山东省滨州市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期5月月考校联考试题（Word版附解析）

2022~2023学年5月联合质量测评试题高二英语2023.05注意事项:1.本试卷由四个部分组成。满分150分,考试时间120分钟。2.考生作答时,请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效,在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whereareprobablythespeakers?A.Intheparkinglot.B.Intheshoppingmall.C.Inthecar.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Pleasedropmeoffhere.M:Sorry.Wecan’tstophere.Thisisafireexit.Noparkingisallowed.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howmuchhasthepriceofthedresscomedown?A.$70.B.$80.C.$150.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Isthatdressnew?W:Yes,Ijustboughtit.I’vewanteditforseveralmonths,butitwastooexpensive.Itwasoriginally$150butwasreducedfinallyto$80.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanmeanintheend? A.AliceisnotfullofenergyB.Aliceistooenthusiastic.C.Aliceisnotsuitableforthejob.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Well,doyouthinkAliceissuitableforthejob?M:Yes,shehaslotsofenergyandsheisenthusiastic.W:Hmm…Butwhatwereallyneedisthepersonwhohassufficientexperience.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthemainideaoftheconversation?A.Anidea.B.Anannouncement.C.Adustbin.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Didyouseethenewnotice?Allgarbagecanonlybethrownintothebinsafterbeingsortedfromnextmonth.Thosewhoviolatethismeasurewillbefined200yuan.M:Butgarbagesortingoftenconfusesme.IamafraidthatIcan’tdoitcorrectly.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthewomangoingtodofirst?A.Changeherclothes.B.Gototheyogaroom.C.Takeasaunabath.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Doyouhaveagym?Iwanttodoyoga.M:Yeah,itisonthesecondfloor,nexttothesauna.W:Okay,I’llgoafterIgetdressed.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers? A.Teacherandstudent.B.Classmates.C.Familymembers.7.Whatdoesthewomanadvisetheboytodo?A.Takebetternotes.B.Havemoreself-reflection.C.Readalittlemore.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】M:MissWatson,doyouhaveaminute?W:Ofcourse.What’sthematter?M:IwanttoknowifIamdoingOK.W:Let’sseeyourscoressofar.DoyouthinkyouaredoingOK?M:IamafraidthatImightnotdoallthatwell.W:IseethatyouaredoingOKinsomeareas,butnotsowellinothers.M:IthinkIcouldtakebetternotesandreadalittlemore.W:Youcangreatlyimproveyourgradesbyalwaysreflectingonwhatyoucanimproveon.M:I’llworkonit!W:JustdoyourbestandIamsurethatyouwillgetsomeimprovement.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.WheredoesBethprobablyworknow?AAtarestaurant.B.Inalawfirm.C.Inaschool.9.WhydidBethquitherpreviousjob?A.Shefounditstressful.B.Shedislikedhercolleagues.C.Shewasunsatisfiedwiththesalary.10.HowdoesWilliamfeelabouthisjob?A.Totallydisappointed.B.Generallycontent.C.Abitconfused.【答案】8.C9.A10.B【解析】【原文】M:Hey,Beth,overhere.W:Oh,William.Howhaveyoubeen?M:I’mdoingfine.Howaboutyou?Doyouworkorstudy? W:I’mokay.I’mcurrentlyanEnglishteacher.Andyou?M:Ididn’tgotocollege.Iwentstraighttocookingclassesandfoundjobs.AndnowI’mworkingasachef.Whydoyouchoosethatjob?W:Iwaspreviouslyalawyerandfoundittobestressfulandneverhadanyfreetime.SoIquititandfoundthecurrentjob.M:Didyouhaveapassionforteaching?W:Yes,sinceIwasachild.Youalsolikecooking,right?M:Yes.Workingatarestaurantisexhausting,butpeoplearesonicetome.AndI’msatisfiedwithmysalary.Doyouenjoyyourjob?W:Mostofthetime.It’sveryrewardingtobeabletohelpothers,andthestudentshereareveryhardworking.M:Anddoyougetonwellwithyourco-workers?W:Sure.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whatdoesthewomancomplainabout?A.Thebuildingsecurity.B.Thebuildingpolicy.C.Theloudmusic12.Whendoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?AInthemorning.B.Intheafternoon.C.Intheevening.13.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Talktohisneighbor.B.Gotothe16thfloor.C.Turnoffthemusicplayer.【答案】11.C12.C13.B【解析】【原文】W:Hi,isthisthebuildingsecurityoffice?M:Yes.WhatcanIhelpyouwith?W:I’mSharon,aresidentofthisbuilding.Iliveonthe16thfloorandIwanttoreportaproblem.M:Yes,canyoubemorespecific?W:Myneighborisplayingmusicloud.M:OK,calmdown,madam.Whatisyourneighbor’snameandhousenumber?W:Idon’tknowhernamebutherhousenumberis1602.M:Hadyouspokentoheraboutthisproblem? W:Yes,andshesaiditwasherbirthdayparty.ButIhavetogetupearlytomorrow.M:Iunderstand.Ourbuildingpolicydoesn’tallowresidentstoplaymusicloudlyafter8:00p.m.W:Ibelieveotherpeoplewholiveonourfloorfeeluncomfortable,too.M:Yes,madam.Don’tworry,I’llgettheremyselftotalktoher.Yourproblemwillbesolvedverysoon.W:Thatwouldbenice.Thankyousomuch.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatisthemandoingatfirst?A.Confirmingsomeinformation.B.Complimentingthewoman.C.Givingdirections.15.Wheredidthemanattenduniversity?A.IntheUS.B.InCanada.C.IntheUK.16.Whatdoesthemando?A.He’sajournalist.B.He’saneditor.C.He’saprogrammer.17.WhatisthemainreasonforthemantocometoChina?A.Towork.B.Toseeafriend.C.Togosightseeing.【答案】14.A15.B16.B17.A【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme,doesthissubwaygototheBakeryCafe?W:Yes.Youhave6stopsleft.Oh,Ilikeyouraccentverymuch.AreyouanEnglishnativespeaker?M:Thanks.IwasborninLondon.W:Oh?Didyougrowupthere?M:No,IgrewupinManchester.MyfamilymovedtoManchesterwhenIwasjustakid.W:WheredidyougotocollegeifImayask?M:IwenttocollegeinOntario,Canada.W:Whatdidyoumajorin?M:Imajoredincomputerscienceatfirst,butIwasnotinterestedinit.SoIchangedmymajorandfocusedonjournalism.W:Oh,that’sreallycool.Andwhendidyoufinishcollege?M:Intheyear2020.ThenIwenttoNewYorkandstartedworkingasaneditorforamagazine.I’mstillthere. W:Great!SodoyoucometoChinaforsightseeing?M:No.Imainlycometovisitapartnercompany.NowIhavealittlesparetime,soIamonthewaytoseemyfriend.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.WhatpercentageofseniorsintheUKwouldtalkwiththreepeopleaweekatmost?A.About55%.B.Just26%.C.Over20%.19.Whatweremorethanhalfofseniorsafraidof?A.Leavingtheirhomes.B.Partingfromtheirchildren.C.Takingearlyretirement.20.Whatdidthesurveyof2,000Britishaged16—45show?A.Aminorityofthemworriedabouttheirelderyears.B.One-thirdofthemwantedtohelpseniors.C.30%ofthemfelttooshytotalkwithseniors.【答案】18.C19.A20.C【解析】【原文】M:Accordingtothesurveyof1,896seniorsintheUnitedKingdom,morethanoneinfivewouldhaveaconversationwithnomorethanthreepeopleoverthespanofanentireweek!Thattranslatedtonearly2.6millionelderlyfolkswhodidn’tenjoyregularhumancontactonadailybasis.Perhapsthemostalarmingisthatresearcherssaidanalarming225,000individualswouldgoaweekwithouttalkingtoanyoneface-to-face.Thesurveyalsorevealedthatoverhalfofseniorswerewillingtotakeearlyretirement.Theysaidtheyknewtheycouldbetakengoodcareofiftheytooktheirchildren’sadvice,movingintothenursinghomes.Buttheywereunabletoacceptthisidea.Theyweresoscaredofleavingtheironlyhomestheyhadlivedformostoftheirlives.Meanwhile,anothersurveyof2,000peopleaged16-45intheUKshowedthat55%ofyoungerfolksadmittedtoworryingaboutbeinglonelyintheirelderyears.Withthatinmind,two-thirdsofthosepeoplesaidtheywantedtodosomethingtohelpboosttheconfidenceofalonelysenior,but37%worriedthatsuchagesturewouldn’tbewell-received.Another30%felttooshytosparkupaconversationwithseniors.27%admittedtheywerenotsurehowtohelp,andaquartersaidtheyweresimplytoobusythemselves.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A BestspringdestinationsinTibetTheQinghai-TibetPlateauhaslongbeenanidealandmysteriousdestinationforvisitorswhoarepassionateaboutexploringremotelands.HerewerecommendsomeofthebesttouristdestinationsinTibet.PeachBlossomValley,NyingchiThepeachblossomsinNyingchihavebeendubbedas“themostbeautifulpeachflowersintheworld”.Theannualfestivalhasbecomeasignaturetourismeventontheplateau.Peachtreesbloomdependingonthealtitudeandclimate,sovisitorswillhavethechancetoenjoytheblossoms.RanwuLakeRanwuLakeisrenownedforitstranquilityanditspurityofblueness.Sceneryalongthelakesidevariesagooddealwithgrass,forest,autumnleaves,whitewaterfowlandcolorfulpebblesclearlyreflectedinthemirror-likewater.Springcoming,areflectionofgreentreesdancesonthelakeandpeoplefeelliketheyarewalkingintoaromanticdreamland.TheYarlungZangboRiverGrandCanyonTheGrandCanyonisthedeepestcanyonintheworld.Withatotallengthofabout500kilometers,itsaltitudespansfrom7,782metersto550metersaroundtheYarlungZangboRiverValley.Visitorscanenjoyboththepeachblossomsandthesnow-cappedmountains.NanyiValleyNanyiValleyisknownas“thehighestgreenmysteriousplaceonEarth”.Surroundedbymountainsandshroudedinclouds,NanyiValleyisanidealspringdestinationforvisitors,whereyoucanfindpeachandazaleablossomseverywhere.Therearesomeotherattractions.Moreinformation,pleasebrowsehttp://en.chinaculture.org/.21.Ifyoupreferthepeaceandtheclearsky,whichdestinationwillyouchoose?A.PeachBlossomValley,Nyingchi.B.RanwuLake.C.TheYarlungZangboRiverGrandCanyon.D.NanyiValley.22.WhatdoPeachBlossomValley,NyingchiandNanyiValleyhaveincommon?A.Appreciatingazaleaflowers.B.Watchingwhitewaterfowl.C.Enjoyingpeachblossoms.D.Admiringsnow-cappedmountains.23.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Abookreview.B.Amagazine.C.Atravelbrochure.D.Awebsite.【答案】21.B22.C23.D【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要推荐了四个西藏值得去的旅游目的地。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据RanwuLake部分的“RanwuLakeisrenownedforitstranquilityanditspurityofblueness.(然乌湖以其宁静和纯净的蓝色而闻名。)”可知，然乌湖由于它的宁静和纯净的蓝色而闻名，由此可知，如果你喜欢宁静和晴朗的天空，然乌湖是你选择的目的地。故选B项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据PeachBlossomValley,Nyingchi部分的“Peachtreesbloomdependingonthealtitudeandclimate,sovisitorswillhavethechancetoenjoytheblossoms.(桃树开花取决于海拔和气候，所以游客将有机会欣赏桃花。)”，以及TheYarlungZangboRiverGrandCanyon部分中的“Visitorscanenjoyboththepeachblossomsandthesnow-cappedmountains.(游客可以欣赏桃花和雪山。)”和NanyiValley部分中的“Surroundedbymountainsandshroudedinclouds,NanyiValleyisanidealspringdestinationforvisitors,whereyoucanfindpeachandazaleablossomseverywhere.(群山环抱，云雾缭绕，南一谷是游客们春天的理想去处，在这里你可以看到到处都是桃花和杜鹃花。)”可知，在以上三个地方都有机会欣赏到桃花，所以这三处的共同之处是可以欣赏桃花盛开。故选C项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Therearesomeotherattractions.Moreinformation,pleasebrowsehttp://en.chinaculture.org/.(还有其他一些吸引人的地方。更多信息，请浏览http://en.chinaculture.org/。)”可知，还有其他的景点，可以浏览网站了解更多信息，所以本文出自一个网站。故选D项。BYvonChouinard,whostartedthecompanyPatagonia,gaveallthestocksofthecompanytoatrustandanon-profitgroupinSeptember2022.MrChouinardisarockclimberwhobeganclimbinginthe1960s.Backthen,hecreatedacompanythatmadeclimbingequipment.Thebusinessclosed,butMrChouinardwasleftwithalifelongloveoftheoutdoorsandarespectfortheenvironment.MrChouinardbeganPatagoniainthe1970s.Patagoniasellsclothesaimedatoutdooractivities.Overtime,thecompanychangedthewayitdidbusinesstodoabetterjobofprotectingtheenvironment.Since1986,Patagoniahasgiven1%ofthemoneyitmakesfromsalestogroupsthatworktoprotecttheenvironment.MrChouinard,whoisnow83yearsold,wasworriedaboutwhatmighthappenedafterhedied.Hemadethedecisionafterconsideringotheroptions,includingsellingthecompanyanddonatingtheprofits.“Butwecouldn’tbesureanewownerwouldmaintainourvaluesorkeepourteamofpeoplearoundtheworldemployed,”hesaid.Sohecameupwithanewandunusualplan:hegavehiscompanyaway.Andhediditinawaythathelpedprotectboththe companyandtheenvironment.MrChouinardgaveawayallthevotingstockofthecompany(2%ofthetotalstock)toasmallgroupcalledthePatagoniaPurposeTrust.Itwillmakeallthedecisionsaboutthewaythecompanyismanaged.Theother98%ofthecompanyhasbeengiventoanon-profitgroupcalledtheHoldfastCollectiveanditwilluseeverydollarreceivedfromPatagoniatoprotectnatureandbiodiversity.24.WhatdoweknowaboutPatagonia?A.Ithasahistoryofmorethan60years.B.Itisacompanymakingclimbingequipment.C.Itpaysspecialattentiontoenvironmentalprotection.D.Itisanon-profitorganizationfightingagainstclimatechange.25.WhatwasMrChouinard’sconcernaboutsellingthecompany?A.Patagoniawouldbecomenon-profit.B.Patagoniawouldberuninadifferentway.CPatagoniawouldbemanagedinthewronghand.D.Patagoniawouldencounteragreateconomicchallenge.26.WhatareMrChouinard’spersonalities?A.TolerantandgenerousB.Caringandfar-sightedC.Hardworkingandwarm-heartedD.Optimisticandperseverant27.WhichproverbcanbestdescribeMrChouinard’splan?A.Killtwobirdswithastone.B.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.D.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.【答案】24.C25.B26.B27.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍的是Patagonia公司的创始人YvonChouinard把公司的股票交给了以及信托基金机构和非营利性组织。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thebusinessclosed,butMrChouinardwasleftwithalifelongloveoftheoutdoorsandarespectfortheenvironment.(这家公司倒闭了，但Chouinard先生留下了对户外活动的终身热爱和对环境的尊重。)”以及第三段中的“Overtime,thecompanychangedthewayitdidbusinesstodoabetterjobofprotectingtheenvironment.Since1986,Patagoniahasgiven1%ofthemoneyitmakesfromsalestogroupsthat worktoprotecttheenvironment.(随着时间的推移，该公司改变了经营方式，以更好地保护环境。)”可知，Chouinard终生热爱户外活动，尊敬大自然，他所创建的公司Patagonia改变经营方式为了更好地保护环境，由此可知，Patagonia公司特别关注环保问题。故选C项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“MrChouinard,whoisnow83yearsold,wasworriedaboutwhatmighthappenedafterhedied.Hemadethedecisionafterconsideringotheroptions,includingsellingthecompanyanddonatingtheprofits.“Butwecouldn’tbesureanewownerwouldmaintainourvaluesorkeepourteamofpeoplearoundtheworldemployed,”hesaid.(现年83岁的Chouinard担心自己死后会发生什么。他在考虑了其他选择后做出了决定，包括出售公司和捐赠利润。“但我们不能确定新东家是否会维持我们的价值观，或者让我们在世界各地的团队继续受雇，”他说。)”可知，MrChouinard决定卖掉公司并捐赠利润，但是不能确保新的公司会继续保持他们原来的价值观或保证团队在世界各地就业，由此可知，Patagonia担心卖掉供公司后，新公司可能会按照新的方式管理公司。故选B项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“MrChouinardbeganPatagoniainthe1970s.Patagoniasellsclothesaimedatoutdooractivities.Overtime,thecompanychangedthewayitdidbusinesstodoabetterjobofprotectingtheenvironment.(Chouinard先生在20世纪70年代创立了巴塔哥尼亚。巴塔哥尼亚出售针对户外活动的服装。随着时间的推移，该公司改变了经营方式，以更好地保护环境。)”可知，MrChouinard在20世界70年代创办了服装公司Patagonia，出售针对户外活动的服装，而后改变经营方式为了更好地保护环境，由此可知，他是个有远见的人，根据第四段中的““Butwecouldn’tbesureanewownerwouldmaintainourvaluesorkeepourteamofpeoplearoundtheworldemployed,”hesaid.(“但我们不能确定新东家是否会维持我们的价值观，或者让我们在世界各地的团队继续受雇，”他说。)”可知，在他决定卖掉公司时，担心新公司主人会不会继续保持他们的价值观，也担心团队的人在世界各地的就业问题，由此可知，他是一个有爱心的人。故选B项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的““Butwecouldn’tbesureanewownerwouldmaintainourvaluesorkeepourteamofpeoplearoundtheworldemployed,”hesaid.Sohecameupwithanewandunusualplan:hegavehiscompanyaway.Andhediditinawaythathelpedprotectboththecompanyandtheenvironment.(“但我们不能确定新东家是否会维持我们的价值观，或者让我们在世界各地的团队继续受雇，”他说。于是，他想出了一个不同寻常的新计划:把自己的公司送人。他这样做的方式既保护了公司，也保护了环境。)”可知，MrChouinard担心卖掉公司后，新公司会改变他们的管理方式，所以他决定把公司捐出去，这样就可以按照既能帮助保护公司又能保护环境的方式管理公司，由此可以得出，MrChouinard的计划可用“一石二鸟” 来概括。故选A项。CArobotmaybedefinedasamachinethatcanbeprogrammedtoperformactsautomatically.Withtheincreaseinhightechnology,robotsaretakingoverboringorinconvenientworkinmanyareasoflife.Oneareawhererobotsaremakinganappearanceisfarming.Thereisaroboticrevolutiongoingoninthemilkingindustry,andcows,aswellasfarmersareexperiencingthebenefits.Theadvantageforthecowsisthattheycanchoosewhenandhowmanytimesadaytheywanttobemilked.Ontheotherhand,farmersnolongerhavetogetupat4ameverydaytogotothemilkingshedsandthismakesahugedifferencetotheirwayoflife.Intraditionalfarming,cowsaremilkedtwiceaday,inthemorningandtheevening,mainlybecause:thisisthemostconvenientwayforfarmerstogettwomilkingsessionscompletedinoneday.However,thisisnotnecessarilythebestwayforeachindividualcow.Becausetherobotsareprogrammedtomilkthecowswhenevertheyarrive,thecowscanbemilkedonce,twiceorevenfourtimesaday.Itisanentirelyvoluntarysystemforthecows.Theydecide.Farmersreportthatmidnightisaparticularlybusytimeatthemilkingshed.Theinterestingthingisthecowslikethesystemoncetheygetusedtoit.Farmersreportthatmilkproductionincreases,thecowslivelongerandtheyseemfarmorerelaxed.Thecomputerizedroboticsystemisentirelyautomatic.Asthecowsenterthefacility,theyareweighed,milkedandproductivityandhealthchecksarecarriedout.Thefacilitycleansitselfatregularintervals(间隔)andifthereisaproblem,therobotsendsthefarmeramessage.Equippingafarmwithrobotsisnotcheap.However,farmerswhohaveinstalledtheroboticmilkingsheds,saytheywouldnevergobacktotheoldsystem.Thecommonlyreportedsightofcowsqueuingpatientlyinfrontoftheirfavouriterobotmustmeanthecowslikeittoo.28.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Totalkaboutakindofrobot.B.Totelltheimportanceofrobots.C.Tointroducetheapplicationsofrobots.D.Toprovidethedefinitionofroboticsystem.29.Whatbenefitmayrobotsbringtothecowsaccordingtothetext?A.Theycanbefreertobemilked.B.Theycanbemilkedtwiceaday.C.Theycanchoosethedaytobemilked.D.Theycangetupat4amtobemilked.30.Whichofthefollowingwouldtheauthorprobablyagree?A.Theroboticsystemisentirelyautomaticexceptforhealthchecks.B.Theroboticsystemissoexpensivethatfarmerswillneverinstallone. C.Theroboticsystemisvoluntaryforcowstobemilkedoftheirownfreewill.D.Morningandeveningarethetwomostconvenientmilkingsessionsforcows.31.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AroboticrevolutioninmilkingB.CowsfavouritehelperC.HandsfreeforthefarmersD.Anexpensivemilkingshed【答案】28.C29.A30.C31.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种挤奶机器人，奶牛和农民都能从使用机器人中受益。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Arobotmaybedefinedasamachinethatcanbeprogrammedtoperformactsautomatically.Withtheincreaseinhightechnology,robotsaretakingoverboringorinconvenientworkinmanyareasoflife.(机器人可以被定义为一种可以通过编程自动执行动作的机器。随着高科技的发展，机器人正在接管生活中许多枯燥或不方便的工作。)”可知，第一段的目的是介绍机器人的应用。故选C项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Theadvantageforthecowsisthattheycanchoosewhenandhowmanytimesadaytheywanttobemilked.(对奶牛来说，这样做的好处是它们可以选择每天什么时候挤奶以及挤奶多少次)”可知，机器人给奶牛带来的好处是它们可以更自由地被挤奶。故选A项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Becausetherobotsareprogrammedtomilkthecowswhenevertheyarrive,thecowscanbemilkedonce,twiceorevenfourtimesaday.Itisanentirelyvoluntarysystemforthecows.(由于机器人经过编程，只要它们到达，就会给奶牛挤奶，因此每天可以给奶牛挤奶一次、两次甚至四次。对奶牛来说，这是一个完全自愿的制度)”可推知，作者可能会同意机器人系统是自愿的，奶牛可以根据自己的意愿挤奶。故选C项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Oneareawhererobotsaremakinganappearanceisfarming.Thereisaroboticrevolutiongoingoninthemilkingindustry,andcows,aswellasfarmersareexperiencingthebenefits.(机器人正在出现的一个领域是农业。挤奶行业正在进行一场机器人革命，奶牛和农民都在从中受益)”再结合全文可知，本文主要讲述了一种挤奶机器人，以及它对奶牛和农民的好处，所以A项“挤奶的机器人改革”是本文最好的标题。故选A项。DThosewhodon’tliveincitiesoftencomplainaboutorfeelsurprisedatthefactthatstrangersdon’ttalkto eachotherinurbanpublicplaces.Theyfeelsorryaboutthewayweseemtoincreasinglygetlostinmobiledevices,seeminglyoblivioustowhat’sgoingonaroundus.Butsociologistsrecognizethatthespacewegiveeachotherintheurbanplacesservesanimportantsocialfunction.Well-knownsociologistErvingGoffmandevelopedtheconceptof“civilinattention”inhisbookBehaviorinPublicPlaces.Farfromignoringthosearoundus,Goffmanprovedthroughyearsofstudyingpeopleinpublicthatwhatwe’reactuallydoingispretendingtobeunawareofwhatothersaredoingaroundus,thereforeprovidingthemasenseofprivacy,astheydothesameforus.Goffmanprovedinhisresearchthatcivilinattentiontypicallyinvolvesatfirstamirrorformofsocialinteraction,likeverybriefeyecontact,theexchangeofheadnods,orweaksmiles.Followingthat,bothpartiesthentypicallyshintheireyesfromtheotherparty.Goffmantheorizedthatwhatweachieve,sociallyspeaking,withthiskindofinteraction,ismutual(相互的)recognitionthattheotherpresentcausesnothreattooursecurity,andwebothagree,tacitly(默契地),tolettheotheralonetodoastheyplease.Whenweprovidecivilinattentiontoothers,weeffectivelyapprovetheirbehavior.Sometimes,weusecivilinattentiontosavefacewhenwe’vedonesomethingwefeelembarrassedby,ortohelpmanagetheembarrassmentthatanothermightfeelifwewitnessthemtrip,ordropsomething.Civilinattentionisthusnotaproblem,butanimportantpartofmaintainingsocialorderinpublic.Forthisreason,problemsarisewhenthisnorm(规范)isbroken.Becauseweexpectitfromothersandseeitasnormalbehavior,wemayfeelthreatenedbysomeonewhodoesn’tgiveittous.Thisiswhywomenfeelthreatenedbythosewhocatcall(发嘘声)tothem,andwhyforsomemen,simplybeingstaredatbyanotherisenoughtocauseaphysicalfight.32.Howdoestheauthorbeginthistext?A.Bygivingpeopleawarning.B.Bygivingsomepeople’sfeelings.C.Byexplainingawayofsocializing.D.Bygivingaproblemwithtechnology.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“obliviousto”inParagraph1mostprobablymean?A.curiousaboutB.unsureaboutC.tiredofD.unawareof34.Whatdoweactuallymeanwhenwelookawayfromastranger,accordingtoGoffman?A.Weareignoringhimonarudebasis. B.Weareshowingourrespectforothers’privacy.C.Weareprotectingourselvesfromphysicalattacks.D.Weareworryingthatwecouldlosebelongings.35.Whatcanbelearnedfromthetextaboutcivilinattention?A.Civilinattentionhaspositiveeffectsonsocialinteraction.B.Civilinattentionhelpssavefacewhenwe’vedonesomethingwrong.C.CivilinattentionisunlinkedtosocialinteractionaccordingtoGoffman.D.Civilinattentionisatypeofnormalbehaviorwhichwemayfeelthreatened.【答案】32.C33.D34.B35.A【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。城市中陌生人不愿意在公众场合进行过多交谈，社会学家Goffman提出了“礼貌性疏忽”这一概念，认为这在社交互动生活中有着积极的影响。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Thosewhodon’tliveincitiesoftencomplainaboutorfeelsurprisedatthefactthatstrangersdon’ttalktoeachotherinurbanpublicplaces.Theyfeelsorryaboutthewayweseemtoincreasinglygetlostinmobiledevices(那些不住在城市里的人经常抱怨或对陌生人在城市公共场所不说话感到惊讶。他们对我们越来越多地沉迷于移动设备感到遗憾)”及“Butsociologistsrecognizethatthespacewegiveeachotherintheurbanplacesservesanimportantsocialfunction.(但社会学家认识到，我们在城市中给彼此的空间发挥着重要的社会功能)”可知，文章第一段通过解释一种社交方式来开始叙述。故选C项。【33题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第一段“Theyfeelsorryaboutthewayweseemtoincreasinglygetlostinmobiledevices(他们对我们越来越多地沉迷于移动设备感到遗憾)”可知，我们越来越多地沉迷于移动设备，对于身边发生的事情是不关注的，obliviousto与unawareof为近义词，表示“对……是无意识的”。故选D项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Farfromignoringthosearoundus,Goffmanprovedthroughyearsofstudyingpeopleinpublicthatwhatwe’reactuallydoingispretendingtobeunawareofwhatothersaredoingaroundus,thereforeprovidingthemasenseofprivacy,astheydothesameforus.Goffmanprovedinhisresearchthatcivilinattentiontypicallyinvolvesatfirstamirrorformofsocialinteraction,likeverybriefeyecontact,theexchangeofheadnods,orweaksmiles.Followingthat,bothpartiesthentypicallyshintheireyesfromtheotherparty.(戈夫曼 并没有忽视我们周围的人，而是通过多年在公共场合对人们的研究证明，我们实际上在做的是假装不知道周围的人在做什么，从而为他们提供一种隐私感，因为他们也在为我们做同样的事情。戈夫曼在他的研究中证明，礼貌性疏忽通常首先包括一种镜像形式的社会互动，比如非常短暂的眼神交流、点头交换或微弱的微笑。在这之后，双方通常会把目光从对方身上移开。)”可知，当我们把目光从陌生人身上移开时，我们是在表达对他人隐私的尊重。故选B项。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Goffmantheorizedthatwhatweachieve,sociallyspeaking,withthiskindofinteraction,ismutualrecognitionthattheotherpresentcausesnothreattooursecurity,andwebothagree,tacitly,tolettheotheralonetodoastheyplease.(戈夫曼的理论是，从社会的角度来说，我们通过这种互动所取得的成就是，我们相互认识到，在场的另一个人不会对我们的安全造成威胁，我们都心照不实地同意让另一个人去做他们喜欢做的事)”及最后一段“Civilinattentionisthusnotaproblem,butanimportantpartofmaintainingsocialorderinpublic.(因此，礼貌性疏忽不是一个问题，而是维护公共社会秩序的重要组成部分)”可知，礼貌性疏忽对社会互动有积极影响。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Almost40%ofpeoplesurveyedin13countrieshavereportedsleepissuesoverthepasttwoyears,accordingtotheJournalofClinicalSleepMedicine.It’snormaltowakeupatnight,especiallyasyouage,butnegativenewscanactivateyourmindandmakeithardtofallasleep.____36____Thefollowingtipscanhelp,too.Testyourpillow.Ifyouboughtyourpillowin2020,guesswhat?It’salreadyold.TheNationalSleepFoundationrecommendsreplacingthemeveryonetotwoyears.Apillowpastitsprimecancauseneckandshoulderpain—andrestlesssleep.____37____Ifyousleeponyourback,lookforathinnerpillow.Ifyousleeponyourside,athickerpillowisbetter.Getactiveduringtheday.____38____Itcanalsoincreasetheamountoftimeyouspendinthedeepstagesofsleepatnight.Trytostayactiveduringthedaybyparticipatinginactivitiesthatyouenjoy.Justdon’tworkouttooclosetobedtimeoritmayfurtherinterferewithyoursleep.____39____Wanttoreducethoseannoyingnighttimetripstothebathroom?Cutbackonpeanutsandcrisps.InaJapanesestudy,researchersfollowed321patientswithhigh-saltdietsandsleepissuesfor12weeks.Whenpeoplecutdown onsalt,theiraveragebathroomtripsdecreasedfromtwiceanighttoonce.Tackleyourtroublesbeforedinner.Ifyouneedanairingofgrievances,don’twaituntilnighttime.“Rightbeforedinnerisagoodtimetoworkthingsout,”saysAshleyMason,aprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia.Ifyoustartanargumentafterdinner,yourquarrelingcancontinueuntilbedtime.____40____A.Keepahealthydiet.B.Skipsaltysnacksbeforebed.CRegularexercisecanhelpeasestressandanxiety.D.Apillowisreallyofgreatimportancetoyoursleep.E.Topurchasetherightone,determineyoursleepstyle.F.Simplestepssuchasturningoffscreens30minutesbeforebedtimecanhelp.G.Oneresearchevensuggeststhatgoingtobedangrymaymakeyoubad-temperednextmorning.【答案】36.F37.E38.C39.B40.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章提出了一些有助于睡眠的建议。【36题详解】上文“It’snormaltowakeupatnight,especiallyasyouage,butnegativenewscanactivateyourmindandmakeithardtofallasleep.(晚上醒来是很正常的，尤其是随着年龄的增长，但负面新闻会激活你的大脑，让你难以入睡。)”提到负面新闻影响睡眠，因此空处提议睡前关掉屏幕，不要看新闻。F项：Simplestepssuchasturningoffscreens30minutesbeforebedtimecanhelp.(睡前30分钟关掉屏幕等简单的步骤会有所帮助。)符合语境。故选F。【37题详解】下文“Ifyousleeponyourback,lookforathinnerpillow.Ifyousleeponyourside,athickerpillowisbetter.(如果你仰卧着睡，找一个薄一点的枕头。如果你侧卧着睡，枕头越厚越好。)”提到不同的睡眠方式影响枕头的选择。E项：Topurchasetherightone,determineyoursleepstyle.(要想买到合适的，先确定你的睡眠方式。)符合语境。故选E。【38题详解】根据段落小标题“Getactiveduringtheday.(白天要活跃起来。)”可知，本段提到要通过锻炼来促进睡眠质量的提高，C项中的“Regularexercise”和标题中“getactive”对应。C项：Regularexercisecanhelpeasestressandanxiety.(经常锻炼可以帮助缓解压力和焦虑。)符合语境。故选C。 【39题详解】空处为段落小标题。根据下文“InaJapanesestudy,researchersfollowed321patientswithhigh-saltdietsandsleepissuesfor12weeks.Whenpeoplecutdownonsalt,theiraveragebathroomtripsdecreasedfromtwiceanighttoonce.(在日本的一项研究中，研究人员对321名患有高盐饮食和睡眠问题的患者进行了为期12周的跟踪调查。当人们减少盐的摄入量时，他们平均每晚上厕所的次数从两次减少到一次。晚饭前解决你的烦恼。)”可知，本段建议睡前不要吃咸的零食。B项：Skipsaltysnacksbeforebed.(睡前不要吃咸的零食。)符合语境。故选B。【40题详解】根据上文“Ifyoustartanargumentafterdinner,yourquarrelingcancontinueuntilbedtime.(如果你在晚饭后开始争吵，你的争吵可能会持续到睡觉时间。)”可知，空处承接上文，提出睡前生气的坏处。G项：Oneresearchevensuggeststhatgoingtobedangrymaymakeyoubad-temperednextmorning.(一项研究甚至表明，带着怒气上床睡觉可能会让你第二天早上脾气变坏。)符合语境。故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AIwasaskilledartist,apotter.Hehadawifeandtwosons.Onenight,hisolderson____41____aseverestomachache.Thinkingitwasonlycommonintestinal(肠的)____42____,thecoupledidn’ttakeitseriously.Butthediseasewasactually____43____appendicitis(阑尾炎),andtheboydiedthatnight.Knowingthedeathcouldhavebeen____44____,AI’semotionalhealthworsenedundertheenormousburdenofhis____45____.Tomakemattersworse,hiswifelefthimsoon,leavinghimalonewithhissix-year-oldson.AIcouldnot____46____thehurtandpain,andheturnedtoalcohol.Asthealcoholism____47____,AIbegantoloseeverything-hishomeandhisartobjects.____48____AIdiedaloneinamotel.HearingofAl’sdeath,Ireactedwithdisdain(鄙视).“Whatacomplete____49____!”Astimepassed,Ibeganto_____50_____myearlierharshjudgment.IknewAI’snowadultson,Ernie,isoneofthekindest,mostcaring,mostlovingmen.OnedayI_____51_____mycouragetoaskhim,“Whatonearthdidhedosothatyoubecamesuchaspecialperson?”Erniesatquietly,_____52_____forafewmomentsandsaid,“FrommymemoriesasachilduntilIlefthome,AIcameintomyroomeverynightandgavemeakiss,saying,‘loveyou,son.’”TearscametomyeyesasIrealizedwhata_____53_____IhadbeentojudgeAlasaloser.Hehadnotleftanymaterial_____54_____behind.Butasakindlovingfather,heleftbehindoneofthefinest,most_____55_____menIhaveeverknown. 41.A.diagnosedB.developedC.infectedD.expanded42.A.divisionB.frictionC.disorderD.invasion43.A.acuteB.secureC.crucialD.essential44.A.eliminatedB.restrictedC.weakenedD.prevented45.A.pessimismB.dilemmaC.guiltD.despair46.A.exposeB.estimateC.reduceD.tackle47.A.explodedB.progressedC.enduredD.prospered48.A.ApparentlyB.DramaticallyC.EventuallyD.Instinctively49.A.failureB.surpriseC.incidentD.shock50.A.reaffirmB.reevaluateC.reuniteD.reproduce51.A.gatheredupB.brokeupC.endedupD.usedup52.A.recognizedB.anticipatedC.reflectedD.emphasized53.A.specialistB.educatorC.opponentD.fool54.A.reputationB.possessionsC.ambitionsD.affection55.A.takingB.insistingC.assistingD.giving【答案】41.B42.C43.A44.D45.C46.D47.B48.C49.A50.B51.A52.C53.D54.B55.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。AI无法面对家庭变故，转而酗酒，导致自己变得一无所有，最终孤独离世，作者给他贴了“一个彻底的失败者”的标签，而随着时间的推移，当得知AI对他的儿子Ernie的教育使得儿子那么优秀，作者认识到了自己的愚蠢。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，他的大儿子胃痛得厉害。A.diagnosed确诊；B.developed患病；C.infected感染；D.expanded扩展。根据句中aseverestomachache，此处考查动词短语developaseverestomachache，意为“胃痛得厉害”。故选B项。【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇以为这只是常见的肠道疾病，并没有把它当回事。A.division分裂；B.friction摩擦；C.disorder紊乱；D.invasion入侵。根据上文“Onenight,hisoldersondevelopedaseverestomachache.(一天晚上，他的大儿子胃痛得厉害。)”可知，夫妇两人认为孩子肠胃失调（disorder），是一种常见病，故选C项。【43题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这种病实际上是急性阑尾炎，男孩当晚就死了。A.acute危险的；急性的；B.secure安全的；C.crucial关键的；D.essential必需的。根据上文“Thinkingitwasonlycommonintestinal(肠的)____2____,thecoupledidn’ttakeitseriously.(这对夫妇以为这只是常见的肠道疾病，并没有把它当回事。)”，以及句中的andtheboydiedthatnight可知，男孩患了急性（acute）阑尾炎，没有及时就医，死了。故选A项。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道死亡本来是可以避免的，AI的情绪健康在巨大的内疚负担下恶化。A.eliminated消除；B.restricted限制；C.weakened削弱；D.prevented防止。根据上文“Thinkingitwasonlycommonintestinal(肠的)____2____,thecoupledidn’ttakeitseriously.(这对夫妇以为这只是常见的肠道疾病，并没有把它当回事。)”可知，如果当时没有想当然地认为那是常见的肠道疾病，孩子及时就医，孩子就不会死，prevented符合语境。故选D项。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道死亡本来是可以避免的，AI的情绪健康在巨大的内疚负担下恶化。A.pessimism悲观主义；B.dilemma困境；C.guilt内疚；D.despair绝望。根据上文“Thinkingitwasonlycommonintestinal(肠的)____2____,thecoupledidn’ttakeitseriously.(这对夫妇以为这只是常见的肠道疾病，并没有把它当回事。)”可知，如果当时没有想当然地认为那是常见的肠道疾病，孩子及时就医，孩子就不会死，所以AI很内疚（guilt）。故选C项。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：AI无法应对这种伤害和痛苦，于是他开始酗酒。A.expose暴露；B.estimate估计；C.reduce减少；D.tackle解决，因对。根据上文“Knowingthedeathcouldhavebeen____4____,AI’semotionalhealthworsenedundertheenormousburdenofhis____5____.Tomakemattersworse,hiswifelefthimsoon,leavinghimalonewithhissix-year-oldson.(知道死亡本来是可以避免的，AI的情绪健康在巨大的内疚负担下恶化。更糟糕的是，他的妻子很快就离开了他，留下他和他六岁的儿子。)”可知，自从大儿子死于急性阑尾炎，AI一直在自责，而妻子的离去更是雪上加霜，面对人生变故，使他难以招架，只能用酒来麻痹自己。tackle符合语境，故选D项。【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着酗酒的加剧，AI开始失去一切——他的家和他的艺术品。A.exploded爆炸；B.progressed进展；C.endured忍受；D.prospered繁荣，蓬勃发展。根据上文“AIcouldnot____6____thehurtandpain,andheturnedtoalcohol.(AI无法应对这种伤害和痛苦，于是他开始酗酒。)”，下文“____8____AIdiedaloneinamotel.(最终，AI独自死在了一家汽车旅馆里。)”可知，AI无法面对家 庭的变故，酗酒中失去了一切物质财产，最终孤独离世，progressed符合语境，故选B项。【48题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，AI独自死在了一家汽车旅馆里。A.Apparently显然；B.Dramatically戏剧性地；C.Eventually最终；D.Instinctively本能地。根据上文“Knowingthedeathcouldhavebeen____4____,AI’semotionalhealthworsenedundertheenormousburdenofhis____5____.Tomakemattersworse,hiswifelefthimsoon,leavinghimalonewithhissix-year-oldson.(知道死亡本来是可以避免的，AI的情绪健康在巨大的内疚负担下恶化。)”，“AIcouldnot____6____thehurtandpain,andheturnedtoalcohol.Asthealcoholism____7____,AIbegantoloseeverything-hishomeandhisartobjects.(AI无法应对这种伤害和痛苦，于是他开始酗酒。随着酗酒的加剧，AI开始失去一切——他的家和他的艺术品。)”可知，失去了大儿子，AI本来情绪状况就在恶化，因为酗酒而失去了一切，最终的结果是孤独离世，Eventually符合语境。故选C项。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：真是一个彻底失败者！A.failure失败者；B.surprise意外；C.incident事件；D.shock吃惊。根据下文“TearscametomyeyesasIrealizedwhata____13____IhadbeentojudgeAlasaloser.(泪水涌上了我的眼睛，我意识到自己是多么愚蠢，竟然把阿尔看成一个失败者。)”，以及上文可知，AI遭受家庭变故，无法自拔，只能用酒来麻痹自己，因而失去了一切，最终孤独离世，作者认为他是一个失败者，failure符合语境，故选A项。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的流逝，我开始重新审视自己先前的严厉判断。A.reaffirm重申，再肯定；B.reevaluate重新评估；C.reunite重聚；D.reproduce繁殖。根据上文“HearingofAl’sdeath,Ireactedwithdisdain(鄙视).‘Whatacomplete____9____!’(听到阿尔的死讯，我的反应是轻蔑的。‘真是一个彻底的失败者！’)”，下文“IknewAI’snowadultson,Ernie,isoneofthekindest,mostcaring,mostlovingmen.OnedayI____11____mycouragetoaskhim,‘Whatonearthdidhedosothatyoubecamesuchaspecialperson?’(我知道AI已经成年的儿子Ernie是最善良、最乐于助人的、最有爱心的人之一。有一天，我鼓起勇气问他：‘他究竟做了什么，使你成为一个如此特别的人？’)”可知，作者一度认为AI很失败，但是AI却把儿子Ernie教得那么好，所以作者重新对AI评估，reevaluate符合语境。故选B项。【51题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，我鼓起勇气问他：“他究竟做了什么，使你成为一个如此特别的人？”A.gatheredup收拾，聚集；B.brokeup分手；C.endedup结束；D.usedup用完。根据上文“HearingofAl’sdeath,Ireactedwithdisdain(鄙视).‘Whatacomplete____9____!’(听到AI的死讯，我的反应是轻蔑的。‘真是一个彻底的失败者！’)”,“Astimepassed,Ibeganto____10____myearlierharsh judgment.(随着时间的流逝，我开始重新审视自己先前的严厉判断。)”可知，有可能要推翻自己以前的判断，需要有勇气承认自己说错的话，尤其是面对AI的儿子的时候，gatheredup符合语境，故选A项。【52题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：厄尼静静地坐着，沉思了一会儿，说：“从我小时候的记忆到我离开家，AI每天晚上都会来到我的房间，给我一个吻，说：‘爱你，儿子。’”A.recognized认可；B.anticipated预期；C.reflected思考；D.emphasized强调。根据句中forafewmoments，可知，厄尼思考（reflected）片刻才回答了问题，故选C项。【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：泪水涌上了我的眼睛，我意识到自己是多傻，竟然把阿尔看成一个失败者。A.specialist专家；B.educator教育家；C.opponent对手；D.fool傻瓜。根据上文“IknewAI’snowadultson,Ernie,isoneofthekindest,mostcaring,mostlovingmen.(我知道AI已经成年的儿子Ernie是最善良、最乐于助人的、最有爱心的人之一。)”以及“Erniesatquietly,reflectedforafewmomentsandsaid,‘FrommymemoriesasachilduntilIlefthome,AIcameintomyroomeverynightandgavemeakiss,saying,“loveyou,son.”’(厄尼静静地坐着，沉思了一会儿，说：‘从我小时候的记忆到我离开家，AI每天晚上都会来到我的房间，给我一个吻，说：“爱你，儿子。”’)”可知，AI言传身教，把儿子教得那么好，作者还一度认为他是彻底的失败者，此时作者觉得自己是个傻瓜（fool），故选D项。【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他没有留下任何物质财产。A.reputation声誉；B.possessions财产；C.ambitions野心；D.affection感情。根据上文“AIcouldnot____6____thehurtandpain,andheturnedtoalcohol.Asthealcoholism____7____,AIbegantoloseeverything-hishomeandhisartobjects.(AI无法应对这种伤害和痛苦，于是他开始酗酒。随着酗酒的加剧，AI开始失去一切——他的家和他的艺术品。)”可知，AI当时失去了家、艺术品这些物质的财产（possessions），故选B项。【55题详解】考查动词、形容词词义辨析。句意：但作为一个慈祥慈爱的父亲，他留下了我所认识的最优秀、最慷慨的人之一。A.taking可爱的；B.insisting坚持；C.assisting协助；D.giving慷慨的。根据上文“IknewAI’snowadultson,Ernie,isoneofthekindest,mostcaring,mostlovingmen.(我知道AI已经成年的儿子Ernie是最善良、最乐于助人的、最有爱心的人之一。)”，以及本句中的asakindlovingfather，可知，AI的教育使Ernie变得乐于助人的、有爱心的，与giving意思相近，故选D项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AmusicalLaqiniBayikawasstagedinBeijinginmemoryofa41-year-oldborderpatrollerwhosacrificedhis lifetryingtosaveachild.Theborderpatroller,____56____whomtheshowwasnamed,fromTashikurganTajikautonomouscountyinNorthwestChina’sXinjiangUygurautonomousregion,sacrificedhislifewhile____57____(attempt)topullachildoutofthewaterafterthey____58____(fall)throughtheiceandintothelakeatKashiUniveristyin2021.ThemusicalwasfirstshownonApril26andcontinued____59____(perform)forfourdays.Theproductionrecordsthehero’slifefromchildhood,____60____hebecamedeterminedtofollowthestepsofhisfatherandgrandfathertobecomeapatrolmaninthefuture,all____61____waytohisfinalmoments.AccordingtoWangTiejun,theplaywrightofthismusical,crewmembersvisited____62____(relate),colleaguesandvillagefellowsofLaqinitoknow____63____(much)abouthim,andhewasmovedbytheheroicsacrificeofthemodest____64____reservedmanwhooftenremainedundertheradar.“Ididn’tneedtoaddanything.Instead,Ijusttriedtoshowthetruestoryofhimasvividlyaspossibletotheaudience,”saysWang.TheproductionpremieredinXinjianglastyear,and_____65_____(tour)tootherplacesinChinasoon,likeGuangdongprovince,ShanghaiandShandongprovince.【答案】56.after57.attempting58.hadfallen##fell59.tobeperformed60.when61.the62.relatives63.more64.and65.willtour【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了音乐剧LaqiniBayika在北京上演，以纪念一名41岁的边境巡警，他为了救一个孩子而牺牲了自己的生命。【56题详解】考查介词。句意：这名边境巡警来自中国西北部新疆维吾尔自治区的塔什库尔干塔吉克自治县，该节目以他的名字命名。2021年，在喀什大学，他试图把一个孩子从水中拉出来，结果他们掉进了冰里，掉进了湖里，他牺牲了生命。nameafter为固定短语，表示“以……命名”，在定语从句中将介词前置，空处需填介词after。故填after。【57题详解】考查省略句。句意同上。while引导的时间状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，从句省略主语和be动词， 完整的从句是“whilehewasattemptingtopullachildoutofthewater”，省略了hewas。故填attempting。【58题详解】考查动词时态。句意同上。after引导的时间状语从句缺少谓语，此处可以表示发生在过去的事情，使用一般过去时，也可以表示发生在“sacrificed”之前，表示“过去的过去”，使用过去完成时。故填hadfallen/fell。【59题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该音乐剧于4月26日首次公演，连续演出了4天。Continuetodosth.为固定用法，意为“继续做某事”，Themusical和perform为被动关系，需用动词不定式的被动式。故填tobeperformed。【60题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这部作品记录了主人公的一生，从童年开始，他决心追随父亲和祖父的脚步，在未来成为一名巡警，一直到他生命的最后时刻。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词childhood，在定语从句中作时间状语，需用关系副词when引导。故填when。【61题详解】考查冠词。句意同上。allthewayto为固定短语，表示“一直到”。故填the。【62题详解】考查名词。句意：据这部音乐剧的剧作家王铁军说，剧组成员拜访了拉基尼的亲戚、同事和村民，以更多地了解他，他被这个谦虚、含蓄、经常不为人知的人的英勇牺牲所感动。空处需填名词relative，意为“亲戚”，作宾语，此处是可数名词，和“colleagues”、“fellows”并列，需填名词复数形式。故填relatives。【63题详解】考查副词比较级。句意同上。修饰动词know，此处需用副词，表示“更多地”需用much地比较级more。故填more。【64题详解】考查连词。句意同上。Modest和reserved为并列的形容词，作定语，需用连词and连接。故填and。【65题详解】考查动词时态。句意：该剧去年在新疆首演，不久将在广东、上海和山东等地巡演。根据时间状语“soon”可知，此处使用一般将来时。故填willtour。第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)66.假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter最近听说中国的五禽戏有益身体，想推荐给父母学习，写信向你询问关于五禽戏的简单情况，如何获得学习途径，请你据此写封回信。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可适当增加细节,，以使行文连贯。提示：五禽戏Five-animalExercisesDearPeter,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________YoursLiHua【答案】Onepossibleversion:DearPeter,DelightedtolearnthatyouhavedevelopedapassionforFive-animalExercises,Iamwillingtoofferyoumoredetailedinformationaboutit.CreatedbyHuaTuoinHanDynasty,Five-animalExercisesisasetofexercisesdesignedtohelppeoplebuildupthebodyandstrength.Itconsistsoffivegroupsofactionsbyimitatingthemovementsoffiveanimals,includingtigers,deer,bears,apesandbirds.Withthehelpofapps,likeTikTok,youcanhaveaccesstoalargenumberoflearningresources.Therearemanyordinarypeoplearoundmewhocanpracticeit.Ifnecessary,theycouldofferyouonetooneTutoring.YoursLiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Peter写一封回信，向他介绍一下五禽戏的简单情况以及如何获得学习途径。【详解】1.词汇积累高兴的：delighted→glad增强，增强：buildup→enhance由……组成：consistof→becomposedof许多的：alargenumberof→agoodmany2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句原句：Itconsistsoffivegroupsofactionsbyimitatingthemovementsoffiveanimals,includingtigers,deer,bears,apesandbirds.拓展句：Itconsistsoffivegroupsofactionsbyimitatingthemovementsoffiveanimals,whichincludetigers,deer,bears,apesandbirds.【点睛】【高分句型1】DelightedtolearnthatyouhavedevelopedapassionforFive-animalExercises,Iamwillingtoofferyoumoredetailedinformationaboutit.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）【高分句型2】Therearemanyordinarypeoplearoundmewhocanpracticeit.（运用了who引导的定语从句）第二节(满分25分)67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Catherinewasayounggirl.Fromanearlierage,herparentstaughthertobekind-hearted,andshealwayswas.Andshelivedahappylifeinawarmfamily.Unluckily,onedayherfatherhadanaccident.Hisrightlegwashurtbadlyandneededanexpensiveoperation.Herfamilycouldn’taffordtopayforit.Althoughtheirfriendsandrelativesalltriedtheirbesttoofferhelpbutitwasfarfromenough.Sotheoperationwasdelayedandtheywereunsurewhattodonext.Oneday,walkingdownthestreettoabookstorenearby,Catherinenoticedanoldmantryinghardtoclimbthestepstoanearbypark.TheoldmanwithAlzheimer’sdiseaselefthomeseveraldaysagoandendedupwanderingaroundthestreetswhilehisson,Dr.White,adoctoroftheCityHospital,hadbeentryingtofindhimbutinvain.“Hecan’tclimbthesteps.Helookssoweakandtired,”Catherinesaidtoherself.Withouthesitation,sheranovertohim.“Sir,letmehelpyou!”shesaid,warm-hearted.Themanmadenoresponse.ThenCatherinecameclosertohimandrepeatedit.Slowlyraisinghishead,themanlookedather,surprised.Catherinegavehimasmileandthenhelpedhimclimbthesteps,withherhandssupportinghis.“Yourhandsareshaking!”Catherinesaidanxiously.“Areyouokay?”“I’msohungry,”hemurmuredinalowvoice.“Iwanttowalk…totheparkfor…arest,andIwanttofind...something…toeat.”Afterhelpinghimsitonaparkbench,Catherinerushedhomeandreturnedwithsomefood,onlytofindthatthemanwaslyingontheground,faintedandsenseless.“Sir,pleasewakeup!”shecriedinanxiety.Themandidn’trespond.“WhatshouldIdo?”shewonderedeagerly.注意:1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Lookingaround,shenoticedawomanstandingmetersawaytalkingonthephone.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________“He’smydad!Wheredidyoufindhim?”Dr.Whitecried.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:Lookingaround,shenoticedawomanstandingmetersawaytalkingonherphone.Shehurriedtoherforhelp.“Excuseme,couldyouhelptheoldmanoverthere?”shepointed.Thewomansmiled,“Sure!”Quicklyleadingtheladytotheoldman,whowasstillunconscious,Catherineurgedthewomantodial911atonce.Whentheambulancearrived,CatherineofferedtoaccompanyhimtotheCityHospital.Shortlyafter,DrWhite,whohappenedtobeonduty,rushedtocheckontheoldman.“He’smydad!Wheredidyoufindhim?”Dr.Whitecried.CatherinebrieflyexplainedtoDr.Whitewhathadhappened.Gettingpropertreatment,theoldmancametolifegradually.Dr.WhitethankedCatherineforhertimelyhelp,asking“IstheresomethingIcandoinreturnforyourkindness?”“Yes,please!Myfatherneedsanoperation.Butwedon’thaveenoughmoney.”Catherinerepliedinalowvoice.Dr.Whitepromisedtoperformtheoperationonherfatherandcovertheexpense.Movedintotears,Catherinehadneverthoughtonegoodturndeservedanother.【解析】【导语】本文以故事的情节为线索展开，讲述了Catherine是一个生活在幸福温暖家庭中的小女孩儿，从小她的父母教育她要善良，有一天，她的父亲发生了意外需要做手术，但支付不起手术的费用，有一天Catherine遇到了一位患有阿尔茨海默症的老人想爬过台阶去公园附近，他离开家几天了，而他在市医院的儿子也找不到他，Catherine帮助老人坐到公园的长凳上，回家给他拿些吃的，回来时发现老人躺在地上昏迷过去。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“环顾四周，她注意到一个女士站在几米外打电话。”可知，第一段可描写Catherine 如何向女士求助以及如何救治老人的，结合第二段提示的内容，续写的内容中要涉及到送老人到了市医院，并且正遇到老人的儿子Dr.White。②由第二段首句内容““他是我爸爸！你在哪里找到他的？”怀特医生喊道。”可知，第二段可描写Catherine向Dr.White解释发生了什么以及Dr.White又是如何感谢Catherine的。2.续写线索：向女士求助——拨打911——送老人去市医院——遇到Dr.White——向Catherine表示感谢——帮助Catherine——Catherine的感受3.词汇激活行为类①陪同：accompanyhim/keephimcompany②承诺：promise/swear/keepapromise③快速行动：hurry/rush/run情绪类①感谢：thank/showinghisappreciationto/showgratitudeto/begratefulto②感动：moved/touched【点睛】[高分句型1].Shortlyafter,DrWhite,whohappenedtobeonduty,rushedtocheckontheoldman.（运用了关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句）[高分句型2].CatherinebrieflyexplainedtoDr.Whitewhathadhappened.（运用了what引导的宾语从句）