院的空中花园中种植的蔬菜，更受欢迎的水培蔬菜包括绿叶蔬菜和生菜。然而，更复杂的系统可以生产出结果蔬菜，如西红柿、黄瓜、辣椒等)”可知，本句主要是关于水培花园种植作物的说明，故B选项“水培花园能提供什么产品？”符合语境，故选B。【19题详解】根据后文“Inadditiontobeingabletogrowfoodwithoutsoilandinsmallspaces,hydroponicgardeningcancontributetosolvingsocialandenvironmentalissues.Inregionswherepeopledon’thaveaccesstofreshvegetables,ahydroponicgardencanbepartofthesolution.Hydroponicplantscangrow40%to50%fasterandproduce30%morethantheplantsgrowinginsoil.(除了能够在无土壤和小空间种植食物外，水培园艺还有助于解决社会和环境问题。在人们无法获得新鲜蔬菜的地区，水培花园可以成为解决方案的一部分。水培植物比在土壤中生长的植物生长速度快40%到50%，产量多30%)”可知，本段主要介绍了水培花园的好处。故C选项“水培花园的好处是什么？”符合语境，故选C。【20题详解】根据上文“Hydroponicplantscangrow40%to50%fasterandproduce30%morethantheplantsgrowinginsoil.(水培植物比在土壤中生长的植物生长速度快40%到50%，产量多30%)”可知，上文提到水培种植的植物速度更快，即可以在更短的时间内种植更多的农产品。故F选项“你可以在更短的时间内种植更多的农产品”符合语境，故选F。第二部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Didgaisexceptional.Ihavethreeothercats,andsheisbyfarthemost____21____.In2017,Didgaperformedrecord-breaking24different____22____inunderaminute,whichgotherintotheGuinnessWorldRecords.Shehassurpassedallmy____23____andhelpedmeteachotherpeoplehowtogetthebestoutoftheircats.Iopenedmyownanimal-trainingbusinesswhenIthoughtaboutgettingacat—everyonesaidcatscan’tbetrained,butIwantedto____24____themwrong.Peoplewouldbeamazedathow ____25____timeisrequiredtoteachyourpetquiteextraordinarythings.Istartedsearchingforpotentialkittenstoadopt.Iwenttoa____26____,andImetDidga.Theladytheresaid,“She’sreally____27____togetyourattention.”Iadoptedherandneverlookedback.Didgaknowsahandfuloftricksthattookoverayeartolearn.It’sanincredible____28____whenacatdoesatrickI’vebeentryingtoteachforsolong.Asatrainer,Iunderstandthepreparation,the____29____,andhowtobreakeverythingdownintobabysteps._____30_____,youwouldn’tbeabletotrainacatiftheydidn’twantit,andI’dnever_____31_____onebeyonditscomfortzone.IfDidgadoesn’tlikeit,Istoporgoina_____32_____direction.IstartedaYouTubechanneltoteachpeopletohaveabetterrelationshipwiththeircats.Peoplearefascinatedwhentheyseemyskateboardingcat,andveryfeware_____33_____.Didgahaschangedmylife.ShehastakenmetolevelsIwouldneverhave_____34_____.Iwonthelotto,sotospeak,_____35_____acatlikeDidga.21.A.confidentB.advancedC.familiarD.talented22.A.gesturesB.tricksC.jokesD.dances23.A.experimentsB.challengesC.predictionsD.instructions24.A.proveB.describeC.changeD.discover25.A.extraB.toughC.preciousD.little26.A.villageB.hospitalC.squareD.shelter27.A.tryingB.meaningC.pretendingD.promising28.A.reliefB.principleC.growthD.feeling29.A.awarenessB.patienceC.admissionD.responsibility30.A.ThereforeB.InsteadC.BesidesD.Somehow31.A.pushB.persuadeC.warnD.allow32.A.wiseB.standardC.differentD.safe33.A.puzzledB.negativeC.bearableD.cautious34.A.takenupB.dreamedofC.stucktoD.checkedout35.A.findingB.recognizingC.followingD.managing 【答案】21.D22.B23.C24.A25.A26.D27.A28.D29.B30.C31.A32.C33.B34.B35.D【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者收养并教会小猫Didga很多技巧，证明“猫不能训练”这一说法是错误的。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还有三只猫，她是目前为止最有天赋的一只。A.confident自信的；B.advanced先进的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.talented有天资的。根据下文“In2017,Didgaperformedrecord-breaking24different2inunderaminute,whichgotherintotheGuinnessWorldRecords.”可知，Didga因为表演打破了吉尼斯世界纪录，说明它很有天赋。故选D项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2017年，Didga在一分钟内表演了24种不同的技巧，打破了吉尼斯世界纪录。A.gestures手势；B.tricks技巧；C.jokes笑话；D.dances舞蹈。根据第三段中“Didgaknowsahandfuloftricksthattookoverayeartolearn.”可知，Didga表演的是它学到的技巧。故选B项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她超越了我所有的预测，并帮助我教会其他人如何让他们的猫发挥最大的作用。A.experiments实验；B.challenges挑战；C.predictions预测；D.instructions指令。根据上文“gotherintotheGuinnessWorldRecords.”和句中“surpassed”可推知，Didga太优秀，超越了作者的预测。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我想养只猫的时候，我开了自己的动物训练公司——每个人都说猫不能训练，但我想证明他们错了。A.prove证实；B.describe描述；C.change改变；D.discover发现。根据上文“everyonesaidcatscan’tbetrained”和句中“themwrong”可推知，作者想要证明人们对猫的认知是错了。故选A项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们会惊讶地发现，教会你的宠物一些非凡的事情需要多少额外的时间。A.extra额外的；B.tough坚韧的；C.precious珍贵的；D.little一点儿。根据下文“It’sanincredible8whenacatdoesatrickI’vebeentryingtoteachforsolong. ”可知，作者教Didga花了很多时间。故选A项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我去了动物收容所，遇到了迪加。A.village乡村；B.hospital医院；C.square正方形；D.shelter(人或动物)收容所。根据上文“Istartedsearchingforpotentialkittenstoadopt.”可推知，要收养动物会去动物收容所。故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她真的是想引起你的注意。A.trying试图；B.meaning意味着；C.pretending假装；D.promising承诺。根据句中“togetyourattention”可知，Didga想要引起作者的注意。故选A项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当一只猫表演了我一直想教的把戏，这让人感觉不可思议。A.relief缓解；B.principle准则；C.growth成长；D.feeling感觉。根据上文“tookoverayeartolearn”和句中“I’vebeentryingtoteachforsolong”可知，作者教了Didga很长时间，所以，终于成功后感觉不可思议。故选D项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名培训师，我明白需要什么准备工作、耐心，以及如何将一切分解成婴儿步骤。A.awareness意识；B.patience耐心；C.admission承认；D.responsibility责任。根据上文“I’vebeentryingtoteachforsolong”可知，作者花了很长时间教Didga，所以他知道需要耐心。故选B项。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，如果一只猫不愿意，你就无法训练它，所以我从来不会强迫一只猫离开它的舒适区。A.Therefore因此；B.Instead代替；C.Besides此外；D.Somehow以某种方式。上文讲调教猫的方法，下文“youwouldn’tbeabletotrainacatiftheydidn’twantit”仍然是讲如何调教猫，上下文是并列关系，用副词besides，符合语境。故选C项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，如果一只猫不愿意，你就无法训练它，所以我从来不会强迫一只猫离开它的舒适区。A.push强迫；B.persuade说服；C.warn警告；D.allow允许。根据上文“youwouldn’tbeabletotrainacatiftheydidn’twantit”和下文“IfDidgadoesn’tlikeit,Istop”可知，如果猫不愿意，你就无法训练它，所以作者会停下来，不会强迫猫离开它的舒适区。故选A项。 【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果Didga不喜欢，我就会停下来，或者换个方向。A.wise明智的；B.standard标准；C.different不同的；D.safe安全的。根据选择连词“or”和“direction”可知，当猫不愿意训练时，除了停下训练，还有其它不同的方法。故选C项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当人们看到我的猫玩滑板时，他们很着迷，很少有人否定它。A.puzzled困惑的；B.negative否定的，消极的；C.bearable可忍受的；D.cautious谨慎的。根据上文“IstartedaYouTubechanneltoteachpeopletohaveabetterrelationshipwiththeircats”可知，作者在YouTube上教人们如何和猫建立更好的关系，所以当他们看到作者的猫玩滑板时，没人否定他的猫和他的做法。故选B项。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她把我带到了我从未梦想过的高度。A.takenup开始从事；B.dreamedof梦想；C.stuckto坚持；D.checkedout结账离开。根据上文“Didgahaschangedmylife.”可知，Didga改变了作者的生活，把作者带到了从未梦想过的高度。故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：可以说，调教一只像Didga这样的猫，就像我中了乐透奖。A.finding发现；B.recognizing认识；C.following跟随；D.managing调教(人或动物)。根据上文可知，作者训练了Didga，并且改变了自己的生活。故选D项。第Ⅱ卷(满分55分)第二部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分30分)第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ConfuciusFamilyMansion(KongFu),knownasthe“mansionofpoetryandetiquette”,isaswellfamousforitsexcellentcuisine.Oneofthedishesusestheginkgo(银杏)fruitsinthemansion___36___theingredients.Twoginkgotreesinthemansion,though___37___(plant)morethanonethousandyearsago,remainlush,tallandstrong.Thefruitsarebiginsizeandfull,___38___(emit)scents.Thechefsjusttaketheginkgofruitsoffthetreesandremovethepeel____39____thefruitsarestillfresh.Then,theyputthenutsintotheboilingwaterforashortwhile___40___(remove)theoff-smell.Whenthenutsarecrispyandtender,theyputthemintoaspecialjuicemadeofsugarandhoney,adishthusbeingmade,____41____tastessoftandexceptionallysweet. Thedishwas____42____(initial)namedas“HoneyGinkgoNuts”,whichpeopledidn’tthinkpresentableand___43___(accept).Sincetheginkgofruitswerefromthe“mansionofpoetryandetiquette”,thisdish___44___(rename)“GinkgoNutsofPoetryandEtiquette”,whichcarriedprofoundmeanings,notonlyrememberingthe“FamilyEducationofPoetryandEtiquette”fromtheancestor,butalsoexpressingthe____45____(expect)thattheKongfamilywillbecomemoreprosperous.【答案】36.as37.planted38.emitting39.while##when40.toremove41.which42.initially43.acceptable44.wasrenamed45.expectation【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了菜肴“诗礼银杏果”的来历。【36题详解】考查介词。句意：其中一道菜用的是府邸里的银杏果作为食材。根据句意，表示用银杏果“作为”食材，应用介词as，其意为“作为，当”。故填as。【37题详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：府邸内的两棵银杏树，虽然是一千多年前种下的，但依然郁郁葱葱，高大挺拔。在when,while,if,asif,though(或although),as,until,once,whether,unless,where等连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和从句中的be动词。分析句子可知，“though　2　(plant)morethanonethousandyearsago”是让步状语从句，完整的表达是“thoughTwoginkgotreeswereplantedmorethanonethousandyearsago”，符合状语从句的省略条件，省略“Twoginkgotreeswere”后，保留过去分词planted。故填planted。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：果实大而饱满，散发着香味。分析句子可知，“(emit)scents”作伴随状语，emit是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语Thefruits之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，表示主动和同时发生。故填emitting。 【39题详解】考查状语从句。句意：厨师们只是把银杏果实从树上摘下来，在果实还新鲜的时候去皮。根据句意可知，“thefruitsarestillfresh”是时间状语从句，用从属连词while或when引导该从句，表示“当……的时候”。故填while或when。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：然后，他们把坚果放入沸水中煮一会儿，以去除异味。根据句意可知，“(remove)theoff-smell”是把坚果放入沸水中煮的目的，应用不定式，作目的状语。故填toremove。【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：当坚果变得又脆又嫩的时候，他们就把它们放进一种由糖和蜂蜜制成的特殊果汁里，这样就做成了一道菜，吃起来软软的，特别甜。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词adish，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：这道菜最初被命名为“蜂蜜银杏坚果”，人们认为这个名字不好看，也不能接受。提示词修饰谓语动词wasnamed，应用副词initially，作状语，意为“最初”。故填initially。【43题详解】考查形容词。句意：这道菜最初被命名为“蜂蜜银杏坚果”，人们认为这个名字不好看，也不能接受。提示词与形容词presentable是并列关系，作宾语补足语，应用形容词acceptable，意为“可接受的”。故填acceptable。【44题详解】考查动词语态。句意：由于银杏果实来自“诗礼府邸”，这道菜被改名为“诗礼银杏果”，寓意深刻，既缅怀祖先的“诗礼家训”，又表达了对孔氏家业兴旺的期待。分析句子可知，rename(重新命名，改名)是主句中谓语动词，与主语thisdish之间是被动关系，根据上下文可知，讲述过去的事情，应使用一般过去时态，又因主语是单数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。故填wasrenamed。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：由于银杏果实来自“诗礼府邸”，这道菜被改名为“诗礼银杏果”，寓意深刻，既缅怀祖先的“诗礼家训”，又表达了对孔氏家业兴旺的期待。根据句意和空前冠词the 可知，应用名词expectation，作宾语，意为“期待”。故填expectation。第三部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)46.假定你是李华,在生日前夕收到英国笔友George的祝福邮件。请你给George写一封回信。内容包括：1.表达感谢；2.分享生日愿望；3.邀请他线上参加生日聚会。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearGeorge,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearGeorge,Ireallyappreciateallthewonderfulwishesfromyoubecauseyoucanstillremembermeandmybirthday.IfeelsohappythatIhavetoexpressmygratefulfeelingforyoursincereloveandblessings.Onmypreviousbirthdays,mymotherboughtmeabigbirthdaycakeandcookeddeliciousfood,aswellasinvitedmyfriendstomyhouse.Wesangsongsandplayedthewholenight.ButthisyearIonlyhopethatallthepeoplearoundmearesafeandsound,witheverythinggoingsmoothly.Andmostimportantly,IdohopethattheepidemicofCOVID-19cancometoanendasearlyaspossible.ThisSundayismybirthday.Becauseoftheepidemic,Idecidedtoholdanonlinebirthdaypartywhichwouldbeginatseveno’clockp.m.Besuretocometomyspecialbirthdayparty.Yours,LiHua 【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给George写一封回信感谢他的生日祝福，并和他分享生日愿望，邀请他线上参加生日聚会。【详解】1.词汇积累安然无恙：safeandsound→niceandhealthy进展顺利：gosmoothly→workoutwell结束：cometoanend→beover由于：becauseof→dueto2.句式拓展同义句转换原句：Becauseoftheepidemic,Idecidedtoholdanonlinebirthdaypartywhichwouldbeginatseveno’clockp.m.转换句：Duetotheepidemic,Idecidedtoholdanonlinebirthdaypartywhichwouldbeginatseveno’clockp.m.【点睛】【高分句型1】ButthisyearIonlyhopethatallthepeoplearoundmearesafeandsound,witheverythinggoingsmoothly.（运用了with复合结构做伴随状语）【高分句型2】Becauseoftheepidemic,Idecidedtoholdanonlinebirthdaypartywhichwouldbeginatseveno’clockp.m.（运用了which引导的定语从句）第二节读后续写(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使其构成一篇完整的短文。Itwastheworstdayever.Infact,that’swhatwenamedit,allcaps:WORSTDAYEVER.TheexactdatewasMarch19,2007,andI’llneverforgetit.Thedaybeganasusual.Myhusband,Alan,amanagerworkingforanationalrestaurantchain,enteredhisofficeinourhometoparticipateinconferencecalls.Frommyspotinthekitchen,Icouldoverhearhisconversationwithhisboss.Itturnedoutthatmyfearswereconfirmed.Alan’spositionhadbeendismissed.Ihuggedmyhusbandasmyheartsank.Whatwerewegoingtodo?Wouldweloseourhouseifwecouldn’taffordtopayourmortgage(按揭贷款)?“We’llbefine,”hesaid.“Iknow,”Iresponded.But,frankly,neitherofuswasveryconvincing.Iwantedtocrawlbackinbedandpullthecoversovermyhead,butIhadtogotowork.So,Iquicklyshowered,dressed,andmademywaytowork.ItwasafewhoursintomyshiftwhenI receivedacallfromthedoctor’soffice.“Youhavecancer,”hestated.“What?”Itsoundedlikesomethingcompletelyridiculous,sinceIwasapositiveandhealthyrunner.ThatdayIforgothowIarrivedhome.Ithoughtabouthowwonderfulthingshadbeenupuntilthisday.AlanandIhadenjoyedahappylifeinourlovelysuburbanhome.Welovedourjobs,travelingandfancydinners.Itwasalltoogoodtolast,Ithought.Nowit’stimetopaybackforallthoseamazingyears.Iimaginedhospitalbeds,mybaldheadandworse.Ipreparedmyselfforafutureofcoping(应对),ornofutureatall.IcriedandAlanheldmeinhisarms.“Somedayinthefuture,we’regoingtowriteabouttoday,”hewhisperedinmyear,“andwe’llcallitWorstDayEver.”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Inthefollowingdays,webothgotrighttowork.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Afterseveralmonths,ourhardworkeventuallypaidoff.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Inthefollowingdays,webothgotrighttowork.Alanbegancallingeveryonehecouldthinkofwithpossibleconnectionsintherestaurantindustry.Hetirelesslyappliedandinterviewedfordozensofpositions.Wewereabletofindabrilliantoncologistwhoimmediatelybegantoperformintensivescansandotherteststodeterminethestageandseverityofmycancer.Timedraggedon.Ouranxietywashigh,butwekeptourheadsupandalwayslookedforward. Afterseveralmonths,ourhardworkeventuallypaidoff.Withinseveralmonths,Alanwasofferedanewpositionatathrivingrestaurantchain,withexcellentpayandterrificbenefits.Myoncologistcompletedhertests,andtheresultsweremorethanencouraging.WorstDayEveritselfstrippedawayallthetrivialstuffandshoneabrightspotlightonalltheimportantthings,likefaith,family,perseverance,love,andhealth.AlanandIwereblessedwithanabundanceofthesethings.We’llnever,evertakethemforgrantedagain.WorstDayEvertaughtushowtocherisheachone,onamuchdeeper,moreprofoundlevel.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和丈夫原本拥有喜欢的工作、经常旅行和享受豪华的晚餐，过着幸福的生活，但是却遭遇了最糟糕的一天，丈夫艾伦失业，作者被诊断患了癌症，但是两个人并没有消极，而是积极面对困难，最后丈夫找到了工作，作者的疾病也得到了控制，作者从中获得了许多感悟的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“接下来的日子，我们两个都开始行动”可知，第一段可描写作者的丈夫努力寻找工作，作者积极找专家治疗疾病，尽管非常焦虑担心，但是他们一直勇敢的生活的经过。②由第二段首句内容“几个月后，我们的努力终于有了回报。”可知，第二段可描写丈夫最终找到了工作，作者的疾病也好转以及作者的感悟。2.续写线索：找工作——积极治疗疾病——找到工作——疾病得到控制——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①.实施：perform/carryout②时间流逝：timedraggedon/timepassedon③.昂着头：keepourheadup/raiseourheadup情绪类①.焦虑：ouranxietywashigh/wewereveryconcerned②.感恩：beblessedwith/begratefulfor【点睛】[高分句型1].Wewereabletofindabrilliantoncologistwhoimmediatelybegantoperformintensivescansandotherteststodeterminethestageandseverityofmycancer.（运用了 who引导的定语和不定式作目的状语）[高分句型2].WorstDayEvertaughtushowtocherisheachoneonamuchdeeper,moreprofoundlevel.（运用了疑问词+不定式作宾语）