浙江省部分校2022-2023学年高二英语下学期5月联考试题（Word版附解析）

高二年级英语试题考生须知：1．本卷共8页满分150分，考试时间120分钟；2．答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、学号和姓名；考场号、座位号写在指定位置；3．所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效；4．考试结束后，只需上交答题纸。第Ⅰ卷第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whydidthewomansendthee-mailtotheman?A．Shemadeamistake.B．Heheadedtheproject.C．Shewantedhimtocheckherplan.2．Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodowiththebox?A．CarryitdownstairsB．Putitinalowposition.C．Moveittotheuppershelf.3．Whenwillthedinnerstart?A．At8:00.B．At7:30.C．At7:00.4．Whatcouldthemanmostprobablybe?A．Asecretary.B．Asalesman.C．Apoliceman.5．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Acompetition.B．Ateam.C．Aclassmate.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whatdoesthewomansayaboutherpresentwork?A．Thejobiseasy.B．Thejourneyistiresome.C．Thepayislow.7．Whatkindofworkwillthewomandonextfall?A．Writing.B．Teaching.C．Driving. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．Howdidthemangettheinformationofthemoviepreview?A．FromTV.B．Fromthenewspaper.C．Fromthewoman.9．Whydidthemanmissthemovielastnight?A．Hepickedupawrongchannel.B．Hewasdoinghishomeworkatthattime.C．TherewassomethingwrongwithhisTVset.10．Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthemovie?A．Itwasmadeforparents.B．Itwasbasedonarealstory.C．Itwillbeonagainnextweek.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．HowdidMr.Lamhelptheboy?A．Hehelpedhimwithstudy.B．Hegavehimpocketmoney.C．Hefoundhimapart-timejob.12．Whatistheboy’sattitudetowardstheclub?A．Itisexpensive.B．Itissatisfying.C．Itisuseless.13．Whatadvicedoestheboyoffer?A．Keepingintouchwithstudents.B．Makinganoteofstudents’problems.C．Puttingaletterboxoutsidetheclub’sroom.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14．WhatdoestheHotelSunshinehave?A．Agym.B．Acinema.C．Amultimediacenter.15．Wherecanpeoplegetinstructionprogramsinwatersports?A．IntheSunshineHotel.B．IntheCarminiaHotel.C．IntheHighlandHotel.16．WhatcanpeopledointheRoyalHotelforfree?A．Seeafilm.B．SurftheInternet.C．Playgolf.17．WhydoesthemanchoosetheCarminiaHotel?A．It’srelaxing.B．Ithasameetingroom.C．Itincludesthetophealthcenter.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．Whereisthespeakernow? A．Inahospital.B．Inacollege.C．Inapetschool.19．Inwhichaspectisavisitfromadoghelpful?A．Itcuresthepatients.B．Itmakespatientsfeelbetter.C．Ithelpsdoalotofthings.20．Whatarethedogsfirsttrainedtodointheprogram?A．Playwithpatientsandtheirchildren.B．Accompanypatientstotheirhospitalrooms.C．Befamiliarwiththehospitalandpickupthings.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AVisittheNewYorkBotanicalGardenTheNewYorkBotanicalGarden(NYBG)isanadvocatefortheplantworld.Wewelcomealltolearnabouttheimportanceofplantsandplantscience,andthejoyofgardening.UPCOMINGEVENTS·HOLIDAYTRAINSHOWTheNYBG’sHolidayTrainShow—afavoriteholidaytradition—hasbeenmakingmemoriesforover30years!Seemodeltrainspassthroughawonderfuldisplayofmorethan190replicas(复制品)ofNewYorklandmarks,eachre-createdfromnaturalmaterials.·T.H.EVERETT:ALIFEINPLANTSThroughT.H.Everett’sextensivearchive(档案)heldbytheLuEstherT.MertzLibrary,weexplorethisinfluentialman’sextraordinarycareer,fromhismodestbeginningsinEnglandandearlytrainingattheRoyalBotanicGardens,Kew,tohispathtotheNewYorkBotanicalGarden.ADMISSIONAllvisitors,includingmembers,needticketsforentrytotheGarden.PurchaseattheGardenorreserveyourticketsinadvanceonlineanddisplaythemonyourmobiledeviceforquickerentry.PricingPublicMemberAdult$15FreeSenior(65+)$7FreeStudent(withID)$7Free Child(2-12)$4FreeChildunder2FreeFreeOPENINGTIMES·January-July:10:00a.m.-4:00p.m.·August-December:10:00a.m.-6:00p.m.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoattheHOLIDAYTRAINSHOW?A.Celebrateatraditionalholiday.B.Tourthegardeninatrain.C.Watchamodel-trainsshow.D.Recreatelandmarkreplicas.2.Whatdoesthesecondeventfocuson?A.T.H.Everett’scareerlifeinplantstudy.B.T.H.Everett’sinfluenceonbotany.C.T.H.Everett’seducationalbackground.D.T.H.Everett’scontributiontothegarden.3.Whatistheadmissionfeeforanadultmemberwitha3-year-oldnon-member?A.Free.B.$4.C.$15.D.$19.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了纽约植物园即将开展的活动及入场费。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“HOLIDAYTRAINSHOW”部分关键句“Seemodeltrainspassthroughawonderfuldisplayofmorethan190replicas(复制品)ofNewYorklandmarks,eachre-createdfromnaturalmaterials.”（观看火车模型穿过190多个纽约地标复制品的精彩展示，每个复制品都是用天然材料重新打造的。）可知，游客在HOLIDAYTRAINSHOW上可以观看火车模型穿过190多个纽约地标复制品的精彩展示，由此可知，游客在HOLIDAYTRAINSHOW上可以观看火车模型表演。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“T.H.EVERETT:ALIFEINPLANTS”部分内容“ThroughT.H.Everett’sextensivearchive(档案)heldbytheLuEstherT.MertzLibrary,weexplorethisinfluentialman’sextraordinarycareer,fromhismodestbeginningsinEnglandandearlytrainingattheRoyalBotanicGardens,Kew,tohispathtotheNewYorkBotanicalGarden.”（通过LuEstherT.Mertz图书馆保存的T.H.Everett的大量档案，我们探索了这位有影响力的人非凡的职业生涯，从他在英国的谦虚起步和在英国皇家植物园的早期训练，到他进入纽约植物园的道路。）可知，第二个活动重点展示了T.H.Everett非凡的关于植物研究的职业生涯，由此可知，第二个活动的重点是T.H.Everett的植物研究生涯。故选A项。【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“ADMISSION”部分表格中信息“Adult,Public:$15;Member:Free”（成人，民众：15美元；会员：免费）可知，一名成年会员的入场费是免费；根据“Child(2-12),Public:$4;Member:Free”（儿童（2-12岁），民众：4美元；会员：免费）可知，一名3岁的非会员的入场费是4美元，经过简单计算可知，一名成年会员和一名3岁的非会员的入场费是4美元。故选B项。BTiredofworkinginITandstayingthesameinAustralia,PauloCattancodecidedtomakeachange.In2015hestartedastrictbudgetsohecouldsaveupenoughmoneytobuyhisdreamKTM1190motorbike,acamera,andenoughfundstosupporthimselfforafewyears.Thenhegaveuphisjob,packedhisthings,andsetoffonanadventure,travellingtheworldonhismotorbike.Paulo,39,hasspentthelastfouryearsbikingthroughAustralia.SouthAmerica,NorthAmerica,andEurope,ridingupto12hoursadayandspendinghisnightsinhistentunderthestars.“AustraliaformewasmyfirstexperienceridinglongdistanceandIwasmind-blownbythebeautyoftheoldcontinent.”Paulowroteonhistraveljournal,“TravelingthroughLatinAmerica,IexploredtherainforestandlearnedSpanishandPortuguese.MexicohassomeofthebestfoodIeverhadandPeruisaninterestingplacewhereIcanenjoytheuniquelocalIndianculture,alsocalledIncacivilization.”Paulohasmanagedtokeephistravelsgoingbykeepinghisbudgettight,sohehasn’thadtogetajobforhistravels.Tokeepcostslow,heseldomlookedforaccommodationinhotelsandwentcampinginstead.Thankfully,themotorbike,whichPauloboughtsecondhandinAustralia,hasnotrequiredanymajorrepairssincehesetoff.Thejourneyisn’talwayseasy,butPaulohasneverlookedback.Sadly,theCovid-19pandemicputastoptohistravelsinGreecewhenhetraveledaroundEurope,andPaulohashadtospendthelastfewmonthsinItaly,hishomeland.Oncetheworldisbackupandrunning,heplanstoreturntolifeontheroadandexploreAsiaandAfrica.4.WhatdidPaulobegintodoin2015?A.Heswitchedhisoccupation.B.Hestartedatraveladventure.C.Hecarriedoutasavingplan.D.Hepurchasedtravelequipment.5.WhatdoweknowaboutPaulo’sjourney?A.HeenjoyedthebestfoodinPeru.B.Themotorbikeoftentroubledhim.C.Hegotajobtosupporthistravel.D.TheviewinAustraliaappealedtohim.6.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribePaulo?A.Determinedandadventurous.B.Intelligentandeconomical.C.Ambitiousandidealistic.D.Humbleandknowledgeable. 7.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Afitnessmagazine.B.Atraveljournal.C.Alifestylewebsite.D.Asportscolumn.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了PauloCattanco放弃工作，骑着摩托车环游世界的经历，虽然他的冒险旅程因为新冠疫情而不得不中断，但是他从未放弃他的冒险梦。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“In2015hestartedastrictbudgetsohecouldsaveupenoughmoneytobuyhisdreamKTM1190motorbike,acamera,andenoughfundstosupporthimselfforafewyears.(2015年，他开始了一个严格的预算，这样他就可以存够钱买他梦想中的KTM1190摩托车，一个相机，和足够的资金来养活自己几年。)”可知，Paulo在2015年开始实施了省钱计划。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“AustraliaformewasmyfirstexperienceridinglongdistanceandIwasmind-blownbythebeautyoftheoldcontinent.(澳大利亚对我来说是我第一次长途骑行的经历，我被这片古老大陆的美景所震撼。)”可知，澳大利亚的景色吸引了Paulo。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Thenhegaveuphisjob,packedhisthings,andsetoffonanadventure,travellingtheworldonhismotorbike.(然后他放弃了工作，收拾好行李，开始了一段冒险之旅，骑着他的摩托车环游世界。)”可知，Paulo喜欢冒险，和第四段中“Paulohasmanagedtokeephistravelsgoingbykeepinghisbudgettight,sohehasn’thadtogetajobforhistravels.Tokeepcostslow,heseldomlookedforaccommodationinhotelsandwentcampinginstead.(保罗通过保持紧缩的预算来维持他的旅行，这样他就不用为他的旅行找工作了。为了保持低成本，他很少在旅馆住宿，而是去露营。)”可知，虽然预算紧张，但是Paulo没有放弃自己的旅行梦想，所以说他很有决心，故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了PauloCattanco放弃工作，骑着摩托车环游世界的经历，虽然他的冒险旅程因为新冠疫情而不得不中断，但是他从未放弃他的冒险梦。由此可知，文章讲的是PauloCattanco所追求的一种生活方式，所以文章可能选自一个有关生活方式的网站，故选C。CInrecentyears,townsacrossItalyhavebeenracingtolaunchplansaimedatattractingnewresidentstorevivethetowns.Fromabandonedhomessellingforaeuro,toready-to-occupyhousesatlowprices,therehasbeena tendencyforcompetition.ThepicturesquetownofPresicceisthelatesttoenterthegamewithaveryalluringoffer.Officialssaytheywillpaypeopleupto30,000eurostobuyanemptyhouseandtakeupresidency.Evenbetter,thehousesforsaleaspartofthedealarepricedaround25,000euros.Thecashmotivationisexpectedtobreathenewlifeintothedepopulatingtown,wherenewbornsarefewereachyear.PresiccetracesitshistorytotheMiddleAges,boomingduringtheRenaissanceasaprosperousplaceknownforitsfinewine,cheesesandcattletrade.Itgainsareputationasa“townofgreengold”forgreenolivetreesandoliveoil.Itslocationisincredible,surroundedbythenatureoftheSalentoareaandclosetobeautifulbeachesandclearwatersofSantaMariadiLeuca.“Therearemanyemptyhomesinthehistoricalcenterbuiltbefore1991whichwewouldliketoseealiveagainwithnewresidents,”sayslocalcouncilorAlfredoPalese.“Itisapitywitnessinghowourolddistrictsfullofhistory,wonderfularchitectureandartareslowlyemptying.”AccordingtoPalese,a2019merger(合并)withthenearbytownAcquaricatocreatethelargertownPresicce-Acquaricahasprovidedthemwithextramoneytoensuretheprojectcancontinueforyearstocome.“AfterthemergerasperItalianlaw,ourwiderterritorywillbeblessedwithmorepublicfunds,roughly1,000,000eurosperyearforseveralyearsforward,whichweintendtoinvesttorenewtheolddistrict,”saysPalese.Thetownhallhasalreadylaunchedotherplanstoattractmoreresidents,includingtaxbenefitstosetupnewbusinessactivitiesandbabybonusesforfamilieswithkids.8.WhatproblemdomanyItaliantownsface?A.Depressedhousingmarket.B.Financialcrisis.C.Fiercebusinesscompetition.D.Populationdecline.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“alluring”inparagraph2mean?A.Conditional.B.Attractive.C.Formal.D.Reasonable.10.What’stheauthor’purposeofwritingparagraph3?A.ToshowPresicce’spastglory.B.TointroducePresice’straditionalculture.C.Toadvertiseahistoricaltown.D.TostresstheimportanceofrevivingPresicce.11.WhydidPaleseandAcquaricamergein2019?A.Tocreatewiderterritory.B.Togainmorefunds.C.Toattractmoreinvestment.D.TofollowItalianlaw.【答案】8.D9.B10.D11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了意大利各地的城镇都在竞相推出旨在吸引新居民来振兴城镇的计 划。【8题详解】细节理解题。第二段最后一句提到“Thecashmotivationisexpectedtobreathenewlifeintothedepopulatingtown,wherenewbornsarefewereachyear.”（现金的刺激有望为这个人口日益减少的小镇注入新的活力，这里的新生儿每年都在减少。）由此判断，很多意大利小镇面临的问题是人口数量的减少。故选D。【9题详解】词句猜测题。第二段第二句提到“Officialssaytheywillpaypeopleupto30,000eurostobuyanemptyhouseandtakeupresidency.Evenbetter,thehousesforsaleaspartofthedealarepricedaround25,000euros.”（官员们表示，他们将向购买空房子并居住的人支付高达3万欧元的费用。更妙的是，作为交易的一部分，待售房屋的价格在2.5万欧元左右。）能够以更低的价格购买房子并且购买房子后还可以得到一笔费用，这是一个非常诱人的条件！A.Conditional有条件的；B.Attractive有吸引力的；C.Formal正式的；D.Reasonable合理的。attractive(有吸引力的)符合文意，故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。第三段第一、二、三句提到“PresiccetracesitshistorytotheMiddleAges,boomingduringtheRenaissanceasaprosperousplaceknownforitsfinewine,cheesesandcattletrade.Itgainsareputationasa“townofgreengold”forgreenolivetreesandoliveoil.Itslocationisincredible,surroundedbythenatureoftheSalentoareaandclosetobeautifulbeachesandclearwatersofSantaMariadiLeuca.”（雷西塞的历史可以追溯到中世纪，在文艺复兴时期蓬勃发展，以优质葡萄酒、奶酪和牲畜贸易而闻名。它因绿油油的橄榄树和橄榄油而享有“绿色黄金之城”的美誉。它的位置令人难以置信，被萨伦托地区的自然环境所包围，靠近美丽的海滩和圣玛丽亚迪卢卡的清澈海水。）这三句提到了Presicce优美的自然风光和令人闻名的特产，说明这是一个非常宜居的地方，但由于各种原因有着很多空置房间。后文提到““Therearemanyemptyhomesinthehistoricalcenterbuiltbefore1991whichwewouldliketoseealiveagainwithnewresidents,”sayslocalcouncilorAlfredoPalese.“Itisapitywitnessinghowourolddistrictsfullofhistory,wonderfularchitectureandartareslowlyemptying.””（当地议员AlfredoPalese说：“在1991年之前建造的历史中心有许多空置的房屋，我们希望看到新居民重新活跃起来。”“看到我们那些充满历史、美妙建筑和艺术的老城区正在慢慢清空，真是令人遗憾。”）当地议员希望这些美丽的地方不要被空置，因此通过展示当地的美好来吸引更多的人入住，使得这个小镇重新焕发生机。D项“TostresstheimportanceofrevivingPresicce.”（强调振兴Presicce的重要性）该项符合文意。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。第四段第一句提到“AccordingtoPalese,a2019merger(合并)withthenearbytownAcquaricatocreatethelargertownPresicce-Acquaricahasprovidedthemwithextramoneytoensuretheprojectcancontinue foryearstocome.”（根据Palese的说法，2019年与附近的小镇Acquarica合并，创建了更大的小镇Presicce-Acquarica，这为他们提供了额外的资金，以确保该项目可以在未来几年继续进行。）由此判断，两个小镇的合并是为了吸引更多的资金。故选B。DTreesnaturallyabsorbedCO₂throughphotosynthesis(光合作用),releasingoxygen,storingcarbonfordecades,orevencenturies.BiotechnologyfirmLivingCarbonsayslabtrialsofitsgenetically-changedpoplartreestakeupmorecarbonandgrow1.5timesfasterthanunchangedones.Theteamaddedgenesfrompumpkintothepoplars,whichmakestheirphotosynthesismoreefficient,turningmorecarbondioxideintosugarstocreatewoodbiomass(生物量).Thoughthefirm’slabresultsarepromising,biologistswarnthathighgrowthratesarenotguaranteedinthewildasthepoplarscompeteforsunlightwithotherplantsandtrees.Genetically-modified(GM)supertreesmayalsoneedmuchwateringandfertilizertokeeptheirrapidgrowth.TheresultsareimportantgiventherateofclimatechangeandclimbingCO₂levelsintheatmosphere.ButcriticssaythereareriskstoplantingGMtreesinthewildiftheyreproducewithothertrees,ornegativelyaffectotherplantandanimalspecies.LivingCarbonsaystreesareahybridthatcanonlyreproducefromcuttings,socannotcross-pollinate(授粉)withwildtrees.Ifthefieldtrialsaresuccessfulthenitwillstilltaketimetogetapprovalfromthegovernment.Onesixth,around135,treespeciesintheUSmayfaceextinctionduetoclimatechange,foreigninsectspecies,ordisease.AndeventhoughfieldtrialsofaGMchestnuttreehaveshownitsabilitytoresistsomeforeigndiseasethatwipedoutbillionsofAmericanchestnuts,itstillhasnotbeenapprovedforplanting.IfCO₂storageistheaimthentherearespeciesthatalreadyfitthebill.California’sRedwoodtreesstoremorecarbonthananyotherspecies.Redwoodsarenotsuitableforeveryforestryplot,socreatingclimateadaptabletreesthroughreproducingprogramsthatfitintolocalecosystemsisthegoal.Butintherushtofixtheclimatecrisis,increaseCO₂uptake,andcarbonstorage,GMsupertreesmaybepartofthatsolution.12.Howwasthepoplars’carboncapacityimproved?A.Byabsorbingcarbondioxide.B.Byproducingwoodbiomass.C.Byspeedingupphotosynthesis.D.Byengineeringtheirgenes.13.WhatisthepotentialdisadvantageoftheGMtrees?A.Theyreproducedwithotherplants.B.Itisimpossibletogetapproval.C.Itishardtogrowfastinthewild.D.Theyarenotcompetitiveenough.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“fitthebill”inthelastparagraphmean? A.Beunusual.B.Beavailable.C.Beunsuitable.D.Bevaluable.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SupertreesCouldbeClimateFix.B.SupertreesTakeupMoreCarbon.C.ChangeofGenesReduceCO₂.D.ChangesofGenesBringsEfficiency.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加利福尼亚的红杉树树比其他任何物种都能储存更多的碳。红杉并不适合每一块林地，因此通过繁殖计划创造适应气候的树木，以适应当地生态系统是目标。但在急于解决气候危机、增加二氧化碳吸收和碳储存的过程中，转基因超级树可能是解决方案的一部分。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“BiotechnologyfirmLivingCarbonsayslabtrialsofitsgenetically-changedpoplartreestakeupmorecarbonandgrow1.5timesfasterthanunchangedones.(生物技术公司LivingCarbon表示，对其转基因杨树的实验室试验吸收了更多的碳，生长速度是未转基因杨树的1.5倍。)”可知，通过改造杨树的基因来提高它们的碳容量，故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Thoughthefirm’slabresultsarepromising,biologistswarnthathighgrowthratesarenotguaranteedinthewildasthepoplarscompeteforsunlightwithotherplantsandtrees.Genetically-modified(GM)supertreesmayalsoneedmuchwateringandfertilizertokeeptheirrapidgrowth.(尽管该公司的实验室结果令人鼓舞，但生物学家警告说，由于白杨与其他植物和树木争夺阳光，野外的高生长率并不能得到保证。转基因超级树也可能需要大量的水和肥料来保持它们的快速生长。)”可推知，转基因树的潜在缺点是很难在野外快速生长，故选C。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线短语下文“California’sRedwoodtreesstoremorecarbonthananyotherspecies.(加利福尼亚的红杉树比其他任何物种都能储存更多的碳。)”可知，加利福尼亚的红杉树比其他任何物种都能储存更多的碳，这说明如果二氧化碳储存是目标的话，那么红杉树是合适的，由此可推知，画线短语意为“合适的”与B项“Beavailable.(可利用的；合适的)”意思一样，故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“California’sRedwoodtreesstoremorecarbonthananyotherspecies.Redwoodsarenotsuitableforeveryforestryplot,socreatingclimateadaptabletreesthroughreproducingprogramsthatfitintolocalecosystemsisthegoal.Butintherushtofixtheclimatecrisis,increaseCO₂uptake,andcarbonstorage,GMsupertreesmaybepartofthatsolution.(加利福尼亚的红杉树比其他任何物种都能储存更多 的碳。红杉并不适合每一块林地，因此通过繁殖计划创造适应气候的树木，以适应当地生态系统是目标。但在急于解决气候危机、增加二氧化碳吸收和碳储存的过程中，转基因超级树可能是解决方案的一部分。)”可知，文章主要介绍了转基因超级树可以帮助解决气候危机，A项“超级树可能修复气候。”适合作文章标题，故选A。第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Isyourglassofmilkhalf-fullorhalf-empty?Thissayingisoftenusedtotestpeople’soutlookinasituation;dotheyfocusonthepositives(ahalf-fullglass)orthenegatives(ahalf-emptyone)?___16___—andit’sknowntoboostyourwell-being.Whyisthinkingpositivelygoodforyou?Researchshowsthatpeoplewhoareoptimisticandthinkpositivelytendtoexperiencelessstressandcopewellwhenfacedwithlife’schallenges.Peoplewhoaremorepessimisticmayfindithardtobelievethatthesechallengeswillpass.Scientistshaveevenfoundthatthinkingpositivelycanmakeyoulivelonger.AccordingtoProfessorTaliSharot,beingoptimisticaboutthefuturecanmakeyouhappierandmoresuccessful.___17___Worryingislikeafirealarm.Everybodycanworryfromtimetotime.Worryingcanhelptokeepyousafe—ifyouwereneverworriedandwereoverlypositiveabouthowthingswouldturnout,youwouldn’trecognizerisks.“___18___It’slikeafirealarm,”sayschildpsychotherapistRachelMelville-Thomas.“Thetroubleisthatsometimesitgoesoffwhenthereisn’tahugedangertoface.”Whenthishappens,youcanfeelanxiousandhopelessaboutwhatliesahead.___19___Optimismisshapedbyyourgenes,whichcarrycharacteristicsinheritedfromyourparents,andbywhathappenstoyou.___20___Researchhasshownthatitcanhelptodraworwriteanoutcomethat’spositive—forexample,animageofyouplayingguitar,havingpassedyournextgrade.Imaginingthiscanmotivateyoutoworktoachieveit,suchaspracticingeverydayafterschool.A.Learntothinkpositively.B.Sometimesworryingcandoharmtoourhealth.C.Thewayyouthinkpositivelyornegativelylargelydependsonyourgenes.D.Worryingisourbrainwarningusthattheremightbesomethingthreatening. E.However,nomatteryourstartingpoint,everyonecanlearntobecomemoreoptimistic.F.Thinkingpositively,withabeliefthatmostthingswillturnoutwell,iscalledoptimism.G.This’sbecauseyoubelieveyourgoalsareachievable,whichencouragesyoutoworktowardsthem.【答案】16.F17.G18.D19.A20.E【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了积极的思考带来的好处，以及怎么样学会积极的思考。【16题详解】根据前文“Thissayingisoftenusedtotestpeople’soutlookinasituation;dotheyfocusonthepositives(ahalf-fullglass)orthenegatives(ahalf-emptyone)?(这句话经常被用来测试人们在某种情况下的看法；他们关注的是积极的一面(半满的杯子)还是消极的一面(半空的杯子)?)”以及后文“andit’sknowntoboostyourwell-being.(众所周知，它能促进你的健康)”可知，空处应是讲述积极的影响，所以F项“Thinkingpositively,withabeliefthatmostthingswillturnoutwell,iscalledoptimism.(积极地思考，相信大多数事情都会有好的结果，这叫做乐观主义)”符合文意。故选F项。【17题详解】分析设空，位于段尾，应是对前文的总结，根据前文“Researchshowsthatpeoplewhoareoptimisticandthinkpositivelytendtoexperiencelessstressandcopewellwhenfacedwithlife’schallenges.Peoplewhoaremorepessimisticmayfindithardtobelievethatthesechallengeswillpass.Scientistshaveevenfoundthatthinkingpositivelycanmakeyoulivelonger.AccordingtoProfessorTaliSharot,beingoptimisticaboutthefuturecanmakeyouhappierandmoresuccessful.(研究表明，乐观和积极思考的人在面对生活挑战时往往会经历更少的压力，并能很好地应对。更悲观的人可能很难相信这些挑战会过去。科学家们甚至发现，积极思考可以让你活得更久。根据TaliSharot教授的说法，对未来持乐观态度可以让你更快乐，更成功)”可知，G项“This’sbecauseyoubelieveyourgoalsareachievable,whichencouragesyoutoworktowardsthem.(这是因为你相信你的目标是可以实现的，这鼓励你朝着目标努力)”符合文意，是对前文的总结。故选G项。【18题详解】根据前文“Everybodycanworryfromtimetotime.Worryingcanhelptokeepyousafe—ifyouwereneverworriedandwereoverlypositiveabouthowthingswouldturnout,youwouldn’trecognizerisks.(每个人都会时不时地担心。担心可以帮助你保持安全——如果你从不担心，对事情结果过于乐观，你就不会意识到风险)”可知，本段主要讲述了担心的好处，在根据本段小标题“Worryingislikeafirealarm.(忧虑就像火警)”，可知D项“Worryingisourbrainwarningusthattheremightbesomethingthreatening.(担心是我们的大脑警告我们可能会有威胁)”符合本段主题，其中Worrying为同词复现。故选D项。【19题详解】 分析设空，是本段的小标题，是对本段的高度概括，根据下文“Researchhasshownthatitcanhelptodraworwriteanoutcomethat’spositive—forexample,animageofyouplayingguitar,havingpassedyournextgrade.Imaginingthiscanmotivateyoutoworktoachieveit,suchaspracticingeverydayafterschool.(研究表明，画或写一个积极的结果会有所帮助——例如，你弹吉他的画面，已经通过了下一次考试。想象一下可以激励你去实现它，比如每天放学后练习)”可知，本句主要讲述了，要学会积极的想象一些事情，也就是积极地思考，所以A项“Learntothinkpositively.(学会积极思考)”符合文意。故选A项。【20题详解】根据前文“Optimismisshapedbyyourgenes,whichcarrycharacteristicsinheritedfromyourparents,andbywhathappenstoyou.(乐观是由你的基因塑造的，它带有从你父母那里遗传来的特征，也由你身上发生的事情决定)”以及后文“Researchhasshownthatitcanhelptodraworwriteanoutcomethat’spositive—forexample,animageofyouplayingguitar,havingpassedyournextgrade.Imaginingthiscanmotivateyoutoworktoachieveit,suchaspracticingeverydayafterschool.(研究表明，画或写一个积极的结果会有所帮助——例如，你弹吉他的画面，已经通过了下一次考试。想象一下可以激励你去实现它，比如每天放学后练习)”可知，E项“However,nomatteryourstartingpoint,everyonecanlearntobecomemoreoptimistic.(然而，无论你的出发点是什么，每个人都可以学会变得更加乐观)”和前文构成转折关系，且和后文构成顺承关系。故选E项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwaswaitinginacheckoutline.Awomanandtwoboyswereaheadofme.Atthecashdesk,awhite-hairedmanhadbegunto___21___hisgoods.Thencamethe___22___.Sometimesit’sacustomerwithmultiplecoupons(优惠券),orsomeonewhoforgotto___23___apieceoffruit.Fairenough.Onewaited.Buttoday,itwassomethingelse.Themandidn’thave___24___money.Sohebegantheprocessofchoosingwhich___25___tokeepandwhichtohandback.He___26___overeachonebeforekeepingorabandoningit.Wewaited.Longerlinessurgedahead.Eventually,his___27___cametoanend.Themanturnedbacktousasheleft,___28___andapologetic.We___29___offhischagrin(懊恼).Itcouldhappentoanyone.ButIhadnoideajusthow___30___thefamilyofthreeaheadofmewereuntiltheirturncame.Thewomanaskedthecashiertoaddallthe___31___goodstoherbillasquicklyaspossible.Thenthetwoboys___32___throughtheexitwiththesmallbagofgroceries.Whentheyreturned,itwasclearthattheirmissionhadbeen___33___. ThenIrealizedallittooktowitnessthisflashof___34___waswaitingalittlelongerinacheckoutline.Icouldhavecaughtthebus.ButIfeltso___35___onmyfeetthatIwalkedhomeinstead.21.A.bagB.listC.checkD.receive22.A.questionB.barrierC.difficultyD.conflict23.A.fetchB.sliceC.weighD.taste24.A.adequateB.pocketC.extraD.bonus25.A.toolsB.itemsC.drinksD.snacks26.A.doubtedB.glancedC.shiftedD.paused27.A.delayB.evaluationC.checkupD.selection28.A.thrilledB.anxiousC.embarrassedD.satisfied29.A.blewB.wavedC.cutD.kicked30.A.helplessB.sympatheticC.patientD.annoyed31.A.expensiveB.thrown-awayC.left-behindD.major32.A.dashedB.slippedC.walkedD.moved33.A.accomplishedB.failedC.postponedD.started34.A.tendernessB.courageC.kindnessD.tolerance35.A.fastB.heavyC.clumsyD.light【答案】21.A22.A23.C24.A25.B26.D27.D28.C29.B30.B31.C32.A33.A34.C35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在商店结账时，遇到了一位钱不够老人，排在作者前面的女士和两个男孩为老人留下的物品付了钱，送给了老人。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在收银台，一位白发老人已经开始打包他的货物。A.bag装进袋子；B.list列清单；C.check检查；D.receive收到。根据上文“Atthecashdesk,awhite-hairedmanhadbegunto”可知，指在收银台打包自己要买的物品。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后问题来了。A.question问题；B.barrier障碍；C.difficulty困难；D.conflict冲突。后文“Sometimesit’sacustomerwithmultiplecoupons,orsomeonewhoforgotto”主要描述了在收银台会遇到的问题。故选A。23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时是有很多优惠券顾客，或者是忘记称水果重量的人。A.fetch取来；B.slice切成薄片；C.weigh称重；D.taste品尝。根据上文“Sometimesit’sacustomerwithmultiplecoupons,orsomeonewhoforgotto”主要描述了收银台存在的问题，即有时是有很多优惠券的顾客，或者是忘记称水果重量的人。故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个人没有足够的钱。A.adequate足够的；B.pocket袖珍的；C.extra额外的；D.bonus奖金。根据后文“tokeepandwhichtohandback”可知，老人没有足够的钱买下所有的东西。故选A。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：于是，他开始选择哪些要保留，哪些要归还。A.tools工具；B.items物品；C.drinks饮料；D.snacks小吃。此处指第一段中“hisgoods”提到的物品，他开始选择哪些要保留，哪些要归还。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在每一个东西上都停下来，然后保留或放弃。A.doubted怀疑；B.glanced一撇；C.shifted转移；D.paused暂停。根据后文“Wewaited.Longerlinessurgedahead.(我们等待着。排在前面的队伍越来越长)”可知，他在每一个东西上都停下来，然后保留或放弃。故选D。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，他选完了。A.delay推迟；B.evaluation评估；C.checkup检查；D.selection选择。根据后文“Themanturnedbacktousasheleft”可知，老人终于选完了东西。故选D。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那人离开时转身对着我们，尴尬而又抱歉。A.thrilled激动的；B.anxious焦虑的；C.embarrassed尴尬的；D.satisfied满意的。根据后文“andapologetic”指老人因为耽误了别人的时间尴尬而抱歉。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们挥手示意他不再懊恼。A.blew吹；B.waved挥舞；C.cut切割；D.kicked踢。根据后文“offhischagrin.Itcouldhappentoanyone”可知，队伍后面的人挥手表示不在意，故选B。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我不知道前面那一家三口是多么富有同情心，直到轮到他们。A.helpless无助的；B.sympathetic同情的；C.patient耐心的；D.annoyed生气的。根据后文提到这家人买下了老人的东西送给老人，可知很有同情心。故选B。【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这名妇女要求收银员尽快把所有剩下的货物加到她的账单上。A.expensive昂贵的；B.thrown-away信口开河的；C.left-behind被遗忘的，遗留的；D.major主要的。对应上文“beforekeepingorabandoningit”指老人丢下的东西。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，这两个男孩拿着那小包食品从出口冲了出去。A.dashed猛冲；B.slipped滑动；C.walked散步；D.moved移动。根据上文“goodstoherbillasquicklyaspossible”可知，时间紧急，这两个男孩拿着那小包食品从出口冲了出去。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们回来时，很明显他们的任务已经完成了。A.accomplished完成；B.failed失败；C.postponed延期；D.started开始。根据上文“Whentheyreturned,itwasclearthattheirmissionhadbeen”可知，男孩回来说明东西已经送到了，即任务已经完成了。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我意识到，要见证这一瞬间的善意，只需要在收银台前多等一会儿。A.tenderness柔软；B.courage勇气；C.kindness善良；D.tolerance忍受。根据上文“ThenIrealizedallittooktowitnessthisflashof”指见证了这一家人的善良。故选C。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我觉得我的脚轻松，我走回家了。A.fast快速的；B.heavy沉重的；C.clumsy笨拙的；D.light轻的。根据后文“onmyfeetthatIwalkedhomeinstead”走路回家是因为感觉脚步轻松，故选D。第Ⅱ卷第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ManyforeignersfirstlearnaboutChineseculturethroughnumerousChineserestaurants___36___(find)allovertheworld.ThesecondimpressionofChinesecultureisoftenPekingOpera,___37___masksarenowalmostsymbolicofChina.Manycountriesdesignposters___38___(use)PekingOperamaskstosignala“YearofChineseCulture”.___39___impressespeoplemostistheartisticbeautyofPekingOperamasks,whichservetwopurposes.Oneistoindicatetheidentityandcharacteroftherole.Forexample,aredfacemeansthatthepersonisloyalandbrave___40___awhitefaceidentifiesthepersonasfoxyandevil.Theotherpurposeistoexpresspeople’s___41___(assess)oftherolesfromamoralandaesthetic(美学的)pointofview,suchasrespectable,hatefulornobleetc.ZhangFei,aheroiccharacterfromThreeKingdomsPeriod(220-280),hasa___42___(face)designinthe shapeofabutterfly—___43___perfectcombinationofpersonalityandartisticdesign.ThebeautyofthecoloranddesignofPekingOperamasksaddstotheattractiveperformance___44___stage.Therefore,PekingOperamasks___45___(adopt)asasourceelementindesigningmanyChinesefolkhandicrafts,posters,andfashions.【答案】36.found37.whose38.using39.What40.while41.assessment42.facial43.a44.on45.areadopted【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了京剧脸谱。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多外国人第一次了解中国文化是通过遍布世界各地的中餐馆。动词find和Chineserestaurants之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，故填found。【37题详解】考查定语从句。句意：对中国文化的第二印象往往是京剧，京剧脸谱现在几乎是中国的象征。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是PekingOpera，关系词在从句中作定语，和masks之间是所属关系，应用关系代词whose引导，故填whose。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多国家用京剧脸谱来设计海报，标志着“中国文化年”。动词use和逻辑主语countries之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词，作状语，故填using。【39题详解】考查主语从句。句意：给人印象最深的是京剧脸谱的艺术美，它有两个目的。分析句子可知，空处引导主语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用连接代词what，首字母应大写，故填What。【40题详解】考查连词。句意：例如，红脸意味着这个人忠诚和勇敢，而白脸则意味着这个人狡猾和邪恶。结合句意可知，空前后表示对比，应用连词while，故填while。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：另一个目的是表达人们从道德和审美的角度对角色的评价，比如可敬的、可恨的或高贵的等等。结合空前的people’s可知，此处应填名词作宾语，assessment评价，不可数名词，故填assessment。 【42题详解】考查形容词。句意：张飞是三国时期（220-280）的英雄人物，他的面部设计是蝴蝶形的——个性与艺术设计的完美结合。此处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词design，facial面部的，形容词，故填facial。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意同上。combination用作可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，perfect是以辅音音素开头的次，应用a，故填a。【44题详解】考查介词。句意：京剧脸谱的色彩和图案之美为舞台上的表演增添了吸引力。onstage在舞台上，固定短语，故填on。【45题详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：因此，京剧脸谱被用作许多中国民间工艺品、海报和时装设计的来源元素。主语masks和动词adopt之间是被动关系，且句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是名词复数，be动词用are，故填areadopted。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节：应用文写作(满分15分)46.为缓解学生压力，确保健康，创设一个能抒发情绪、获得专业心理指导的平台，你校英文报新开设了一个专栏“心灵之约”。请你介绍该专栏，内容包括：1．专栏开设目的；2．专栏内容；3．你的感想。注意：1．写作词数应为80左右：2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。AnewcolumncalledListentoYourHeartissetupinourschoolnewspaper.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】AnewcolumncalledListentoYourHeartissetupinourschoolnewspaper.Itisaimedatrelievingpressureandimprovingstudents’mentalhealth.Thecolumnhastheuniqueadvantagethattheexpertsinpsychologycangiveustheexpertiseandguidance, whichcoverthevoicesorfeelingsfromstudents’innerspiritsandprofessionalsuggestions.Frommypointofview,notonlydoesourschoolattachimportancetoourstudy,butalsoputourmentalhealthatthetopofthelist.Italsoprovidesaplatformforustocommunicatewithothers.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生介绍校英文报新开设的专栏“心灵之约”，包括专栏开设目的、专栏内容及你的感想。【详解】1.词汇积累压力：pressure→stress改善：improve→better/enhance独特的：unique→distinctive建议：suggestion→advice2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Italsoprovidesaplatformforustocommunicatewithothers.拓展句：Italsoprovidesaplatformwherewecancommunicatewithothers.【点睛】【高分句型1】Thecolumnhastheuniqueadvantagethattheexpertsinpsychologycangiveustheexpertiseandguidance,whichcoverthevoicesorfeelingsfromstudents’innerspiritsandprofessionalsuggestions.（运用了that引导的同位语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句）【高分句型2】Frommypointofview,notonlydoesourschoolattachimportancetoourstudy,butalsoputourmentalhealthatthetopofthelist.（运用了notonly…butalso…句型和部分倒装）第二节读后续写(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。“Jane!LookwhoIbroughthome!”Myfatherstuckhisheadoutfrombehindthedoor,flashingabigsmile.MyheartskippedabeatasImouthed,“Adog?”Nodding,myfatherpushedthedooropen,revealingalargeGermanShepherd.Igraspedmyhandstightlyovermymouthandfailedtoholdbackasharpscream.Rushingbackintomyroom,Ilockedthedoorandcoveredthegapbetweenitandthefloorwithtape.IhadastrongfearandgreathateofdogseversinceIwasbittenbyonebadlyontheface,leavingahugeanddeepscar(伤疤).Idecidedtostayinmyroomuntilthedoghadgoneforawalkwithmyfather.Afterwhatseemedlikeages,Iheardthedooropenandshut.“Finally!Icangetoutofhere,”Ithought.Outofgreatjoy,Ithrewopenthedoorandpunched(用拳猛击)theair.Atthatmoment,Ifeltsomethingwettouchingmyfoot.Tomyshock,itwasthedog!Istoodthere,scaredandshockedasifmyfeetwererootedtotheground.When Iregainedmycalmness,Ishoutedloudly,“Ahhh!Itisthedog!Help!Hewantstobiteme!Gethimawayfromme!”Myfatherwasstandingatthedoor,foldinghisarmsandlaughingquietly.“Heisnotgoingtoeatyou!Jane,don’tbesoscared.Goon!Touchhim!”hesaid.Attemptingtoshowmyunwillingness,Ifailedtodosoduetomyconstantanduncontrollableshaking.Instead,Ishoutedloudly,“Never!Iwillnevertouchthatdirtything!Goaway!”Ipickedupatennisballonthetableandaimedatthedogbutmissed,causingtheballtorollacrossthelivingroom.注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。Thedogbarkedexcitedlybeforerunningacrosstheroomtofetchtheballandbringitbacktome.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thefollowingday,gatheringmycourage,Idecidedtofollowmyfatherwhenhetookthedogoutforawalk.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Thedogbarkedexcitedlybeforerunningacrosstheroomtofetchtheballandbringitbacktome.Iwasabouttoopenmymouthtosay“Socute”,butIresistedtheurgeandshouted,“Stupiddog!Thatismyfavouritetennisballandyoujustcovereditwithyourmouthliquid!Youstupiddog!”Unfortunately,thelookonmyfacesoldmeout.Iwaslaughing,myeyeslitupandIstartedtopetthedog.Hewasjustsocuteandlovable,andbegantolieonhisstomachbesidemyfeet,enjoyingmytouchwithhiseyesslightlyclosed.Thefollowingday,gatheringmycourage,Idecidedtofollowmyfatherwhenhetookthedogoutforawalk.Filledwithjoyandenthusiasm,Iopenedthegate.JustasIputonefootoutsidethegate,suddenly,deepbarkssoundedfromupahead.Atthesightofseveraldogswonderingthere,Istoppedwithmylegstrembling!Allatonce,mydog violentlybarkedback,causingthedogstofleeaway.Iregainedmycalmness,smiledandpraisedmydog.Wethreewalkedon,breathingthesweetair.Fromthatdayon,Iovercamemyproblem—myfearofdogs.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者因为小时候被狗咬伤，导致她很怕狗，她的的父亲买了一只德国牧羊犬，在这只狗的陪伴下，作者克服了她的问题——怕狗。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“那只狗兴奋地叫了一声，然后跑过房间把球捡回来给我。”可知，第一段可描写作者被狗的可爱打动。②由第二段首句内容“第二天，我鼓起勇气，决定跟着爸爸出去遛狗。”可知，第二段可描写作者克服了她怕狗的问题。2.续写线索：小时被狗咬伤——怕狗——父亲带回一只狗——被狗的可爱打动——克服怕狗3.词汇激活行为类①吠叫：barked/howled/yapped②催促：urge/impulse③出卖了我：soldmeout/betrayedme/revealedmytruefeelings情绪类①喜悦：joy/pleasure/delight②热情：enthusiasm/passion【点睛】[高分句型1]Hewasjustsocuteandlovable,andbegantolieonhisstomachbesidemyfeet,enjoyingmytouchwithhiseyesslightlyclosed.(现在分词作伴随状语)[高分句型2]Filledwithjoyandenthusiasm,Iopenedthegate.(过去分词作状语)听力：1-5CBABA6-10BABCC11-15CBCAC16-20BAABC