2022版高考英语一轮基础达标选题Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNote含解析新人教版必修3

Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNote李仕才一、阅读理解。Whenfirefightersgottothesix-storybrickbuildingonEast191stStreetinBronxearlySaturday,theysawflamesshootingfromatop-floorwindow.Strange,sharppopping(爆音)soundsfilledtheair,afirelieutenantsaidlater.Asasixth-floorapartmentturnedintoaninferno(火海),awomanwholivedthererandownstairswithasmallchild.Neighbourssaidshetoldthemherhusbandwasstillupstairstryingtogettheirtwootherchildren.   ValeDorsey,66,wholivesonthefifthfloor,saidhewasawakenedbyhiswife.Anexplosionabovehadshoweredshatteredglassfromasixth-floorwindow.Astheyrusheddownstairs,theywerejoinedbyotherpeople,whowereaskingoneanotherinSpanishandEnglishwhatwashappening.   Asthepeoplefled,firefightershurriedupthestairs.Whentheyreachedthesixthfloor,thefirelieutenant,WilliamKearns,FirefighterChristopherO'Brienandothersmetawallofflamescomingfromthekitchenjustinsidethedooroftheburningapartment.FirefighterRodneyLittlejohnusedafireextinguishertotrytokeepthefirefromspreading,andtheheatfromthekitchenpartlymeltedhisplasticseyeshield.   WhileFirefighterLittlejohnsprayed,FirefighterO'Brienbentundertheflames.Thereabout10feetintotheapartment,hefoundthefatherofthethreechildrenlyinginahallway.Firefighterspulledhimfromtheburningapartment.LieutenantKearnsandafirefighterfromRescue3startedgoingthroughtheapartmentroombyroom,feelingtheirwaythroughthesmoke.Inabedroom,thefirefighterfromRescue3founda3-year-oldinabedshapedlikearacecar.Momentslater,LieutenantKearnsfounda1-year-oldinacrib.   Thetwochildrenandtheirfatherwerebroughttohospital,fireofficialssaid,wherethemanwaslistedincriticalconditionandthechildrenwereincriticalbutstablecondition.OnSaturdaytheapartmentwherethefirestartedwasbadly9\nburned.Insidehisapartmentonthefifthfloor,Mr.Dorseysaid,“Iwashappythateverybodywassafe.Wegotlucky.”1.WhatdoweknowaboutValeDorsey?A.Hewasthefirsttoreportthefireaccidenttothefiredepartment.B.Helivesonthefloorbelowtheapartmentthatcaughtfire.C.Hisapartmentwasalsobadlyburnedbutheescapedfromthefire.D.Hewokeuphiswifeandtoldheraboutthestrange,sharppoppingsounds.2.Fromwhatpartoftheapartmentdidtheflamescomethatthefirefightersmet?A.Thehallway.B.Thestoreroom.C.Oneofthebedrooms.D.Thekitchen.3.Whowaslastfoundintheburningapartmentaccordingtothepassage?A.The1-year-oldchild.B.The3-year-oldchild.C.Themotherofthethreechildren.D.Thefatherofthethreechildren.4.Welearnfromthepassagethat________.A.thechildrenwereincriticalbutstableconditionafterthefireaccidentB.thereabout10feetintotheapartmentKearnsfoundthemotherofthethreechildrenC.ChristopherO'BrienusedafireextinguishertotrytokeepthefirefromspreadingD.itwasRodneyLittlejohnthatfoundthe4-year-oldinabedshapedlikearacecar参考答案：1.B;2.D;3.A;4.A解析：1.[细节理解题。根据第二段:ValeDorsey,66,wholivesonthefifthfloor,saidhewasawakenedbyhiswife可得答案。]2.[事实判断题。根据第三段...metawallofflamescomingfromthekitchenjustinsidethedooroftheburningapartment可得答案。]3.[事实判断题。根据第四段:Momentslater,LieutenantKearnsfounda1yearoldinacrib.可知答案。]4.[细节理解题。根据第五段:andthechildrenwereincriticalbutstablecondition可知答案。]9\n二、单句语法填空1．(2022·北京高考)Janemovedaimlesslydownthetreelinedstreet,notknowing________shewasheading.答案：where　根据语境可知，此处应填关系副词where，作宾语从句的连接词，表示“不知道前往何处”。2．(2022·天津高考)I________(drive)downtoLondonwhenIsuddenlyfoundthatIwasonthewrongroad.答案：wasdriving　bedoing...when...是固定句式，表示“正在做……这时……”，从句用的是一般过去时，主句也应用过去时，且表示动作正在进行，故用过去进行时。3．TodayIwillintroduceCharlesDickenstoyou,thegreatnineteenthcenturyEnglish________(novel)．答案：novelist　novelist名词“小说家”。4．Therulesoftheschooldonotpermit________(park)neartheschoolgate.答案：parking　permitdoingsth.“允许做某事”。5．Wetried________(seek)ananswertothequestion,butcouldn'tfindone.答案：toseek　trytoseeksth.“努力去寻找某物”。6．Thebestwaytoexperiencehutonglifeissimply________(wander)aroundthealleys,eitheronfootorbybicycle.答案：towander　不定式短语，在本句中作表语，说明主语的具体内容。7．Itisveryimportanttoteachtheirchildrenhowtodealwithothers'kindnessand________(rude)．答案：rudeness　由“kindnessand”可知应用所给词的名词形式rudeness。8．Shelayonthegrass,staringatthesky________(spot)withstars.答案：spotted　bespottedwith“布满着……”，此处应用过去分词短语作后置定语。9．Thereasonwhyheaskedfortwodays'leaveis________hehadtotakecareofhissickson.答案：that10．Theresultsarequitecontrary________myexpectations,andit'sreallyfrustrating.答案：to　becontraryto“与……正好相反”。三、完形填空。9\nI'msittingattheairportwatchingpeopleinthelastminutesbeforetheirlovedonesarriveordepart.Awomanisrunningincirclestryingtogatherfamilymemberstogetherfora__1__.Whenthefinalmomentcomesbefore__2__，shewrapsherarmsaroundherson，givinghima__3__hugthatshouldprotecthimuntilhe__4__.Isitwithabookinmyhands，waitingmyturntoleave__5__becausetheonesIlovehaveadifferent__6__frommine.Ithinkofotherdeparturesandarrivals.I__7__seeingmydaughter.Iwrappedmyselfaroundherasifshe'dbeen__8__.Thatyearshewasinherfirstyearatuniversity，cominghomeforthefirsttime.Todaymyflightistwohourslate.Whenmyflightis__9__called，Igathermybookandluggage.__10__thereisnoonetoseemeoff，Idonot__11__toseewhereIhavecomefrom.__12__，Ithinkofmyhusbandatwork__13__ifIhaveleftyet.AsIheadtowardstheplane，Ifindmyself__14__yetanotherarrivalanddeparture.Thatyear，my91yearoldgrandfatherdied.Afterreturningfromhisfuneral，Iarrivedattheairport__15__.Myhusbandofonlyayearwaswaitingatthegatetotakemeinhisarms.Becauseofmytears，__16__waslookingatus，butIdidn't__17__.Lifeneedstheimportant__18__allthetime.Iwishthatallthepeoplewhowentona__19__couldcomebacktofindsomeone__20__them.Ialsowishtheycouldleavewithsomeonetoseethemoff.1．A.lectureB．goodbyeC．dinnerD．party2．A.gatheringB．boardingC．announcingD．landing3．A.powerfulB．gentleC．warmD．common4．A.leavesB．survivesC．returnsD．recovers5．A.frightenedB．anxiousC．relaxedD．alone6．A.scheduleB．attitudeC．positionD．target9\n7．A.imagineB．enjoyC．recallD．consider8．A.stolenB．cheatedC．lostD．punished9．A.punctuallyB．finallyC．abruptlyD．repeatedly10．A.AlthoughB．WhileC．TillD．Since11．A.slowdownB．getoffC．lookbackD．runaway12．A.HoweverB．BesidesC．InsteadD．Therefore13．A.doubtingB．askingC．predictingD．wondering14．A.rememberingB．forgettingC．planningD．rejecting15．A.shoutingB．cryingC．laughingD．whispering16．A.someoneB．everyoneC．noneD．anyone17．A.careB．respondC．scoldD．flee18．A.arrivalB．chanceC．departureD．moment19．A.journeyB．dietC．picnicD．holiday20．A.worryingaboutB．smilingatC．talkingofD．waitingfor【解题导语】作者在机场看到迎接与送行的场景，回忆起与女儿和丈夫的温馨往事，意识到人生中需要欢聚与离别这些重要的时刻。【核心词汇】departvi.离开，出发　wrapone'sarmsaroundsb.用手臂搂住某人waitone'sturntodosth.等着轮到某人做某事thinkof想起，记起　recalldoingsth.回忆起做某事9\nseesb.off为某人送行　atwork在工作，起作用1．B　结合上文中出现的“arriveordepart”和下文中的“thefinalmoment”可知，空处应该是一个告别(goodbye)的场景，故选B。2．B　根据语境可知，此处表示登机(boarding)前最后的时刻，故选B。3．A　结合下文中的“protecthim”可知，母亲在儿子登机前给他一个强有力的(powerful)拥抱，故选A。gentle“温柔的”；warm“温暖的”；common“共同的，普遍的”。4．C　根据语境可知，快要登机的时候，母亲给了儿子一个强有力的拥抱，自然是盼望儿子能一路平安并平安归来，故选C。leave“离开”；survive“幸存，艰难渡过”；recover“恢复”。5．D　根据空后的“becausetheonesIlovehaveadifferent__6__frommine”和下文中的“thereisnoonetoseemeoff”可知，作者是一个人(alone)，没有人来为她送行，所以选D。frightened“害怕的，受惊的”；anxious“焦虑的，渴望的”；relaxed“放松的”。6．A　根据语境可知，作者一个人离开是因为所爱之人都有不同的日程安排。schedule“日程安排，计划表”符合语境，故选A。7．C　结合语境可知，作者回忆起(recall)女儿上大学第一次回家的往事，所以选C项。8．C　根据语境可知，作者一把抱住女儿，好像她走失了很久。lost“丢失的，遗失的”符合语境，故选C。9．B　结合语境可知，作者等待很久之后，所乘的航班终于(finally)通知登机了，故选B。punctually“准时地”；abruptly“突然地”；repeatedly“反复地”。10．D　根据语境可知，“__10__thereisnoonetoseemeoff”和“Idonot__11__toseewhereIhavecomefrom”是因果关系，所以空处应用Since“因为，既然”。11．C　既然没有人来送行，作者不需要回头张望(lookback)。slowdown“放慢，减速”；getoff“下车，离开”；runaway“突然离开，逃离”。12．C　结合语境可知，作者没有回头张望，相反地，作者想的是，还在上班的丈夫不知道作者是否已经离开。故选C项。13．D　参见上题解析。wonderif...“不知道是否……”符合语境，故选D。14．A　结合语境可知，作者发现自己记得(remembering)另一件以前的迎接与送行，故选A。15．B　结合下文中的“Becauseofmytears”可知，此处应用crying。shout“大喊，喊叫”；laugh“大笑，笑”；whisper“低语，悄声说”。16．B　此处指的是，因为作者哭泣，每个人(everyone)都在看着作者和她的丈夫。故选B。9\n17．A　虽然大家都在看，但是作者并不在意(care)，故选A。respond“回复，作出反应”；scold“训斥，责骂”；flee“逃离”。18．D　根据语境可知，人生中一直需要这样重要的时刻(moment)，故选D。arrival“到达”；chance“机会”；departure“离开”。19．A　根据语境可知，作者希望所有出行(journey)的人回来时都能看到有人在等待(waitingfor)他们。故选A。20．D　参见上题解析。四、单句改错1．Wefinallyreachedwhatthetemplestood._____________________________________________________答案：what→where　本句中的stood意为“(某物)处于某一位置”，故应用关系副词where连接宾语从句。2．Thetelephoneisringing.Answerittoseewhoeveriscalling._____________________________________________________答案：whoever→who　whoever“无论谁”，可引导主语从句或让步状语从句，不可引导宾语从句。本句中，应用作主语，且表示“谁”的关系代词who连接宾语从句，故改whoever为who。3．Afterthetrafficaccidenthappened,thepolicewereatthesceneatonce._____________________________________________________答案：第一个at→on　onthescene“在现场”。4．Aftertherainstopped,theywentaheadtheirworkofdiggingupthestreet._____________________________________________________答案：ahead后加with　goaheadwithsth.“(停留一段时间后)继续做某事”。5．Iknowit'sdangeroustogotherewithoutamap,butI'lltakeanchance._____________________________________________________答案：an→a　takeachance“冒险”。五、七选五4KeyStrategiesforRunningtoLoseWeightAsoneofthemostactiveexercisesoutthere,runningisanextremelyefficientwaytoburncaloriesandloseweight.A150-poundpersonwillburnapproximately100caloriespermilewhenrunning.　1　9\n1.HealthyEatingistheFirstStepIfyouwanttoloseweightbyrunning,keepinmindthatyou’llonlylosepoundsifyouburnmorecaloriesthanyouconsume.Toloseapound,youhavetoburn,throughexerciseorlifefunctions,about3500calories.　2　Runnersdohavespecialnutritionneeds,butthebasicprinciplesforhealthyeatingstillapply.Trychoosingsmallerportionsofhigh-fatandhigh-caloriefoodsandeatingmorewholegrains,fruits,andvegetables.2.FollowatrainingscheduleStickingtoatrainingscheduleisasimplewaytostaymotivatedtorun.　3　Soit’smuchhardertopostponeorskipworkouts.Followingaschedulecanalsohelpyouavoidarunninginjurybynotincreasingyourmileagetooquickly.3.RunregularlyIfyoudon’twanttofollowaschedule,youstillneedtohavesomeconsistencywithyourrunningbecauseyouwon’tloseweightbyrunningonceaweek.It’sbesttogetsomeactivityeveryday.　4　Ifyoufindthatyourmotivationtorunissuffering,followsomenecessarytipstogetinspired.4.   　5　Incorporatingspeedworkorintervaltraining(runningataveryfastspeedforshortintervalsoftime)intoyourrunningroutinecanalsohelpyourweightlossefforts.Speedworkburnsagreatamountofcaloriesinashortperiodoftime.You’llalsoincreaseyourmusclemass,causingyoutoburnmorecaloriesthroughouttheday.A.KeepitchallengingB.EatforPerformanceC.You’llknowexactlywhatyouneedtodoeverydayandeachrunbuildsonthenext.D.Soyou’llneedtocombinerunningwithahealthydiet.E.Ifyou’rehopingtouserunningtoloseweight,here’ssomeadviceonhowtobesuccessful.9\nF.Herearewaystoimproveyourrunningmotivation.G.Butifthat’snotpossible,trytoshootforatleast3―4timesperweek.【语篇解读】跑步是很好的减肥的方法，但是怎样才是正确的跑步方法，文章给出一些建议。1.E【解析】根据上文＂A150-poundpersonwillburnapproximately100caloriespermilewhenrunning.＂150磅的人跑步的时候大约燃烧100卡路里。可知这里是：如果你想通过跑步减肥，这里有些关于怎么成功的建议。故选E。 2.D【解析】根据下文＂Runnersdohavespecialnutritionneeds,butthebasicprinciplesforhealthyeatingstillapply.＂可知这里是：你需要将跑步和健康饮食结合起来。故选D。 3.C【解析】根据上文＂Stickingtoatrainingscheduleisasimplewaytostaymotivatedtorun.＂可知这里是：你将知道你每天要做什么，每次跑步给下一次奠定基础。故选C。 4.G【解析】根据上文＂It’sbesttogetsomeactivityeveryday.＂可知这里是：如果那样不可能，每周至少锻炼三四次。故选G。 5.A【解析】根据下文＂Incorporatingspeedworkorintervaltraining＂可知这里是：要保持有一定挑战。故选A。9