重庆市2022届高三上学期入学诊断考试英语试题 Word版含解析

2022届重庆市高三上学期入学诊断考试英语试题注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatwillthewomanbuy?A.Bananas.B.Pears.C.Apples.2.Howistheweathertoday?A.Warm.B.Extremelyhot.C.Bitterlycold.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atacarpark.B.Atasupermarket.C.Atagarage.4.Whatisthewomancomplainingabout?A.loudnoise.B.Theman'shealth.C.Thedifficultexam.5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Wifeandhusband.C.Salespersonandcustomer.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。,听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.What'sthedatetoday?A.March8th.B.April1st.C.May1st.7.Whenwillthespeakershaveanexam?A.Today.B.Tomorrow.C.Thedayaftertomorrow.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdidthespeakersdolastweekend?A.Theyateout.B.Theywatchedaplay.C.TheyboughtsomeCDs.9.Whyisthewomanunwillingtogotoaconcert?A.It'stoonoisy.B.Itcoststoomuch.C.Shedislikestheliveatmosphere.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Whattocat.B.Wheretoeat.C.Howtomakesoup.11.Whydoesthewomanrefusetoeathotpot?A.Itmakeshersleepy.B.Shethinksitstrange.C.Shedoesn'teatmeat.12.Wherearethespeakers?A.Intheirhouse.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inagrocery.听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。13.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Buyanewphone.B.Payforhisphoneplan.C.Consultabouthisphonebill.14.Whichofthefollowingistheman'sbillingaddress?A.2828EastStreet,Kingston.B.2828WestStreet,Kingston.C.2828NorthStreet,Kingston.15.Howmuchdoesthemanthinkheshouldpayforhisphonebill?A.$20.B.$40.C.$60.16.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Visitthewoman.B.Changehisphoneplan.C.Checkhisaccounthistory.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthespeaker?A.Ahost.B.Acoach.C.Aguide.18.Whatarethelistenersexpectedtodoaftermeals?A.Cleanthetables.B.Washthedishes.C.Returnthedishes.19.WhichactivityisofferedonSundaymorning?A.Sailing.B.Horseriding.C.Fieldwalking.20.Whowillplaymusictomorrowevening?A.TheMountainMen.B.Thesailingcoach.C.Thewaterskiingcoach.,第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ADespiteusuallybeingassociatedwiththeChinese,theLunarNewYearisalsocelebratedinothercountries.HereareseveralplacesinAmericatocelebratetheLunarNewYear.NewYorkCityNewYorkCity,whichhasoneofthelargestpopulationsofethnic（少数民族）ChinesepeopleoutsideofAsia,isagreatplacetoexperiencetheLunarNewYear.Therearearound10differentChinatownsinNewYorkCity.Visitorswillfindparades,performancesandfoodsinmostoftheseareasbutsomeofthefestivalcharacteristicsareuniquetotheparticulardistrict.SanFranciscoSanFrancisco'slunarNewYearcelebrationsarethelongestrunningsinAmerica.Theydatebacktothe1860s,duringthe“GoldRush”period.Today,numerouseventstakeplacearoundtheBayArea,buttheheadlineisthemassiveChineseNewYearParadethatdrawsasmanyas1millionviewers.WashingtonDCWashingtonDChasahistoricChinatown.Thereisaparadeherewithfloats,firecrackers,dancersandmusic.TheSmithsonianAmericanArtMuseumcanhosthandsonartsandcraftseventsthatfeatureperformersinvitedfromChina.TheKennedyCenterstagesthemedperformances,includingfolkmusicandsymphoniesfromChina.ChicagoDespitelowtemperaturesinJanuaryandFebruary,ChicagocelebratestheLunarNewYearinabigway.Therearetwoparades,usuallyheldondifferentdaysofthesameweekend.Oneisinthecity'straditionalChinatownontheSouthSide,andtheothertakesplaceonArgyleStreet.Asiancultureisonfulldisplayduringtheseparades,andotherChicagocommunitiesalsotakepart.1.WhichcityhasthelongesthistoryofcelebratingtheLunarNewYear?A.NewYorkCity.B.SanFrancisco.C.WashingtonDC.D.Chicago.2WhatcantheSmithsonianAmericanArtMuseumdoontheLunarNewYear?A.ServeChinesefood.B.ShowChinesedancers.C.PlayChinesecourtmusic.D.InviteChineseartperformers.3.WhatcommonactivityisheldinthelistedcitiesontheLunarNewYear?A.Festivalparades.B.Englishconcerts.C.TheAmericancultureweekend.D.TheAmerican-styleartexhibitions.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】,【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国四个城市庆祝中国春节的方式。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“SanFrancisco'slunarNewYearcelebrationsarethelongestrunningsinAmerica.Theydatebacktothe1860s,duringthe“GoldRush”period.（旧金山的农历新年庆祝活动是美国最长的。它们可以追溯到19世纪60年代的“淘金热”时期。）”可知，美国旧金山庆祝春节的历史最久远，可以追溯到19世纪60年代。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“TheSmithsonianAmericanArtMuseumcanhosthandsonartsandcraftseventsthatfeatureperformersinvitedfromChina.（史密森尼美国艺术博物馆可以举办邀请中国演员参加的手工艺术活动。）”可知，史密森尼美国艺术博物馆会在中国春节期间举办手工艺品活动，并邀请来自中国的表演者参加。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据NewYorkCity中的“Visitorswillfindparades,performancesandfoodsinmostoftheseareasbutsomeofthefestivalcharacteristicsareuniquetotheparticulardistrict.（游客们可以在大多数这些地区看到游行、表演和食物，但有些节日特色是该地区独有的。）”、SanFrancisco中的“Today,numerouseventstakeplacearoundtheBayArea,buttheheadlineisthemassiveChineseNewYearParadethatdrawsasmanyas1millionviewers.（今天，在旧金山湾区有许多活动，但头条新闻是吸引了多达100万观众的大型春节游行。）”、WashingtonDC中的“hereisaparadeherewithfloats,firecrackers,dancersandmusic.（这里有花车、鞭炮、舞蹈和音乐的游行。）”和Chicago中的“Asiancultureisonfulldisplayduringtheseparades,andotherChicagocommunitiesalsotakepart.（亚洲文化在这些游行中得到充分展示，芝加哥的其他社区也参与其中。）”可知，这四个城市在庆祝中国春节时都会举行游行活动。故选A。BSusanScott,71,isgladthatshedidn'tthinkaboutheragewhenshetookupbodybuildingattheageof59.“Ireinventmyselfeverytenyears.Istartedmy60sasabodybuilderandnowI'mbeginningmy70sasawriter,”shesaid.“Peopleusuallylimitthemselvesbyage,andit'sdiscouraging.Withage,Iremainyoungatheart.”DrSusanstartedbodybuildingatanagewhenmostareconsideringretirementthoughshewasanathletefromanearlyage.AsachildinVenezuela,shetooktogymnasticsandlatergraduatedwithaphysicaleducationdegree.Thensheobtainedamaster'sdegreeineducationandlateraPh.D.inAdultPersonalDevelopment.ShetaughtatCambridgeRindgeandLatinHighSchoolinCambridge,Massachusetts,for16years,whileraisingtwodaughters.,“IstartedbodybuildingwhenImetStevePfiester,agymguywhopracticedyoga.Heinvitedmetohisgymandofferedtotrainme.IstartedinJanuaryandinJunehetookmetomyfirstcompetitioninBradenton,Florida,”sherecalled.DrSusan'sphotosshowthatshehasdevotedlonghourstotakingcareofherbody.Butshealsodevelopshermindandspirit.Onanygivenday,shegetsupat3amtoreadbooks.At4:30amshe'souttowalkthreemilesandrunanotherthree.Thisisfollowedbyyogaandaswimatthebeachwhilethesunrises.Afterwritingherjournalandworkingonherbookbetween8and10am,shehitsthegymforatleasttwohours.“Idon'tlosetrackoftime,”shesaid.DrSusan'swaronageismhasrubbedoffonhertwodaughters,bothintheirearlythirties.“Theybothtakecareoftheirbodiesandminds.Ifyougivethemagoodfoundationasaparent,youknowthattheywillalwayscomebacktotheirroots.Itriedtoremindmyselfofthatduringtheirdifficultteenyears.”4.What'sDrSusan'sopiniononage?A.Agecannotbehidden.B.Ageisastateofmind.C.Everyagehasitspainsandsorrows.D.Oldageisnotsuitableforfurtherstudy.5.WhatmadeDrSusanstartbodybuilding?A.Theneedofherjob.B.Heryouthfuldream.C.StevePfiester'sinfluence.D.Herdaughters'encouragement.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesDrSusan'smorningschedule?A.Dull.B.Tight.C.Flexible.D.Controversial.7.WhatcanbeinferredaboutDrSusanfromthelastparagraph?A.Shewillsetupafitnessfoundation.B.Shewillsoonreturntoretirement.C.Sheoftenthinksofherteenageyears.D.Shesetsanexampletoherdaughters.【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。71岁的Susan博士用自己的亲身经历证明：年龄不应该成为老年人追求美好生活的障碍。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中Susan博士说的话“Peopleusuallylimitthemselvesbyage,andit'sdiscouraging.Withage,Iremainyoungatheart.（人们通常会受年龄的限制，这很令人沮丧。随着年龄的增长，我的心仍然年轻。）”可推断，她认为年龄只是一种心境。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“IstartedbodybuildingwhenImetStevePfiester,agymguywho,practicedyoga.（当我遇到史蒂夫·菲斯特(StevePfiester)时，我开始了健身生涯。）”可知，Susan博士是在StevePfiester的影响下开始健身的。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Onanygivenday,shegetsupat3amtoreadbooks.At4:30amshe'souttowalkthreemilesandrunanotherthree.Thisisfollowedbyyogaandaswimatthebeachwhilethesunrises.Afterwritingherjournalandworkingonherbookbetween8and10am,shehitsthegymforatleasttwohours.（在任何一天，她都是凌晨3点起床读书。早上4:30，她出去走三英里，再跑三英里。然后是在太阳升起的时候在海滩上做瑜伽和游泳。在早上8点到10点之间写完日记和书之后，她会去健身房锻炼至少两个小时。）”可推断，Susan博士每天上午把时间安排得非常紧凑：读书、健身、写作等都不耽误。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“DrSusan'swaronageismhasrubbedoffonhertwodaughters,bothintheirearlythirties.（苏珊博士反对年龄歧视的斗争影响了她的两个女儿，她们都才三十出头。）”和第二句“Ifyougivethemagoodfoundationasaparent,youknowthattheywillalwayscomebacktotheirroots.Itriedtoremindmyselfofthatduringtheirdifficultteenyears.（如果你给他们一个作为父母的良好基础，你知道他们总会回到他们的根。在他们艰难的青少年时期，我试图提醒自己这一点。）”可推断，Susan博士为两个女儿树立了良好的榜样。故选D。CThemeasurablethreattotheenvironmenthasbeenworsenedbythespreadofCOVID-19thatincreasestheneedforplasticprotectiveequipment.Mostplasticismadefromfossilfuels.Millionsoftonsofgreenhousegasarereleasedfromthedevelopmentoftheseresourcesandplasticproductionandburning.Theendlifeofplasticisjustworrisome.Lessthan10%oftheplasticproducedhasbeenrecycled.Evenmoreofithasbeenburned.Butthevastmajorityofplastichasbeenburiedinland,anditisincreasinglypollutingtheenvironment.Wehearmostlyaboutoceanplasticandtheharmdonetoseacreaturesthatmistakeplasticbagsandbitsforfood.Butmicroplasticisevenmoreworrisome.Plasticdoesn'tbreakdownbiologicallybutinsteadbreaksdownintotinyparticles（averysmallpieceofsomething）,whichhavebeenfoundineverycorneroftheplanet,onlandandintheair,indrinkingwaterandfoodsources.Yetthepublichasnotgiventhisglobalenvironmentaldisastertheattentionitrequires.Instead,theyhaveviewedsingle-useplastic—whichmakesupabout40%ofplasticusedeachyear—asalitterissuethatcanbesolvedthroughbetterrecyclingandwastemanagement.Thatattitudemustchangebecausetherecentglobalbreakdownofthemarketforrecyclinghasmadeitclearthatithasneverbeen,noreverwillbe,abletokeepupwithplastictrashuse.Californiahasbeentheforerunnerofplasticwastereduction—itwasthefirststatetoban,single-useplasticbagsandmaybethefirststatetotransformthewaygoodsarepackaged.Thestatealsocameclosetopassinganactwhichwouldhaverequiredthatproductssoldinplasticpackaginginthestatehaveaprovenrecyclingrateof75%by2032.California,thoughinfluential,can'tsolvethiscrisisalone.TheUShaslongbeenproducingagreatamountofplastictrashanditshouldengageinreducingtheuseofplasticaswell.8.Whydoestheauthormentionthereleaseofgreenhousegasinparagraph1?A.ToshowtheharmofplasticB.Towarnoftheclimatechange.C.Tocallforthedevelopmentoffossilfuels.D.Tohighlighttheimportanceofplasticequipment.9.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsthepublicopiniononsingle-useplastic?A.Favorable.B.Tolerant.C.Curious.D.Opposed.10.What'sCalifornia'sroleinreducingplasticwaste?A.Apioneer.B.Afailure.C.Anobjector.D.Apredictor.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MicroplasticProductsAreHarmfulB.WasteRecyclingIsanUrgentMatterC.PlasticWastePollutionIsaWake-upCallD.GlobalEnvironmentalDisastersAreIncreasing【答案】8.A9.D10.A11.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。塑料垃圾污染警钟敲响。治理塑料垃圾污染不能仅靠垃圾回收处理，还需要从根本上引导人们少用一次性塑料制品。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Mostplasticismadefromfossilfuels.Millionsoftonsofgreenhousegasarereleasedfromthedevelopmentoftheseresourcesandplasticproductionandburning.（大多数塑料是由化石燃料制成的。这些资源的开发以及塑料的生产和燃烧释放了数百万吨温室气体。）”和第二段“Theendlifeofplasticisjustworrisome.Lessthan10%oftheplasticproducedhasbeenrecycled.Evenmoreofithasbeenburned.Butthevastmajorityofplastichasbeenburiedinland,anditisincreasinglypollutingtheenvironment.（塑料的终结令人担忧。生产的塑料只有不到10%被回收。更多的土地被烧毁。但绝大多数塑料被埋在内陆，对环境的污染越来越严重。）”可知，作者提到温室气体的排放是为了呈现塑料的危害。故选A。【9题详解】,推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Thatattitudemustchangebecausetherecentglobalbreakdownofthemarketforrecyclinghasmadeitclearthatithasneverbeen,noreverwillbe,abletokeepupwithplastictrashuse.（这种态度必须改变，因为最近全球回收市场的崩溃表明，它从来没有，也永远不会跟上塑料垃圾的使用。）”可推断，作者对大众处理一次性塑料垃圾的看法是持反对态度的。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Californiahasbeentheforerunnerofplasticwastereduction—itwasthefirststatetobansingle-useplasticbagsandmaybethefirststatetotransformthewaygoodsarepackaged.（加利福尼亚一直是减少塑料垃圾的先驱——它是第一个禁止一次性塑料袋的州，可能也是第一个改变商品包装方式的州。）”可推断，加利福尼亚在减少塑料垃圾方面扮演了先锋角色。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，塑料垃圾污染警钟敲响。治理塑料垃圾污染不能仅靠垃圾回收处理，还需要从根本上引导人们少用一次性塑料制品。所以“PlasticWastePollutionIsaWake-upCall塑料垃圾污染警钟敲响)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。DImaginethefeelingofswingingatabaseballgoing100milesperhour—withoutleavingyourlivingroom,orbeinginracecarasitroarsdownthetrack,whileyouaresittingonthecouch.Thesearejustsomeofthewaysthatsportsbusinessleaderssayvirtualreality(VR)willrevolutionizehowpeopletrainforandexperiencesports.Virtualandaugmented（增强的）realitiesaretogetherknownasmixedreality(MR).“AmericanfootballersarealreadyusingVRtobettertraintheirmindsandreadthefield,”Luddensaid.“Thiscanallowplayerstoperfecttheirskillswithoutriskinginjury.”CanadiancompanyD-BOXTechnologiesdesignsandproducesmovingseatsfoundincinemaandthemeparks.Itisnowmovingintosports,andshowsitsFormulaOne(F1)racingsimulator（模拟器）.Theseatsstimulatetheforceofgravity,speedandeveryshakingasFlchampionLewisHamiltonzipsaroundcitystreets.Asimulationseatusespre-programeddatanow.Someday,though,itcouldusereal-timeinformationsentbythecar.“Theycouldbroadcastlivecontentthroughanetworkinpop-uptheatersaroundtheworld,”Luddensaid.Sayyouwanttoexperiencethetruestressofabatterbeingupagainstmajor-leaguebaseballpitcher.“Youcanhaveaheartbeataddedtothesensationontheseatandthenyoucanfeelit,boom,boom,”Maheuexplained.“Whenheswingsandhitstheball,youcanhaveanimpact.”Oneday,fansaroundtheworldcouldphysicallyexperienceeverygamefromtheirfavoriteplayerinrealtime.Luddensaidthatcurrentandnear-futuretechnologycouldcreate“augmentedstadiums”forliveaudiences.Panasoniclaunchedits“SmartVenue”planswhichincludedthe,overlayingofgraphics,advertisements,playerstatisticsandreplaysonthefieldofplayataprofootballgame.“Ifyouareseatedinthecheapseats,youcanseethisreallyuseful.”“Fansmaysomedayjoininstadiumwidegames,usingthefieldasavirtualgamingplatform,”Luddenadded.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“readthefield”inparagraph2mean?A.Getofftheplayingfield.B.Buildupafootballcourt.C.Judgethesituationonthefield.D.Askplayerstoplayonthespot.13.WhatdoesMaheuthinkaudiencescandointhefuturebaseballgame?A.Enjoylivecontentinanytheater.B.Programthesimulationseatsinadvance.C.Controltheforceandspeedofthebaseball.D.Experiencetherealtimegamewiththeplayer.14.WhatdoesLuddenmainlydescribeinthelastparagraph?A.TheoriginofVR.B.Afuturestadium.C.Anadvertisementplatform.D.Theexpectationsofaudiences.15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.VRcanimproveplayers'skillsforsports.B.VRincreasesfans'joyinthebaseballgame.C.VRcanimprovesportsexperienceforplayersandfans.D.VRpromisesanewfutureforfootballplayersandgames.【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。虚拟现实（VR）这种技术在未来可以改善运动员和观众对体育比赛的体验。【12题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文“AmericanfootballersarealreadyusingVRtobettertraintheirminds”（美国足球运动员已经开始使用虚拟现实来更好地训练他们的思维）因此，readthefield与上文为并列关系，意为“能够判断赛场上的形势”。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句“Youcanhaveaheartbeataddedtothesensationontheseatandthenyoucanfeelit,boom,boom,”Maheuexplained.“Whenheswingsandhitstheball,youcanhaveanimpact.””（你可以在座位上感觉到心跳，然后你可以感觉到，砰，砰，”Maheu解释说。”当他挥棒击球时，你就能产生冲击力）可知，Maheu认为，使用VR可以让观众们能够实时地体验运动员比赛的情形。故选D项。【14题详解】,细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句和第二句“Oneday,fansaroundtheworldcouldphysicallyexperienceeverygamefromtheirfavoriteplayerinrealtime.Luddensaidthatcurrentandnear-futuretechnologycouldcreate“augmentedstadiums”forliveaudiences.”（总有一天，世界各地的球迷可以实时体验他们最喜欢的球员的每一场比赛。Ludden说，目前和不久的将来，技术可以为现场观众创建“增强型体育场”。）可知，该段主要描述了未来的体育馆。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Thesearejustsomeofthewaysthatsportsbusinessleaderssayvirtualreality（VR）willrevolutionizehowpeopletrainforandexperiencesports.”（这些只是体育商业领袖们所说的虚拟现实（VR）将彻底改变人们训练和体验体育的方式中的一部分）。根据最后一段“Oneday,fansaroundtheworldcouldphysicallyexperienceeverygamefromtheirfavoriteplayerinrealtime.Luddensaidthatcurrentandnear-futuretechnologycouldcreate“augmentedstadiums”forliveaudiences.”（总有一天，世界各地的球迷可以实时体验他们最喜欢的球员的每一场比赛。Ludden说，目前和不久的将来，技术可以为现场观众创建“增强型体育场”。）由此可知，短文主要在讲虚拟现实（VR）这种技术在未来可以改善运动员和观众对体育比赛的体验。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Foodisadeeplyrootedexpressionofidentity,valuesandwaysoflife.___16___Thatis,eatingisanelementofcommongroundintermsofhumanexistenceandanexperiencethatbringspeopletogether.Foodisfamilytreasureinthewayrecipesarepassedonfromonegenerationtoanother,maintainingfamilyconnectionandculturalandgeographicalancestrallinks.Foodisanexpression.Whatwecookisanexpressionofwhoweareandwherewecomefrom.___17___Thetraditionalmealsofaplacetouchonidentityandancestry.Everydestinationhasadishorcuisineassociatedwithit,whichisfixedoncultureandidentity.Youmaynotknowit,butthatiswhyexperiencingthelocaldishesofanewplaceusuallytopsone'stodolistinaforeignland.___18___Itisoneoftheinteractionsandprocessesofconnectingwiththepeople.Foodissymbolic.Homeiswheretheheartisandinsensoryresponsetofood,familiarflavorarouseshomesickness.___19___Theordinarysmelloffoodtakesonebacktoparticulartimesinthepast.Thebeautifulandmerryessenceofeatingwithfamilyandfriendsfromhomeaddstothepleasanttastesofmeals.___20___Foodandfoodhabitsserveasaculturechannelofdisplayofaffectionandemotionalassociationandthesharingofdelicious,nutritionalfoodsignalsabridgeofclosenessand,acceptance.A.Acceptingfoodishard.B.Eatingfoodisauniversalexperience.C.Foodislargelyculturalaswellasnutritional.D.Foodisthereforeareminderoffondmemoriesofhome.E.Eatingalocaldishisawaytoconnectwiththelocalpeople.F.Food,however,sometimesgivesusbademotionalexperiences.G.Thisisobviousinhowseafoodispopularwiththecoastalpeople.【答案】16.B17.G18.E19.D20.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了食物与文化的关系。【16题详解】根据下文“Thatis,eatingisanelementofcommongroundintermsofhumanexistenceandanexperiencethatbringspeopletogether.”（也就是说，吃是人类存在的共同基础，是一种让人们走到一起的体验）可知，下文是对选项的解释，auniversalexperience呼应commonground，anexperiencethatbringspeopletogether。故B选项“吃东西是一种普遍的体验”切题。故选B项。【17题详解】根据上文“Whatwecookisanexpressionofwhoweareandwherewecomefrom.”（我们烹饪食物显示了我们的身份和出处”）选项承接上文具体说明和解释，故G选项“这从海鲜受沿海人们的喜爱就可以看出”故选G项。【18题详解】根据上文“Youmaynotknowit,butthatiswhyexperiencingthelocaldishesofanewplaceusuallytopsone'stodolistinaforeignland.”（你可能不知道，但这就是为什么在异国他乡体验当地美食通常是最重要的事情。）根据下文“Itisoneoftheinteractionsandprocessesofconnectingwiththepeople.”（它是一种与人联系的互动和过程）可知，选项在说当地美食的重要意义是什么。下文的it指代的是选项中alocaldish。故E项“品尝当地菜肴是与当地人交流的一种方式”切题。故选E项。【19题详解】根据上文“Homeiswheretheheartisandinsensoryresponsetofood,familiarflavorarouseshomesickness.”（家是心所在的地方，在对食物的感官反应中，熟悉的味道会引起思乡之情）选项承接上文，说明食物和家乡的关系。familiarflavorarouseshomesickness呼应Foodisthereforeareminderoffondmemoriesofhome。故D项“因此，食物能唤起人们对家乡的美好回忆”切题。故选D项。,【20题详解】根据下文“Foodandfoodhabitsserveasaculturechannelofdisplayofaffectionandemotionalassociationandthesharingofdelicious,nutritionalfoodsignalsabridgeofclosenessandacceptance.”（食物和饮食习惯是表达情感和情感联系的文化渠道，而分享美味、营养的食物则是亲密和接受的桥梁）由此可知，该段主要呈现了食物在很大程度上既是具有文化性的，也是营养的。所以C选项“食物在很大程度上既是具有文化性的，也是营养的”为本段的标题，故选C项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenmymothertoldmestoriesaboutEmily,hergrandmother,whosheadmired,Iwasallears.Mymotherdrewa___21___betweenEmilyandJacquelineKennedy,formerUSpresident’swife.Momdescribedher___22___features:alonggracefulneckandatinywaist.“EmilywasjustlikeJacqueline,”Momsaid.“Buttheiroriginswouldn’t___23___:Emilywasgraceful,soft-spoken,butpossiblybornaslave.”Emilyattractedme.Notuntil2005didmyresearchonancestryreallystartto___24___,forthereasonthatIwasnolonger___25___.“Whendoesyournewjobstart?”askedmymother.“Irefusetotakeajobforatleastayear,”Ireplied.Mymotherhadno___26___withsuchwords.“Anyway,youshouldhaveajob.”Iremained___27___anddidn’texplainit.ButIfeltImust___28___myjobtocollectmorestoriesaboutmy___29___.I____30____mymother’slinetoaplacecalledCaneRiver.Ifoundthebillofshamefulslavesaleformygreat-great-greatgrandmother,whowas____31____in1850for$800.Ihadtowritethestories.ThistimethenovelCaneRiverwassoldina（n）____32____way.Oneday,thephonerang,“Hello,thisisOprahWinfrey,thetalkshowhostess.”Icouldn’tbelievemyears.Irespondedin____33____,“Hello,MsWinfrey.WhatcanIdoforyoutoday?”Shetoldmesheselectedmynovelforherbookclub,which____34____ledtoCaneRiveronTheNewYorkTimesbestsellerlistanda____35____readershipthanIexpected.21.A.parallelB.diagramC.pictureD.symbol22.A.moralB.physicalC.mentalD.psychological23.A.changeB.repeatC.fitD.work24.A.fallthroughB.heatupC.getacrossD.fadeaway,25.A.supportedB.believedC.employedD.limited26.A.luckB.problemC.alternativeD.patience27.A.angryB.sadC.silentD.active28.A.leaveB.acceptC.chooseD.introduce29.A.colleaguesB.ancestorsC.partnersD.kids30.A.followedB.imaginedC.recitedD.directed31.A.hiredB.finedC.profitedD.sold32.A.embarrassingB.gloriousC.improperD.identical33.A.horrorB.difficultyC.advanceD.surprise34.A.finallyB.approximatelyC.rarelyD.potentially35.A.smallerB.stricterC.broaderD.worse【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.B25.C26.D27.C28.A29.B30.A31.D32.B33.D34.A35.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。对家族史的好奇驱使作者不顾一切地前去探寻，最终完成了《凯恩河》这部小说，且成为畅销书。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我母亲把Emily和美国前总统夫人JacquelineKennedy相提并论。A.parallel相似特征；B.diagram图表；C.picture图画；D.symbol符号。根据后文母亲所说“EmilywasjustlikeJacqueline”可知，母亲在她的祖母Emily和前第一夫人的JacquelineKennedy之间找到了相似点，drawaparallel“找到相似点；相提并论”。故选A项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：妈妈描述她的身体特征：长而优雅的脖子和细细的腰。A.moral道德的；B.physical身体的；C.mental智力的；D.psychological心理的。根据后文“alonggracefulneckandatinywaist”可知，母亲描述她的身体特征。故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“但他们的出身并不一样：艾米丽举止优雅，说话轻声细语，但可能生来就是奴隶。”A.change变化；B.repeat重复；C.fit适合，一致；D.work工作。根据常识以及后文“Emilywasgraceful,soft-spoken,butpossiblybornaslave.”可知，Emily与JacquelineKennedy的出身并不一样。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：直到2005,年，我对祖先的研究才真正开始升温，原因是我失业了。A.fallthrough落空，失败；B.heatup加热，升温；C.getacross把……弄清楚；D.fadeaway逐渐变暗。根据前文“Emilyattractedme.”以及后文“ButIfeltImust___8___myjobtocollectmorestoriesaboutmy___9___.”可知，Emily吸引了作者，使作者想要收集更多的故事，因此推断，作者对祖先的研究开始升温。故选B项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到2005年，我对祖先的研究才真正开始升温，原因是我失业了。A.supported被支持；B.believed被相信；C.employed被雇用；D.limited被限制。根据后文母亲所问“Whendoesyournewjobstart?”可知，作者失业了，不再被雇佣。故选C项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我母亲对这样的话没有耐心。A.luck运气；B.problem问题；C.alternative备选方案；D.patience耐心。根据后文母亲所说“Anyway,youshouldhaveajob.”可知，母亲对作者所说“Irefusetotakeajobforatleastayear”，不赞同，没耐心去理解作者的意图。故选D项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我保持沉默，也没有解释。A.angry生气；B.sad伤心的；C.silent沉默的；D.active积极的。根据后文“anddidn’texplainit”可知，作者没有解释和争吵，而是保持沉默。故选C项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我觉得我必须离开我的工作去收集更多关于我祖先的故事。A.leave离开；B.accept接受；C.choose选择；D.introduce介绍。基于前文分析可知，祖先Emily的故事引起作者的兴趣，她失去工作而不想马上找工作，所以，此处指作者想要离开工作，去收集有关祖先的故事。故选A项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是我觉得我必须离开我的工作去收集更多关于我祖先的故事。A.colleagues同事；B.ancestors祖先；C.partners伙伴；D.kids孩子。基于前文分析可知，祖先Emily的故事引起作者的兴趣，根据前文“myresearchonancestry”可以推断，作者想要离开工作，去收集有关祖先的故事。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跟随着我母亲的路线来到了一个叫凯恩河的地方。A.followed跟随；B.imagined想象；C.recited背诵；D.directed导演。根据后文“mymother’slinetoaplacecalledCaneRiver”可知，作者追随着母亲的路线进行实地探访。故选A项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现了我曾曾曾祖母可耻的奴隶买卖法案，她在1850年以800,美元的价格被卖掉。A.hired雇用；B.fined罚款；C.profited获益；D.sold出售。根据历史常识和前文“thebillofshamefulslavesale”及后文“for$800”可知，作者的祖先作为奴隶被贩卖。故选D项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一次小说《凯恩河》卖得很好。A.embarrassing令人尴尬的；B.glorious值得称道的，极好的；C.improper不诚实的，不正当的；D.identical相同的。根据后文“Shetoldmesheselectedmynovelforherbookclub,which___14___ledtoCaneRiveronTheNewYorkTimesbestsellerlistanda___15___readershipthanIexpected.”可知，作者的小说卖的很好。故选B项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我惊讶地回答道：“你好，Winfrey女士……”A.horror恐怖；B.difficulty困难；C.advance前进；D.surprise惊讶，惊喜。根据前文“Icouldn’tbelievemyears.”可知，作者很惊讶。故选D项。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她告诉我，她把我的小说选进了她的读书俱乐部，这最终使《凯恩河》登上了《纽约时报》的畅销书排行榜，读者比我想象的要多。A.finally最后；B.approximately大概；C.rarely很少；D.potentially潜在地。根据前文“Shetoldmesheselectedmynovelforherbookclub”以及后文“ledtoCaneRiveronTheNewYorkTimesbestsellerlist”可知，这是最终的结果。故选A项。【35题详解】考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：她告诉我，她把我的小说选进了她的读书俱乐部，这最终使《凯恩河》登上了《纽约时报》的畅销书排行榜，读者比我想象的要多。A.smaller更小的；B.stricter更严格的；C.broader更广泛的；D.worse更糟的。根据前文“ledtoCaneRiveronTheNewYorkTimesbestsellerlist”可知，读者比作者想象的要更多（更广泛）。故选C项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Asiswell-knowntousall,antsmovebetweentheirhomeandsourcesoffoodfrequently,___36___whichtheirsurvivaldepends.Motschandhiscolleagueswonderedifantsonthemovecouldget___37___（stick）inthejams.Therefore,theycontrolledtrafficdensity（密度）byconstructingbridgesofa___38___（vary）ofwidthsbetweenants'homeandasourceoffood.___39___onlygoalwastotrytofindoutatwhatpointtheywouldhaveatrafficjam.Theyjustwaitedandwatched.Buttheantsnever,atonepoint,juststopped.,Theflowofantsdidincreaseasantsstartedtofillthebridge.Butitneversloweddown,evenwhenthebridgewascrowdedwithants.Theresearchersthen___40___（far）lookedathowthebehaviorofanindividualantaffectedtraffic.Theyfoundwhenants___41___（sense）overcrowding,theyadjustedtheirspeedsandavoidedenteringhigh-densityareasandrunningintoeachother,thus___42___（prevent）jams.Canantshelpussolveourowntrafficproblems?“Notlikely,”saysMotsch.That's___43___whenitcomestogettingfrompointAtopointBasfastaspossible,humandriversputtheirowngoalsfirst.Antshavenochoicebut___44___（be）morecooperativeinordertofeed____45____（they）.【答案】36.on##upon37.stuck38.variety39.The40.further41.sensed42.preventing43.because44.tobe45.themselves【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了对于蚂蚁出行是否会堵塞的研究。【36题详解】考查短语。句意：众所周知，蚂蚁在家和食物资源之间频繁移动，这取决于他们的生存需要。分析句子结构可知，本句中使用了非限制性定语从句，介词提前到关系代词前，短语dependon/upon意为“依赖；依靠”，符合句意，故填on/upon。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Motsch和他的同事们想要知道，是否蚂蚁在移动中会陷入堵塞。短语getstuck“堵塞”，用过去分词，故填stuck。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：因此，他们通过在蚂蚁的家和食物来源之间建造各种宽度的桥梁来控制交通密度。短语avarietyof“各种各样”，符合句意，故填variety。【39题详解】考查冠词。句意：他们唯一的目的就是试图找出他们在什么时候会遇到交通堵塞。分析句子结构可知，可数名词单数goal表特指，前需有定冠词，位于句首注意大写，故填The。【40题详解】考查比较级。句意：研究人员随后进一步研究了蚂蚁个体行为是如何影响交通的。结合句意可知，是在上文的研究基础之上，进一步研究，要使用比较级，表进一步，深入用“further”，故填further。【41题详解】,考查动词时态。句意：他们发现当蚂蚁感觉到过度拥挤时，他们调整了速度避免进入高密度地区和相互碰撞，因此，避免了交通阻塞。分析句子结构可知，这里缺少谓语动词，结合句意及上下文时态可知，过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，故填sensed。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，本句中已含有一个谓语动词，且没有连接词，此处需用非谓语动词，they与prevent之间为主动关系，使用现在分词作状语，故填preventing。【43题详解】考查连词。句意：这是因为当涉及到要从A点尽快到B点时，人类司机总是把自己的目标放在首位。结合句意分析句子结构可知，此处应该用because引导表语从句，并且because在从句中作原因状语，固定句式That’sbecause+从句（表原因）意为“这就是因为”，符合句意，故填because。【44题详解】考查短语。句意：蚂蚁们别无选择，只能更加合作以养活自己。短语havenochoicebuttodo“别无选择，只能…”，符合句意，故填tobe。【45题详解】考查反身代词。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，they与主语ants指代相同，要使用反身代词作宾语，故填themselves。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.你校中学生英语杂志正在开展主题为“TheImpactsofSmartPhonesonStudents”的征文活动。请你就此写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：1.介绍学生使用智能手机的情况；2.简述智能手机对学生的影响；3.提出学生使用智能手机的建议。注意：1.写作词数应80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题的相应位置作答。TheImpactsofSmartPhonesonStudents__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】TheImpactsofSmartPhonesonStudentsNowadays,moreandmorestudentsareusingsmartphones,andsomeindulgethemselveswith,games.Thereisnodoubtthatsmartphoneshavesomepositiveeffectsonstudents.Forexample,theycanhelpstudentsgaininformationontheInternet.However,manystudentseasilygetaddictedtosmartphones,whichaffectstheirhealthandstudy.Inmyview,everycoinhastwosides.Wedon'thavetocompletelyturnawayfromsmartphones.Orrather,weshouldlearnhowtousesmartphoneswiselyfromMondaytoFriday.Andduringweekends,thetimespentonsmartphonesshouldbecontrolled.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，考生所在学校中学生英语杂志正在开展主题为“TheImpactsofSmartPhonesonStudents”的征文活动，要求考生就此写一篇短文参赛。【详解】1.词汇积累沉溺于游戏：indulgeoneselfwithgames→abandononeselftogames获得：gain→acquire影响：affect→haveaneffecton依我看：inmyview→inmyopinion2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：Forexample,theycanhelpstudentsgaininformationontheInternet.拓展句：Forexample,theycanhelpstudentsgaininformationontheInternet,whichwillbenefitthem.【点睛】[高分句型1]Thereisnodoubtthatsmartphoneshavesomepositiveeffectsonstudents.（that引导的同位语从句）[高分句型2However,manystudentseasilygetaddictedtosmartphones,whichaffectstheirhealthandstudy.（which引导非限制性定语从句）第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Darkraincloudsweregatheringinthesky.IwascyclingasfastasIcouldtogethomebeforethedownpour.WhenIfeltafewbigdropsonmyhead,Idecidedtoheadforabusstop,aboutahundredmetersaway.AsIwasnearingthebusstop,Isawawomanrushingtowardsitfromtheoppositedirection,behindwhomwasalittleboy.Suddenly,amotorcyclespedpastme,almostknockingmedown.“Hey!Areyoumad?”Ishoutedatthemotorcyclist.Heturnedtolookatme,saying,“Sorry.”However,forasplitsecond,hejustspedon.Thenhewasheadingrightforthewomanandlittleboy!“Watchout!Watchout!”Ishouted.Isawtheladyturnherheadtolookatthemotorcyclist,withalookofshockonherface.Inaninstant,themotorcyclistreachedthewomanandaccidentallyhither.Thehitmadethewomanmovebackward.Thewomanandtheboyfellontheroad,landingrightinthepathofatruck.“Stop!Stop!”Iscreamedatthemotorcyclistandthetruckdriver,wavingmyarmswildlyintheair.,Thankfully,thetruckdriverhadseenwhatwashappening.Withasuddenbrake,thetruckstoppedafewmetersfromthespotwherethewomanandtheboyhadfallen.Meanwhile,themotorcycliststopped.Hekeptapologizing,explaininghewasinahurrytothehospitaltoseehissickmother.Isawthewomanclimbingtowardsthecryingchild.Pullingovertothesideoftheroad,Irantohelpthem.BythetimeIgetthere,thetruckdriverhadreachedthem.Hepickedupthechildinhisarmsandexaminedhislegs.“Ithinkyourlittleboyisallright,”saidthetruckdriver.“Howaboutyou?Doyoufeelanypain?”Theladyrepliedanxiously,“Pleasehelpme.Iampregnant（怀孕的）.”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。“Don'tpanic.You'llbeallright.I'lltakeyouandyoursontothehospital,”saidthedriver.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thedriver,themotorcyclistandIgotthemtothehospitaljustintime.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】“Don'tpanic.You'llbeallright.I'lltakeyouandyoursontothehospital,”saidthedriver.Thewomancouldnotwalk,sothedriverandIheldherandsettledherinhistruck.Meanwhile,themotorcyclistcarriedtheboytothetruck.ThedriveraskedmetogoalongwiththemsothatIcouldhelpwhenwegottothenearesthospital.Itwasacoincidencethatthemotorcyclist'smotherwasbeingtreatedinthesamehospital.Thedriver,themotorcyclistandIgotthemtothehospitaljustintime.Themotorcycliststayedinthehospitaltotakecareofthewomanandhismother.Afewdayslater,Iwastoldthatthewomanhadsufferedonlyminorinjuriesfromtheincident.Shehadrecoveredandlefthospital.Thankstothekind-hearteddriver,herunbornbabywasunharmed.Themotorcyclist'smotheralsorecoveredsoon.Thisthinghasconvincedmethatsafetyandhealtharethemostimportantatalltimes,eveninanemergency.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者看到一位骑摩托车的人在雨天不小心撞到作者以及一位孕妇和小孩，货车即使刹住车，后续了解摩托车的人是为了看生病的母亲，阐述了即使是在紧急情况下，任何时候安全和健康都是最重要的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：,①由第一段首句内容““不要恐慌。你会没事的。我送你和你儿子去医院，”司机说。”可知，第一段可描写大家帮助孕妇送到医院。②由第二段首句内容“司机、摩托车手和我及时把他们送到了医院。”可知，第二段可描写后续孕妇的情况。2.续写线索：送医院——帮助——康复——感悟3.词汇激活行为类没事：allright/fine/nothing②.回家：gobackhome/returnhome③及时：intime/timely/withoutdelay情绪类①.感谢：Thankfor/showone’sappreciation/showone’sgratitude/begrateful②.积极：positiveattitude/actpositively【点睛】[高分句型1].ThedriveraskedmetogoalongwiththemsothatIcouldhelpwhenwegottothenearesthospital.这句话运用了sothat引导的目的状语从句。[高分句型2].Itwasacoincidencethatthemotorcyclist'smotherwasbeingtreatedinthesamehospital.这句话运用了that引导的主语从句。