高考英语二轮复习模块1语篇能力专题1阅读理解第1讲细节理解题

模块一　专题一　第1讲A(2021·河北石家庄市高三一模)LondonisarealtreatformuseumloversandmuseumsareapopulardestinationamongLondon’smanyattractions.BelowisalistofLondon’stopmuseums.◆TheLondonTransportMuseumThisisagreat,child-friendlymuseumwhichcombineseducationwithactivities.Housedinhugeironandglassstructure,themuseumpossessesawonderfulandcolorfulcollectionofmorethan80vehiclesspanning200yearsofLondon’shistory,includingaredRoutemasterbusandtheworld’sfirstUndergroundsteamtrain.Therearesomegreatpostersandartworkstoo!Ticketsfrom￡16．◆TheScienceMuseumFromthefutureofspacetraveltoaskingthatdifficultquestion:“WhoamI？”，theScienceMuseummakesyourbrainperformOlympic-standardmentalgymnastics.See,touchandexperiencethemajorscientificadvancesofthelast300years;anddon’tforgettheawesomeIMAXcinema.Freeentry.◆TheNaturalHistoryMuseumAswellasthepermanent(andpermanentlyfascinating)dinosaurexhibition,theNaturalHistoryMuseumboastsacollectionofthebiggest，tallestandrarestanimalsintheworld.Seealife-sizedbluewhale,a40-million-year-oldspider,andthebeautifulCentralHall.Freeentry.◆TheMuseumofLondonTheMuseumofLondonisoneoftheworld’slargesturbanmuseums,packedwithhistoricobjectsandexhibitionstellingthestoryofLondon’spast.DiscoverprehistoricLondon,thecityunderRomanrule,andthegrandeurofmedievalLondon.Don’tmissthenewGalleriesofModernLondon,from1666tothepresent.Freeentry.1．WhatdoestheLondonTransportMuseumlooklike?A．Anoldcastle.　　　　B．Anoldchurch.C．Amodernbuilding.D．Abigcottage.2．WhichmuseumwillyouvisitifyouareinterestedinthehistoryofLondon?A．TheLondonTransportMuseum.B．TheScienceMuseum.C．TheNaturalHistoryMuseum.12,D．TheMuseumofLondon.3．WhatdoestheScienceMuseumofferkids?A．Chancestomakefilms.B．Hands-onexperience.C．SomeOlympicevents.D．Greatpostersandartworks.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了伦敦的四所顶级的博物馆的特点和票价。1．C　推理判断题。根据第二段中“Housedinhugeironandglassstructure,themuseumpossessesawonderfulandcolorfulcollectionofmorethan80vehiclesspanning200yearsofLondon’shistory”博物馆采用巨大的铁制和玻璃结构，收藏了伦敦200多年历史中的80多辆精彩绝伦的藏品。可知博物馆的铁制和玻璃结构建筑是现代风格。故选C项。2．D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“TheMuseumofLondonisoneoftheworld’slargesturbanmuseums,packedwithhistoricobjectsandexhibitionstellingthestoryofLondon’spast.”伦敦博物馆是世界上最大的城市博物馆之一，有很多讲述伦敦过去故事的历史文物和展览。可知，如果对伦敦历史感兴趣应该参观伦敦博物馆。故选D项。3．B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“See,touchandexperiencethemajorscientificadvancesofthelast300years”观看、触摸和体验过去300年的主要科学进展。可知，自然博物馆可以为孩子们提供上手体验的机会。故选B项。B(2021·江苏省扬州市高三考前调研测试)WHYYOUDOTHAT(HowtoGaintheSelf-Observations,Reflections,andPersonalInsightYouNeedforaMoreAccurateandComprehensiveSelf-Awareness)byJohnB．Evans,PhD,LCSWUnderstandingyourbasicpersonalitycharacteristicswilldrasticallyincreaseyourself-awarenessandself-control,allowingyoutoactuallycreatethepersonyouwanttobe.978－1－94429－870－8·Paper,$19.99·318Pages·Self-Help/PersonalityAvailableonAmazon.APONTIACINTHEWOODSbyFredMisurellaAyoungwoman’srude,sometimesprimitivenarrativeaboutlivingalone,inanovelthatpacksasurprisingpunch.“Beautifullyandsympatheticallywritten.”—IndieReader978－0－578－71792－0·Paper,$14.00·306Pages·LiteraryFiction/YoungAdultFictionAvailableonAmazonandFredMisurella.com.12,THERESTRUCTURING(WhoAreYou？)byJ.L.StaffordSomeofusneedtofindourselvesagain,anditdoesn’thappenbyaccident.Diggingdeepwithinourselvescantouchtheverydepthofourhearts.TheRestructuringinvitesyouonapoeticallyguidedjourneythroughthedepthsofouremotionallandscape.978－1098323738·Paper,$12.99·90Pages·Self-helpAvailableonAmazonandBookBaby.THEROADTODELANObyJohnDeSimoneAcoming-of-agenovelsetduringtheDelanograpestrike.CesarChavez’sfastfornonviolenceinfluencestwohighschoolstudentsintheirheroicstruggleforjustice.978－1644280317·Hardcover,$26.00·420Pages·HistoricalFictionAvailableonBarnes&Noble,Amazon,IndieBound,andRussosBooks.Author’swebsite：johndesimone.com.4．Ifyouwanttoknowyourselfbetter,whichcanbethebest?A．APONTIACINTHEWOODSandTHEROADTODELANO.B．THERESTRUCTURINGandTHEROADTODELANO.C．WHYYOUDOTHATandAPONTIACINTHEWOODS.D．WHYYOUDOTHATandTHERESTRUCTURING.5．Ifyoubuytwocopiesofeach,howmuchwillyoupayintotal?A．$26.99．　　　　B．$45.99．C．$72.98．　　　　D．$145.96．6．WhoarethetargetreadersofTHEROADTODELANO?A．Adults.　　　　B．Children.C．Youngadults.　　　　D．Seniorcitizens.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几本书籍的详细信息。4．D　推理判断题。根据文章“WHYYOUDOTHAT”部分中的“HowtoGaintheSelf-Observations,Reflections,andPersonalInsightYouNeedforaMoreAccurateandComprehensiveSelf-Awareness(如何获得更准确、更全面的自我意识所需要的自我观察、反思和个人洞察力)”和“Understandingyourbasicpersonalitycharacteristicswilldrasticallyincreaseyourself-awarenessandself-control(了解自己基本的个性特征会大大提高你的自我意识和自我控制能力)”以及“THERESTRUCTURING(WhoAreYou？)”部分中的“Someofusneedtofindourselvesagain(有些人需要重新找到自我)”和“Diggingdeepwithinourselvescantouchtheverydepthofourhearts.(从我们的内心深处挖掘，可以触及我们的内心深处。)”可知，如果你想更了解自己，适合阅读WHYYOUDOTHAT和THERESTRUCTURING这两本书。故选D项。12,5．D　数字计算题。通过文章“WHYYOUDOTHAT”部分中的“$19.99(19.99美元)”可知，此书价值19.99美元；通过文章“APONTIACINTHEWOODS”部分中的“$14.00(14美元)”可知，此书价值14美元；通过“THERESTRUCTURING(WhoAreYou？)”部分中的“$12.99(12.99美元)”可知，此书价值12.99美元；通过“THEROADTODELANO”部分中的“$26.00(26美元)”可知，此书价值26美元。可推知，每本买两份，算法如下：(19.99＋14.00＋12.99＋26.00)×2＝145.96。故选D项。6．C　推理判断题。通过“THEROADTODELANO”部分中的“Acoming-of-agenovel(一个关于成长的小说)”可推知，THEROADTODELANO的目标读者是年轻人。故选C项。C(2021·江西南昌市高三一模)WelcometotheSydneyOperaHouseTicketInfoandGuidedToursVisitorscanenjoytheSydneyOperaHousefoyerforfree,butforamoreinsightfulvisit,you’llneedtobookatour.ThereareseveraldifferentwaystoexperiencetheSydneyOperaHouse,andmultipletoursareavailableincludingback-stagepassesandwalkingtours.TourType　　Adult(AUD$)　　ChildGuidedWalkingTour　　$42　　$22GuidedWalkingTour＋Dinner　　$73　　$52GuidedWalkingTour＋TastingPlate　$82.20　$64.80BackstageTour　　$175　　$175OpeningHoursandtheBestTimetoVisitTheSydneyOperaHouseisopenyear-roundwiththefollowingopeninghours：●Monday—Saturday：9am—8:33pm●Sunday：9am—5pmAsforthebesttimeofday,it’srecommendedtobooktheearliestSydneyOperaHousetourofthedaytobeatthecrowds.Toenjoysunnyweatherwithfewercrowds,tryvisitingintheshoulderseason(October,November,February,orMarch)．PointsofInterest●TheStepsBeforeenteringtheOperaHouse,takeapictureofthebuildingfromthestepsoutside.●TheSailsStepbeneaththesailsonaguidedtourandenjoyharborfrontviews.●TheConcertHallTheConcertHallisthelargestvenuewithseatsformorethan2000people.It12,featurescontemporarylivemusicshowsandhighly-regardedorchestral(管弦乐的)performances.Itisalsoherethatyouwillfindtheworld’slargestmechanicaltracker-actionpipeorgan.●OperaBarAfteryourtour,headtotheOperaBarforabitetoeatordrinkinthesun.●BaduGiliBaduGili,whichis“waterlight”inthelanguageoftheGadigalpeople—takesplacemosteveningsaftersunsetat9pm,9:33pm,and10pm.Theseven-minutedisplayisfreetoview.7．Howmuchwillaguidedwalkingtourfortwoadultscost?A．$64．　　　　B．$84．C．$128．　　　　D．$168．8．WhichofthefollowingisthebesttimetovisittheOperaHouse?A．9:33am,aMondayinFebruary.B．10:00am,aSundayinDecember.C．5:00pm,aFridayinSeptember.D．6:00pm,aSaturdayinMarch.9．WhatisBaduGili?A．Alocallanguage.　　　　B．Apipeorgan.C．Alightshow.　　　　D．Adinningarea.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了有关参观悉尼歌剧院的相关事项。7．B　数字计算题。根据题干中的关键词“guidedwalkingtour,adults”锁定到第一个小标题下的“$42”，可知，有向导的徒步旅行，成人的费用是42美元/人。由此可知2个成年人的花费是$84。故选B。8．A　细节理解题。根据第二个小标题下“Asforthebesttimeofday,it’srecommendedtobooktheearliestSydneyOperaHousetourofthedaytobeatthecrowds.(至于一天中最好的时间，建议预定当天最早的悉尼歌剧院之旅，以避开拥挤的人群。)”及“tryvisitingintheshoulderseason(October,November,February,orMarch)”可知最好的参观时间是每天最早的时间，最好参观的月份是：10月、11月、2月或3月，结合选项可知只有选项A.9:33am,aMondayinFebruary.同时符合上述最佳时间。故选A。9．C　细节理解题。根据最后一个小标题下“BaduGili,whichis’waterlight’inthelanguageoftheGadigalpeople—takesplacemosteveningsaftersunsetat9pm,9:33pm,and10pm.(BaduGili，在Gadigal人的语言中是“水之光”，通常在日落后的晚上9点、9点半和10点进行。)”可知BaduGili是在晚上进行的灯光表演。故选C。D12,(2021·宁夏石嘴山市高考二模英语试题)FaujaSingh,109,whobrokemarathonrecordsandwascalled“Superman”beforehanginguphisrunningshoessixyearsago,willbethesubjectofaBollywoodfilm,Fauja,tracinghisremarkablecareer.Mr.Singh,borninIndiain1911,wasanenthusiasticamateurrunnerinhisyouth,butgaveitup.Afteraseriesofpersonaltragediesincludingthedeathsofhiswifeandtwoofhischildren,hereturnedtohisformerpassioninhiseighties.HemovedtotheUKsoonafterandnowlivesinLyford,eastLondon.HearrivedforhisfirsttrainingsessioninRedbridgeinathree-piecesuit,andhisfirstracewastheLondonmarathonin2000．ThreeyearslaterinToronto,hebroketheworldrecordforthe90-plus.In2011,whenheturned100,Mr.Singhseteightworldrecordsinaday.Heranthe100min23.14,thenaddedthe200m,400m,800m,1,500m,themile,the3,000mand5,000mworldrecords.Threeoftheeventshadneverbeenattemptedbyanyoneovertheageof100before.Dayslater,hebecamethefirstcentenariantocompletemarathon,againinToronto,withatimeof8:25:27．Mr.Singhretiredfromcompetitiverunningin2013butcontinuedjoggingforpleasure.Whenaskedaboutthesecretoflongevityheowedittoavegetariandietandavoidingsmoking,alcoholandfriedfood.Ofmarathonrunninghesaid,“Thefirst20milesarenotdifficult.Asforthelastsixmiles,Ikeeptalkingtomyself,’Keepitup,oldboy！’”10．WhatdoweknowaboutFaujaSingh?A．HewasfirsttrainedinToronto.B．Heistheinspirationforamovie.C．Heusedtobeaprofessionalrunner.D．Heisstillactiveincompetitiverunningnow.11．What’stherightorderoftheevents?①FaujamovedtotheUK.②Faujahunguphisrunningshoes.③Faujaset8worldrecordsinaday.④Fauja’swifeandtwoofhischildrendied.A．②④①③　　　　B．④③①②C．④①③②　　　　D．②④③①12．WhatcontributestoMr.Singh’slonglife?A．Hispersonaltragedies.　　　　B．Smokingless.C．Hispassionformarathon.　　　　D．Hishealthylifestyle.13．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?12,A．FaujaSinghTurns109B．ALifelongRunnerC．TheBirthofaBollywoodSuperstarD．ACentenarianRunner【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了现年109岁的FaujaSingh曾打破马拉松纪录，在6年前他挂上跑鞋之前就被称为“超人”，他将成为宝莱坞电影《华嘉》的主角，追溯他非凡的职业生涯。文章介绍了他的个人经历和长寿原因。10．B　细节理解题。根据第一段“FaujaSingh,109,whobrokemarathonrecordsandwascalled’Superman’beforehanginguphisrunningshoessixyearsago,willbethesubjectofaBollywoodfilm,Fauja,tracinghisremarkablecareer.(现年109岁的FaujaSingh曾打破马拉松纪录，在6年前他挂上跑鞋之前就被称为“超人”，他将成为宝莱坞电影《华嘉》的主角，追溯他非凡的职业生涯。)”可知，FaujaSingh是一部电影的灵感来源。故选B。11．C　细节排序题。根据第二段中“Afteraseriesofpersonaltragediesincludingthedeathsofhiswifeandtwoofhischildren,hereturnedtohisformerpassioninhiseighties.(在经历了一系列的个人悲剧，包括他的妻子和两个孩子的死亡后，他在80多岁时重拾了他以前的激情。)”；第三段中“HemovedtotheUKsoonafterandnowlivesinLyford,eastLondon.(不久之后，他搬到了英国，现在住在伦敦东部的Lyford。)”；“In2011,whenheturned100,Mr.Singhseteightworldrecordsinaday.(2011年Singh100岁生日时，他在一天内创造了八项世界纪录。)”以及第四段中“Mr.Singhretiredfromcompetitiverunningin2013butcontinuedjoggingforpleasure.(2013年，Singh退出了长跑比赛，但仍以慢跑为乐。)”可知，事件顺序为④①③②。故选C。12．D　细节理解题。根据第四段中“Whenaskedaboutthesecretoflongevityheowedittoavegetariandietandavoidingsmoking,alcoholandfriedfood.(当被问及长寿的秘诀时，他把它归功于素食和避免吸烟、喝酒和油炸食品。)”可知，Singh先生长寿的原因是他健康的生活方式。故选D。13．D　标题归纳题。根据第一段“FaujaSingh,109,whobrokemarathonrecordsandwascalled’Superman’beforehanginguphisrunningshoessixyearsago,willbethesubjectofaBollywoodfilm,Fauja,tracinghisremarkablecareer.(现年109岁的FaujaSingh曾打破马拉松纪录，在6年前他挂上跑鞋之前就被称为“超人”，他将成为宝莱坞电影《华嘉》的主角，追溯他非凡的职业生涯。)”结合文章介绍了他的个人经历和长寿原因。可知，D选项“一个百岁跑步者”最符合文章标题。故选D。E(2020－2021·宁夏银川一中高三下学期第三次模拟)Historicalfictionallowstheyoungtoexperiencehistoryinanentertainingway,tomeetpeopleortolearnaboutothertimesandplaces.Thefollowingaresome12,bookswhicharesuretobringyourchildrendifferentexperiences.CastleDiary：TheJournalofTobiasBurgessAuthor：RichardPlattIllustrator(插头画家)：ChrisRiddellOverview(概要)：Withanoversizeformatandwonderfullydetailedillustrations,youngreadersgetafirsthandviewofdailylifeinacastlein1285asTobiasBurgess,whois11yearsold,recountshisexperiencesasanewpage(男侍)．Awards：Parents’ChoiceAwards,NotableSocialStudiesTradeBooksforYoungPeoplePublisher：CandlewickPressPublicationDate：1999JohnnyTremainAuthor：EstherForbesOverview：Setinthe1770s,thestoryofJohnnyTremain,a14-year-oldorphan,isadramaticone,focusingonhisinvolvementintheRevolutionaryWarandtheeffectithasonhislife.Award：1944JohnNewberyMedalPublisher：HoughtonMifflinHarcourtPublicationDate：1943TheEvolutionofCalpurniaTateAuthor：JacquelineKellyOverview：SetinTexasin1899,thisisthestoryofCalpurniaTatewhoismoreinterestedinscienceandnaturethaninlearningtobealadyandherlifewithherfamily,whichincludessixbrothers.Award：NewberyHonorBookPublisher：HenryHoltPublicationDate：2009AcrossFiveAprilsAuthor：IreneHuntOverview：ThisnovelcoversfiveyearsinthelifeofyoungJethroCreightonandfocusesonhowtheCivilWaraffectslifeforJethro,fromtheageof9to14,andhisfamilyontheirsouthernIllinoisfarm.Awards：Five,includingrecognitionasa1965NewberyHonorBookPublisher：FollettCorporationPublicationDate：196412,14．Whichtwopersonsshareasimilarlifeexperience?A．TobiasBurgess&JohnnyTremain.B．CalpurniaTate&JethroCreighton.C．TobiasBurgess&CalpurniaTate.D．JohnnyTremain&JethroCreighton.15．WhatcanwelearnaboutTheEvolutionofCalpurniaTate?A．It’sasciencefiction.B．Itsstoryhappensinacastle.C．Itsstoryfocusesonagirl’schildhood.D．It’sthelastbooktocomeoutamongthefour.16．Whichofthefollowingpublishesabookthatearnsthemostawards?A．HenryHolt.　B．FollettCorporation.C．CandlewickPress.　D．HoughtonMifflinHarcourt.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本适合孩子们的读物。14．D　细节理解题。根据JohnnyTremain中的“thestoryofJohnnyTremain,a14-year-oldorphan,isadramaticone,focusingonhisinvolvementintheRevolutionaryWarandtheeffectithasonhislife.(14岁的孤儿约翰尼·特雷曼(JohnnyTremain)的故事是一个戏剧性的故事，集中讲述了他参与革命战争以及战争对他生活的影响。)”，以及AcrossFiveAprils中的“ThisnovelcoversfiveyearsinthelifeofyoungJethroCreightonandfocusesonhowtheCivilWaraffectslifeforJethro,fromtheageof9to14,andhisfamilyontheirsouthernIllinoisfarm.(这部小说讲述了年轻的杰思罗·克雷顿五年的生活，重点讲述了内战如何影响杰思罗，从9岁到14岁，以及他在伊利诺伊州南部农场的家人的生活。)”，可知这两本书的主人公的生活都受到了内战的影响。故选D项。15．D　细节理解题。CastleDiary：TheJournalofTobiasBurgess中的“PublicationDate：1999”(出版日期：1999年)，JohnnyTremain中的“PublicationDate：1943”(出版日期：1943年)，TheEvolutionofCalpurniaTate中的“PublicationDate：2009”(出版日期：2009年)和AcrossFiveAprils中的“PublicationDate：1964”(出版日期：1964年)，可知TheEvolutionofCalpurniaTate的出版时间最晚。故选D项。16．B　细节理解题。由AcrossFiveAprils中的“Awards：Five,includingrecognitionasa1965NewberyHonorBook”(奖项：5项，其中包括1965年纽伯里荣誉书)和“Publisher：FollettCorporation”(出版商：福利特公司)可知，FollettCorporation出版的这本书是四本书中获奖最多的。故选B项。　词海拾贝　——读原句　品词句12,一、英汉对对碰1．See，touchandexperiencethemajorscientificadvancesofthelast300years；anddon’tforgettheawesomeIMAXcinema.令人惊叹的；很好的2．Aswellasthepermanent(andpermanentlyfascinating)dinosaurexhibition,theNaturalHistoryMuseumboastsacollectionofthebiggest,tallestandrarestanimalsintheworld.(地方、机构等)自豪地拥有(好的事物)3．CesarChavez’sfastfornonviolenceinfluencestwohighschoolstudentsintheirheroicstruggleforjustice.公平；公正4．ThereareseveraldifferentwaystoexperiencetheSydneyOperaHouse,andmultipletoursareavailableincludingback-stagepassesandwalkingtours.数量多的，多样的5．Afteraseriesofpersonaltragediesincludingthedeathsofhiswifeandtwoofhischildren,hereturnedtohisformerpassioninhiseighties.酷爱；激情6．Threeoftheeventshadneverbeenattemptedbyanyoneovertheageof100before.比赛项目7．Mr.Singhretiredfromcompetitiverunningin2013butcontinuedjoggingforpleasure.有竞争力的8．Historicalfictionallowstheyoungtoexperiencehistoryinanentertainingway,tomeetpeopleortolearnaboutothertimesandplaces.小说；虚构的事9．Setinthe1770s,thestoryofJohnnyTremain,a14-year-oldorphan,isadramaticone,focusingonhisinvolvementintheRevolutionaryWarandtheeffectithasonhislife.戏剧性的10．ThisnovelcoversfiveyearsinthelifeofyoungJethroCreightonandfocuses_onhowtheCivilWaraffectslifeforJethro,fromtheageof9to14,andhisfamilyontheirsouthernIllinoisfarm.集中；特别关注二、熟词考新义1．LondonisarealtreatformuseumloversandmuseumsareapopulardestinationamongLondon’smanyattractions.n.款待，招待，乐趣2．Ayoungwoman’srude,sometimesprimitivenarrativeaboutlivingalone,inanovelthatpacksasurprisingpunch.n.描述，叙述3．Toenjoysunnyweatherwithfewercrowds,tryvisitingintheshoulderseason(October,November,February,orMarch)．平季，淡季4．VisitorscanenjoytheSydneyOperaHousefoyerforfree,butforamoreinsightfulvisit,you’llneedtobookatour.预订5．FaujaSingh,109,whobrokemarathonrecordsandwascalled“Superman”beforehanginguphisrunningshoessixyearsago,willbethesubjectofaBollywood12,film,Fauja,tracinghisremarkablecareer.表现对象，绘画(或拍摄)题材三、解锁长难句1．Housedinhugeironandglassstructure,themuseumpossessesawonderfulandcolorfulcollectionofmorethan80vehiclesspanning200yearsofLondon’shistory,includingaredRoutemasterbusandtheworld’sfirstUndergroundsteamtrain.分析：过去分词短语Housedinhugeironandglassstructure作状语，house用作动词，意为“给(某人)提供住处，是(某物)的贮藏处，安置”；现在分词短语spanning200yearsofLondon’shistory作定语，修饰vehicles。译文：置于巨大的铁和玻璃结构之中，博物馆收藏了80多辆跨越200年伦敦历史的车辆，其中包括一辆红色的Routemaster巴士和世界上第一辆地下蒸汽火车。2．Understandingyourbasicpersonalitycharacteristicswilldrasticallyincreaseyourself-awarenessandself-control,allowingyoutoactuallycreatethepersonyouwanttobe.分析：动名词短语Understandingyourbasicpersonalitycharacteristics作主语，现在分词短语allowingyoutoactuallycreatethepersonyouwanttobe作结果状语，youwanttobe是省略关系代词的定语从句修饰person。译文：了解你的基本性格特征将大大提高你的自我意识和自我控制能力，让你真正创造出你想要成为的人。3．Whenaskedaboutthesecretoflongevityheowedittoavegetariandietandavoidingsmoking,alcoholandfriedfood.分析：Whenaskedaboutthesecretoflongevity是状语从句(Whenhe_wasaskedaboutthesecretoflongevity)的省略。译文：当被问及长寿的秘诀时，他认为这要归功于素食以及避免吸烟、饮酒和油炸食品。4．Withanoversizeformatandwonderfullydetailedillustrations,youngreadersgetafirsthandviewofdailylifeinacastlein1285asTobiasBurgess,whois11yearsold,recountshisexperiencesasanewpage(男侍)．分析：youngreadersgetafirsthandviewofdailylifeinacastlein1285是主句，其后面是as引导的时间状语从句，其中whois11yearsold是非限制性定语从句。译文：通过超大的版式和极其详细的插图，1285年，当11岁的托比亚斯·伯吉斯作为男侍讲述自己的经历时，年轻读者可以直接看到城堡里的日常生活。5．SetinTexasin1899,thisisthestoryofCalpurniaTatewhoismoreinterestedinscienceandnaturethaninlearningtobealadyandherlifewithherfamily,whichincludessixbrothers.分析：过去分词短语SetinTexasin1899作状语，定语从句whoismoreinterestedinscienceandnaturethaninlearningtobealady修饰Calpurnia12,Tate，非限制性定语从句whichincludessixbrothers修饰family。译文：故事发生在1899年的得克萨斯州，讲述的是卡尔普尼亚·泰特的故事，她对科学和自然的兴趣比学习成为淑女更大以及她与包括六个兄弟在内的家庭生活。12