全国I卷区（湖南、江西、安徽等地）2021届高三上学期1月优生联赛英语试题（含听力） Word版含解析

2020-2021学年全国Ⅰ卷区优生联赛试卷英语注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?A.Atanairport.B.Atarailwaystation.C.Atatravelagency.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Ican’tbelieveittookustwohourstogethere.ThetrafficinNewYorkisunbelievable.W:Yeah,butjustrelax,honey,we’rehereandwe’regoingonvacation.Inafewhourswe’llbeinHawaii!2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Whattoeat.B.Wheretoeat.C.Wheretomeet.,【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Wearethinkingofcheckingoutarestaurantintheneighborhood.Doyouhaveanysuggestions?M:Iknowagreatlittleplace.Theymakereallytastyseafood.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Neighbors.C.Schoolmates.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Hey!Whatareyoudoinginthisneighborhood?Doyoulivearoundhere?W:Actually,myofficeisrightaroundthecorner.Bytheway,itwasgreattomeetyoulastweekatthehighschoolreunion!4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whyisthewomanmakingthisphonecall?A.Tocallforameeting.B.Tochangeanappointmenttime.C.Tocancelanappointment.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:I’mjustcallingaboutourmeetingtoday.Isitpossibletorescheduleourappointment?IhaveanemergencythatIneedtotakecareof.M:Letmesee,itshouldn’tbetoomuchofaproblem.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Exchangecurrencyattheairport.B.Checktheexchangerate.C.Changemoneyatthebank.【答案】C【解析】,【原文】W:Idon’thaveanyU.S.dollars.CanIchangemoneyhereattheairport?M:Youcould,butIwouldn’trecommendit.Theexchangerateisreallyhighandsoarethefees.I’lltakeyoutothebanktomorrow.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heisorganizingajazzband.B.Heislookingforasinger.C.Heisinterviewingamusician.7.Howmanypeopledoesthemanneedtomakeaband?A.2.B.3.C.4.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】M：I'mformingamusicband.W：Doyoualreadyknowhowtoplayaninstrument?M：Mm…ItoldyouthousandtimesthatI'mlearningtoplaythejobs.NowthatIknowhowtoplaywell,I'dliketoformarockband.W：Asidefromyourselfwhoaretheothermembersoftheband？M：Wehaveaguywhoplaysguitarandanotherwhoplaysbass.Althoughwestillhaven’tfoundanyonetobeoursinger,youtoldmethatyouhadsomemusictalent,right?W：Yes，I'masinger.M：Perfect,soyoucantryofthiswecanhearatmyhouse.W：Great.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】,8.Whydoesthewomanwanttotakesomeextratimeoff?A.Becauseshehastoattendaweddingoverseas.B.Becausesheisgoingtogetmarriedoverseas.C.Becauseshewantstogetsomemoretimetorest.9.Whatisrequiredforthewomantogetsomeextratimeoff?AGivingatleasttwoweeks'advancenotice.B.Makingplansfortheabsence.C.Takingtheleavewithoutbeingpaid.10.Howlongdoesthewomanplantotakeoff?A.5days.B.10days.C.15days.【答案】8.A9.C10.B【解析】【原文】W:Mr.McKenna,Iwasjustwondering…yousee,IknowI’veusedupallmyvacationdaysthisyear,butmysisterisgettingmarried,andtheweddingisoverseas,and,well…M:Youwanttotakesometimeoff,isthatright?W:Well,sir,IwasjusthopingthatImightbeabletotakesomeunpaidleavethisyear.M:Whatdatesareyouplanningontakingoff?I’llneedatleasttwomonths’notice,sothatIcanplanforyourabsence.W:IwasthinkingoftakingofffromSeptember5thuntilthe15th.Wouldyoubeokaywiththat?M:Well,Iguessso.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?A.Drycleanthedress.B.Attendawedding.C.Sharehissecret.12.Whencanthemangetthedressback?A.Bytheendoftheweek.B.Tomorrowmorning.C.Tomorrowafternoon.13.Whatdoweknowabouttheman’swife?A.Sheisgoingtogetmarriedtomorrow.,B.Sheaccidentallyspilledbeeronherdress.C.Shedoesn’tknowwhathappenedtoherdress.【答案】11.A12.C13.C【解析】原文】M:Thankgodyouareopen!Ihaveanemergency!W:HelloMr.HendersonwhatcanIdoforyou?M:Ineedthisdressandthissuitdrycleanedassoonaspossible!W:OK,Icanhaveitreadybytheendoftheweek.M:No,youdon’tunderstand,Ineedthistomorrowmorning!Iaccidentallyspilledbeerallovermywife’sdressandwehaveaweddingtoattendtomorrow!She’sgonnakillme!W:Ok,Icanhaveitreadytomorrowafternoon,butthissuitisalsoverydirty.Ican’tguaranteewecanremoveitcompletely.M:Fine!Canyoualsoironthisshirt?W:CertainlyM:Great!Thisisoursecret!Ifyouseemywife,saynothingtoheraboutthis!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatgivesthemanafreshstart?A.Gettinganewjob.B.Movingtoanewcity.C.Makingsomenewfriends.15.Whydoesthemanwanttochangehiseatinghabit?A.Becausehedoesn’tlikejunkfoodanymore.B.Becausehehasfounditunhealthy.C.Becausehewantstoloseweight.16.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardstheman’sdietingplan?A.Supportive.B.Ambiguous.C.Neutral.17.Howarethemangoingtodevelopaneco-friendlylifestyle?A.Bythrowinglesstrash.B.Byrecyclingmore.C.Bylivingasimple,life.【答案】14.A15.B16.A17.B【解析】【原文】M:Nowthatit’sthenewyear,I’vedecidedtoturnoveranewleaf.W:Youfinallydecidedtogiveyourselfafreshstart?M:Yougotit!ThestartdateformynewjobisonJanuary10th.ThisisaperfectopportunitytomakesomesmallchangesinthewayIlivemylife.W:Sowhatareyougoingtodo?M:Well,firstofall,I’vedecidedtogoonadiet.I’mgoingtocutoutallthatjunkfoodIeat.Theycanreallyhaveanegativeimpactonmyoverallhealth.It’stimetocompletelytransformmyeatinghabits.W:I’mwithyouonthatone.Eatingtoomuchjunkfoodcanleadtoanincreasedriskofgettingoverweight.Areyouplanningondevelopinganygoodhabit?M:Ohyes,Iplantodomorerecyclinginmyhouseholdandbemoreawareofthetrashinmyarea.Justtryingtoliveaseco-friendlyaspossible.W:It’sabouttime!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whydoesthewomanparticipateinvolunteeringwork?A.Becauseshecangivebacktohercommunity.B.Becauseshecanmakeherselfuseful.C.Becauseshecangetsomerewards.19.Whendidthewomanstarthervolunteeringwork?A.Duringherworkinglife.B.Aftercollegegraduation.C.Inthesecondyearofcollege.20.Whatwasthewoman’sfirstvolunteeringwork?A.Shehelpedwomeninruralcommunities.B.Shehelpedhomelesschildren.C.ShetaughtastudentEnglishgrammar.,【答案】18.B19.C20.C【解析】【原文】W:Somepeoplesaythatit’scitizens’dutyto“giveback”toyourcommunity.That’struebutforme,IwanttodosomevolunteerworksothatIcanfeeluseful.Aftergraduatingfromcollege,I’vebeenworkingatthesamejobforyearsandit’snotatallrewarding.Yes,Imakegoodmoney,butIneverfeellikeI’mdoinganygoodintheworld.WhenIenteredcollege,Ihaddreamsofchangingtheworld.Iwantedtoworkinanon-profitorganizationthathelpedwomeninruralcommunities,orthathadanimpactonpublicpolicy.I’vebeguntothinkagainaboutthosedreamsandthoughtImighttakethefirststepofdoingsomevolunteering.So,inthesecondyearofcollege,Icalledanorganizationthathelpedhomelesschildren.Itoldthemaboutmyeducationandexperience,andtheysaidtheycouldusesomeonelikemetodosometutoring.Ifilledoutanapplicationandwasfingerprintedforabackgroundcheck.Afewweekslater,ImetmystudentandItutoredherwithEnglishgrammarforthefirsttime.Whatagreatexperience!IwishIhaddoneearlier!第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWriteaone-pagereporttitled“TheBestBookIReadThisYear”andenteritintheBoys’Life2020“SayYestoReading!”contest.Thebookcanbefictionornonfiction.Butthereporthastobeinyourownwords—500wordstops.Enterinoneofthesethreeagecategories:l8yearsoldandyoungerl9and10yearsold,l11yearsoldandolderFirst-placewinnersineachagecategorywillreceivea$100giftcardfromAmazon.com.Second-placewinnerswillreceivea$75giftcard;third-placewinners,a$50giftcard.Everyonewhoenterswillgetafreepatchliketheoneonthispage.Thepatchisatemporarysign,soitcanbewornontherightpocketoftheScoutuniformshirt.Proudlydisplayitthereoronanotheritemsuchasavest,plaqueortrophy!Incomingyears,you’llhavetheopportunitytoearnotherpatches.ThecontestisopentoallBoys’Lifereaders.Besuretoincludeyourname,address,ageandgradeinschoolontheentry.Sendyourreport,alongwithabusiness-size,self-addressed,stampedenvelope,to:Boys’LifeReadingContestS306P.O.Box152079Irving,TX75015-2079EntriesmustbepostmarkedbyDec.31,2020andmustincludeentryinformationandaself-addressed,stampedenvelope.21.Whoarethecontestintendedfor?A.Allschoolstudents.B.Onlyteenagers.C.Boy’sLifereaders.D.Boystudents.22.Whatisawinnersupposedtodoforthecontest?A.Writingareportofover500words.B.Sendingtheirentriesby12-31-2020.C.Wearingaspecialpatch.D.Sendingsomestamps.23.Whichofthefollowingwillsponsortheprizesforwinners?A.Boy’slifeclub.B.Afamouspublisher.C.Ahighschool.D.Anonlinebookstore.【答案】21.C22.B23.D【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个名为“TheBestBookIReadThisYear”的写作竞赛。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“ThecontestisopentoallBoys’Lifereaders(,比赛面向所有《男孩生活》的读者开放)”可知，该比赛面向所有《男孩生活》读者。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“500wordstops(最多500字)”排除A选项；根据最后一段“EntriesmustbepostmarkedbyDec.31,2020(参赛作品需在2020年12月31日之前寄出)”可知，选项B与文意一致，所以为正确答案；第四段中“Everyonewhoenterswillgetafreepatchliketheoneonthispage.(每个参赛者都会得到一个免费徽章，就像这个页面上的那样的)”可知，参赛者能免费获得徽章，并不是参赛要求，排除C选项；选项D文章未提及。故选B。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“First-placewinnersineachagecategorywillreceivea$100giftcardfromAmazon.com.(每个年龄组的第一名优胜者将获得一张来着亚马逊网站的100美元的礼品卡)”可知，奖品赞助商为亚马逊网。故选D。BRayKurzweilisaninventorandfuturistwithsomeinterestingideasonhowhumanswillsoonbeabletolivemuchlongerthantheaverage78yearstheydonow.IfKurzweilisright,thisisaquestionwe’llhavetoaskourselvesinthenearfuture.Thefirstchallengeishowtostopourbodiesfromgettingoldanddying.Kurzweildoesn’tseethisasaproblem.Withgenetechnologywe’llsoonbeableto“turnoff”genesthatcauseageinganddisease.Thistechnologyisgettingcheaperandadvancingatanincrediblerate.Kurzweilbelievesthatfromeveryyearafter2023,we’llbeaddingmorethanayeartotheaveragelifeexpectancy.Healsoexpectsthatwithinthenext20years,wewillhave‘nanobots’inourblood.Thesetinyrobotswillautomaticallykeepourbodieshealthyandfreefromdiseasesbyfindingdamagedcellsanddestroyingthem.Ofcourse,ifwe’reallgoingtolivelonger,thentherearegoingtobemoreofusonthisalreadyovercrowdedEarth.Manypeoplethinktherearelikelytobeproblemswithresourcessuchasfoodandenergy.Kurzweildoesn’tagree.Hesaysthatthesametechnologiesusedtoincreaseourlifeexpectancywillalsobeusedtohelpwithfoodproductionandenergyneeds.Forexample,hesays,sunlightcanpotentiallygiveus10,000timesmoreenergythanwecurrentlyuse.Wejustneedtodevelopthetechnologytocaptureitandmakeitcheaper.Therearealsonewtechnologiesthatcanrecyclewaterextremelycheaply.Thismeansthatdirtywatercanbemadecleanagainataverylow,cost.Whenyouconsiderthat80%ofdiseaseinthedevelopingworldisbecauseofdirtywater,youcanseehowthistechnologymighthelpchangetheworld.Butwhatarewegoingtodowithallthisextratime?Won’tweallgetbored?AgainKurzweilsays‘no’.Forastart,wewon’tbestuckinoldbodies.We’llstayyoungforyears.Thiswillmeanwe’llbeabletoexperimentwithmanymorethingsthanwecannow.We’llalsoseehugedevelopmentsinvirtualrealitytechnologythatwillkeepusentertainedforyears.ThefutureaccordingtoRayKurzweillooksgood—andwemightjustbearoundtoseeit.24.WhatdoesRayKurzweilthinkofhumanbeings’future?A.Encouraging.B.Shocking.C.Discouraging.D.Uncertain.25.Howmanychallengesarementionedregardingthemuchlongerlifeexpectancy?A.2.B.4.C.3.D.5.26.Whichtechnologyislikelytohelppeoplelivelonger?A.Electronictechnology.B.Miningtechnology.C.Farmingtechnology.D.Genetechnologyandnanotechnology.27.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MedicaladvancesB.FuninthefutureC.Whowantstoliveforever?D.SolutionstotheEarth’sproblems【答案】24.A25.C26.D27.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了RayKurzweil有关人类寿命延长的观点，探讨人类寿命延长后可能面临的种种问题及对策。【24题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，根据最后一段“ThefutureaccordingtoRayKurzweillooksgood—andwemightjustbearoundtoseeit.”（RayKurzweil认为，未来看起来不错——我们可能会看到它。）可知RayKurzweil对未来持积极态度，故选A项。【25题详解】细节理解题。通读全文，文章为典型的总—分—总结构，第二、三、四自然段分别论述了一种人类寿命延长后可能会面临的挑战。如：第二段中“Thefirstchallengeishowtostopour,bodiesfromgettingoldanddying.”（第一个挑战是如何阻止我们的身体变老和死亡。）明确提出第一个挑战；第三段中“Ofcourse,ifwe’reallgoingtolivelonger,thentherearegoingtobemoreofusonthisalreadyovercrowdedEarth.”（当然，如果我们都想活得更长，那么在这个已经拥挤不堪的地球上就会有更多的人。）提出人口过多的挑战；第四段中“Butwhatarewegoingtodowithallthisextratime?”（但是我们要怎么利用这些额外的时间呢？）提出的额外时间的挑战。可知，文章关于更长的预期寿命，提到了3种挑战。故选C项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Withgenetechnologywe’llsoonbeableto‘turnoff’genesthatcauseageinganddisease.”（有了基因技术，我们很快就能“关闭”导致衰老和疾病的基因。）和“Healsoexpectsthatwithinthenext20years,wewillhave‘nanobots’inourblood.Thesetinyrobotswillautomaticallykeepourbodieshealthyandfreefromdiseasesbyfindingdamagedcellsanddestroyingthem。”（他还预计，在未来20年内，我们的血液中将出现纳米机器人。这些微小的机器人将自动保持我们的身体健康和免于疾病的发现损坏的细胞和破坏他们。）可以推知，可能会帮助人类延长寿命的科技为：基因技术与纳米技术，故选D项。【27题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“RayKurzweilisaninventorandfuturistwithsomeinterestingideasonhowhumanswillsoonbeabletolivemuchlongerthantheaverage78yearstheydonow.IfKurzweilisright,thisisaquestionwe’llhavetoaskourselvesinthenearfuture.”（RayKurzweil是一位发明家和未来学家，他对人类如何很快能够比现在的平均78岁活得更长有一些有趣的想法。如果Kurzweil是对的，那么在不久的将来，我们将不得不问问自己这个问题。）以及后文所探讨的内容可知，本文介绍了RayKurzweil有关人类寿命延长的观点，探讨人类寿命延长后可能面临的种种问题及对策。C项“谁想长寿？”以设问的形式紧贴文章主题，简明扼要，引发思考，适合做标题。故选C项。CRestaurantsschools,dentistofficesareallkeepingmorewindowsopen,toincreaseventilation—andhopefully,todecreasethechancesofencounteringthecoronavirus.Butlettinginfreshairalsoletsinmorenoise.Now,researchershavecomeupwithadevicethat’slikenoise-cancellingheadphones—butforabuilding.,“Itworksonthesameprinciple,soitdetectsnoisethat’scomingintothewindows,andtheniscancellingthenoise.”saysBhanLam,anacousticalengineeratNanyangTechnologicalUniversityinSingapore.Thedevicelookslikeagridofsmallspeakers,andfitsoveranopenwindow.Amicrophonesamplesincomingnoise,thensendsthespeakergridinstructionsonwhatsortof“anti-noise”toemit.Theresultistocancelouttheincomingsound.Forexample,here’sthesoundofacommutertraininSingapore,withnonoisecontrol.(BeforeControlSFX)Now,here’sthatsametrainsound,withthearrayofnoise-cancellingspeakersturnedon.(AfterControlSFX)Comparethattoaclosedwindow(WindowClosedSFX).Theanti-noisedeviceisalmostasgood,andallowsairtokeepflowingintoandoutofthewindow.ThedetailsareinthejournalScientificReports.Thedeviceisjustaprototype(样机)—soit’sstillexpensive.Anditdoesn’tblockoutallsounds.Itmaskssoundatfrequenciesfrom300to1000Hz—whichincludestherumbleoffreeways,trainsandplanes.ButeventhatcouldcomeinhandyinaplacelikeSingapore.“Givemeasecond,there’saplaneflyingpast.”BhansaysSingaporealreadyhasalotofgreenbuildingsthatusenaturalventilation.“Butthedownsideis,whenyouhavelotsofopeningsinthebuildings,thenoisecomesin,soyouneedsomewaytomanagetheincreasingnoise.”Agridofwindowspeakerscoulddothetrick—especiallyifpeopleprioritizepeaceandquietoveragoodview,whichfolksathometendtodoallnight.28.Howdoesthedevicecancelincomingnoises?A.Byincreasingventilation.B.Byabsorbingthenoises.C.Byhelpingclosewindows.D.Bygivingoutcertainnoises.29.WhatisthedisadvantageofControlSFX?A.It’stoocomplicated.B.It’snotprofitable.C.Itspoilstheview.D.It’snotsafe.30.WhydoesBhanadvocatethedevicedespiteitslimitations?A.Foritspotentialcommercialprofits.B.ForbettertransportationinSingapore.C.Forincreasingnumbersofnaturally-ventilatedbuildings.D.Foramoreattractivebuildingappearance.,31.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetoControlSFX?A.Skeptical.B.Objective.C.Critical.D.Conservative.【答案】28.D29.C30.C31.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员发明了一种类似抗噪耳机的装置---但是是用于建筑物。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Amicrophonesamplesincomingnoise,thensendsthespeakergridinstructionsonwhatsortof“anti-noise”toemit.(麦克风对传入的噪声进行采样，然后向扬声器网格发送指令，指示发出什么样的“抗噪声”)”可知，设备通过发出一定的噪音来消除传入的噪音。故选D。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Agridofwindowspeakerscoulddothetrick—especiallyifpeopleprioritizepeaceandquietoveragoodview,whichfolksathometendtodoallnight.(窗户上的格子音箱就可以达到这个效果——尤其是当人们把安静和安宁放在一个好的风景之上时，而在家的人往往整夜都在这样做)”可推知，该设备虽能消除噪音但同时也会影响建筑的美观。故选C。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“BhansaysSingaporealreadyhasalotofgreenbuildingsthatusenaturalventilation.“Butthedownsideis,whenyouhavelotsofopeningsinthebuildings,thenoisecomesin,soyouneedsomewaytomanagetheincreasingnoise.”(Bhan说，新加坡已经有很多采用自然通风的绿色建筑。“但缺点是，当建筑物有很多开口时，噪音就会进来，所以你需要一些方法来控制不断增加的噪音。”)可推断，尽管有局限性，但为了增加自然通风建筑的数量，Bhan还是主张使用这种装置。故选C。【31题详解】推理判断题。结合全文，首段提到人们给房间增加更多窗户，为了增加通风，增加新鲜空气的同时，也让房间多了噪音。第二段描述了研究人员发明了一种类似抗噪耳机的装置，随后文章中，作者客观介绍了该设备的用途、使用方法以及其优缺点。故选B。,DDon’tyouwishthoselongsummerdayscouldlastforever?AnislandinnorthernNorwayiscampaigningtodojustthat.Sommarøy—meaning“SummerIsland”—wantstoswapitswatchesforflowergarlandsanddeclareitselftheworld’sfirsttime-freezone.OnthisislandinWestTromsø,northoftheArcticCircle,thesundoesn’tsetfromMay18rightthroughtoJuly26,afull69days.Thelocals,havingenduredthelongpolarnightfromNovembertoJanuary,whenthesundoesn’triseatall,makethemostofthesepreciousmonths,withnoregardtoconventionaltimekeeping.“There’sconstantlydaylight,andweactaccordingly,”saysislanderKjellOveHvedinginastatement.“Inthemiddleofthenight,whichcityfolkmightcall‘2a.m.’,youcanspotchildrenplayingsoccer,peoplepaintingtheirhousesormowingtheirlawns,andteensgoingforaswim.”Nowtheywanttomakeitofficial.Islandersgatheredatatownhallmeetingtosignapetitionforatime-freezoneandonJune13,HvedingmetwithaNorwegianmemberofparliamenttohandoverthelocals'signaturesandtodiscussthepracticalandlegalchallengesoftheinitiative.“Tomanyofus,gettingthisinwritingwouldsimplymeanformalizingsomethingwehavebeenpracticingforgenerations,”hesays.Islandershopetobefreeoftraditionalopeninghoursandtointroduceflexibilityinschoolandworkinghours.Fishingandtourismarethemainindustriesonthisislandwithapopulationoflittlemorethan300people.Hvedingsayslocalfishermenandwomenoftenspenddaysontheoceanpursuingtheircatch,withlittleregardtotimetable.It’scleartheymeanbusiness.Whenvisitorscrossthebridgetotheislandfromthemainland,theyaren'tgreetedwithpadlocks(symbolizinglovelocks)likeonsimilarbridgesworldwide.Thebridgeiscoveredwithwatches,aspeopleprepareforentrytothelandtimeforgot.Willtheislanderssucceedintheirefforts?It’salreadypayingoffinapublicityboost,whichcouldwellbetheprimaryaimofthecampaign.32WhatisspecialaboutSommarøy?,A.It’ssummerallyeararound.B.Noclockscanbefoundthere.C.It’swithinArcticCircle.D.It’stoocoldtobeinhabitedbyhumanbeing.33.Whydotheislanderswanttobefreeofconventionaltimekeeping?A.Theyareafraidofnight.B.Theywanttohavemoreflexibleschedules.C.Theywanttocatchmorefish.D.Theyneedmoretime.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“petition”inparagraph6mean?A.Aformalrequest.B.Acheque.C.Acontract.D.Anofficialdocument.35.Whyisthebridgetotheislandcoveredwithwatches?A.Tosymbolizelove.B.Toprotestagainstthegovernment.C.Toremindtouristsofenteringatime-freezone.D.Tokeeptradition.【答案】32.C33.B34.A35.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了世界上第一个无时间区域：挪威北部的一个岛屿Sommarøy。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据题干定位文章第三段，“OnthisislandinWestTromsø,northoftheArcticCircle,thesundoesn'tsetfromMay18rightthroughtoJuly26,afull69days.”，（在北极圈以北的西特罗姆瑟岛上，太阳从5月18日一直持续到7月26日，整整69天。）可知，该岛位于北极圈北方，意味着该岛位于北极圈以内，选项C与文意一致。故选C。2.细节理解题。根据题干定位文章倒数第四段，“Islandershopetobefreeoftraditionalopeninghoursandtointroduceflexibilityinschoolandworkinghours.”，（岛民希望不受传统的开放时间限制，并在学校和工作时间方面实行灵活性。）可知，岛民想要有更灵活的安排。故选B。3.词义猜测题。结合本段的主要内容“Nowtheywanttomakeitofficial.”（现在他们想让它正式。）可知，为使不受传统时间控制的想法得到官方认可，将岛屿变成一个“无时区”，岛民签署了apetition，并由Hveding将这份有岛民签名的petition上交至议会。据此推断，A选项符合，aformalrequest，一份正式的请求书；B.acheque，一张支票，不合文意；C.acontract，一份合约，不符合；D.anofficialdocument，一份官方文件，而petition,是由普通岛民提交至议会的，不能被称为“官方文件”。故选A。4.推理判断题。根据题干定位文章倒数第二段，“Thebridgeiscoveredwithwatches,aspeopleprepareforentrytothelandtimeforgot.”，（桥上挂满了手表，人们准备进入被时间遗忘的地方）由此可以推断，桥上挂满钟表意在提醒游客将进入一个没有时间的地方，故选C。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。OurAmazingHandsThehandiswherethemindmeetstheworld.Weuseourhandstobuildfires,toflyairplanes,andtowrite.Thehumanbrain,withitsopen-endedcreativity,maybethethingthatmakesthehumanraceunique.Butwithouthands,alltheideaswethinkupwouldcometonothing.____36____Studyitcarefully,youwillfindsomethinginteresting.Thethumb(拇指)aloneiscontrolledbynineseparatemuscles.Thewristisagroupofbonesandmusclesconnectedwithnerves(神经).Thenervessendbranchesintoeachfingertip,whichmakesthefingersextremelyflexible.____37____Earlyhandsseemedmoreunusualandinterestingthananyhandtoday.Someanimalshadsevenfingers.Othershadeight.Butbythetimevertebrates(脊椎动物)appeared340millionyearsago,thehandhaddevelopedtoonlyfivefingers.____38____Nevertheless,therearestillmanydifferenttypesofhandsinlivinganimals.Afteryearsofresearch,scientistsarebeginningtounderstandthemolecular(分子的)changesinhands.____39____Thismakesthehandsofdifferentanimalsverysimilar.Thereisanetworkofmanygenes(基因)thatbuildsahand,andallhandsarebuiltonthatnetwork.Thediscoveryhasgivenscientistsadeeperunderstandingofthedevelopmentofhands.Abird’swingandalion’spaw(爪)mayappeartohavenothingincommon.____40____Itmayjustbealittlemoreofoneprotein(蛋白)here,alittlelessofanotherthere.Inthepast,scientistscouldrecognizeonlytheoutwardsignsthathandshaddevelopedfromacommonancestor.Todayscientistsareuncoveringtheinwardsignsaswell.A.Handscanoftenbeusedforanumberofdifferentpurposes.B.Theyalsoseethatallhandsstartoutinmuchthesameway.C.Ithaskeptthatnumberforreasonsscientistsdon’tyetknow.,D.Noonewoulddoubtthatthefivefingersaredifferentwitheachother.E.Butthedifferencebetweenthemmaycomedowntoatinychangeinform.F.Thereasonwecanuseourhandsforsomanythingsistheirspecialstructure.G.Soyoucanseeaskilledwatchmakerusehishandstosetspringsinplaceunderamicroscope.【答案】36.F37.G38.C39.B40.E【解析】本文是说明文。文章通过了分析科学家的研究介绍了我们神奇的手。手是心灵与世界相遇的地方。我们用手生火，飞飞机，写字。没有手，我们所想到的所有想法都将一事无成。【36题详解】上文“Weuseourhandstobuildfires,toflyairplanes,andtowrite.”说明我们用手生火，开飞机，和写字，空格处承上启下，下文“Thethumb(拇指)aloneiscontrolledbynineseparatemuscles.Thewristisagroupofbonesandmusclesconnectedwithnerves(神经).Thenervessendbranchesintoeachfingertip,whichmakesthefingersextremelyflexible.(单是拇指就由九个独立的肌肉控制。手腕是一组用神经相连的骨骼和肌肉。这些神经向每个指尖发送分支，这使得手指非常灵活)”说明手的结构，F项前半句的“wecanuseourhandsforsomanythings”与上文一致，theirspecialstructure与下文一致，故选F。【37题详解】上文“Thethumb(拇指)aloneiscontrolledbynineseparatemuscles.Thewristisagroupofbonesandmusclesconnectedwithnerves(神经).Thenervessendbranchesintoeachfingertip,whichmakesthefingersextremelyflexible.(单是拇指就由九个独立的肌肉控制。手腕是一组用神经相连的骨骼和肌肉。这些神经向每个指尖发送分支，这使得手指非常灵活)”说明手的灵活，与空格处是因果关系，因此你可以看到一个熟练的钟表匠用他的手在显微镜下放置弹簧。故选G。【38题详解】上文“Someanimalshadsevenfingers.Othershadeight.Butbythetimevertebrates(脊椎动物)appeared340millionyearsago,thehandhaddevelopedtoonlyfivefingers.(有些动物有七个手指。其他的有八个。但到脊椎动物3.4亿年前出现时，手只发展到五个手指)”说明手指的个数，C项中的“thatnumber”与上文一致，说明手指保持这个数的理由科学家不知道。故选C。【39题详解】上文“Afteryearsofresearch,scientistsarebeginningtounderstandthemolecular(分子的,)changesinhands.(经过多年的研究，科学家们开始了解手的分子变化)”说明了科学家的研究，B项中的also是关键词，与上文是递进关系，they指代scientists，说明“科学家也看到所有的手都以完全一样的方式开始”，符合题意，引出下文“这使得不同动物的手非常相似”，“muchthesame”与“similar”意思一致。故选B。【40题详解】上文“Abird’swingandalion’spaw(爪)mayappeartohavenothingincommon.”说明鸟的翅膀和狮子的爪子似乎没有共同之处，E项中“But”说明与下文的转折关系，havenothingincommon与thedifference是转折关系，E项“但它们之间的差异可能归结为形式上的微小变化”符合题意。故选E。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。BobwassettovisithiswifeNancyinhernursinghomefortheirweddinganniversaryonMarch14,butwhenthehomebannedvisitorsduetocoronavirus,Bobhadtoget___41___.Bob,90,andNancy,88,havebeen___42___for67years.ThetwometwhenNancyworkedatasmalldairyshopandBobwould___43___whilehewaitedforthebustogotoworkathisjobafterWorldWarII.The___44___hasfourchildren,ninegrandchildrenandtwogreat-grandchildrenwithoneonthe___45___.Afterbeingdiagnosedwithdementia(痴呆症),Nancymovedintoa(an)___46___homeinDecember.Bobhasacaretakerorfamilyfriend___47___himtovisitheralmosteveryday.“Ijustmissher___48___she’sinthenursinghome,”Bobsaid.OnMarch9,thenursinghome___49___thatitwouldstopacceptingvisitorsduetocoronavirus___50___.Bob’syoungestdaughter,Laura,51,___51___herdadtotellhimthenews.BobandNancy’s___52___wasthatSaturday.“Heaskedme,‘HowamIgoingtogetinthere?’”Laurasaid.“Itoldhimhecouldn’tgetin,___53___maybetheycouldwheelheruptothe___54___andwecouldstandwithballoonsoutsidesoshecanseeus.”Bob,whousedtoworkingraphicartsashisprofession,decidedto___55___hiswifeasignshecouldreadthroughthewindow.Hewentandbought___56___andspentdayscraftingthesign,onhiskitchentable.Hecutaheartoutofredfelt(毡)andlinedtheedgeswithglitter.Inthemiddlehewrote,“I'velovedyou67yearsandIstill___57___.HappyAnniversary.”“Hewasso___58___ofthesign,”Laurasaid.“Hekeptasking,‘Doyouthinkshe’llbeabletoreadit?’Hewasthrilled.”Lauradroveherfathertothenursinghomeontheiranniversary,wherethestaffwas___59___hisarrival.Whenhewasallsetupwithhissign,theybroughtNancytoherwindowtoseehim.“IjustwantedhertoknowforsurethatIhadn'tforgotten,”Bobsaid.“Thisyearshemayhaveforgottenouranniversary,butI’dhopeditwould____60____her.”WhenNancysawBobshegotabigsmileonherfaceandbeganwavingandblowingkisses.41.A.creativeB.braveC.energeticD.bored42.A.engagedB.marriedC.troubledD.separated43.A.visitB.disturbC.workD.avoid44.A.familyB.husbandC.coupleD.plan45.A.groundB.airC.wayD.mind46.A.waitingB.readingC.operatingD.nursing47.A.takeB.replaceC.challengeD.carry48.A.incaseB.nowthatC.evenifD.asif49.A.discussedB.arguedC.announcedD.threatened50.A.concernsB.rumorsC.newsD.death51.A.requestedB.calledC.beggedD.fooled52.A.weddingB.appointmentC.anniversaryD.divorce53.A.butB.andC.orD.otherwise54.A.kitchenB.windowC.towerD.mountain55.A.buyB.orderC.makeD.leave56.A.suppliesB.flowersC.balloonsD.chocolate,57.A.rememberB.doC.needD.wonder58.A.ashamedB.afraidC.tiredD.proud59.A.stoppingB.expectingC.imaginingD.describing60.A.remindB.recoverC.remainD.resist【答案】41.A42.B43.A44.C45.C46.D47.A48.B49.C50.A51.B52.C53.A54.B55.C56.A57.B58.D59.B60.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一对结婚67年的夫妇，妻子因为痴呆症住进了疗养院。由于冠状病毒的原因，疗养院禁止探望。丈夫为了在结婚纪念日见到妻子，在纪念日当天。手工制作结婚纪念日快乐的牌子，同女儿来到了妻子房间的窗外，见到了怀念的妻子的故事。【详解】1.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：3月14日，鲍勃准备去疗养院探望他的妻子南希，庆祝他们的结婚纪念日，但当疗养院因冠状病毒而禁止访客时，鲍勃不得不变得有创意。A.creative创造性的；B.brave勇敢的；Cenergetic精力充沛的；D.bored无聊的。根据后文中“wecouldstandwithballoonsoutsidesoshecanseeus.”可知，我们带着气球站在外面这样她就能看见我们，所以这次探望是极具有创造性。故选A。2.考查动词词义辨析。句意：鲍勃90岁，南希88岁，结婚67年了。A.engaged订婚；B.married结婚；C.troubled使忧虑；D.separated分开。根据上文“BobwassettovisithiswifeNancy”可知，此处指鲍勃和南希结婚67年了。故选B。3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：二战后，他们相遇了。当时南希在一家小乳品店工作，鲍勃在等公交车去上班的时候会在她的店里逗留。A.visit拜访；B.disturb打扰；C.work工作；D.avoid避免。根据下文中“whilehewaitedforthebustogotoworkathisjob”可知，此处指鲍勃在等待公交上上班的时候，鲍勃会在南希的店里逗留。选项A符合题意。故选A。4.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇有四个孩子，九个孙子，两个重孙，还有一个即将出生。A.family家庭；B.husband丈夫；C.couple夫妇；D.plan计划。根据上文“Bob,90,andNancy,88,havebeen　　　2　　　for67years.”可知，此处指鲍勃和南希这对夫妇。故选C。5考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.ground地面；B.air空气；C.way路上；,D.mind思想。短语ontheway“即将到来”，根据句意及预警，可知此处表示还有一位曾孙即将出生。故选C。6.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在被诊断出患有痴呆症之后，南希在12月搬进了一家疗养院。A.waiting等待；B.reading阅读；C.operating手术；D.nursing护理，看护。根据上文中“hiswifeNancyinhernursinghome”可知，此处指南希住进了疗养院。nursinghome意为“疗养院”，选项D与文意相符。故选D。7.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bob几乎每天都有个看护人，或者家里的朋友带他去看她。A.take带领；B.replace代替；C.challenge挑战；D.carry搬动。根据下文“himtovisitheralmosteveryday.”，可知此处指鲍勃被带着去看南希。短语takesbto，带某人前往......，故选A。8.考查连词词义辨析。句意：鲍勃说：“我只是想念她，因为她现在在疗养院。”A.incase以防；B.nowthat因为；C.evenif即使；D.asif好像。结合上文“Nancymovedintoa(an)　　　6　　　homeinDecember.”可知，此处表示因为南希在疗养院。故选B。9考查动词词义辨析。句意：3月9日，养老院宣布，出于对冠状病毒的担忧，将停止接待访客。A.discussed讨论；B.argued争论；C.announced宣布；D.threatened威胁。结合上文“thehomebannedvisitors”及下文“itwouldstopacceptingvisitors”可知，此处指疗养院宣布停止接待访客。故选C。10.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.concerns担心；B.rumors谣言；C.news新闻；D.death死亡。结合上文“duetocoronavirus”可知，此处指疗养院出于对冠状病毒的担心。故选A。11.考查动词词义辨析。句意：鲍勃最小的女儿劳拉，51岁，打电话给她爸爸告诉他这个消息。A.requested要求；B.called打电话；C.begged祈求；D.fooled欺骗；愚弄。根据下文“herdadtotellhimthenews”结合选项可知，劳拉是通过打电话告诉她父亲。故选B。12.考查名词词义辨析。句意：鲍勃和南希的周年纪念日是在那个星期六。A.wedding婚礼；B.appointment约会，预约；C.anniversary周年纪念日；D.divorce离婚。根据下文中“HappyAnniversary.”可知，此处指他们的结婚纪念日就是在那周的周六。故选C。13.考查连词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他他进不去，但也许他们可以把她推到窗口，我们可以拿着气球站在外面，这样她就能看到我们了。”A.but但是；B.and并且；C.or或者；D.otherwise否则。根据上文“Itoldhimhecouldn’tgetin”及下文“maybetheycouldwheelherupthe　　14　　andwecouldstandwithballoonsoutsidesoshecanseeus.”上文提到他不能进入，下文提到我们站在外面这样她就能看见我们，可知，上下文之间构成了转折关系。故选A。,14.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.kitchen厨房；B.window窗户；C.tower塔；D.mountain山。根据下文“shecouldreadthroughthewindow.”可知，此处指用轮椅推她到窗边。故选B。15.考查动词词义辨析。句意：鲍勃曾经以绘画为职业，他决定给他妻子做一个牌子，让她可以透过窗户看东西。A.buy买；B.order命令；C.make制作；D.leave离开。根据下文“spentdayscraftingthesignonhiskitchentable.”，可知，此处指鲍勃决定给他妻子制作一个牌子。故选C。16.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他去买了必需品，花了好几天时间在厨房桌子上做牌子。A.supplies必需品；B.flowers花；C.balloons气球；D.chocolate巧克力。根据下文“Hecutaheartoutofredfelt(毡)andlinedtheedgeswithglitter”可知Bob需要买多种工具来制作这个牌子，故选A。17.考查动词词义辨析。句意：中间他写道“我爱你67年了，现在依然如此，结婚纪念日快乐”A.remember记得；B.do做；C.need需要；D.wonder想知道。根据上文“I'velovedyou67yearsandIstill”可知，我爱了你67年，现在仍然爱你。此处用do来表示爱。故选B。18.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他为这个牌子感到骄傲。A.ashamed惭愧的；B.afraid害怕的；C.tired累的；D.proud骄傲的；自豪的。根据下文“Doyouthinkshe’llbeabletoreadit?’Hewasthrilled.”，可知，他是激动的。所以此处用proud和下文的thrilled构成呼应，故选D。19.考查动词词义辨析。句意：劳拉在他们的结婚纪念日开车送她父亲去疗养院，那里的工作人员正等着他的到来。A.stopping停止；B.expecting期待；C.imagining想象；D.describing描述。根据下文“Whenhewasallsetupwithhissign,theybroughtNancytoherwindowtoseehim.”可知，工作人员期待着他们的到来。故选B。20.考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年她可能忘了我们的结婚纪念日，但我希望这能提醒她。A.remind提醒；B.recover恢复；C.remain保持；D.resist抵抗。根据上文“shemayhaveforgottenouranniversary,”可知，此处指我希望这个能提醒她记起来。故选A。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinanowranksfirstinfourmajorareasofscientificresearchintermsofacademicactivityandinfluence—one____61____thanlastyear,accordingtothereport“ResearchFronts2020”.ThereportispublishedbytheChineseAcademyofSciences’InstitutesofScienceandDevelopmentandUS-basedClarivateAnalytics.,The2020report____62____(identify)148frontierresearchtopics,including110prominentand38emergingsubjects,___63___aredividedinto11broadresearchcategories,____64____clinicalmedicinetosocialsciences.Thelistiscompiledbyanalyzingdataofhighly____65____(influence)andoften-citedpaperspublishedfrom2014to2019.Thisyear,Chinaleadstheworldinfourmajorresearchcategories:agricultural,plantandanimalsciences;chemistryandmaterialsscience;mathematicsandinformationscience.Chinaalsorankssecondinecologyandenvironmentalsciences;physics;socialsciencesincluding___66___(economic)andpsychology.____67____,Chinaisnotablybehindotherscientificpowerhousesinclinicalmedicineandastronomyandastrophysics,____68____(rank)at12thand8th,respectively.Intermsofoverallnationalperformanceintheseresearchfronts,theUS____69____(top)theworldforthefourthstraightyear,followedbyChina,theUnitedKingdom,GermanyandFrance.Ofthetopfivecountries,Chinaistheonlyonethatismaking_____70_____(notice)progressincatchingupwiththeleader,thereportshows.【答案】61.more62.identifies63.which64.from65.influential66.economics67.However/Nevertheless68.ranking69.tops70.noticeable【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了由中国科学院科学与发展研究所和美国科睿唯安联合发布的《研究前沿2020》报告。【61题详解】考查比较级。句意：《研究前沿2020》报告称，就学术活动和影响力而言，中国目前在四大科学研究领域排名第一，比去年多了一个。根据空后than可知，这里出现二者之间的对比关系，意在表达“与去年相比新增了一个领域”，应使用比较级。故填more。,【62题详解】考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：2020年的报告确定了148个前沿研究课题，包括110个突出学科和38个新兴学科，它们被分为从临床医学到社会科学的11大研究类别。此处充当谓语，根据整篇文章时态可知，应使用一般现在时，主语The2020report是单数概念。故填identifies。【63题详解】考查定语从句。句意同上。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是148frontierresearchtopics，指物，在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词which引导。故填which。【64题详解】考查介词。句意同上。根据句意可知，此处是固定短语：from...to...“从……到……”。故填from。【65题详解】考查形容词。句意：该榜单是通过分析2014年至2019年发表的极具影响力和经常被引用的论文数据而编制的。此处与形容词often-cited并列，修饰papers，作定语，应使用形容词。故填influential。【66题详解】考查名词。句意：中国生态环境科学排名第二；物理；社会科学，包括经济学和心理学。此处与名词psychology并列，做including的宾语，应使用名词economics“经济学”。故填economics。【67题详解】考查副词。句意：然而，中国在临床医学、天文学和天体物理学方面明显落后于其他科学强国，分别排在第12位和第8位。根据句意可知，此处与上文内容形成转折关系，意为“然而”，应使用副词however或nevertheless。故填However或Nevertheless。【68题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。rank与主语是逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词，做状语。故填ranking。【69题详解】考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：就国家在这些研究领域的整体表现而言，美国连续第四年位居世界第一，其次是中国、英国、德国和法国。此处作谓语成分，句子描述的客观事实，应使用一般现在时，主语theUS是单数概念。故填tops。,【70题详解】考查形容词。句意：报告显示，在排名前五的国家中，中国是唯一一个在追赶领先国家方面取得显著进步的国家。此处修饰名词progress，作定语，应使用形容词。故填noticeable。第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。LastSunday,Ivisitedmygrandparentsinthecountry.Theyliveonabigfarm,wheretherearelotsofanimals,fruittreesandfreshlyvegetables.WhenIwasstayingatthere,theapplesintheirorchardwasinseason,andwewentpicking.Someoftheneighbouralsocame.Theyhelpeduspickedtheapples,whichwassomuchfun.Thenintheendoftheday,mygrandmacookedabigmeal,wesataround,eatingandtalking.Towardsevening,Ibecameabitboringbecausetheydidn’thaveaTVset.AndIreallymissmyfriendsofthecity.Ithinkthecountryiscertaingoodforavisit,butitistooquietforme!【答案】freshly→fresh删除staying之后的atwas→wereneighbour→neighbourspicked→pickin→atwe前加andboring→boredmiss→missedcertain→certainly【解析】,【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了上周日，作者在奶奶家的一天。【详解】1.考查形容词。句意：他们住在一个大农场里，那里有很多动物，果树和新鲜蔬菜。修饰名词要用形容词。本句中vegetables为名词,因此应将其前的副词freshly改为形容词fresh。故freshly改为fresh。2.考查介词。句意：我住在那里的时候，他们果园里的苹果正当季，我们就去摘了苹果。本句中there为地点副词，前面无需介词。故删除staying之后的at。3.考查主谓一致。句意同上。该句主语为theapples,复数含义，因此谓语动词应为were。故was为were。4.考查名词复数。句意：我的一些邻居也来了。someof+可数名词的复数形式，故neighbour改为neighbours。5.考查非谓语动词。句意：他们帮我们摘苹果，很有意思。helpsbdosth.为固定搭配，故picked改为pick。6.考查介词。句意：然后在一天结束的时候，我奶奶做了一顿大餐，我们坐在一起，一边吃一边聊天。attheendoftheday,意为“在一天结束时”，所以in改为at。故in改为at。7.考查连词。句意同上。我的奶奶做了一顿大餐，我们坐在一起。两句为并列句，所以需要加入连词and。故we之前加上and。8.考查形容词。句意：快到晚上的时候，我变得有点无聊，因为他们没有电视。分析句子可知，此处形容词作表语描述主语的状态，意为“感到无趣的”，boring意为“无聊的”，用来表述事物的性质；bored意为“感到无聊的”，描述主语的状态。所以boring改为bored。故boring改为bored。9.考查时态。句意：我真的很怀念城市里的朋友。此句由and连接，表明与前句并列，因此时态应保持一致，采用一般过去时，故miss改为missed。10.考查副词。句意：我觉得乡村很适合旅游，但对我来说太安静了！修饰形容词要用副词，本句中good前的形容词certain要改为副词certainly。故certain改为certainly。第二节书面表达(满分25分)72.一个国际青少年社区BreaktheDivide网站在国际贫困日征集减少贫困的文章，请你根据下面图表写一篇中国扶贫成就的报告。内容包括:1.取得的成绩；2.成功脱贫的原因。,注意:1.词数100左右；2.短文题目和首句已为你写好。AMiracleinChinaChina,asaresponsiblemajorcountry,hasbeensteadilymarchingtowardsitsgoalofendingextremepoverty.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】AMiracleinChinaChina,asaresponsiblemajorcountry,hasbeensteadilymarchingtowardsitsgoalofendingextremepoverty.Asisshowninthechart,theChinesepopulationinpovertyhasbeendecreasingsince2012.Upto2018,ithasdroppedsignificantlyto16.60millionfrom98.99million.Thisdownwardtrendwillremain.Chinaisexpectedtoliftover10millionpeopleoutofpovertybytheendof2019.Hopefully,Chinawillshakeoffpovertyby2020.Thebattleagainstpovertyistoughandthevictorycouldn’tberealizedwithouttheconcertedeffortsofthewholenation.TheCommunistPartyofChinaandthecentralgovernmenthave,introducedaseriesofpoliciestodirectthepovertyreliefproject.Asidefromthis,alargenumberofpeoplefromallwalksoflifehavebeenvoluntarilyengagedinthisprojecttocontributetheirshare,suchastheteachersthataredevotedtotheeducationinruralregionsandthecollegestudentsthatactivelyparticipateinthedevelopmentofthepoorareaswiththeirknowledge.Allinall,itisallChinesenationalsthatcreatethemiracleinChina.Thisisthepowerofsolidarity!【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生根据图表逻辑清晰地陈述中国脱贫事业所取得的成绩及分析成功脱贫背后的原因。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和现在完成时,少量一般将来时。要求：1.根据图表陈述中国脱贫事业所取得的成绩；2.分析中国脱贫成功背后的原因。第二步:列提纲（重点词组）asisshowninthechart;beexpectedto;shakeoff;asidefrom;fromallwalksoflife;beengagedin;bedevotedto;participatein;allinall.第三步：连词成句1.Asisshowninthechart,theChinesepopulationinpovertyhasbeendecreasingsince2012.2.Chinaisexpectedtoliftover10millionpeopleoutofpovertybytheendof2019.3.Thebattleagainstpovertyistoughandthevictorycouldn’tberealizedwithouttheconcertedeffortsofthewholenation.4.Asidefromthis,alargenumberofpeoplefromallwalksoflifehavebeenvoluntarilyengagedinthisprojecttocontributetheirshare,suchastheteachersthataredevotedtotheeducationinruralregionsandthecollegestudentsthatactivelyparticipateinthedevelopmentofthepoorareaswiththeirknowledge.5.Allinall,itisallChinesenationalsthatcreatethemiracleinChina.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。,第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：Firstofall;Firstly/First;Secondly/Second…Andthen;Finally;Intheend;Atlast.（供参考）2.表转折对比关系：However;Onthecontrary;but;Although+clause(从句);Inspiteof+n/doing;Ontheonehand…,Ontheotherhand…;Some…,whileothers…;asfor;so…that….（供参考）连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，【点睛】[高分句型1]Asidefromthis,alargenumberofpeoplefromallwalksoflifehavebeenvoluntarilyengagedinthisprojecttocontributetheirshare,suchastheteachersthataredevotedtotheeducationinruralregionsandthecollegestudentsthatactivelyparticipateinthedevelopmentofthepoorareaswiththeirknowledge.(that引导的两个定语从句)[高分句型2]Allinall,itisallChinesenationalsthatcreatethemiracleinChina.(强调句式)