山东省菏泽市2022-2023学年高一英语下学期4月期中试题（A卷）（Word版附解析）

2022-2023学年度第二学期期中考试高一英语试题(A)注意事项：1.本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，考生务必将姓名、班级等个人信息填写在答题卡指定位置。3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答。超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdidthemandowhenhewasyounger?A.Hejoinedaswimteam.B.HestudiedatHarvardUniversity.C.Hetrieddifferentkindsofexercise.2.Howmuchwillthewomanprobablypayforhercar?A.$5,000.B.$30,000.C.$35,000.3.Whatarethespeakersinterestedin?A.Cars.B.Houses.C.Nature.4.Whyisthemanreturninghisshoes?A.Thesizeistoobig.A.Thesizeistoobig.B.Hedislikesthecolor.C.There’saholeinashoe.5.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Takearest.B.Workharder.C.Eatsomething.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独自前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6,7题。6.Whatisthemandoing?A.Talkingtohimself.B.Makingaphonecall.C.Learningalanguage.7.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftechnology?A.Itstilldependsonbrains.B.Itmakeslearningeasier.C.Itsetsourbrainsfree.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Howwillthewomangethome?A.Bycar.B.Bybike.C.Onfoot.9.Whydoesthewomanrefusetheman’soffer?A.Shewantstodosomeexercise.B.Shelikestherainyday.C.She’sgoingtotheclub.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whowillpayforthemeal?A.Amy.B.Kate.C.Tom.11.Whatwillthemanprobablycat?A.Hamburgers.BChickenburgers.C.Carrotburgers.12.Whattimewillthemanarriveattherestaurant?A.Atnoon.B.At12:10.C.At1:00p.m.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Atravelplan.B.Italianculture.C.AtourofItaly.14.WhereisSardinia?A.TotheeastofSicily. B.TothewestofSicily.C.TothesouthofSicily.15.WhatdidthemandoeverydayinItaly?A.Hehadashortsleep.B.Heswamintheocean.C.Herestedonthebeach.16.Whendothelocalsclosetheirstoresinltaly?A.Inthemorning.B.Intheafternoon.C.Intheevening.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.HowmanyNBAchampionshiptitlesdidKobeBryantwin?A.3.B.5C.8.18.WherewasKobeBryantborn?A.InReggio.B.InLosAngeles.C.InPhiladelphia.19.WhatdidKobeBryantdoin1996?A.HejoinedtheNBA.B.Hewenttouniversity.C.Hescored81pointsinagame.20.WhydidKobewanttolearnChinese?A.Tobeaherooftheworld.B.TogetsupportfromChina.C.TohelpeducationinChina.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhiteNightsFestivalSt.Petersburg,Russia(May26July23)PictureasunnywalkdownthestreetsofoneofEurope’smostbeautifulandculturedcities.Stoptoobservegrandcanals,parksarchitecture,andmanyotherhistoricallandmarks,allinthemiddleofthenight!TheWhiteNightsFestivalaimstoimproveculturalexchangesbetweenRussiaandtherestoftheworld.ItwasalsocreatedtoimprovetheimageofRussiaandpromoteitasaworldcenterforthearts.SongkranFestivalThailand(April13-15)SongkranFestival,markingthetraditionalThaiNewYear,takesplaceacrossthecountry.Inadditionto sightseeingatlocaltemples,peoplefloodthestreetstotakepartinlargewaterfights.Thethrowingofwaterisasignofrespectandwell-wishing,asbelievershopetoremovebadluck.ExitFestivalNoviSad,Serbia(July6-9)ExitFestivalisamulti-typemusicfestivalinNoviSad,Serbia.HugelyrespectedthroughoutEuropeandacrosstheglobe,thefestivalhasbecoméaregular(常客)on“bestintheworld”lists.Knownforitshugevariety,ExitFestivalwelcomesglobalstarsofrock,pop,dance,hip-hopandmoretothePetrovaradinFortressonthebanksoftheDanube.SnowStarFestivalSinakaraValley,Peru(DatesvarybetweenMayJune)Tensofthousandsofpilgrims(朝圣者)crowdtheSinakaraandeanvalleyintheCuscoregionwithdancersinbeautifulskirtsperformingnon-stopoverthreedays.KnownastheSnowStarFestival,thegatheringfallsinlinewiththereappearanceofthestarcluster(星团)(PleiadesintheSouthernHemisphere,markingtheabundanceoftheharvestseason).1.WhatmakestheWhiteNightsFestivaldifferentfromtheotherthreefestivals?A.Itisheldinsummereveryyear.B.Itconnectsworldwidepeopletogether.C.Itisauniquewaytopromotearts.D.Viewerscanenjoysceneryatnight.2.Whereshouldyougoifyouareinterestedinmusic?A.St.Petersburg,RussiaB.ThailandC.NoviSad,SerbiaD.SinakaraValley,Peru3.WhatisthespecialmeaningoftheSnowStarFestival?A.Ithasalottodowithharvest.B.Itsopeningtimeisnotfixed.C.ItisinhonorofthePleiades.D.Itattractsmanygooddancers.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是四个外国的节日的相关情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据WhiteNightsFestival部分的“Stoptoobservegrandcanals,parksarchitecture,andmanyotherhistoricallandmarks,allinthemiddleofthenight!(停下来观察大运河、公园建筑和许多其他历史地标，所有这些都是在半夜！)”可知，WhiteNightsFestival和其他三个节日的不同之处在于观众可以在晚上欣赏风景。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据ExitFestival部分的“ExitFestivalisamulti-typemusicfestivalinNoviSad,Serbia.HugelyrespectedthroughoutEuropeandacrosstheglobe,thefestivalhasbecoméaregular(常客)on“bestintheworld”lists.Knownforitshugevariety,ExitFestivalwelcomesglobalstarsofrock,pop,dance,hip-hopandmoretothePetrovaradinFortressonthebanksoftheDanube.(ExitFestival是塞尔维亚诺维萨德的一个多类型音乐节。在欧洲和全球范围内广受尊敬，该节日已成为“世界最佳”榜单的常客。Exit音乐节以其种类繁多而闻名，欢迎全球摇滚、流行、舞蹈、嘻哈等明星来到多瑙河岸边的PetrovaradinFortress)”和本部分的地方“NoviSad,Serbia(塞尔维亚诺维萨德)”可知，如果你对音乐感兴趣，你应该去NoviSad,Serbia。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据SnowStarFestival部分的“KnownastheSnowStarFestival,thegatheringfallsinlinewiththereappearanceofthestarcluster(星团)(PleiadesintheSouthernHemisphere,markingtheabundanceoftheharvestseason).(这次聚会被称为雪星节，与星团（南半球的昴宿星团，标志着丰收季节的丰饶）的重新出现一致)”可知，SnowStarFestival与收获有很大关系。故选A。BWhenWuillyArteagawasyounger,heoftenvisitedalocalInternetcafétolearnhowtoplaymusic.Thecaféownermadeadealwithhim;he’dgiveArteagasomecashifhehelpedaroundthebusiness.Arteagathenusedthatmoneytobuyacheapviolin.Hisparents,however,preventedhimfromplayingtheviolin.Atage15,Arteagadecidedtoleavehomeandpracticehismusiconthestreets.“Fromthenon,mymusicschoolhasalwaysbeenoutside,”hesaid.In2017,hemovedtoNewYorkCity.Arteagawasafraidofbeingunimportantinacityofsomuchtalent(人才)andsomanycultureswhenhefirstarrived,butlaterhebecamecomfortablethankstothesubway,othermusiciansandwithhisviolinbyhisside.OneofhisfavoriteplacestoperforminthecityisTimesSquare.“There,it’sasifI’mplayingatMadisonSquareGarden,whereconcertsareusuallyheld.Peoplescreamandapplaud(鼓掌)anddancelikethey’reataconcert.Theymakemefeellikeastar,”heexplained.Theenergyandjoyfromhisperformanceswerepostedonlinein2018byasocialmediainfluencerwhogoes bythenameJunebug.AsArteagaperformedahip-hopsonginTimesSquare,JunebugandotherspartookinthefunwithpracticallyeverydancepossibletoshowtheirexcitementathearingArteaga’sviolin.Thevideowastitled,“WhenNewYorkershearaviolin,”anditreceivedover320thousandlikesandwasforwarded120thousandtimes.ManypeoplehaverecognisedArteaga’sgiftforviolin.“Idon’tregardmyselfasagiftedplayer.Ijustkeepmylovefortheviolinandenjoythepleasureitbrings,”hesaid.“Here,daybyday,Iamlearningitstruemeaning.”4.WhydidWuillyArteagaleavehishome?A.Tomakemoneytosupporthisfamily.B.Tostudymusicinaschool.C.Tohelpacaféownerwithhisbusiness.D.Tofollowhismusicdream.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutWuillyArteaga’sexperienceinNewYork?A.Hehadlittleconfidenceatfirst.B.Hebecameamusicstarinthecity.C.HegotpaidbyperformingatTimesSquare.D.HeheldaconcertatMadisonSquareGarden.6.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“partookin”meaninparagraph3?A.Reportedon.B.Joinedin.C.Dependedon.D.Searchedfor.7.WhatdoesWuillyArteaga’sstoryshowtous?A.Knowledgeispower.B.Nothingisimpossible.C.Interestisthebestteacher.D.It’snevertoolatetolearn.【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了WuillyArteaga坚持不懈追求自己的音乐梦想，最终得到了认可的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Hisparents,however,preventedhimfromplayingtheviolin.Atage15,Arteagadecidedtoleavehomeandpracticehismusiconthestreets.“Fromthenon,mymusicschoolhasalwaysbeenoutside,”hesaid.(然而，他的父母不让他拉小提琴。15岁时，Arteaga决定离开家，到街上练习音乐。“从那时起，我的音乐学校就一直在外面，”他说)”可知，WuillyArteaga离开他的家是为了追寻他的音乐梦想。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Arteagawasafraidofbeingunimportantinacityofsomuchtalent(人才)andsomanycultureswhenhefirstarrived,butlaterhebecamecomfortablethankstothesubway,othermusiciansand withhisviolinbyhisside.(刚到的时候，Arteaga害怕在一个人才济济、文化多元的城市里不被重视，但后来由于地铁、其他音乐家和身边的小提琴，他变得自在了)”可知，起初WuillyArteaga在纽约没有什么信心。故选A。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“funwithpracticallyeverydancepossibletoshowtheirexcitementathearingArteaga’sviolin”可知，当Arteaga在时代广场表演嘻哈歌曲时，Junebug和其他人几乎用每一种舞蹈来分享加入到这种乐趣中，以显示他们听到Arteaga小提琴时的兴奋。故画线词意思是“加入”。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ManypeoplehaverecognisedArteaga’sgiftforviolin.“Idon’tregardmyselfasagiftedplayer.Ijustkeepmylovefortheviolinandenjoythepleasureitbrings,”hesaid.“Here,daybyday,Iamlearningitstruemeaning.”(很多人都认可Arteaga的小提琴天赋。“我不认为自己是一个有天赋的演奏家。我只是保持着对小提琴的热爱，享受它带来的快乐。”“在这里，日复一日，我正在了解它的真正含义。”)”结合文章主要讲述了WuillyArteaga坚持不懈追求自己的音乐梦想，最终得到了认可的故事。可推知，故事告诉我们兴趣是最好的老师。故选C。CJingdezhenisfamousasChina’sporcelain(瓷器)capital.ItwasoneofthestopsofagroupofinternationalyouthsastheyvisitedJiangxiProvince.Thegroup’svisittoJingdezhenwasorganisedbythe2022GlobalYoungLeadersDialogue(GYLD)ChinaToursprogram.TheprogramoffersyoungpeoplearoundtheworldachancetoexperienceChineseculture,learnaboutthelifeofthenation’speople,andappreciateChina’sbeautifulscenerythroughinterestingvisitsandexchangesthattakethemalloverthecountry.InJingdezhen,theyvisitedImperialKiln(御窑)Museum.“BeforeIcametotheImperialKilnMuseum,Ihadnoideaitwouldtakesuchacomplicated(复杂的)processtorestore(修复)apieceofporcelainleftoverfromancienttimes,”AmericanTVhostStevenWeatherssaid.“Evenwiththehelpofhightechnology,itishardtoimaginehowmanymodernmeanshaveplayedapartintheprocessofculturalrelicprotection,”headded.DariaLisaia,aresearcherfromVankeUrbanResearchinShenzhen,sharedWeathers’opinion.Someporcelainmusicalinstrumentshavebeenproducedwiththeseimperialkilnsfromancientdaysandtraditionaltoolsformakingporcelain,sowecan“hearthemusic”fromhundredsofyearsago,shesaid.“It’slikeancientcultureisreborn,”sheexplained.Inadditiontoexploringtheporcelainart,thegroupalsocametoHuanglingVillageinWuyuanCounty,anancientvillagearound80kmeastofJingdezhen.Huanglingwasoncepackedwithrun-downhousesandbuildings. Changesbegantotakeplacein2009,withover80percentoftheoldhousesrestored.Today,manypeoplecomeheretoenjoyitshistoricscenesandnaturalbeauty.Inearlyautumn,largebamboobasketsfilledwithcrops,suchaschilies,pumpkinsandchrysanthemumflowers,areplacedinfrontofthelocalhouses.Localsdryandpreservetheircropsforwinter.Today,thelongstandingpracticehasbecomeasymboloflocalcultureandanimportantpartoftourism.8.Whatisthepurposeofthe2022GYLDChinaToursprogram?A.ToprotecttraditionalChineseculture.B.ToletpeopleknowmoreaboutChina.C.ToattractmorepeopletoJingdezhen.D.Tolearnancientskillsfromlocalpeople.9.WhatdidStevenWeatherssayabouttherestorationofculturalrelics?A.Itisnotaneasyjob.B.Itisveryeasytolearn.C.Traditionalwaysarebetter.D.Newtechnologiesspeedtheprocess.10.Whyhavesomeporcelainmusicalinstrumentsbeenproduced?A.Tocreatenewinstruments.B.Tokeepupwiththetimes.C.Tobringbackancientmusic.D.Toshowgoodporcelainskills.11.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutHuanglingVillage?A.Itislosingitstraditions.B.Itisnowatouristattraction.C.Itshouldspeedupitsprogress.D.Itshoulddevelopanewindustry.【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是2022年GYLD中国之旅项目组织的对景德镇的访问。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“TheprogramoffersyoungpeoplearoundtheworldachancetoexperienceChineseculture,learnaboutthelifeofthenation’speople,andappreciateChina’sbeautifulscenerythroughinteresting visitsandexchangesthattakethemalloverthecountry.(该项目为世界各地的年轻人提供了一个体验中国文化、了解中国人民生活、通过有趣的访问和交流欣赏中国美丽风景的机会。)”可知，2022年GYLD中国之旅的目的是让人们更多地了解中国。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段StevenWeathers所说的话“BeforeIcametotheImperialKilnMuseum,Ihadnoideaitwouldtakesuchacomplicated(复杂的)processtorestore(修复)apieceofporcelainleftoverfromancienttimes(在我来到皇窑博物馆之前，我不知道修复一件古代遗留下来的瓷器需要这么复杂的过程)”和“Evenwiththehelpofhightechnology,itishardtoimaginehowmanymodernmeanshaveplayedapartintheprocessofculturalrelicprotection(即使在高科技的帮助下，很难想象有多少现代手段在文物保护过程中发挥了作用)”可知，StevenWeathers觉得文物修复不是一件容易的工作。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“It’slikeancientcultureisreborn(就像古老的文化重生了)”可知，生产一些瓷器乐器是为了让古老的音乐重现。故选C。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Today,manypeoplecomeheretoenjoyitshistoricscenesandnaturalbeauty.(今天，许多人来这里欣赏它的历史景象和自然美景。)”可知，HuanglingVillage现在是一个旅游景点。故选B。DWinterisover,sochancesareyou’rereadyforsomemajorspringcleaningorcleansing.Whetheryouplantocleanyourbedroomorwipethewindows,don’tforgettotidyupthekitchen!Accordingtoastudy,amessy(凌乱的)cookingspacecanleadtoovereating.Aspartofthestudy,101femalestudentswereputinstandardkitchenandmessykitchenenvironmentsandwereaskedtowriteaboutatimewhentheyfeltincontroloroutofcontrol.Next,theyweregivencookies,crackersandcarrots.Studentsinthe“messykitchen”whowroteaboutfeelingoutofcontrolateabouttwiceasmanycookiesasthepeopleinthein-controlsituation.Theresearchersfoundthatamessyenvironmentcanactuallymakepeoplemorelikelytoeatunhealthyfoods,buttheperson’smindset(思维模式)withinthatenvironmentcaneithertriggerorprotectagainstovereating.Inthemessykitchen,womenwhowroteaboutatimewhentheyfeltincontrolconsumedfewercookiecaloriesthanthewomenwhowroteaboutbeingoutofcontrol.Astheresearcherspointedoutourmindsetaffectswhetherwewinovereatunhealthyfoodswhileinamessykitchen.Ifwegointothekitchenwithan“in-control?”attitude,wemightnoteatasmanycookies.Butthenagain, whynottryoutcleaningupthekitchenandseewhatitdoes?Everythingthatfeedsyoudoesn’tcomeonaplatesuchasyourrelationships,physicalactivity,andspirituality.Yourhomeenvironmentisalsoabigpartofthatnourishment(营养).Sowhetheryoutidyupyourkitchenoryourlivingroom-beingmindfulofyourlivingspace(justlikeyourdiet!)canhaveapositiveeffectonhealth.12.Whywerethestudentsaskedtowriteiftheywerefeelingincontrolornot?A.Tofindouttherelationshipbetweentheenvironmentandmindsets.B.Tolearnifthecouldchoosetherightamountoffoodtoeat.C.Toseetheeffectofthemindsetoneating.D.Tomakethemstaylonginthekitchen.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“trigger”inparagraph3mean?A.Breakup.B.Dependon.C.Holdback.D.Setoff.14.Whatsuggestiondoestheauthorgive?A.Keepingyourlivingspaceclean.B.Stayingawayfromunhealthyfood.C.Protectingyourselfagainstovereating.D.Findingsuitablewaystoslayhealthy.15.Whattypeofwritingisthetextlikelytobe?A.Anannouncement.B.Aresearchreport.C.Astudyplan.D.Amedicalreport.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究表明，凌乱的烹饪空间会导致暴饮暴食。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Aspartofthestudy,101femalestudentswereputinstandardkitchenandmessykitchenenvironmentsandwereaskedtowriteaboutatimewhentheyfeltincontroloroutofcontrol.Next,they weregivencookies,crackersandcarrots.Studentsinthe“messykitchen”whowroteaboutfeelingoutofcontrolateabouttwiceasmanycookiesasthepeopleinthein-controlsituation.”(作为研究的一部分，101名女学生被安排在标准的厨房和凌乱的厨房环境中，并被要求写下她们在控制或失去控制时的感受。接下来，给她们曲奇饼干、咸饼干和胡萝卜。在“凌乱的厨房”中，那些写下感觉失控的学生吃的饼干大约是处于控制状态的学生的两倍。)可知，学生们被要求写下她们是否感觉在控制之中是为了看看心态对饮食的影响。故选C项。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Theresearchersfoundthatamessyenvironmentcanactuallymakepeoplemorelikelytoeatunhealthyfoods”（研究人员发现，凌乱的环境实际上会让人们更有可能吃不健康的食物）以及“Inthemessykitchen,womenwhowroteaboutatimewhentheyfeltincontrolconsumedfewercookiecaloriesthanthewomenwhowroteaboutbeingoutofcontrol.”（在凌乱的厨房里，那些描述自己处于控制状态的女性比那些描述自己处于失控状态的女性摄入的饼干卡路里要少。）可知，人们在这种环境中的心态可以引发或防止暴饮暴食，故可猜测，划线单词trigger为“引发”的意思，结合选项D项Setoff“引起，激起”意思一致。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Yourhomeenvironmentisalsoabigpartofthatnourishment(营养).Sowhetheryoutidyupyourkitchenoryourlivingroom-beingmindfulofyourlivingspace(justlikeyourdiet!)canhaveapositiveeffectonhealth.”（你的家庭环境也是这种营养的重要组成部分。所以，无论你是整理厨房还是客厅，注意你的生活空间(就像你的饮食一样！)都会对健康产生积极的影响。）可推知，作者给出的建议是保持生活空间整洁。故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“Accordingtoastudy,amessy(凌乱的)cookingspacecanleadtoovereating.”（根据一项研究，凌乱的烹饪空间会导致暴饮暴食。）和倒数第二段中“Astheresearcherspointedout,ourmindsetaffectswhetherwewinovereatunhealthyfoodswhileinamessykitchen.”（正如研究人员指出的那样，我们的心态会影响我们在凌乱的厨房里是否会吃得过多。）可推知，这篇文章可能是一份研究报告。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Smalleco-friendly(利于环保的)decisionscanadduptomakeahugedifferencetoourplanet.Beingeco-friendlydoesn’tneedtoemptyyourwalletwhenyoutravel.___16___ Makeflightsalittlegreenerifyouneedtotakeaflightforatrip.Doyouknowflyingfirstclasscanbemorethanfivetimesasheavyoncarbonperpersonasflyingeconomyclass,accordingtostudies?Whynotflyeconomyclass?___17___Therefore,youcutdownontheweightoftheairplaneandsavefuelandbaggagecharges.___18___Ifpossible,choosethetraininsteadofaflight.Thosetravelerswhoseektoreducecarbonemissionsshouldseriouslyconsiderrailtravel,especiallyforlongdistances.Eatanddrinklocally.StepawayfromStarbucksandMcDonald’sandseekoutthebestinlocalproduce.JonathanEngels,fromGreenGlobalTravel,recommendsseekingouttraditionallocaldishesratherthanimportedstufftorecreatethesameunhealthyfoodwetrytoavoidathome.___19___Ifyouchooseavegetariandiet,itisevenbetter.Donotdisturb.Oneofthesimplestwaysyoucanhelptheenvironmentisbyhangingupa“Donotdisturb”signonyourdoor.___20___Yousavetheelectricityneededtovacuum(用吸尘器打扫)，andthewaterneededtowashsheetsandcleanbathrooms,nottomentiontheharmfulchemicalsusedinthecleaningprocess.Bestofall,somehotelchainsrewardyouforchoosingnottohaveyourroomcleaned.A.Slowdownyourtravels.BPlanhowtotravelinadvance.C.Itmeansyoucanconserveenergy.D.Haveanenjoyablemealwithfriendsorfamily.E.Youcanalsohelpbypackingaslightaspossible.F.Herearesomeeasytipstomakeadifferenceonholiday.G.Streetfoodisalwaysacheapwaytoexperiencethebestaregionoffers.【答案】16.F17.E18.A19.G20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。现在人们对其碳足迹的兴趣越来越大，本文介绍了几种在工作中通过改变交通方式来为低碳环保事业做贡献的方法及其效果。【16题详解】根据空前“Smalleco-friendly(利于环保的)decisionscanadduptomakeahugedifferencetoourplanet.Beingeco-friendlydoesn’tneedtoemptyyourwalletwhenyoutravel.（小小的环保决定累积起来会对我们的地球产生巨大的影响。环保并不需要在旅行时掏空你的钱包。）”以及下文的建议，可知，空处引出下文。提出建议。F项“Herearesomeeasytipstomakeadifferenceonholiday.（这里有一些简单的小贴士可以让你的假期与众不同。）”故选F。 【17题详解】根据空前“Whynotflyeconomyclass?(为什么不坐经济舱呢?）”可知，这里建议出行做经济舱，以及空后“Therefore,youcutdownontheweightoftheairplaneandsavefuelandbaggagecharges.（因此，你减少了飞机的重量，节省了燃料和行李费用。）”可知，建议我们少带一些行李。E项“Youcanalsohelpbypackingaslightaspossible.（你也可以尽量轻装上阵。）”。符合语境。故选E。【18题详解】根据空处位置，可知是段落主旨句，上下段的建议都是祈使句，以及空后“Ifpossible,choosethetraininsteadofaflight.Thosetravelerswhoseektoreducecarbonemissionsshouldseriouslyconsiderrailtravel,especiallyforlongdistances.（如果可能的话，选择火车而不是飞机。那些寻求减少碳排放的旅行者应该认真考虑铁路旅行，尤其是长途旅行。）”，可知，建议长途旅行寻则较慢的交通方式。A项“Slowdownyourtravels.（放慢你的旅行速度。）”。符合语境。故选A。【19题详解】根据空后“Ifyouchooseavegetariandiet,itisevenbetter.（如果你选择素食，那就更好了。）”可知，这里是饮食的建议。G项“Streetfoodisalwaysacheapwaytoexperiencethebestaregionoffers.（街头小吃总是一种廉价的方式来体验一个地区提供的最好的东西。）”。符合语境。故选G。【20题详解】根据空前“Oneofthesimplestwaysyoucanhelptheenvironmentisbyhangingupa“Donotdisturb”signonyourdoor.（保护环境最简单的方法之一就是在门上挂一个“请勿打扰”的牌子。）”可知，不让客房服务天天来打扫房间，是一种环保方法。以及空后“Yousavetheelectricityneededtovacuum(用吸尘器打扫)，andthewaterneededtowashsheetsandcleanbathrooms，nottomentiontheharmfulchemicalsusedinthecleaningprocess.（你节省了吸尘所需的电力、洗床单和清洁浴室所需的水，更不用说清洁过程中使用的有害化学物质了。）”可知，这里介绍了节约能源的方式。C项“Itmeansyoucanconserveenergy.（这意味着你可以节约能源。）”符合语境。故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenbrothersPeteandMikeMitchellwereintheirtwenties,theydreamedofrunningtheirownbusiness.In1999,theirfirstshop,Mitchell’sHomemadeIceCream,openedinWestlake.Sincethen,Mitchell’shascontinuously___21___Therearenow10locationsacrossCleveland.Peteremembersbeing___22___whenthebrothersstartedtheirbusiness.Addingtothe___23___:Theirmotherhelpedthemsecureabusinessloan(贷款)fromthebank.Althoughtheirmomwas___24___,shewas worried.Indeed，itwasn’tallsmoothsailing(一帆风顺)atthe___25___.“WhenMitchell’sopened,therewasn’talineof___26___,”Petesaid.“Wewouldgothroughlonghourswhenwedidn’thaveasingleguest.___27___,thingsgotalittlebusier.”Today,PeteandMikemostlyworkbehindthe___28___.Petemanagesdozensofteammembers.Mikecreatesnew___29___forMitchell’smenu.Youmight___30___thatbecausetheyownanicecreamshop,PeteandMikeeatlotsoficecream.Petesaysthatis___31___true.Theicecreamthebrotherseatissplitintotwo___32___:tastingforworkandeatingforfun.“Tastingisreallyfortryingtopayattentiontotheflavours(味道)，”Petesaid.HeandMikealsoeaticecreamintheirdailylivesfor___33___,“becauseit’ssweetanddelicious.”MostofMitchell’s___34___hascomefromwordofmouth.Theirshopsdominimaladvertising.Instead,they___35___theproductandtheguestexperience.TheyhopetocontinuetoservetheiricecreamacrossClevelandforyearstocome.21.A.increasedB.widenedC.enlargedD.developed22.A.excitedB.nervousC.confidentD.disappointed23.A.pressureB.costC.confusionD.challenge24.A.capableB.responsibleC.supportiveD.cheerful25.A.momentB.startC.endD.bottom26.A.strangersB.professionalsC.soldiersD.customers27.A.InstantlyB.GraduallyC.GenerallyD.Obviously28.A.maskB.timesC.scenesD.news29.A.pricesB.locationsC.flavoursD.projects30.A.assumeB.doubtC.findD.expect31.A.hardlyB.alreadyC.almostD.partly32.A.occasionsB.branchesC.categoriesD.fields33.A.charityB.enjoymentC.researchD.fame34.A.improvementB.profitsC.ideasD.popularity35.A.focusonB.liveonC.dependonD.workon【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C25.B26.D27.B28.C29.C30.A31.D32.C33.B34.D35.A【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述皮特·米切尔和迈克·米切尔兄弟两人创业的经历。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，米切尔的生意不断发展。A.increased增加；B.widened变宽；C.enlarged扩大；D.developed发展。根据下文“Therearenow10locationsacrossCleveland.”可知，生意是不断壮大发展的。故选D。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：皮特还记得兄弟俩创业时他很紧张。A.excited激动的；B.nervous紧张的；C.confident有信心的；D.disappointed失望的。根据下文“Indeed,itwasn’tallsmoothsailing(一帆风顺)”可知，开始创业时皮特是感到紧张的。故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：更大的压力是：他们的母亲帮助他们从银行获得了一笔商业贷款。A.pressure压力；B.cost代价；C.confusion困惑；D.challenge挑战。根据下文“Theirmotherhelpedthemsecureabusinessloan(贷款)fromthebank.”可知，为了帮助他们，母亲从银行给他们获得了一笔商业贷款。这增加了皮特的压力。故选A。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然他们的妈妈很支持，但她也很担心。A.capable有能力的；B.responsible有责任的；C.supportive赞同的；支持的；D.cheerful高兴的。根据前文“Theirmotherhelpedthemsecureabusinessloan(贷款)fromthebank.”可知，母亲对皮特兄弟的创业是赞同的，支持的。故选C。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，一开始并非一帆风顺。A.moment片刻；B.start开始；C.end结束；D.bottom底端。根据下文“WhenMitchell’sopened,therewasn’talineof　　　6　　　”可知，这里讲述的创业之初，事情进展不顺利。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“当米切尔开张的时候，没有顾客排队，”皮特说。“我们会在一个客人都没有的时候度过很长时间。渐渐地，事情变得有点忙了。”A.strangers陌生人；B.professionals专业；C.soldiers战士；D.customers顾客。根据下文“Wewouldgothroughlonghourswhenwedidn’thaveasingleguest”可知，在开业之初，他们的店没有顾客。故选D。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“当米切尔开张的时候，没有顾客排队，”皮特说。“我们会在一个客人都没有的时候度过很长时间。渐渐地，事情变得有点忙了。”A.Instantly立刻；马上；B.Gradually逐渐地；C.Generally一般地；D.Obviously显而易见地。根据下文“thingsgotalittlebusier” ，相比前文讲述开业初没有顾客，这里讲到慢慢变得忙碌起来，说明生意在渐渐好转。故选B。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，皮特和迈克主要在幕后工作。A.mask面具；B.times时代；C.scenes场景；D.news新闻；消息。根据下文“Petemanagesdozensofteammembers.”可知，如今，皮特兄弟经营着自己的团体，说明他们开始在幕后作指导。故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：皮特管理着几十个团队成员。迈克为米切尔的菜单创造了新口味。A.prices价格；B.locations位置；C.flavours味道；D.projects工程。根据下文“Tastingisreallyfortryingtopayattentiontotheflavours”可知，此处指迈克创造了新的口味。故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可能会认为皮特和迈克拥有一家冰淇淋店，所以他们吃很多冰淇淋。A.assume假定；猜测；B.doubt怀疑；C.find找到；D.expect期待。根据下文“becausetheyownanicecreamshop,PeteandMikeeatlotsoficecream.”可知，这里表示读者的假想和猜测的场景。故选A。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：皮特说这样的说法部分是对的。A.hardly几乎不；B.already已经；C.almost几乎；差不多；D.partly部分地。根据下文“Theicecreamthebrotherseatissplitintotwo”可知，兄弟两人吃冰淇淋分两种情况，并非不分情形的吃很多。所以这里表示他们吃很多冰淇淋的说法只有部分是对的。故选D。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：兄弟俩吃的冰淇淋分为两类：为了工作而品尝和为了娱乐而吃。A.occasions场合；B.branches树枝；分支机构；C.categories种类；D.fields领域。根据下文“tastingforworkandeatingforfun”可知，这里讲述了兄弟两人吃冰淇淋的情形为为两类，故选C。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他和迈克在日常生活中也享受吃冰淇淋，“因为它又甜又好吃。”A.charity慈善；B.enjoyment享受；C.research研究；D.fame名声。根据下文“becauseit’ssweetanddelicious.”可知，两人在生活中把吃冰淇淋作为享受。故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：米切尔的受欢迎程度主要来自于人们的口口相传。A.improvement改善；B.profits利润；C.ideas观点；D.popularity流行。根据上文“Therearenow10locationsacrossCleveland.”可知，米切尔的生意在壮大，说明他的店很受人们欢迎，而这源自于人们的口口相传。故选D。【35题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他们的冰淇淋店很少做广告。相反，他们专注于产品和客户体验。A.focuson集中于；B.liveon以……为生；C.dependon依赖；D.workon从事。根据下文“theproductandtheguestexperience.”可知，兄弟两人的冰淇淋生意专注于顾客的体验。故选A。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。GettingtoknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistorywillhelpyouunderstandwhytheUK____36____(have)severaldifferentnames.Inthe16thcentury,WaleswasjoinedtotheKingdomofEngland.Inthe18thcentury,ScotlandwasjoinedtocreatetheKingdomofGreatBritain.Inthe19thcentury,Ireland____37____(add)tocreatetheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland.Finally,inthe20thcentury,thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfromtheUK,whichresulted____38____thefullnamewehavetoday—theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.ThefourcountriesthatbelongtotheUnitedKingdomworktogetherinsome____39____(area).Theyusethesameflagandsharethesamecurrencyandmilitary____40____(defend)buttheyalsohavesomedifferencesineducationandlegalsystems,traditions,etc.InthehistoryoftheUK,therearefourimportantgroupsofpeople___41___tookoveratdifferenttimes.Inthefirstcentury,theRomanscameandbuilttownsandroads.Inthefifthcentury,theAnglo-Saxonsarrived.TheyintroducedthebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguageandchanged____42____waypeoplebuilthouses.TheVikingscameintheeighthcentury,____43____(leave)behindlotsofnewvocabularyandnamesofmanylocationsacrosstheUK.Inthe11thcentury,theNormansconqueredEngland,havingcastles____44____(build)andmakingchangestothelegalsystem.LondonisagreatplacetostudythehistoryoftheUK.Ifyoukeepyoureyesopen,youwillbe____45____(surprise)tofindthatyoucanseebothitspastandpresent.【答案】36.has37.wasadded38.in39.areas40.defence##defense41.who/that42.the43.leaving44.built45.surprised【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了英国在不同时期国家名字的由来。 【36题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：了解一点英国历史将有助于你理解为什么英国有几个不同的名字。从句描述的是客观事实，从句谓语动词have使用一般现在时，主语“theUK”为单数意义，故填has。【37题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：19世纪，爱尔兰被加入，建立了大不列颠及爱尔兰联合王国。add在句子中作为谓语动词使用，由“inthe19thcentury”可知，句子使用一般过去时，主语Ireland为单数意义与add被动关系，因此谓语动词add应该使用一般过去时的被动语态形式，故填wasadded。【38题详解】考查固定短语。句意：最后，在20世纪，爱尔兰南部脱离了英国，这就产生了今天的全名——大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。固定短语resultin：导致，故填in。【39题详解】考查名词的数。句意：属于联合王国的四个国家在某些领域合作。area在句子中作为可数名词使用，前面有some修饰，则area需要变复数，故填areas。【40题详解】考查名词。句意：它们使用相同的旗帜，共享相同的货币和军事防御，但在教育、法律制度、传统等方面也有一些差异。分析句子可知，此处需要填入defend的名词defence/defense作宾语，它在句子中作为不可数名词使用，故填defence/defense。【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在英国历史上，有四个重要的群体在不同时期接管了政权。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导限制性定语从句，fourimportantgroupsofpeople是先行词，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，因此使用关系代词that或who引导定语从句，故填who/that。【42题详解】考查冠词。句意：他们引入了英语，并改变了人们建造房屋的方式。名词way(方式)后面有限制性定语从句“peoplebuilthouses”的修饰和限制，因此way前面要使用定冠词the，表示特指意义，故填the。【43题详解】考查现在分词。句意：维京人出现在八世纪，留下了许多新的词汇和英国各地的名字。分析句子结构可知，leave在句子中作为非谓语动词使用，“TheVikings”与leave为逻辑主动关系，因此使用现在分词作状语，故填leaving。【44题详解】考查过去分词。句意：11世纪，诺曼人征服了英格兰，建造了城堡，并改变了法律制度。分析句子结构可知，build在句子中作为非谓语动词使用，castles与build是逻辑被动关系，因此使用build 的过去分词作宾语补足语，即此处为“havesth.done”的结构，表示“某件事被做”，故填built。【45题详解】考查形容词。句意：如果你睁大眼睛，你会惊讶地发现你可以看到它的过去和现在。此处使用-ed形容词surprised作表语，修饰人，故填surprised。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.你们学校上周举办了为期一周的爱鸟宣传活动，请你给校英文网站写一篇报道，介绍此次活动，内容包括：1.活动目的和意义；2.活动内容；3.收获和感想。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】TheBird-LovingWeekwasheldbyourschoollastMonday.Lastingforoneweek,thecampaignwasmeanttocallonustocaremoreaboutbirds,whichwasalsosupposedtoraiseourawarenessofprotectingthoseindanger.Avarietyofactivitieswereavailable,rangingfromaphotoexhibitiontoathematiclecture.Itwasthephotosthathelpedusacquiremoreknowledgeaboutbirdsandtheirworryingsituation.Inaddition,withoutthelecture,wecouldn’thavehadsuchaclearunderstandingoftheirlivingconditionsaswellastheirimportancefornature.Wewereconvincedthatonlybymakingjointeffortscouldwemakeadifference【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你们学校上周举办了为期一周的爱鸟宣传活动，请你给校英文网站写一篇报道，介绍此次活动。【详解】1.词汇积累 呼吁：callon→appealto提高：raise→promote此外：inaddition→besides演讲：lecture→speech2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Avarietyofactivitieswereavailable,rangingfromaphotoexhibitiontoathematiclecture.拓展句：Avarietyofactivitieswereavailable,whichrangefromaphotoexhibitiontoathematiclecture.【点睛】[高分句型1]Lastingforoneweek,thecampaignwasmeanttocallonustocaremoreaboutbirds,whichwasalsosupposedtoraiseourawarenessofprotectingthoseindanger.(运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]Wewereconvincedthatonlybymakingjointeffortscouldwemakeadifference.(运用了that引导宾语从句和部分倒装)第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Onehotafternoon,mybrotherMat,askateboarder,andIwereoutinfrontofmygrandparents’house.Matwasdetermined(下决心)tojumponhisskateboardoverachairthathehadplacedinthestreet.Iwaswatchinghimtryagainandagain.Hetreatedthissport,skateboarding,animportantandpopularsportinmycountry,withgreatloveanddetermination.Anytimehefelldown,hegotrightbackupandtrieditagain.Thathotafternoon，Icouldseehimsweating.Iwasworriedthathe’dgetheatstroke(中暑).Ihadheardgrown-upstalkaboutpeopledyingofheatstroke,andIkindofunderstoodwhatitwas.Ireallydidn’twantmybrothertogetit.Sosittingontheporch(门廊)ofmygrandparents’house，Iwasthinkingofwaystokeephimcool.Justthen,Matcalledme,“HeyBetty,couldyougetmemyicedtea?”Irepliedtohisrequestwithanodandstooduptogogetthetea.IquicklywentinsidethehouseandheadedthroughthehallwaytowardGrandma’skitchen.Mygrandmawasmakingtoast.Whenwalkingtowardher,IheardthemostshockingsoundIhadeverheardinmyshortlife.“Whatwasthat?”Grandmaasked.“DidMatscream?”AsIranthroughthehousetowardthefrontdoor,Ihadonethingonmymindheatstroke.WhenIsawMat,myimageofMat,mybigbrotherandprotector,wasdestroyed.Helaystillontheground.Mygrandmacameup,toldmetogoandwaitinsideforher.Later,neighborstookmybrothertothehospital.Itturnedoutthattheheatstrokehadcausedhimtofallandbreakhisbones. Ididn’tgettoseeMatforatleastamonth.Finally,Icouldgettoseemybrothertogetherwithmyfamily.Inthehospital,Ifoundbandagesaroundhislegs.Weekslater,onthedayofhisleavingthehospital,thedoctorssaidMatprobablywouldn’twalkagainfortherestofhislife.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式作答。ButMatdidn’tbelieveitwhencominghomeinawheelchair.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Anditdidn’ttakelongbeforeMatcouldrunandplayagain,likeanyotherkid.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】ButMatdidn’tbelieveitwhencominghomeinawheelchair.Andjustdayslater,Matdeterminedtowalkagain.Hewouldgetupoutofhiswheelchairandtrytowalkaroundwithtwowalkingsticks.Afterawhile,incredibly,hedidn’tusehiswheelchair.Ifhewantedtogosomewhere,hewouldwalkwiththetwowalkingsticks.Soonhedidn’tevenneedthesticks.Hecouldn’trunyet,buthewasreallytryingtobecometheguyhehadbeenbeforetheaccident.Anditdidn’ttakelongbeforeMatcouldrunandplayagain,likeanyotherkid.ThenoneSunday,tomysurprise,hetookhisskateboardfromthebasement,walkedoutsidethehouse,anddeterminedtoskateagain.Thistime,hepaidmoreattentiontosafetywhileskating.AfterthatSunday,hecontinuedpracticing.Eventually,hewentfromnotbeingabletoskatetobeingoneofthebestskateboardersthatIknow.Thatinspiredmeandalsomanyotherstofaceanydifficultyinlifewithdeterminationandoptimism.【解析】 【导语】文章以时间发展为线索展开。一个炎热的午后，我和马特在祖父母家玩。马特尝试把滑板从椅子上滑过去，每一次摔倒后，他都会马上爬起来再试一次。见到马特汗涔涔的样子，由于担心他中暑，我考虑想办法让他凉下来。而此时，马特喊我帮他拿冰茶，我答应了他的要求。就在我去厨房拿冰茶的时候，我听到了祖母大喊。马特因为中暑摔倒了，随后邻居送马特去了医院，事实证明马特摔断了骨头。几周后，在马特出院那天，医生说马特可能一辈子都不会再走路了。【详解】1.段落续写①根据第一段的首句“但坐在轮椅上回家的马特却不相信。”可知，接下来的段落可以描述马特决定通过努力，摆脱轮椅，努力让自己与事故发生前一样。②根据第二段的首句“没过多久，马特就又能像其他孩子一样奔跑玩耍了。”可知，接下来的段落可以描述马特继续练习。最终，他成为了最好的滑板手。这激励了我，也激励了许多人，以坚定和乐观的态度面对生活中的任何困难。2.续写线索不相信——努力锻炼——再次尝试——成功——感悟3.词汇激活行为类决定做：determinetodo/makeupone’smind尝试：try/attempt/endeavour/strive继续：continue/goon/resume/keep情绪类不可思议的：incredibly/unbelievably/amazingly令某人惊讶的是：toone’ssurpirse/tothesurpriseofsb./toone’sastonishment【点睛】【高分句型1】Ifhewantedtogosomewhere,hewouldwalkwiththetwowalkingsticks.（运用了if引导条件状语从句）【高分句型2】Thistime,hepaidmoreattentiontosafetywhileskating.（运用了状语从句的省略）听力1—5ABCCA6—10CBCAA11—15CBCBA16—20BBCAC