山东省菏泽市2022-2023学年高一英语下学期7月期末试题（Word版附解析）

2022-2023学年高一下学期教学质量检测英语试题注意事项：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，考生务必将姓名、班级等个人信息填写在答题卡指定位置。3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答。超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdidthewomandrop?A.Herwallet.B.Herpassport.C.Herbag.2.Whereisthemanprobablygoingnow?A.Toagiftshop.B.Tohisbrother’shome.C.TotheChildren’sCenter.3.Whathappenedtotheman?A.Hedirtiedhishands.B.Heinjuredhishands.C.Hedestroyedhispainting.4.Whathasthewomanbeendoing?A.Playingbadminton.B.Resting.C.Walking.5.Whereistheconversationprobablytakingplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inadepartmentstore.C.Inapolicestation.第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Schoolmates.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Driverandpassenger.7.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Buyamap.B.Doexercises.C.Attendclass.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Howlongwasthewoman’sholidayintotal?A.Oneweek.B.Tendays.C.Twoweeks.9.Whatdoesthemanprefertodo?A.Goskiing.B.Stayinthecity.C.Driveinthemountains.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Wherearethespeakers?A.InParis.B.InToronto.C.InNewYork.11.WhatisJohnstudying?A.Literature.B.History.C.Art.12.Whatarethespeakersgoingtobuy?A.Wine.B.Bread.C.Cheese.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Howwillthewomangoforthejobinterview?A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bysubway.14.Whatjobisthewomanapplyingfor?A.Atranslator.B.Anengineer.C.Atourguide.15.Whatdidthewomanimpressthemanwithlastyear?A.Herbusinessskills.B.HerspokenFrench.C.Herworkexperience.16.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutherinterviewtomorrow?A.Excited.B.Confident.C.Anxious.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Aschoollibrary.B.Anonlineservice.C.Aneworganization.18.WhatcanpeopledothroughBookCrossing?A.Buybooks.B.Sellbooks.C.Sharebooks.19.Howcanmembersgetinformationaboutthephysicalbooks? A.Bylookingatanonlinelist.B.Bymakingaphonecall.C.Bysendingane-mail.20.Whichcolorshowsthenumberofbooksputoverthelast30days?A.Red.B.Yellow.C.Blue.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourSummerCampsMountainCampPOBox1348,PollockPines,CA95726,U.S.Phone:415-351-2267MountainCampisatraditionalcampexperienceonabeautifulhighSierralake.Theprogramisforchildrenagedseventoseventeen.Campersenjoydifferentactivities,spendingoneandahalfhourseverydayateachofourthreeareas:waterfront,outdooractivityareaandindooractivityarea.Allareashavemanyprogramactivitiesincludingmountainbiking,travelingonaship,windsurfing,drama,dance,waterskiing.etc.AstrocampVirginia8144MountLaurelRoad,Clover,VA24534,U.S.Phone:800-645-1423AstrocampVirginiaisaphysicalscienceandadventuresummercamp.Camperscomeeachsummertohavefun,andgethands-onsciencetrainingwhiletakingpartinalotofactivities!AstrocampisaSTEMprogramthatpushescamperstodeepentheirunderstandingofsciencebytakingpartinspaceexploration,playinginadvancedlabs,buildingandlaunchingrockets,andsearchingthenightsky.TalismanCamp64GapCreekRd,Zirconia,NC28790,U.S.Phone:828-697-6313Ourcampprogramhelpschildrenwithautismorothermentalproblemstodevelopphysicalandsocialabilityinanenvironmentthatencouragesandsupportsself-direction.Webelievethateverychildwantstodowell,andthateverychildhasuniguepower,advantagesandviewsonlife.We’llusedifferenttoolstoguidethemtoachievetheirgoals.BirchwoodCamp12586GunflintTrail,Slip85,GrandMarais,MN55604,U.S.Phone:218-388-4402 Weonlyacceptbetween35and45campers(boysaged7-17)everyschoolyear.AtBirchwood,wekeepourcampsitescreen-freesowecanfocusonthethingswevaluemost:connection,self-discoveryandasenseofsharedpurpose.Eachweek,campersgettochooseawildernesstriptogoon,whichneedsabout3to5days.1.Whichnumbershouldyoucallifyouwanttolearnaboutthescience-focusedcamp?A.415-351-2267.B.800-645-1423.C.828-697-6313.D.218-388-4402.2.Whichprogramissuitableforteenagerswithspecialneeds?A.MountainCamp.B.AstrocampVirginia.C.TalismanCamp.D.BirchwoodCamp.3.WhatdoMountainCampandBirchwoodCamphaveincommon?A.Theyonlyacceptboys.B.Theyhaveagerequirements.C.Theyhopecamperslearntoshare.D.Theyoffercamperswateractivities.【答案】1.B2.C3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个夏令营活动的具体信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据AstrocampVirginia部分的“Phone:800-645-1423”和“AstrocampisaSTEMprogramthatpushescamperstodeepentheirunderstandingofsciencebytakingpartinspaceexploration,playinginadvancedlabs,buildingandlaunchingrockets,andsearchingthenightsky.(Astrocamp是一个STEM项目，通过参与太空探索、在先进实验室玩耍、建造和发射火箭以及搜索夜空，推动营员加深对科学的理解。)”可知，如果你想了解以科学为中心的夏令营，你应该打800-645-1423这个电话。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据TalismanCamp部分的“Ourcampprogramhelpschildrenwithautismorothermentalproblemstodevelopphysicalandsocialabilityinanenvironmentthatencouragesandsupportsself-direction.(我们的夏令营项目帮助患有自闭症或其他精神问题的儿童在一个鼓励和支持自我指导的环境中发展身体和社交能力。)”可知，TalismanCamp这个项目适合有特殊需求的青少年。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据MountainCamp部分的“Theprogramisforchildrenagedseventoseventeen.(该项目面向7至17岁的儿童。)”和BirchwoodCamp部分的“Weonlyacceptbetween35and45campers(boysaged7-17)everyschoolyear.(我们每学年只接受35-45名营员(7-17岁的男孩)。)”可知，这两个夏令营活动的共同之处是它们有年龄要求。故选B。 BHaveyoueverthoughthowgooditwouldbeifanunfinishedhandworkproject,whichstoppedbecausetheownerpassedaway,couldbelovinglycompleted?Friendsandknitters(编织者)JenniferSimonicandMaseyKaplanstartedtheLooseEndsProjectinSeptember2022.Thepairmatch“volunteerfinishers”withunfinishedprojectsonlinesotheycancarefullycompletethemandthenreturnthemtothepeopletheywerebeingmadefor.Itallstartedwhenfounders,SimonicandKaplan,realizedthattheyhadbothbeenaskedbyfriendstofinishknittinghats,sweatersorotherunfinishedprojectsstartedbytheirdeadmoms.Whenmorefriendsaskedthemforhelp,theyfeltitwouldbeagoodideato“havestrangersbeabletofinishthingsforeachother”.Helpingstrangersthisway,whichalsoassiststhemtogetthroughtheirgrievingprocess,wassomethingthatthetwohadhappilyagreedtodounderstandinghowwonderfulitfeelstobedressedinsomethingalovedonehascreated.Addingatouchingcoupleofextrasteps,oncethefinishersreceivetheproject,theymayhighlightthelaststitch(针)workedbythedeadmakerinaspecialwaybeforetheyrestartthework.Injustafewmonths,LooseEndshasbuiltupaglobalteamofover7,000volunteers.Newvolunteersareaskedtosharetheirskillsetsandinterests,.WhenLooseEndsreceivesaproject,thefoundersidentifyagoodfitbasedontheseskills.TheLooseEndsteamwillletthevolunteerstrytheworkto“checkifthey’refeelingittoo”,asSimonicandKaplanneverwanttheworktobeachore.Volunteersdonotchargefortheirwork,whilefamiliesareonlyaskedtocovertheshippingcosts.Thegrouptriestomatchprojectstovolunteerslivingnearbytoreducetheshippingcoststothelowest.4.WhatisthegoaloftheLooseEndsProject?A.Topromotehandworkart.B.Tosellhandworkproductsonline.C.Torecyclegoodhandworkprojects.D.Tocompleteunfinishedhandworkprojects.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“grieving”meaninparagraph4?A.Painful.B.Amazing.C.Touching.D.Unforgettable.6.Whatextrastepmayvolunteersdowithunfinishedworks?A.Theymaysigntheirnamesontheworks.B.Theymayaddreceivers’informationonthem.C.Theymaymarktheoriginalmaker’slaststitch. D.Theymaymakeaspecialdesignforthelaststitch.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheserviceoftheLooseEndsProject?A.Thoughtful.B.Quick.C.Limited.D.Safe.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了编织者JenniferSimonic和MaseyKaplan是朋友，他们于2022年9月启动了LooseEndsProject，帮助人们完成由去世的亲人未完成的编织的东西。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Friendsandknitters(编织者)JenniferSimonicandMaseyKaplanstartedtheLooseEndsProjectinSeptember2022.Thepairmatch“volunteerfinishers”withunfinishedprojectsonlinesotheycancarefullycompletethemandthenreturnthemtothepeopletheywerebeingmadefor.(JenniferSimonic和MaseyKaplan是朋友，他们是编织者，于2022年9月启动了LooseEndsProject。这两个人将“自愿完成者”与网上未完成的项目相匹配，这样他们就可以仔细地完成这些项目，然后将它们返还给他们的目标人群)”可知，LooseEndsProject是为了完成未完成的手工项目。故选D。【5题详解】词句猜测题。上文“Itallstartedwhenfounders,SimonicandKaplan,realizedthattheyhadbothbeenaskedbyfriendstofinishknittinghats,sweatersorotherunfinishedprojectsstartedbytheirdeadmoms.(这一切都始于创始人西蒙尼克和卡普兰意识到，他们都被朋友要求完成编织帽子、毛衣或其他由他们去世的母亲开始的未完成的项目)”可知，Simonic和Kaplan帮助人们完成由去世的亲人未完成的编织的东西，以这种方式帮助陌生人度过失去亲人的悲伤的过程，由此可推知，划线单词grieving意为“悲伤的”，与A项“Painful.(痛苦的。)”意义一致，故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Addingatouchingcoupleofextrasteps,oncethefinishersreceivetheproject,theymayhighlightthelaststitch(针)workedbythedeadmakerinaspecialwaybeforetheyrestartthework.(他们添加了几个额外的感人步骤，一旦收到这个项目，他们重新开始工作之前，他们可能会以一种特殊的方式突出由之前死去的编织者所缝制的最后一针)”可知，志愿者对未完成的工作采取的额外措施是，他们会标记由原来编织者所缝制的最后一针。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Addingatouchingcoupleofextrasteps,oncethefinishersreceivetheproject,theymayhighlightthelaststitch(针)workedbythedeadmakerinaspecialwaybeforetheyrestartthework.(他们添加了几个额外的感人步骤，一旦收到这个项目，他们重新开始工作之前，他们可能会以一种特殊的方式 突出由之前死去的编织者所缝制的最后一针)”和倒数第二段中“TheLooseEndsteamwillletthevolunteerstrytheworkto“checkifthey’refeelingittoo”,asSimonicandKaplanneverwanttheworktobeachore.(LooseEnds团队将让志愿者尝试这项工作，以“检查他们是否也有这种感觉”，因为Simonic和Kaplan从不希望这项工作成为一件苦差事)”可推知，LooseEndsProject的服务是周到的，故选A。CHumanscanracetogetoutofahurricane’spath.Someanimalscansenseahurricanecomingandleavequickly,butthereareanimalsthatcan’tsimplygetoutoftheway.Herearethevariouseffectsofhurricanesonanimals.Birdsmaybeabletosenseairpressureandotherchangesintheenvironment,whichencouragesthemtogetoutofharm’sway.Somebirdswillevenspeeduptheirmigration(迁徙)leavingearlierthanusualifaserioushurricaneisapproaching.However,strongwindscanpushbirdshundredsofmilesawayfromtheirhome.Youngorweakbirdscanbecomeseparatedfromtherestoftheirgroupandoftenhavedifficultymakingithome.Fishcanalsobeaffected.AfterHurricaneAndrewin1992,about184millionfishdiedinsouthLouisiana’sAtchafalayaBasinalone.Strongwindsblewleavesofftrees,blowingthemintowetlands.Therotting(腐烂的)organicmaterialtoextremelylowlevelsofoxygeninthewater,killingthefish.Somefishwilloftenfindshelteredareasduringhurricanes,butthey’renotalwayssafe.Dolphinshaveoccasionallybeenblowntoshoreduringbighurricanes.Therearemanyotherdangersthatcomewithhurricane-relatedwater.Sharpriseofsaltwateronshorecanharmwildlifeandplantsthatliveinthefreshwaterandcan’tbearthesaltcontent.Heavyraincanalsoaffectthebalanceoffreshandsaltwaterinsomeareas,harmingthecreaturesthatliveinthem.Manyanimalslosetheirregularfoodsupplywhenahurricanearrives,asstrongwindsandrainsdestroytreesoffruits,nutsandberries.DuringHurricaneAndrew,aboutone-quarterofLouisiana’spublicoysterseed(牡蛎种苗)groundsweredestroyed.BecausetheoysterswereanimportantfoodsourceforsomebirdsonLouisiana’sbarrierIslands,thebirdssufferedmassdeathasadirectresultofthehurricane.8.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?A.Birdsareadaptingtoachangingclimate.B.Birdscansensethecomingofahurricane.C.Birdsmigrateatcertaintimesofeveryyear.D.Birds’habitatsaredestroyedbyhurricanes.9.WhatcausesfishinsouthLouisiana’sAtchafalayaBasintodieafterHurricaneAndrewin1992?A.Poisonousleaves.B.Airpollution. C.Alackofoxygen.D.Thelossofshelters.10.Whatcouldbetheeffectofhurricane-relatedwater?A.Oceanecosystemisdestroyed.B.Seasaltproductionisreduced.C.Manyanimalsmoveawayfromtheirhabitats.D.Therewouldbelessfreshwaterontheearth.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AnimalssuffermorethanhumansduringahurricaneB.Whathappenstoanimalsduringahurricane?C.Whydoanimalsmigrateearlierthanusual?D.Animalsmightfaceseriousthreats【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.B【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了飓风对动物的各种影响。8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Birdsmaybeabletosenseairpressureandotherchangesintheenvironment,whichencouragesthemtogetoutofharm’sway.Somebirdswillevenspeeduptheirmigration(迁徙)leavingearlierthanusualifaserioushurricaneisapproaching.(鸟类可能能够感知气压和环境中的其他变化，这鼓励它们远离危险。如果一场严重的飓风即将来临，一些鸟类甚至会加速迁徙，比平时更早离开)”可知，鸟能感觉到飓风的来临。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Fishcanalsobeaffected.AfterHurricaneAndrewin1992,about184millionfishdiedinsouthLouisiana’sAtchafalayaBasinalone.Strongwindsblewleavesofftrees,blowingthemintowetlands.Therotting(腐烂的)organicmaterialtoextremelylowlevelsofoxygeninthewater,killingthefish.(鱼类也会受到影响。1992年安德鲁飓风过后，仅路易斯安那州南部的阿查法拉亚盆地就有1.84亿条鱼死亡。强风把树叶从树上吹落，吹到湿地。腐烂的有机物质使水中的氧气含量极低，杀死了鱼)”可知，1992年安德鲁飓风过后，缺少氧气导致路易斯安那州南部阿查法拉亚盆地的鱼类死亡。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Therearemanyotherdangersthatcomewithhurricane-relatedwater.Sharpriseofsaltwateronshorecanharmwildlifeandplantsthatliveinthefreshwaterandcan’tbearthesaltcontent.Heavyraincanalsoaffectthebalanceoffreshandsaltwaterinsomeareas,harmingthecreaturesthatliveinthem.(与飓风有 关的水还会带来许多其他危险。岸上咸水的急剧上升会伤害生活在淡水中的野生动物和植物，它们无法承受海水的含盐量。大雨还会影响某些地区淡水和盐水的平衡，伤害生活在其中的生物)”可知，与飓风有关的水会破坏海洋生态系统。故选A。11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Humanscanracetogetoutofahurricane’spath.Someanimalscansenseahurricanecomingandleavequickly,butthereareanimalsthatcan’tsimplygetoutoftheway.Herearethevariouseffectsofhurricanesonanimals.(人类可以竞相逃离飓风的路径。有些动物能感觉到飓风的来临并迅速离开，但有些动物不能简单地让路。这是飓风对动物的各种影响)”可知，文章针对飓风对动物的各种影响展开叙述。Whathappenstoanimalsduringahurricane?（飓风来袭时动物会怎么样?）符合最佳标题。故选B。DManypeoplebelievethatgreatnessrequirestrainingaskillwellpastproficiency(熟练)It’scontinuingtopracticeevenaftereverysuccessfulshotyoumake.It’splayingthatsongonemoretimeeventhoughyou’vemadenomistakes.Scientistscallthistrainingpastthepointofimprovement“overlearning”.Tounderstandhowoverlearningaffectsourabilitytoobtainanewskill,researchersexposedtwogroupstoaseriesoflearningexercises.Inthefirstgroup,learnersstoppedpracticingassoonastheystoppedgettingbetter.Theythentooka30-minutebreak.Afterthebreaktheytrainedonanotherdistinct,butsimilarlearningexercise.Thenextday,theytookapost-test.Thesubjectsperformedwellonthesecondtask--theonetheylearnedmorerecently.Theyfailedthefirsttask.“Intheusualsituationwhereyoustoptrainingonanewskillimmediatelyaftermasteringit,thebrainstaysinitsready-to-learnstate.Ourbrainsaregoodatlearningnewtasks.Itmeansthatifyouthentrainasecondsimilartask,itoverwrites(覆盖)thefirstskill.Itbecomesasthoughyouhaven’tstudiedthefirstskillatall,”saidTakeoWatanabe,theleadauthorofthestudy.Inthesecondgroup,learners“overlearned”.Differentfromthefirstgroup,thisgroupcontinuedpracticingpastthepointofcompetency.Subjectsoutstrippedthosewhodidn’toverleamonthefirsttask.Itturnsoutthatspendingaslittleas20extraminutespracticingataskyou’vealreadyperfectedleadstolastingimprovements.Thebenefitisthatthesecondlearningdoesn’tconflictwiththefirst.“Buttheotherpartofthestoryisthatyoulearnthatsecondtasklesswell,”saidWatanabe.Theylearnedthesecondtaskroughlyhalfaswellasthefirstgroup.“Ifyouoverlearnaskill,yourbrainstatechangesveryrapidlyfrombeingplastic(可塑的)tobeingsteady,”saidWatanabe,“whichinturnmeansthatyourbrainhasmoretimetolockintheskill,preventingitfrombeingoverwritten.” ButWatanabewarnsagainstputtingallone’seggsinonebasket.“Somestudiessuggestthatthebenefitsgainedbyoverlearningcangraduallydisappearoveraslittleasfourweeks.Itmightbethatwehavetopairoverlearningwithotherlearningmethods,”hesaid.12.Ifwestopimmediatelyaftermasteringanewskill,ourbrainwill.A.losesomeofitsfunctionB.bereadytotakeonnewtasksC.spendalongtimelockingintheskillD.havedifficultydealingwithsimilartask13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outstripped”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Didbetterthan.B.Lookeddownupon.C.Caughtupwith.D.Performedworsethan.14.Whatdisadvantagedidthesecondgroupoflearnersshow?A.Theycouldn’tlearnskillsquickly.B.Theycouldn’tcombinelearmingskillsproperly.C.Theyshowedlittleinterestinlearningnewthings.D.Theywerelessefficientinlearningthesecondtask.15.WhatisWatanabe’sadviceonlearning?A.Alwaysputtingoverlearningfirst.BLearningwithflexibletechniques.C.Keepingyourbraininitsready-to-learnstate.D.Trainingyourbraintolockinthemostessentialskill.【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了过度学习影响我们掌握新技能的能力。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Intheusualsituationwhereyoustoptrainingonanewskillimmediatelyaftermasteringit,thebrainstaysinitsready-to-learnstate.Ourbrainsaregoodatlearningnewtasks.(在通常情况下，你在掌握一项新技能后立即停止训练，大脑会处于准备学习状态。我们的大脑擅长学习新任务)”可知，如果我们在掌握一项新技能后立即停止，我们的大脑就会准备好接受新的任务。故选B。【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据下文“Itturnsoutthatspendingaslittleas20extraminutespracticingataskyou’vealreadyperfectedleadstolastingimprovements.(事实证明，只要多花20分钟练习一项你已经熟练的任务，就能带来持久的进步)”可知，划线词所在的句子意思是：研究对象在第一项任务中表现优于那些没有过度学习的人。由此可知，outstripped与A选项：（比……做得更好）意思接近。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Buttheotherpartofthestoryisthatyoulearnthatsecondtasklesswell,”saidWatanabe.Theylearnedthesecondtaskroughlyhalfaswellasthefirstgroup.(渡边说:“但另一方面，你学习第二项任务的能力就差了。”他们学习第二项任务的能力大约是第一组的一半)”可知，第二组学习者显示出他们在学习第二个任务时效率更低。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“ButWatanabewarnsagainstputtingallone’seggsinonebasket.“Somestudiessuggestthatthebenefitsgainedbyoverlearningcangraduallydisappearoveraslittleasfourweeks.Itmightbethatwehavetopairoverlearningwithotherlearningmethods,”hesaid.(但渡边警告说，不要把所有的鸡蛋放在一个篮子里。“一些研究表明，过度学习带来的好处会在短短四周内逐渐消失。也许我们必须将过渡学习与其他学习方法结合起来，”他说)”可知，渡边建议要用灵活的技巧学习而不是一味地只是过度学习。故选B。第二节(共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Aspelunkerisapersonwhoexplorescaves.Anothertermappliedtothoseexploringcavesis”caver“.Thelatterisgenerallyreservedforthosewithtrainingandeducationinthescienceofcaving.___16___Drawntothemysteryoftheunexplored,theyseekcavesforpleasureandnotnecessarilywithspecificgoalsinmind.Manywhoareinterestedinbecomingaspelunkerjoinclubsorgroupsorganisedbymoreexperiencedcaveexplorers,suchastheNationalSpeleologicalSociety(NSS).TheNSSorganisescavingclubsthatpromotepreservationofcavesandinterestinthescienceofcaving.___17___Safetyisamainconcernforspelunkers.Onebigthreatisfalling.___18___Anotherthreatisbeinghitbyfallingobjectsabove.Spelunkerscanalsobethreatenedbylowbodytemperature.Itcanbecomedangerouslylowasaresultofbeinginacoldcaveforalongtime.___19___Propershoesarerequiredtopreventspelunkersfalling.Andaspecialhatisrequiredtoreducetheriskofinjuryfromfallingobjects.Moreover,warmclothingisimportantincaseaspelunkergetsseparatedfromthegroupandstuckinacoldcaveforalongertimethanexpected.Spelunkersshouldalsobringafirstaidkit,food, water,andalight.Butthisisn’tenough.Spelunkersshouldalsofollowbasicprinciplesofsafeandresponsiblecaveexploration.Formgroupsoffourtosixspelunkers.___20___Telladditionalpartiesaboutthecavingtrip.Andnewspelunkersshouldalwaysincludemoreexperiencedcaversinthegroupandstartwithwell-knowncaves.Mostimportantly,theyshouldstaywiththegroupatalltimes.A.Establishatimelimitbeforeenteringacave.B.Afterall,cavescanbedarkandsometimeswet.C.Theexperiencedcaversmaychoosewell-knowncaves.D.Spelunkersmustbefullypreparedbeforeexploringcaves.E.However,spelunkersusuallyexplorecavesjustasahobby.F.Manycavesrequireclimbingandgoingthroughtightpassages.G.Theseclubsalsoplancavingtripsthatallowforsaferexploration.【答案】16.E17.G18.B19.D20.A【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了洞穴探险者在探索洞穴之前必须做的准备和要遵循的洞穴探险的基本原则。【16题详解】上文“Anothertermappliedtothoseexploringcavesis“caver”.Thelatterisgenerallyreservedforthosewithtrainingandeducationinthescienceofcaving.(另一个适用于那些探索洞穴的术语是“洞穴探险者”。后者通常是为那些在洞穴科学方面受过训练和教育的人保留的。)”介绍了“洞穴探险者”指的是那些在洞穴科学方面受过训练和教育的人，下文“Drawntothemysteryoftheunexplored,theyseekcavesforpleasureandnotnecessarilywithspecificgoalsinmind.(被未知的神秘所吸引，他们寻求洞穴的乐趣，而不一定有特定的目标在心中。)”指出探索洞穴的人只是为了乐趣，而非是专业人士，E项“然而，洞穴探险者通常把探索洞穴仅仅作为一种爱好。”符合，和上文是转折关系，同时引起下文，故选E。【17题详解】上文“TheNSSorganisescavingclubsthatpromotepreservationofcavesandinterestinthescienceofcaving.(NSS组织洞穴俱乐部，促进洞穴的保护和洞穴科学的兴趣。)”介绍了NSS组织了一些洞穴俱乐部，空处承接上文，对这些俱乐部进行介绍，G项“这些俱乐部还计划进行洞穴探险，以保证更安全的探险。”符合，故选G。【18题详解】上文“Safetyisamainconcernforspelunkers.Onebigthreatisfalling.(安全是洞穴探险者最关心的问题。一 个巨大的威胁正在降临。)”指出探索洞穴会有危险，B项“毕竟，洞穴可以是黑暗的，有时是潮湿的。”解释了洞穴会有危险的原因，故选B。【19题详解】下文“Propershoesarerequiredtopreventspelunkersfalling.Andaspecialhatisrequiredtoreducetheriskofinjuryfromfallingobjects.Moreover,warmclothingisimportantincaseaspelunkergetsseparatedfromthegroupandstuckinacoldcaveforalongertimethanexpected.Spelunkersshouldalsobringafirstaidkit,food,water,andalight.(为了防止洞穴探险者坠落，必须穿上合适的鞋子。还需要一顶特殊的帽子来降低坠落物体造成伤害的风险。此外，为了防止洞穴探险者与群体分离，在寒冷的洞穴中被困的时间比预期的要长，保暖的衣服也是非常重要的。洞穴探险者还应该带上急救箱、食物、水和灯。)”具体描述了洞穴探险者在探索洞穴之前所做的准备。D项“洞穴探险者在探索洞穴之前必须做好充分的准备。”符合，概括了下文，故选D。【20题详解】上文“Spelunkersshouldalsofollowbasicprinciplesofsafeandresponsiblecaveexploration.(洞穴探险者也应该遵循安全和负责任的洞穴探险的基本原则。)”指出洞穴探险者要遵循安全和负责任的洞穴探险的基本原则，下文“Telladditionalpartiesaboutthecavingtrip.Andnewspelunkersshouldalwaysincludemoreexperiencedcaversinthegroupandstartwithwell-knowncaves.Mostimportantly,theyshouldstaywiththegroupatalltimes.(告诉其他人洞穴探险的事。新的洞穴探险者应该总是包括更有经验的洞穴探险者，并刚开始要探索著名的洞穴。最重要的是，他们应该一直和团队待在一起。)”具体介绍了洞穴探险的基本原则，A项“在进入洞穴之前设定一个时间限制。”也是洞穴探险的基本原则，故选A。第三部分完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AdognamedRussranawayfromhisowner’svehicleastheCaldorFireroaredtowardSouthLakeTahoe.Hisownerwasforcedto___21___duringthefire,leavinghimunableto___22___hisdog.ItwasassumedthatRusshadbeenlostforgood.___23___onDec.162021,amanskiingwestofTahoe___24___Russ,whowasunableto___25___.Theskierpostedphotosoftheanimaltrappedindeepsnowonline.That___26___caughttheattentionofWendyJones,theexecutivedirectorofTahoePAWSandTLC4FurryFriends.Althoughinthemiddleofanother___27___shegatheredateamof___28___.“Becausethedoghadbeenoutinthesnowallday,weknew___29___wasofimportance”,Jonessaid.Itwasgetting____30____.Thedogwastrackedupthemountain,andfinallylocatedunderatree.“Igot really____31____,”saidAllen,a61-yearoldvolunteer,“forhewasnotmoving.I____32____hewasdead.Luckily,heopenedhiseyesandliftedhishead.”Russwasveryscared,soAllenspentsometimewinninghis____33____beforeattemptingtomovehimontoasled(雪橇).Itwasa____34____journeybackdownthemountainbymoonlight,sincetherewassuchdeepsnowandthesledkepttryingtofallover.It’scertainthatRusshasa(n)____35____totell.21.A.waitB.sufferC.adaptD.evacuate22.A.lookatB.talkaboutC.searchforD.dependon23.A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.IndeedD.Otherwise24.A.keptB.spottedC.rememberedD.threatened25.A.moveB.roarC.eatD.hear26.A.postB.letterC.videoD.proposal27.A.matchB.tourC.rescueD.mystery28.A.researchersB.volunteersC.doctorsD.soldiers29.A.timeB.patienceC.courageD.environment30.A.busyB.darkC.hardD.clear31.A.excitedB.relievedC.nervousD.annoyed32.A.forgotB.provedC.knewD.feared33.A.attentionB.supportC.respectD.trust34.A.safeB.simpleC.toughD.great35.A.secretB.adventureC.planeD.excuse【答案】21.D22.C23.A24.B25.A26.A27.C28.B29.A30.B31.C32.D33.D34.C35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了对小狗Russ进行救援的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的主人在火灾期间被迫撤离，使他无法寻找他的狗。A.wait等待；B.suffer遭受；C.adapt适应，改编；D.evacuate撤离。根据“AdognamedRussranawayfromhisowner’svehicleastheCaldorFireroaredtowardSouthLakeTahoe.”可是，火灾使主人被迫撤离。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A.lookat看；B.talkabout谈论；C.searchfor搜寻；D.dependon依靠，取决于。根据“AdognamedRussranawayfromhisowner’svehicle”和“Hisownerwasforcedto___1___ duringthefire”可知，主人因为火灾的原因撤离，因此无法寻找自己的狗。故选C。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在2021年12月16日，一名男子在太浩湖以西滑雪时发现了无法移动的Russ。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Indeed确实，实际上；D.Otherwise否则。上文提到“ItwasassumedthatRusshadbeenlostforgood.(大家都认为Russ已经永远消失了)”，下文提到“Theskierpostedphotosoftheanimaltrappedindeepsnowonline.(这位滑雪者在网上发布了被困在深雪中的动物的照片。)”，由此可知，这位男子滑雪时看到了Russ，上下文之间是转折关系。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.kept保持；B.spotted看见，看出；C.remembered记得；D.threatened威胁。根据下文“Theskierpostedphotosoftheanimaltrappedindeepsnowonline.(这位滑雪者在网上发布了被困在深雪中的动物的照片。)”可知，这位男子滑雪时看到了Russ。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.move移动；B.roar吼叫，咆哮；C.eat吃；D.hear听见。根据“theanimaltrappedindeepsnow”可知，Russ被困在深雪中，不能移动。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这篇帖子引起了TahoePAWS和TLC4FurryFriends的执行董事WendyJones的注意。A.post帖子；B.letter信，字母；C.video视频；D.proposal提议，建议。根据“Theskierpostedphotosoftheanimaltrappedindeepsnowonline.”可知，此处指的是上文中发布的帖子。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管在另一次救援中，她召集了一队志愿者。A.match比赛；B.tour旅游；C.rescue救援，营救；D.mystery神秘。根据“That___6___caughttheattentionofWendyJones,theexecutivedirectorofTahoePAWSandTLC4FurryFriends.”可知，她是发起救援的人。故选C。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.researchers研究者；B.volunteers志愿者；C.doctors医生；D.soldiers士兵。根据下文“saidAllen,a61-yearoldvolunteer”可知，此处是信息词volunteer的词汇复现。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为这只狗在雪地里呆了一整天，我们知道时间很重要。A.time时间；B.patience耐心；C.courage勇气；D.environment环境。根据“Becausethedoghadbeenoutinthesnowallday”可知，Russ已经在雪地里被冻了一天，因此救援时间很重要。故选A。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：天渐渐黑了。A.busy忙的；B.dark黑暗的；C.hard艰难的；D.clear清晰 的。根据下文“Itwasa___14___journeybackdownthemountainbymoonlight”可知，因为有月光，因此天渐渐黑了。故选B。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我真的很紧张，”61岁的志愿者艾伦说，“因为他一动不动。”A.excited兴奋的；B.relieved感到宽慰的；C.nervous紧张的；D.annoyed恼怒的。根据“forhewasnotmoving”可知，狗一动不动，艾伦感到紧张，担心他死了。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我害怕他已经死了。A.forgot忘记；B.proved证明；C.knew知道；D.feared害怕。根据“forhewasnotmoving”可知，因为狗一动不动，艾伦害怕他已经死了。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Russ非常害怕，所以艾伦花了一些时间赢得了他的信任，然后才试图把他移到雪橇上。A.attention注意力；B.support支持；C.respect尊重；D.trust信任。根据“Russwasveryscared”可知，Russ收到了惊吓，因此想要把他移到雪橇上需要先花时间赢得他的信任。故选D。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在月光下下山是一段艰难的旅程，因为雪很厚，雪橇总是会摔倒。A.safe安全的；B.simple简单的；C.tough艰难的；D.great伟大的。根据“sincetherewassuchdeepsnowandthesledkepttryingtofallover.”可知，因为地上厚厚的雪，下山的路程很艰难。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，Russ有一个冒险故事要讲。A.secret秘密；B.adventure冒险；C.plane飞机；D.excuse借口，理由。根据文章内容可知，对Russ的救援难度很大，整个过程是一个冒险故事。故选B。第四部分语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。YoumightbewonderingwhatBlackForestWaresare.Thesearecarvings,___36___(carve)outofwoodtovividlydescribeforestanimals,foresttrees,branches,andleaves.Inthe1800’s,thewoodcarvingindustryofSwitzerlandstartedinthetownofBrienz.Bytheendofthe1800’sithadbecomethedrivingforceforthisindustry.Those___37___(create)Swisswoodcarversbecamefamousaroundtheworldandshowedtheirworksatmanyinternational___38___(exhibit).Duringthe1800’sandthe1900’s,popularitywasalsogrowinginmanyoverseasmarkets.Therewasahighdemandforthesecarvingsespecially___39___(represent)AmericanWildlife.Inthelast15yearsthisgenre(体裁)hasseensomemajorchanges. Therearethreefactors___40___affectaBlackForestcarving’svalue.Just___41___mostantiques(古董),qualityisveryimportantwhenit___42___(come)toBlackForestcarvings.Thequalityofacarvingcanvaryfromindifferenttofirst-rate.Anotherfactorthatplays___43___bigpartinthevalueofacarvingisasignatureandwhosignedit.Themostsought-afterpiecescomefromtheHugglefamilyofcarvers.Thevaluecan___44___(affect)bythesubjectanddetailofthepiece.Bearsarethemost___45___(frequent)representedanimal,whichmakesotheranimalssuchasdogsmuchrarer.【答案】36.carved37.creative38.exhibitions39.representative40.to41.like42.comes43.a44.beaffected45.frequently【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章对黑森林制品，即由木头制成动植物等各种木质雕刻品进行了介绍。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些都是雕刻品，用木头雕刻而成，生动地描绘了森林动物、森林树木、树枝和树叶。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语carvings与carve是被动关系，先于谓语动词发生，因此需要使用过去分词形式。故填carved。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：这些富有创造力的瑞士木雕家在世界各地都很有名，并在许多国际展览会上展出了他们的作品。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用形容词作定语修饰名词carvers，意为“有创意的”，“create”的形容词形式为creative。故填creative。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：这些富有创造力的瑞士木雕家在世界各地都很有名，并在许多国际展览会上展出了他们的作品。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用名词被manyinternational修饰，因此需要使用复数形式，意为“展品”，“exhibit”名词形式为exhibition。故填exhibitions。【39题详解】考查形容词。句意：这些雕刻品需求量很大，尤其是美国野生动物的代表。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用形容词作定语，修饰AmericanWildlife，意为“有代表性的”，“represent”形容词形式为 representative。故填representative。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有三个因素影响黑森林雕刻的价值。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用不定式符号to与affect构成不定式，修饰抽象名词factors。故填to。【41题详解】考查介词。句意：就像大多数古董一样，黑森林雕刻品的质量非常重要。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用介词表达“正如”，构成likemostantiques作状语，意为“正如大多数古董一样”。故填like。【42题详解】考查动词时态。句意：就像大多数古董一样，黑森林雕刻品的质量非常重要。根据固定搭配“whenitcomestosth.”意为“当涉及到……时”，此处为叙述一般事实，且主语为it，因此需要使用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。故填comes。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：另一个影响雕刻价值的重要因素是签名和签名人。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用定冠词a，构成短语“playabigpart”意为“其重要作用”。故填a。【44题详解】考查动词语态。句意：价值可以受到作品的主题和细节的影响。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用动词原形置于情态动词can之后，主语value与affect是被动关系，因此需要使用被动语态。故填beaffected。【45题详解】考查副词。句意：熊是最常见的动物，这使得狗等其他动物更加罕见。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用副词修饰谓语动词，“frequent”副词形式为“frequently”。故填frequently。第五部分单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)根据汉语及首字母提示写出单词的正确形式，每空限填一词。46.Avirtualchoire______(使能够)themtoaddtheirvoicestothoseofotherindividualsandbecomepartoftheglobalcommunity.（根据中英文提示填空）【答案】enables/enabled【解析】【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：虚拟唱诗班使他们能够将自己的声音加入到其他人的声音中，并成为全球社区的一部分。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示“使能够”可知应填动词enable，句子既可以表示一般性事实，用一般现在时，主语为Avirtualchoir，谓语用第三人称单数形式，也可以表示过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填enables/enabled。 47.Thegirlwasmovedbyhisr_______(浪漫的)words.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】romantic##omantic【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：女孩被他的浪漫话语打动了。“浪漫的”为形容词romantic，作定语，修饰名词words，故填romantic。48.Someoftheirgreata___________(成就)includedbuildingtownsandroads.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)【答案】achievements【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：他们的一些伟大成就包括建造城镇和道路。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示“成就”可知，应填名词achievement，作宾语，根据上文Someoftheirgreat可知，应用复数。故填achievements。49.Whenwefinallyreachedtheservicedesktoaskforaudioguides,weheardita_______(宣布)thattherewerenoaudioguidesleft.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】announced##nnounced【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：当我们最终到服务台索语音频指南时，我们听到它宣布已经没有语音指南了。根据首字母及汉语提示可知，此处应用动词announce，和宾语it是被动关系，应用过去分词announced，作宾语补足语。故填announced。50.Peoplecelebratetoshowthattheyareg_______(感恩)fortheyear’ssupplyoffood.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】grateful##rateful【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：人们通过庆祝来表达他们对一年的食物供应的感激。此处应用形容词作表语，“感恩”应用形容词grateful，begratefulfor固定搭配，意为“对……感恩”，故填grateful。51.Overthenextseverald_______(数十年),sheheldmanyimportantpositions.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】decades##ecades【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：在接下来的几十年里，她担任过许多重要职位。根据汉语提示“数十年”和首字母提示以及空前的“several”可知，此处为可数名词decade的复数形式。故填decades。52.Ihavetoadmitthatitd_________(肯定）feelsgoodtobebackinthecityagain.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】definitely【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：我不得不承认再次回到这个城市的感觉肯定很好。分析句子可知，谓语动词feels需用副词definitely修饰。故填definitely。53.Thereweresomanygoodrestaurantstochoosefrom,soIs_______(挑选)onethatserveditsfoodonbeautifulchinaplates.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】selected##elected【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：有很多不错的餐馆可供选择，所以我选了一家用漂亮的瓷盘上菜的。根据汉语提示“挑选”和首字母提示可知，此处为动词select，结合“were”可知，需用一般过去时。故填selected。54.Thisthens_______(标志)onestepfurtherinChina’splantoestablishaspacestationinthefuture.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】signalled##ignalled【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：这标志着中国在未来建立空间站的计划又向前迈进了一步。根据汉语提示“标志”和首字母可知，此处为动词signal，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故填signalled。55.Hehadtop_______(推迟)openingtheletteruntil2o’clock.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】postpone##ostpone【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：他不得不把拆信的时间推迟到两点钟。根据汉语提示“推迟”和首字母提示可知，此处为动词postpone，hadto后面需加动词原形。故填postpone。第六部分汉译英(满分25分)第一节单句翻译(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)56.世界各地都庆祝节日。(汉译英)【答案】Festivalsarecelebratedallaroundtheworld.【解析】【详解】考查动词时态语态。句子在陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，表示“节日”应用festival，此处表示泛指各种节日，需用名词复数形式；表示“庆祝”应用celebrate；festivals和celebrate为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为复数名词，be动词用are；表示“世界各地”应用allaroundtheworld。故翻译为：Festivalsarecelebratedallaroundtheworld.。57.是那条船把你带到了英国。(汉译英)【答案】ItwastheshipthatbroughtyoutoEngland. 【解析】【详解】考查强调句和时态。句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。“是……”表示强调，应用强调句，itbe+强调内容+that/who+句子剩余部分，强调内容为人，应用that/who，强调内容为物，应用that，“那条船”翻译为theship，是强调内容，“带某人去某地”为bringsb.tosp.，“英国”为England.故翻译为ItwastheshipthatbroughtyoutoEngland.58.探索宇宙的愿望永不磨灭。(汉译英)【答案】Thedesiretoexploretheuniverseneverdies.【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词和时态。句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时。“愿望”为thedesire，“探索”为动词explore，修饰desire，作后置定语，动词修饰名词desire时，应用不定式，“磨灭”理解为“消亡”，为动词die，“永不”为副词never，主语是单数，谓语动词应用三单，故整句翻译为Thedesiretoexploretheuniverseneverdies.59.从初中过渡到高中确实是一项巨大的挑战。（汉译英）【答案】Goingfromjuniorhighschooltoseniorhighschoolisareallybigchallenge.【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，本句是简单的主系表结构。“从初中过渡到高中”是主语，此处用动名词做主语，即goingfromjuniorhighschooltoseniorhighschool；句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语是动名词，看成第三人称单数，所以系动词用is；表示“确实”用副词really，修饰形容词“大的”；表示“一项巨大的挑战”用abigchallenge，故整句可翻译为Goingfromjuniorhighschooltoseniorhighschoolisareallybigchallenge。60.她的一番话让我们看到了这位伟大女性的内心世界。(汉译英)【答案】Herwordsgaveusalookintotheheartofthisgreatwoman.【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。表示“她的一番话”应用herwords；表示“让我们看到”应用giveusalookinto，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时；表示“这位伟大女性的内心世界”应用theheartofthisgreatwoman。故翻译成：Herwordsgaveusalookintotheheartofthisgreatwoman.第二节语篇翻译(满分10分)61.语篇翻译藏羚羊(Tibetanantelopes)生活在西藏、新疆和青海的平原上。看着它们(藏羚羊)缓缓穿过绿色的草地，我被其美丽所震撼。然而，因其珍贵的羊毛，它们正遭受非法猎杀。我的向导，在当地自然保护区工 作，说道，“我们不是在试图拯救它们。事实上，我们是在努力拯救自己。”【答案】TibetanantelopesliveontheplainsofTibet,Xinjiang,andQinghai.Watchingthemmoveslowlyacrossthegreengrass,I’mstruckbytheirbeauty.However,theyarebeinghunted,illegally,fortheirvaluablefur.Workingatthelocalnaturereserve,myguidesaid,“We’renottryingtosavethem.Actually,we’retryingtosaveourselves.”【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者看到藏羚羊时的震撼并提出对藏羚羊的保护的重要性。【详解】全文使用一般现在时，表示“藏羚羊(Tibetanantelopes)生活在西藏、新疆和青海的平原上。”应用TibetanantelopesliveontheplainsofTibet,Xinjiang,andQinghai，其中短语liveon表示“生活在”；表示“看着它们(藏羚羊)缓缓穿过绿色的草地，我被其美丽所震撼。”应用Watchingthemmoveslowlyacrossthegreengrass,I’mstruckbytheirbeauty，其中watching为现在分词作状语，短语bestuckby表示“被……所震撼”；表示“然而，因其珍贵的羊毛，它们正遭受非法猎杀。”应用However,theyarebeinghunted,illegally,fortheirvaluablefur；表示“我的向导，在当地自然保护区工作，说道，“我们不是在试图拯救它们。事实上，我们是在努力拯救自己。””应用Workingatthelocalnaturereserve,myguidesaid,“We’renottryingtosavethem.Actually,we’retryingtosaveourselves.”，其中working为现在分词作状语。故翻译成：TibetanantelopesliveontheplainsofTibet,Xinjiang,andQinghai.Watchingthemmoveslowlyacrossthegreengrass,I’mstruckbytheirbeauty.However,theyarebeinghunted,illegally,fortheirvaluablefur.Workingatthelocalnaturereserve,myguidesaid,“We’renottryingtosavethem.Actually,we’retryingtosaveourselves.”第七部分应用文写作(满分15分)62.假定你受学生会委托为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一篇短文，题目为：Staysafeonline。内容包括：1.上网存在风险；2.上网时如何保护个人隐私。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Staysafeonline_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Nowadays,itiscommonforpeopletogoonlineeveryday.However,potentialrisksarealsopresentwhenpeoplebrowsetheinternet.Toensureonlinesafety,therearesomemeasuresyoumightfindhelpful.Firstly,nevergiveoutpersonalinformation,suchasyourname,phonenumber,homeaddressoranyothersensitiveinformationtostrangers.Secondly,becarefulwhendownloadingattachments,orclickingonlinkssentbyothers.Makesureyouonlyopenattachmentsorlinksfromtrustedsourcestoavoidvirusesormaliciousprograms.Thirdly,itisalsoveryimportanttousesecurepasswordsandtochangethemperiodically.Byfollowingthesesecuritymeasures,youwillbesafeonlineandbeabletosurftheinternetfreelywithaneaseofmind.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生代表学生会为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一篇题目为“Staysafeonline”的短文。详解】1.词汇积累常见的：common→widelyknown确保：ensure→makecertain措施：measure→courseofaction有益的：behelpful→bebeneficial2.句式拓展同义句改写原句：Itisalsoveryimportanttousesecurepasswordsandtochangethemperiodically拓展句：Itisofimportancetousesecurepasswordsandtochangethemperiodically.【点睛】【高分句型1】Toensureonlinesafety,therearesomemeasuresyoumightfindhelpful.（运用了动词不定式作目的状语）【高分句型2】Secondly,becarefulwhendownloadingattachments,orclickingonlinkssentbyothers.（运用了过去分词短语作后置定语）