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山东省菏泽市2022-2023学年高一英语上学期期中考试试题(B)(Word版附解析)

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2022—2023学年度第一学期期中考试高一英语试题(B)注意事项:1.本试卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟。2.答题前,考生务必将姓名、班级等个人信息填写在答题卡指定位置。3.考生作答时,请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答。超出答题区域书写的答案无效,在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanalsowanttobe?A.Adirector.B.Anactress.C.Asongwriter.2.WhatwillSamdotonight?A.Takeaflight.B.Attendaparty.C.Haveameeting.3.Whatdoesthemansuggesttheydofirst?A.Eatsomething.B.Getoutoftown.C.Takesomemedicine.4.Whatdoesthemanlikeaboutthewoman’sshirt?A.Theprice.B.Thecolor.C.Thematerial.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Clothing.B.Weather.C.Bodytemperature.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Gototheconcert.B.Dosomeexercise.C.Havecoffeewithsomepeople.7.Whenistheman’snextclass?A.Inanhour.B.Inhalfanhour.C.Inoneandahalfhours.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。8.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Co-workers.B.Familymembers.C.Teacherandstudent.9.Whatwillthemandofirstafterhequitshisjob?A.Studyabroad.B.Gotraveling.C.Findanewone.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.Whatkindofsoupmightthewomanmake?A.Vegetablesoup.B.Chickensoup.C.Cheesesoup.11.Whatistheweatherlikethisweek?A.Cold.B.Cool.C.Hot.12.Inwhichareaisthedessertlocated?A.Area3.B.Area4.C.Area7.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.Whatdothespeakerstalkaboutfirst?A.Theman’sfavoriteactor.B.Theman’sfavoritecountry.C.Thewoman’sfavoritemovie.14.WhatimpressesthemanmostaboutTokyo?A.Theweather.B.Thepeople.C.Thefood.15.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofBarcelona?A.Thecityisnoisy.B.Thelifeiscolorful.C.Thecostoflivingishigh.16.Whatdoesthewomanlikedoingattheseaside?A.Reading.B.Playingvolleyball.C.Havingabarbecue.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.Whoisthespeaker?A.Awriter.B.Areporter.C.Aneditor.18.Whatisnecessaryforavolunteertohave? A.Experience.B.Highscores.C.Speakingskills.19.What’sthebestreasonfortakingthejob?A.Tohavefun.B.Tomakemoney.C.Toknowmorepeople.20.Whenarevolunteersexpectedtotalktothespeaker?ANextweek.B.Tomorrowmorning.C.Rightafterthemeeting.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。AYouprobablyknowwhoMarieCuriewas,butyoumaynothaveheardofRachelCarson.Oftheoutstandingladieslistedbelow,whodoyouthinkwasthemostimportantwomanofthepast100years?JaneAddams(1860-1935)AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.Addamshelpedthepoorandworkedforpeace.Sheencouragedasenseofcommunitybycreatingsheltersandpromotingeducationandservicesforpeopleinneed.In1931,AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.RachelCarson(1907-1964)Ifitweren’tforRachelCarson,theenvironmentalmovementmightnotexisttoday.Herpopular1962bookSilentSpringraisedawarenessofthedangersofpollutionandtheharmfuleffectsofchemicalsonhumansandontheworld’slakesandoceans.SandraDayO’Connor(1930-present)WhenSandraDayO’ConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool,in1952,shecouldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman.ShebecameanArizonastatesenator(参议员)and,in1981,thefirstwomantojointheU.S.SupremeCourt.O’Connorgavethedecidingvoteinmanyimportantcasesduringher24yearsonthetopcourt.RosaParks(1913-2005)OnDecember1,1955,inMontgomery,Alabama,RosaParkswouldnotgiveupherseatonabustoawhitepassenger.HersimpleactlandedParksinprison.ButitalsosetofftheMontgomerybusboycott.Itlastedformorethanayear,andkickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement.“TheonlytiredIwas,wastiredofgivingin,”saidParks.1.WhatisJaneAddamsnotedforinhistory?A.Hersocialwork.B.Herteachingskills. C.Hereffortstowinaprize.D.Hercommunitybackground.2.WhatwasthereasonforO’Connor’sbeingrejectedbythelawfirm?A.Herlackofpropertraininginlaw.B.Herlittleworkexperienceincourt.C.Thediscriminationagainstwomen.D.Thepoorfinancialconditions.3.Whomadeagreatcontributiontothecivil-rightsmovementintheU.S.?A.JaneAddams.B.RachelCarson.C.SandraDayO’Connor.D.RosaParks.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了对人类发展产生重大影响的四位女性JaneAddams、RachelCarson、SandraDayO’Connor以及RosaParks的故事,赞扬她们为人类进步所做出的巨大贡献。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.可知,任何一个得到社会工作者帮助的人都要感谢JaneAddams。由此可知,正是JaneAddams推动了社会工作的发展,她才因此而出名。故A正确。2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句WhenSandraDayO’ConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool,in1952,shecouldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman.可知,1952年,SandraDayO’Connor在斯坦福大学法学院以全班第三名的成绩毕业,因为是女性,她在律师事务所找不到工作。由此可知,律师事务所拒绝O’Connor主要是因为她是一位女性,也就是对妇女的歧视。故C项正确。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一句Itlastedformorethanayear,andkickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement.“TheonlytiredIwas,wastiredofgivingin,”saidParks.可知,它持续了一年多,拉开了民权运动的序幕。“我唯一感到疲倦的是,我厌倦了放弃,”Parks说。由此可知,正是因为RosaParks的努力,美国的民权运动才得以推进,她对美国的人权运动做出了巨大的贡献。故D项正确。【点睛】本文属于人物传记类的短文,此类文章通常较为简单,解题方法也较为清晰。可以先看问题,再带着问题仔细阅读短文,理解了全文内容,很容易选出正确答案。在解题时要特别关注题干中的关键词,如小题3题干中提及thecivil-rightsmovementintheU.S(美国的民权运动),再结合文章最后两句Itlastedfor morethanayear,andkickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement.“TheonlytiredIwas,wastiredofgivingin,”saidParks.可知,它持续了一年多,拉开了民权运动的序幕。“我唯一感到疲倦的是,我厌倦了放弃,”Parks说。由此可知,正是因为RosaParks的努力,美国的民权运动才得以推进,她对美国的人权运动做出了巨大的贡献。故D项正确。BByanystandard,Dr.Seuss’Oh,ThePlacesYou‘llGo!isagreatbook.AndMartinishardlythefirstparenttobuythebookforhisgraduatinghigh-school.ButMartindidsomethingspecial—headdedtothebook’spages13years’worthofhand-writtenteachers’commentsandimpressionsabouthisdaughter,Brenna.WhenMartinfirsttoldBrenna,18,thathehadapresentforher,Brennathoughtshewasgettingsomegraduationcard.Butthensheopenedthebookandrealizedthatitwasfilledwithpersonalmemories.“Everyyear,forthepast13years,sincethedayyoustartedkindergarten(幼儿园)I’vegotteneveryteachertowritesomethingaboutyouinsidethisbook,”hetoldher.Brenna’seyeswerefilledwithhottears.Shedescribedherhappinessathergraduationgiftonline,“Hemanagedtokeepthisbookasecretfor13years,andsurelyeveryoneelseinmylifeknewaboutit!Iwasmovedtotears.SittingtherereadingthroughthisbookthereareencouragingandsweetwordsfromeveryteacherIloveandrememberthroughmyyearsinthissmalltown.Myearlyteachersmentionmy‘laughs’whilemyhighschoolteachersmentionmy‘smart’.Buttheyallmentionmyhumorandloveforlife.Itisastoundingtoreceivesomethingthistouchingandthoughtful.Ican’texpresshowmuchIlovemyDadforthislaboroflove”.MillionsofpeoplehavecheckedoutBrenna’sInternetmessageonherfather’sgift,whichhasbeenconsidered“unbelievable”andthe“bestgraduationgiftever”.Itsurebeatsabunchofroses.4.WhatdidBrennafindafteropeningthebook?A.Anunusualgraduationcard.B.Apictureofbeautifulroses.C.Herteachers’wordsabouther.DHerparents’personalmemories.5.Whichistheteachers’commonimpressiononBrenna?A.Clever.B.Humorous.C.ThoughtfulD.Hardworking.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“astounding”inParagraph3mean?A.Amazing.B.Important. C.Impossible.D.Helpful.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Afamilyfulloflove.B.Daughter’sthankstoDad.C.AgreatbookbyDr.Seuss.D.Dad’ssecretgraduationgift.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。这是一个暖心的故事,讲述了一个父亲在13年里坚持为女儿收集老师们对她的评语并添加到一本书里,在女儿高中毕业时作为礼物送给女儿,女儿惊喜而感动。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“ButMartindidsomethingspecial—headdedtothebook’spages13years’worthofhand-writtenteachers’commentsandimpressionsabouthisdaughter,Brenna.(但是马丁做了一件特别的事——他把13年来老师们手写的对他女儿布伦娜的评价和印象加到了书的每一页)”可知,父亲在书页中加入了13年来女儿老师们给与女儿的评价和印象,女儿打开书就会看到。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Myearlyteachersmentionmy‘laughs’whilemyhighschoolteachersmentionmy‘smart’.Buttheyallmentionmyhumorandloveforlife.(我早期的老师提到我的“笑”,而我的高中老师提到我的“聪明”。但他们都提到了我的幽默和对生活的热爱)”可知,“幽默”是所有老师对Brenna的共同印象。故选B项。【6题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段末“Brenna’seyeswerefilledwithhottears.(布伦娜热泪盈眶)”及第三段“Iwasmovedtotears.(我感动得流下了眼泪)”末句“Ican’texpresshowmuchIlovemyDadforthislaboroflove(我无法表达我有多爱我的父亲,因为他的爱)”及划线词后的主语“toreceivesomethingthistouchingandthoughtful(收到这么感人又贴心的礼物)”可知,Brenna认为这个礼物是很令人惊喜的。故选A项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“ButMartindidsomethingspecial—headdedtothebook’spages13years’worthofhand-writtenteachers’commentsandimpressionsabouthisdaughter,Brenna.(但是马丁做了一件特别的事——他把13年来老师们手写的对他女儿布伦娜的评价和印象加到了书的每一页)”及第二段“WhenMartinfirsttoldBrenna,18,thathehadapresentforher,Brennathoughtshewasgettingsomegraduationcard.Butthensheopenedthebookandrealizedthatitwasfilledwithpersonalmemories.(当马丁第一次告诉18岁的布伦娜他 有一份礼物给她时,布伦娜以为她收到了什么毕业卡片。但当她打开这本书,意识到它充满了个人的回忆)”及第三段“Hemanagedtokeepthisbookasecretfor13years,andsurelyeveryoneelseinmylifeknewaboutit!Iwasmovedtotears.(他设法把这本书保密了13年,我身边的每个人肯定都知道)”可知,文章主要讲述了一个父亲在女儿高中毕业之际送给他一份特殊的礼物,包含深深地爱,女儿非常感动。所以D项Dad’ssecretgraduationgift.(父亲的秘密的毕业礼物)综述了全文主要内容。故选D项。CIremembermyteenyearswhenallIwantedwastoputonweight.Growingup,IwasalwaysonthethinnersideandtryasIcould,Ineverseemedtoputonthekilos.Iwouldadmirethechubbier(丰满的)girlsandwishedtobelikethem.NowIrealizeIhadweighedmyself-worthonhowIlooked.IhadalsosentoutamessagesayingthatIwasn’tgoodenoughbecauseofmybodysize,notrealizingthatwetrainothershowtotreatus.Today,I’mcomfortableinmyskin,andIhavelearnttheartofself-love.Andyes,Ididputonthekilosyearslaterafterchildbirth,butIlostthematthegym,andIamhappywithmyself.Thisgotmethinkingaboutthenumberofpeopletodaywhowanttolooklikesomeoneelse.Theylookinthemirroranddon’tlikewhattheysee.Theyarealwaysinsearchofadifferentself!Learntofallinlovewithyourself.Learntovalueyourself.Ifyoudonotlikesomethingaboutyourself,whynotworkouttogettoyourideal(理想的)bodytype?Thisnotonlyincreasesyourconfidence,butyounolongerhavetowearthoseuglytopstohideyourstomach.Invest(投资)inself-improvementcoursesifyouhaveto.LearntosayNo.Youdonothavetopresentyourselfforeverypartyorappointment.Giveyourselfspacetobreathe.Aswomen,wearetaughttotakecareofeveryoneelsebutourselves.Wegetwornoutraisingourfamiliesandbalancingourprivateliveswithourcareers,andrarelyhavetimeforourselves.Attheendoftheday,wearesoworn-out;everyoneelseishappybutus.Whenyouaretired,takeenoughtimetorest.Remember,youcannotpouroutofanemptycup.Everysooften,taketimetorefillyourcup.8.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthorasateenager?ASheputonweighteasily.B.Shewaslaughedatbyothers.C.Shewasunsatisfiedwithherfigure.D.Shewasgoodatcontrollingherweight.9.Whatdoestheauthorlooklikenow?A.Slim.B.Black. C.Chubber.D.Rough-skinned.10.Whatshouldpeopleunsatisfiedwiththemselvesdointheauthor’sopinion?A.Modelthemselvesonothers.B.Improvethemselvesifnecessary.C.Comparethemselveswithotherpeople.D.Acceptwhattheyareandbethemselves.11.Whatdoestheauthorargueabout?A.Womenshouldsayingnotoparties.B.Womenshouldlearntolovethemselves.C.Womenshouldbalancethelifeandwork.D.Womenshouldtakegoodcareoftheirfamily.【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了作者在青少年时期对自己的体型不满意,随着年龄的增大,作者学会了爱自己。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“IremembermyteenyearswhenallIwantedwastoputonweight.(我记得我十几岁的时候,我只想增加体重)”及“Iwouldadmirethechubbier(丰满的)girlsandwishedtobelikethem.(我会羡慕那些胖乎乎的女孩,希望自己能像她们一样)”可推知,作者十几岁的时候,对自己的身材不满意。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Growingup,IwasalwaysonthethinnersideandtryasIcould,Ineverseemedtoputonthekilos.(从小到大,我一直都很瘦,我尽我所能,但我似乎从来没有增加过体重)”及第三段中的“Andyes,Ididputonthekilosyearslaterafterchildbirth,butIlostthematthegym,andIamhappywithmyself.(是的,在生完孩子几年后,我确实增加了几公斤,但我在健身房减掉了,我对自己很满意)”可知,作者的体重没有增加。由此可知,作者现在仍然是苗条的。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Learntofallinlovewithyourself.Learntovalueyourself.Ifyoudonotlikesomethingaboutyourself,whynotworkouttogettoyourideal(理想的)bodytype?Thisnotonlyincreasesyourconfidence,butyounolongerhavetowearthoseuglytopstohideyourstomach.(会爱上自己。学会珍惜自己。如果你不喜欢自己的某些方面,为什么不通过锻炼达到理想的体型呢?这不仅能增加你的自信,而且你再 也不用穿那些难看的上衣来掩盖你的肚子了)”可知,在作者看来,对自己不满意的人应该在必要时提高自己。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Today,I’mcomfortableinmyskin,andIhavelearnttheartofself-love.(今天,我很自在,也学会了自爱的艺术)”及第四段中的“Learntofallinlovewithyourself.Learntovalueyourself.(会爱上自己。学会珍惜自己)”可推知,作者认为女人应该学会爱自己。。故选B。DGivingchildrenmusiclessonswon’tjustintroducethemtomusic—itcouldalsogreatlyimprovetheirlanguageskillsbutitisn’tunderstoodifthisisasideeffectofageneralimprovementofcognitive(认知的)skills,orsomethingthatdirectlyaffectslanguageprocessing.Now,wearegettingclosertoananswer,thankstoastudyof74Chinesekindergartenchildren,ledbyRobertDesimonefromMIT.Forthestudy,Desimone’steamchosechildrenfromtheChineseeducationsystem,withthesupportofeducationofficialswhowantedtoseehowitmightimprovetheirlearning.The4to5-year-oldMandarin-speakingchildreninthestudyweredividedintothreegroups.Onegroupreceiveda45-minutepianolessonthreetimesaweek,whileanotherreceivedextrareadinginstructionclasses.Thethirdgroupactedascontrols,takingnoextralessonsbeyondtheirusualclasses.Theclasseslastedforsixmonths,afterwhichthechildrenweretestedontheirabilitytotellwordsbasedondifferencesintones,consonants(辅音),orvowels(元音).Thetestresultsshowedthatthechildrenwhohadtakenpianolessonsperformedbetterattellingthedifferencebetweenwordsthatdifferbyasingleconsonant,whencomparedwiththechildrenwhotookextrareadinglessons.Comparedtothecontrolgroup,boththemusiclearnersandtheextrareadinggroupdidbetterintellingthedifferencebetweenwordsbasedonvoweldifferences.“Itlookslikeforrecognizingdifferencesbetweensounds,includingspeechsounds,ifsbetterthanextrareading.Thatmeansschoolscouldpaymoreattentiontomusic,”Desimonesays.“It’snotworsethangivingextrareadingtothechildren,whichisprobablywhatmanyschoolsaretryingtodo—getridofthearteducationandjusthavemorereading.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?A.Learningmusic.B.TheChineseeducation.C.Astudyofchildren’sschooling.D.Improvementofcognitiveskills.13.Whatdidthethirdgrouplearninthestudy?A.Waystoimprovetheirstudy.B.Extralessonsaboutreadingtips. C.Threeextrapianolessonsaweek.D.Nothingelseexcepttheirusualstudies.14.Whichwasoneoftheresultsofthestudy?A.Learningmusicdeterminedkids’interestinstudy.B.Thepianoplayedakeypartinkids’learning.C.Childrentakingpianolessonsdidn’tperformwell.D.Theextrareadinggroupweregoodattellingvowels.15.WhatcanweconcludefromwhatDesimonesays?A.Manyschoolsvaluearteducation.B.Schoolswillincreasereadingclasses.C.Itisn’twisetocutbackonmusiclessons.D.Childrenwholearnmusicperformbetteratschool.【答案】12.A13.D14.D15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项研究表明,让孩子上音乐课不仅会将他们引入旋律的世界,而且还会显著提高他们的语言技能。学校不应该削减音乐课程,而应该更加关注音乐课程。【12题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“Givingchildrenmusiclessonswon’tjustintroducethemtomusic—itcouldalsogreatlyimprovetheirlanguageskillsbutitisn’tunderstoodifthisisasideeffectofageneralimprovementofcognitive(认知的)skills,orsomethingthatdirectlyaffectslanguageprocessing.(给孩子上音乐课不仅能让他们接触音乐,还能极大地提高他们的语言技能,但目前尚不清楚这是认知技能普遍提高的副作用,还是直接影响语言处理)”及划线词所在句“Forthestudy,Desimone’steamchosechildrenfromtheChineseeducationsystem,withthesupportofeducationofficialswhowantedtoseehowitmightimprovetheirlearning.(在这项研究中,Desimone的团队选择了来自中国教育系统的孩子,并得到了教育官员的支持,他们想知道它将如何提高他们的学习能力)”可推知,划线“it”指代的是上文中的“学习音乐”,即学习音乐是如何提升学习的。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Thethirdgroupactedascontrols,takingnoextralessonsbeyondtheirusualclasses.(第三组作为对照组,除了平时的课程外,没有额外的课程)”可知,第三组除了平常的课程外,没有额外的课程。故选D。【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Comparedtothecontrolgroup,boththemusiclearnersandtheextrareadinggroupdidbetterintellingthedifferencebetweenwordsbasedonvoweldifferences.(与对照组相比,音乐学习者和额外阅读组在基于元音差异的单词区分方面都做得更好)”可知,额外阅读组擅长分辨元音。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Itlookslikeforrecognizingdifferencesbetweensounds,includingspeechsounds,ifsbetterthanextrareading.Thatmeansschoolscouldpaymoreattentiontomusic,”Desimonesays.“It’snotworsethangivingextrareadingtothechildren,whichisprobablywhatmanyschoolsaretryingtodo—getridofthearteducationandjusthavemorereading.”(“看起来,识别声音之间的差异,包括语音,比额外的阅读更好。这意味着学校可以更加关注音乐,”Desimone说。“这并不比给孩子们额外的阅读更糟糕,这可能是许多学校正在尝试做的事——取消艺术教育,只给他们更多的阅读。”)”可知,在识别声音之间的差异方面,包括语音,学习音乐比学习阅读要好,但是许多学校正在努力取消艺术教育,增加阅读。由此推知,Desimone认为减少音乐课是不明智的。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Meetingnewpeopleisagreatwaytoenrichyourexperiences,enlargeyoursocialcircle—orexchangeitforanewone.Mostofusarelookingtomakeregularfriendsandifpossible,true,soulfriends.____16____Identifyopportunities.Weletchancestomakefriendspassusbyeveryday.____17____Insteadofforcingalittlesmalltalkwithyourkindlyneighbours,asktheminforacupofteaandgettoknowthem...You’llbesurprisedbyhowmanypotentialfriendstherealreadyareinyourorbit.____18____Joiningagroup,cluborclassisaneffectivewaytomeetpeople.Pursueaskillyouareinterestedin,becausethenyouwillhaveagoodtimeandfeelmorecomfortabletostartaconversation.Allowyourselftobevulnerable(易受伤害的).____19____Whatifyourovertures(主动表示)arerefused?Adegreeofvulnerabilityisneededintryingtostartfriendships.Toputitplainly,keepingyourselftoyourselfisn’tgoingtohelpyou.Lettingothersinonplansissimplewaystoshare,whichwillhelpbuildclosenessandtrust.Usetechnologywisely.Socialmediacanbeofgreathelptomakefriends.Appscanbeagoodstartingpoint,ascanplatforms.____20____Themorewedependonapps,thelesspracticewehavewiththekindsofconversationsandexperiencesthatreallyallowustocreateclosefriendships.A.Followourinterests.B.Turntocommunityforhelp.C.Herearesomewaystogetoutthere. DItcanbefrighteningtryingtomakefriends.E.Buttheydonotreplacepersonalcommunication.F.They’reperfectwaysofenlargingyoursocialcircle.G.Havethecouragetotakesmallstepswhenopportunitiesarise.【答案】16.C17.G18.A19.D20.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要讲的是结交朋友的方法。【16题详解】根据上文“Mostofusarelookingtomakeregularfriendsandifpossible,true,soulfriends.(我们大多数人都想交普通的朋友,如果可能的话,真心的朋友)”可知,空格后介绍了几种方法,故C选项“这里有一些方法可以让你达到目标”符合语境,故选C。【17题详解】根据上文“Weletchancestomakefriendspassusbyeveryday.(我们每天都让交朋友的机会溜走)”可知,说我们不该让这样的机会溜走,要采取行动,以及后文“Insteadofforcingalittlesmalltalkwithyourkindlyneighbors,asktheminforacupofteaandgettoknowthem...(不要强迫你善良的邻居和你闲聊,而是请他们进来喝杯茶,了解他们……)”说的是具体可以采取的行动,故G选项“当机会来临时,有勇气迈出一小步”符合语境,故选G。【18题详解】空格处是本段的主题句,根据后文“Joiningagroup,cluborclassisaneffectivewaytomeetpeople.Pursueaskillyouareenthusiasticabout,becausethenyouwillhaveagoodtimeandfeelmoreateasestrikingupaconversation.(加入一个团体、俱乐部或班级是认识人的有效方式。追求一项你感兴趣的技能,因为这样你会有一段愉快的时光,在开始一段对话时也会感到更轻松)”可知,本段主要讲的是要找到自己喜欢的事情,故A选项“跟随你的兴趣”符合语境,故选A。【19题详解】根据后文“Whatifyourovertures(主动表示)arerejected?(如果你的提议被拒绝了怎么办?)”可知,空格处会说主动和人交朋友可能会害怕被人拒绝。故D选项“交朋友可能会让人害怕。”符合语境,故选D。【20题详解】根据上文“Appscanbeagoodstartingpoint,ascanplatforms.(应用程序可以是一个很好的起点,社交平台也一样)”以及后文“Themorewerelyonapps,thelesspracticewehavewiththekindsofconversationsandexperiencesthatreallyallowustocreateclosefriendships.(我们越是依赖应用程序,我们在真正能让我们建立 亲密友谊的对话和体验方面的实践就越少)”可知,空格处应说应用程序不能代替面对面的交流。故E选项“但它们不能取代个人互动”符合语境,故选E。第三部分语言运用(共四节,满分45分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下而短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Lastweek,IdrovetoJoe’sHardwaretogetafewitems.Uponreturningtomy___21___,Inoticedacatunderneathandbentdowntoinvestigate.Atthispoint,mywalletfelloff—butIdidn’tnoticeitwas___22___untilaboutanhourlater.IreturnedtotheHardware,asked___23___andtoremycarinsideout.Nothing.Ilostmywallet.Afterthisfactsankin,Iwasabouttocallthebankandhavethem___24___meanewcreditcardwhenalittlevoiceinsidemyheadsaid,“Whoa!___25___.Someonemusthavepickeditup.A(n)___26___citizen,justlikeyou.Whatwouldsheorhedo?”SoIheldbackandIwasgoingtogiveitaday.Then,earlythatevening,IwassurfingtheInternetforanew___27___whenIheardaknockonthedoor.TherewasamanwhoIdidnot___28___.Coulditbe?Afterweexchangedgreetings,he___29___memywallet.Hefounditintheparkinglot,thoughtofdroppingitoffatJoe’sHardwarebut___30___todriveoverandreturnit___31___.Hetoldmehis___32___,butIwasovercomewithemotionandcannotbe100%sure.IthinkitwasDavid.Iofferedhimacashreward___33___herefused.Hewasjustaregularguydoingthe___34___thing.David,thankyousomuchforreturningmywalletandreinforcing(加强)my___35___thattherearesomegoodandhonestpeoplearound.21.A.carB.homeC.bankD.shop22.A.brokenB.emptyC.stolenD.missing23.A.aloudB.outdoorsC.aroundD.online24.A.loanB.sendC.showD.pass25.A.ComeonB.CheerupC.SlowdownD.Lookout26.A.averageB.generousC.joyfulD.capable27.A.catB.walletC.carD.card28.A.doubtB.admireC.recognizeD.remember29.A.awardedB.foundC.broughtD.handed30.A.happenedB.decidedC.intendedD.hesitated31.A.inpersonB.atonceC.atlastD.inresponse 32.A.ageB.hobbyC.nameD.job33.A.orB.soC.andD.but34.A.easyB.rightC.unusualD.typical35.A.beliefB.ideaC.purposeD.determination【答案】21.A22.D23.C24.B25.C26.A27.B28.C29.D30.B31.A32.C33.D34.B35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者丢失了钱包,本来想打电话给银行让他们寄一张新的信用卡,但是作者突然想到可能会有人捡到钱包并归还。所以作者决定等一等。结果真的有人捡到了钱包并还给了作者,这让作者相信世上还是好人多。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:当我回到车上时,我注意到下面有只猫,我弯下腰去查看。A.car汽车;B.home家;C.bank银行;D.shop商店。根据上文“Lastweek,IdrovetoJoe’sHardwaretogetafewitems.”和下文“Inoticedacatunderneathandbentdowntoinvestigate”可知,此处是指作者回到车上。故选A。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:就在这时,我的钱包掉了下来——但直到大约一小时后我才发现它不见了。A.broken破碎的;B.empty空的;C.stolen被偷的;D.missing失踪的。根据后文“Nothing.Ilostmywallet.”可知,此处是指直到大约一小时后作者才发现钱包不见了。故选D。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:我回到五金店,四处打听,把我的车翻了个底朝天。A.aloud大声地;B.outdoors在户外;C.around周围;D.online在网上。根据前文“asked”可知,作者的钱包不见了,所以作者四处打听,askaround是固定搭配,意为“到处询问”。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:当我意识到这一点后,我正准备打电话给银行,让他们寄给我一张新的信用卡,这时我脑海里有一个声音说,“哇,等等”。A.loan借出;B.send送;C.show展示;D.pass通过。根据前文“callthebank”可知,此处是指作者打电话给银行让他们寄给作者一张新的信用卡。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:当我意识到这一点后,我正准备打电话给银行,让他们寄给我一张新的信用卡,这时我脑海里有一个声音说,“哇,等等”。A.Comeon来吧,快点;B.Cheerup振作起来;C.Slowdown慢下来;D.Lookout当心。根据下段“SoIheldbackandIwasgoingtogiveitaday.”可知,此处是指慢一点,先等等,先不给银行打电话。故选C。 【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:一个普通公民,就像你一样。A.average普通的;B.generous大方的;C.joyful快乐的;D.capable能干的。根据后文“justlikeyou”可知,此处指大家都是普通公民。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:然后,那天晚上早些时候,我正在上网寻找一个新的钱包,这时我听到了敲门声。A.cat猫;B.wallet钱包;C.car汽车;D.card卡片。根据前文描述可知,因为作者钱包丢了,所以作者打算在网上买一个新的。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:有一个我不认识的人。A.doubt怀疑;B.admire钦佩;C.recognize认识;D.remember记得。根据“IthinkitwasDavid.”可知,此处是指有一个作者不认识的人。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:在我们互相问候之后,他把我的钱包递给了我。A.awarded颁奖;B.found发现;C.brought带来;D.handed递给。根据“Afterweexchangedgreetings”和后文“Hefounditintheparkinglot”可知,此处是指在互相问候之后他把作者的钱包递给了作者。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他在停车场发现了它,想把它送到乔的五金店,但决定开车过来亲自归还。A.happened发生;B.decided决定;C.intended意图;D.hesitated犹豫。根据“Afterweexchangedgreetings,hehandedmemywallet.”可知,此处是指捡到作者钱包的人决定开车过来亲自归还。故选B。【31题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意:他在停车场发现了它,想把它送到乔的五金店,但决定开车过来亲自归还。A.inperson亲自;B.atonce马上;C.atlast最终;D.inresponse作为回应。根据前文“whenIheardaknockonthedoor.”可知,那人亲自把作者的钱包送来了。故选A。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他告诉了我他的名字,但我情绪激动,不能百分百确定。A.age年龄;B.hobby爱好;C.name名字;D.job工作。根据“IthinkitwasDavid.”可知,他告诉了作者他的名字。故选C。【33题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意:我提出给他现金奖励,但他拒绝了。A.or或者;B.so因此;C.and和;D.but但是。根据前后句意可知,此处表示转折关系,需用连词but。故选D。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他只是一个做正确事情的普通人。A.easy简单的;B.right正确的;C. unusual不寻常的;D.typical典型的。根据前一句“Iofferedhimacashreward______13______herefused.”可知,那人拒绝了作者的谢意;由此可知,他认为把作者的钱包还给作者是正确的。故选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:大卫,非常感谢你把我的钱包还给了我,让我更加相信世界上还有善良诚实的人。A.belief信念;B.idea想法;C.purpose目的;D.determination决心。根据后文“therearesomegoodandhonestpeoplearound.”可知,大卫把作者的钱包还给了作者,这让作者更加相信世界上还有善良诚实的人。故选A。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThespreadofWesterneatinghabitsaroundtheworldisbadforhumanhealthandtheenvironment.ThesefindingscomefromanewreportinthejournalNature.DavidTilman,aprofessorofecologyattheUniversityofMinnesota,America,examinedinformationfrom100countries____36____(identify)whatpeopleateand____37____dietaffectedhealth.Henotedamovementbeginninginthe1960s.Hefoundthatasnationsindustrialized(工业化),thepopulationincreasedandearningsrose,morepeoplebegantolookontheWesterndietas____38____(they)dailydiet.TheWesterndietishighinsugar,fat,oil____39____meat.By____40____(eat)thesefoods,peoplebegantogetfatterandsicker.DavidTilmansaysoverweightpeopleareat____41____(great)riskofnon-infectiousdiseaseslikediabetes(糖尿病)andheartdisease.____42____(unfortunate)whenpeopleadoptthisWesterndiet,theyaregoingtohavethesehealthproblems,especiallyindevelopingcountriesinAsia.Chinais____43____examplewherethenumberofdiabetes____44____(case)hasbeenjumpingfromlessthanonepercentto10percentofthepopulationastheybegantoindustrializeovera20-yearperiod.Andthat_____45_____(happen)allacrosstheworld,inMexico,inNigeriaandsoon.【答案】36.toidentify37.how38.their39.and40.eating41.greater42.Unfortunately43.an44.cases45.ishappening【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了西方饮食习惯在世界各地尤其发展中国家的传播及其对这些国家人民健康和环境都是不利的。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:美国明尼苏达大学的生态学教授大卫·蒂尔曼(DavidTilman)研究了来自100个国家的信息,以确定人们吃什么以及饮食如何影响健康。该空所给动词identify在句中作目的状语,应使用动词不定式形式。故填toidentify。【37题详解】考查宾语从句。句意:美国明尼苏达大学的生态学教授大卫·蒂尔曼(DavidTilman)研究了来自100个国家的信息,以确定人们吃什么以及饮食如何影响健康。分析句子,该空需要一个连接词引导宾语从句与whattheyate并列,且从句中主谓宾句子成分完整,根据句意,教授研究饮食是怎样影响健康的,缺少方式状语,应填how。故填how。【38题详解】考查代词。句意:他发现,随着国家工业化,人口增加,收入增加,越来越多的人开始把西方饮食作为他们的日常饮食。在介词as的宾语中,dailydiet缺少限定词,所给人称代词they应使用物主代词修饰名词。故填their。【39题详解】考查并列连词。句意:西方饮食高糖、高脂肪、高油、高肉。空前名词sugar,fat,oil与空后名词meat应是并列作介词in的宾语。故填and。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:通过吃这些食物,人们开始变得更胖,更虚弱。所给动词eat在句中作介词by的宾语,应使用动名词形式。故填eating。【41题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意:大卫·蒂尔曼说,超重的人患糖尿病和心脏病等非传染性疾病的风险更大。分析句子,该空需要形容词作定语,根据句意,句子是在比较体重超重人群和正常体重的人群的健康风险,所以应填形容词比较级形式。故填greater。【42题详解】考查副词。不幸的是,当人们采用这种西方饮食时,他们就会出现这些健康问题,特别是在亚洲的发展中国家。句首需填一个副词,修饰整个句子。句意:故填Unfortunately。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意:中国就是一个例子,在20年的时间里,随着中国开始工业化,糖尿病病例占总人口的比例从不足1%飙升至10%。空后名词example为可数名词,中国是其中一个例子,为泛指,应填不定冠 词an。故填an。【44题详解】考查名词单复数。句意:中国就是一个例子,在20年的时间里,随着中国开始工业化,糖尿病病例占总人口的比例从不足1%飙升至10%。所给词case是可数名词,意为“病例”,在句中指糖尿病病例,应使用复数形式作介词of的宾语。故填cases。【45题详解】考查谓语动词时态及主谓一致。句意:这在世界各地都在发生,在墨西哥,在尼日利亚等等。所给动词happen在句中作谓语,指由于工业化糖尿病病例飙升这种现象目前一直在发生,应使用现在进行时,主语为单数。故填ishappening。第三节单词拼写(共10小题:每小题1分,满分10分)根据汉语及首字母提示出单词的正确形式,每空只填一词。46.Whatlearnings________(策略)doyouandyourpartnershare?(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】strategies##trategies【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意:你和你的搭档分享什么学习策略?根据汉语及首字母提示可知,此处使用名词strategy,由空后youandyourpartner可知,策略不止一个,应用名词复数形式。故填strategies。47.Peoplespeakinamorepolitewayinf________(正式的)situations.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】formal##ormal【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意:在正式场合,人们说话更有礼貌。根据汉语及首字母提示可知,此处使用形容词formal,修饰名词situations,作定语。故填formal。48.I’llhavetostudyharderandgetusedtobeingr________(有责任的)foralotmore.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】responsible##esponsible【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意:我必须更加努力学习,习惯承担更多的责任。分析句子,该空需要一个形容词作表语,结合汉语提示及首字母r可知,形容词responsible符合题意。故填responsible。49.It’snotunusualforteenagersofyourgenerationtobea________(吸引)tocomputergamesandonlineworld.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】attracted##ttracted【解析】 【详解】考查不定式的被动语态。句意:对你们这一代的青少年来说,被电脑游戏和网络世界所吸引是很正常的。分析句子且根据中英文提示可知,空处为固定搭配beattractedto,表示“被……吸引”。故填attracted。50.Iguessit’sbecausethey’rea________(成年人)andcan’tunderstandme.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】adults##dults【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意:我想这是因为他们是成年人,不能理解我。根据首字母及汉语提示可知,此处使用名词adult,可数名词,由they可知,此处应用复数形式。故填adults。51.Ashortf________(航班)fromCuscotakesyoufromtheAndesintotheAmazonrainforest.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】flight##light【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意:从库斯科乘短途飞机从安第斯山脉进入亚马逊雨林。分析句子,该空需要一个名词作主语;结合汉语提示及首字母f可知,名词flight符合题意,故填flight。52.It’samazingthattherearemorethan8,000s________(雕像),andnooneinmoderntimesknewaboutthemuntilthe1970s.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】statues##tatues【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意:令人惊讶的是,这里有8000多座雕像,直到20世纪70年代,现代才有人知道它们。根据汉语及首字母提示可知,此处使用名词statue,由空前morethan8,000可知,应用名词复数形式。故填statues。53.Whatcanyoudotomakeexerciselikej________(慢跑)moreenjoyable?(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】jogging##ogging【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意:你能做些什么让慢跑这样的运动更有乐趣呢?分析句子,该空需要一个名词作介词like的宾语,结合汉语提示及首字母j,名词jogging符合题意。故填jogging。54.Anathleteshouldthinkabouthonorandhisfansifheisc________(竞争)forhiscountry?(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】competing##ompeting【解析】 【详解】考查动词和现在进行时。句意:如果一个运动员要为国而战,他应该考虑荣誉和他的球迷吗?分析句子且根据中英文提示可知,结合is来看,空处应填competing,表示“竞争”,构成现在进行时,此处现在进行时态表将来,主要用于表示按计划或安排要发生的动作。常有“意图”“决定”的意思,符合语境。故填competing。55.Jordan’sskillswereimpressive,butthementals________(力量)thatheshowedmadehimunique.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】strength##trength【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意:乔丹的球技令人印象深刻,但他所表现出的精神力量使他独一无二。分析句子且根据中英文提示可知,空处由形容词mental修饰,应填名词strength,表示“力量”,抽象概念,不可数。故填strength。第四节翻译句子(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)根据括号内的要求或括号内所给的词或短语,将下列句子翻译成英语。56.我发现我的大多数同学和老师都很友好,乐于助人。(用SVOC结构翻译此句)【答案】Ifoundmostofmyclassmatesandteachersfriendlyandhelpful.【解析】【详解】考查固定结构。主语为I,表示“发现某人怎么样”应用findsb.adj.;表示“大多数同学和老师”翻译为mostofmyclassmatesandteachers;表示“很友好,乐于助人”应用friendlyandhelpful,作宾补。为一般过去时。故翻译为Ifoundmostofmyclassmatesandteachersfriendlyandhelpful.57.我们在新建的实验室上化学课。(用分词作定语翻译此句)【答案】Wehadachemistryclassinthenewlybuiltlab.【解析】【详解】考查一般过去时、分词作定语以及句子结构。分析句子且根据题目要求可知,本句为简单的主谓宾结构,描述的是过去事实,应用一般过去时。表示句子主干“我们上化学课”应用Wehadachemistryclass;表示地点状语“在新建的实验室”应用介词短语inthenewlybuiltlab,其中built为过去分词作定语,修饰名词lab。故翻译为Wehadachemistryclassinthenewlybuiltlab.58.那边的孩子们正在把东西放在一个圆纸盘里。(用名词短语翻译此句)【答案】Thekidsoverthereareputtingsomethingonaroundpaperplate.【解析】【详解】考查短语及时态。根据句意及题目要求可知,“那边的孩子们”译为thekidsoverthere,“正在把东西放在一个圆纸盘里”使用现在进行时,译为areputtingsomethingonaroundpaperplate。故翻译为 Thekidsoverthereareputtingsomethingonaroundpaperplate.59.正因如此,西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。(用Itis/was...that翻译此句;Spanish;Peru)【答案】ItisforthisreasonthatSpanishisthemainofficiallanguageofPeru.【解析】【详解】考查强调句型、介词短语、形容词和名词短语。强调句型的基本结构是“itis/was+被强调部分+that+其他”,此处强调句子状语“因为如此”;表示“因为如此”应用介词短语forthisreason,作状语;表示“主要的”应用形容词main,作定语;表示“官方语言”应用名词短语officiallanguage,作表语;此处为客观陈述,谓语动词应用一般现在时。故翻译为ItisforthisreasonthatSpanishisthemainofficiallanguageofPeru.60.她就在我后面,是吗?(用反义疑问句)(汉译英)【答案】Sheisrightbehindme,isn’tshe?【解析】【详解】考查反义疑问句。陈述部分为主系表结构,“她就在我后面”译为Sheisrightbehindme;反义疑问部分,系动词is提至主语she前成为简略疑问语序,前肯后否,所以译为isn’tshe。故翻译为Sheisrightbehindme,isn’tshe?第四部分写作(满分25分)61.假定你是高一学生李华,你班计划周末参观市博物馆,请给外教John写信,告知此事并邀请他参加,内容包括:1.集合时间和地点;2.活动的意义(了解我市历史和文化等);3.期待John参加。注意:1.词数100左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearJohn,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours, LiHua【答案】DearJohn,I’mgladtotellyouthatwe’replanningtovisittheMuseumofourcitythisweekend,andyou’resincerelyinvitedtogowithus.Locatedinthecenterofourcity,themuseum’sgotalargecollectionofexhibitsincludingitemsfromancienttimestothepresent.Throughthevisit,notonlycanwehaveabetterunderstandingofthehistoryofourhometown,butwecanlearnmoreaboutitsculture.OnSaturday,we’llgatheratthegateofourschoolat8:00amandsetoutbybus.TheactivityisreallyinterestingandIhopeyoucancomeandjoinus.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文,假定你高一学生李华,你班计划周末参观市博物馆,请给外教John写信,告知此事并邀请他参加。【详解】1.词汇积累计划:plantodo→begoingtodo→aimtodo参观:visit→payavisitto出发:setout→depart有趣的:interesting=amusing2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句:Locatedinthecenterofourcity,themuseum’sgotalargecollectionofexhibitsincludingitemsfromancienttimestothepresent.拓展句:Locatedinthecenterofourcity,themuseum’sgotalargecollectionofexhibits,whichincludeitemsfromancienttimestothepresent.【点睛】[高分句型1]I’mgladtotellyouthatwe’replanningtovisittheMuseumofourcitythisweekend,andyou’resincerelyinvitedtogowithus.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)[高分句型2]Throughthevisit,notonlycanwehaveabetterunderstandingofthehistoryofourhometown,butwecanlearnmoreaboutitsculture.(运用了notonly...but...句型及倒装结构)听力答案:1—5BAABB6—10CBABA11—15CCACC16—20ACBAC

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所属: 高中 - 英语
发布时间:2023-10-09 09:12:02 页数:24
价格:¥2 大小:50.70 KB
文章作者:随遇而安

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