2022版高考英语一轮巩固达标练Unit2Robots含解析新人教版选修7
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Unit2Robots李仕才***阅读理解。Despitebeingusedby1.34billionpeopleeachyear,travelingontheTubeinLondoncanactuallybequitelonely.Onecitizen,however,istryingtochangethis.“YougetontheTubeandit’scompletelysilentandit’sweird,”saysJonathanDunne,whohasstartedaworldwidedialogueaftergivingoutbadges(徽章)withthewords“Tubechat?”lastmonth,encouragingpassengersinLondontogettalkingtooneanother.“Ihandedout500badgesduringrushhourinacityof8million,expectingmostofthemtobethrownaway,butafterabout24hoursitcompletelysnowballed,”hesays.Dunneandhis“Tubechat”campaignhavesincebeenreportedbymediaacrosstheworld,seeingTVinterviewsinSweden,BrazilandtheU.K.,aswellascountlesswebsite,newspaperandmagazineappearances.AlthoughDunnesayshe’sreceivedmostlypositivefeedback,noteveryoneagreeswithhisidea.LondonerBrianWilsonrespondedwithacampaignofhisown,handingout500badgeswiththewords“Don’teventhinkaboutit”onthem.MichaelRobinson,24,astudentfromLondon,agrees.“BeingontheTubeistheonlypeaceandquietsomepeoplegetontheirjourneystoandfromwork.Itdoesn’tneedtobespoiledbypeoplecomingupandchattingtoyou,”hesays.“PeopleassumethatIjustwalkupandtalktostrangers,whichIdon’t,butit’sbeenagreatwaytomeetpeopleyouwouldneverhavenormallyspokento,”Dunnesays.SoifyoueverendupusingpublictransportintheWest,whynotsayhellotothepersonnexttoyou?Justmakesuretocheckforabadgefirst.【解题导语】 每年乘坐伦敦地铁的乘客众多,可是人们仍然感到孤独;为此JonathanDunne发起了一个旨在鼓励乘客相互交谈的运动,此举引起了世界媒体的关注。尽管如此,人们对此仍有不同的态度。1.HowdidDunneencourageLondonpassengerstotalkwitheachother?A.ByputtinguppostersontheTube.8\nB.Byadvocatinghisideaonthemedia.C.Byofferingpassengersspecialbadges.D.Bystartingadialoguewithpassengers.C 解析:细节理解题。根据第二段的“whohasstartedaworldwidedialogueaftergivingoutbadges(徽章)withthewords‘Tubechat?’”可知,Dunne给乘客们分发写着“Tubechat?”的徽章来鼓励乘客聊天,故C项正确。2.HowisDunne’scampaigngettingalong?A.Ithascaughtinternationalattention.B.Ithasbecomeaworldwidecampaign.C.Mostpassengershaverefusedtoacceptit.D.Wilsonhasmadegreateffortstopromoteit.A 解析:细节理解题。根据第二段的“‘Tubechat’campaignhavesincebeenreportedbymediaacrosstheworld,seeingTVinterviewsinSweden,BrazilandtheU.K.,aswellascountlesswebsite,newspaperandmagazineappearances”可知,Dunne和他的“Tubechat”运动引起了世界各种媒体的关注,故A项正确。3.AccordingtoMichaelRobinson,whatshouldTubepassengersdo?A.Handintheirfeedbackintime.B.Walkupandtalktostrangers.C.Stopusingpublictransport.D.Enjoythepeacequietly.D 解析:细节理解题。根据第三段的“BeingontheTubeistheonlypeaceandquietsomepeoplegetontheirjourneystoandfromwork.Itdoesn’tneedtobespoiledbypeoplecomingupandchattingtoyou”可知,MichaelRobinson认为乘伦敦地铁是人们上下班时享受安静的时刻,而不是交谈的时刻,故D项正确。4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TubeChatorNotB.LonelyTravelintheLondonTubeC.SilenceontheTubeD.TubePassengersWearingBadgesA 解析:标题归纳题。通读全文可知,文章第二段介绍Dunne和他的“Tube8\nchat”运动引起了世界各种媒体的关注;第三段介绍一些人持不同的观点;最后一段建议如果要跟陌生人打招呼,先看看他有没有徽章。据此可以判断,文章主要介绍了人们对于是否在伦敦地铁相互交谈持不同的观点,故A项最能概括文意。***语法填空。ResidentsofatowninJapanhavebrokentheworldrecordforbuildingsnowmen.Around630citizensattheIiyamaSnowFestival__1__(make)1,585snowmeninonehour.The__2__(early)recordwas1,279snowmen,__3__wassetin2022.Theeventcoincidedwiththeopeningof__4__newbullettrainstation.JustinPatterson,thejudgefromtheGuinnessWorldRecordsorganization,saidtheeventwasawonderfuloccasion.Hesaid__5__thetownwasbeingburiedinsnow,theresidentsdealtwiththechallengetogetherinapositivelight.Therewerestrictrulesfortherecord__6__(break).Onewasthateachsnowmanhadtobeover80cmtall.They__7__bemadeofthreeseparatesnowballs,witheyes,anoseandarms.Peopleusedonlytheirhandstomake__8__.CommitteememberJiroKobayashitoldtheAsahiShimbunnewspaperthattheeventsuitedtheopeningofthebullettrainstation.Hesaidthatthankstothe__9__(cooperate)ofmanypeople,therecordwasbroken.Hesaidtheeventadded__10__thecelebrationsoftheopeningofthebullettrainstation.However,manypeoplesaidthatitwasatoughthingtodobecausethesnowdidn'tsticktogether.1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________篇章导读:本文为一篇说明文。在日本的一个小镇,人们在一个小时内堆了1585个雪人,打破了先前创造的一个小时内堆1279个雪人的纪录。1.made考查动词的时态。堆雪人是过去发生的事,所以用一般过去时。2.earlier考查形容词的比较级。此处指一个小时内堆1,279个雪人是早前的纪录,和1,585的记录进行比较,故空格处用比较级。3.which考查定语从句的引导词。先行词为record,指物,故用which引导非限制性定语从句。4.a考查冠词。此处表泛指,故用不定冠词a。5.although/though考查连词。根据语境可知,空格处应用连词although/though引导让步状语从句,指“虽然小镇被雪覆盖,但居民们还是情绪高涨,共同迎接挑战”。6.tobebroken8\n考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知,此处说的是“将被打破的纪录”,故用不定式表示将来发生的动作,又因逻辑主语record是不定式动作的承受者,所以用不定式的被动式。7.must/should考查情态动词。此处指“雪人必须/应该由三个独立的雪球组成”,故用must/should。8.them考查代词。此处指代人们堆的雪人,且作make的宾语,故用them。9.cooperation考查词性转换。此处指“幸好有许多人的合作”,且空处位于定冠词之后,故用名词形式cooperation。10.to考查介词。addto为固定用法,意为“增加;增添”。***完形填空。Hello,Mr.WiFi.Lifewithoutyouisnexttoimpossiblenow.We'rehappytosingyournamefrommorningtillevening,sometimestilldawn.__1__Iknowyouhelpme,sometimesyou'remakingmedothingswith__2__attention.ManytimesIpromisemyselfthatI'll__3__myfeelingstowardsyou,butyou're__4__mecloserandcloser...You'veenteredbothmyhomeandmy__5__.You'rejustawindowforour__6__andinformation.Butwepeoplearen't__7__onlywiththewindow.Soweopenallour__8__foryou.Isthisa(n)__9__orsomekindofattachment?Ifthisisanillness,isitcurable?Andifthisisanattachmentwillyou__10__metothelifelongtogetherness?Wewantyou24/7.Can'tyoutakeafewdaysoffsothatbothyouandIcan__11__?You'reapoison—notaslowonebutasuper__12__poisonwhichholdsourmindandmakesusdance__13__itstune.Nowadaysyou'reso__14__thatanyonecanbuyandmakeyouour__15__.You'llneverbebotheredaboutourhealthbutwe'll__16__beconcernedaboutyour“health”.Becauseyouaccompanyuseverywhereandneverletusbealone.Ifyouwerea__17__personmadeoffleshandblood(血肉之躯)wouldweloveyouthesame?You__18__uswithyournumeroustalentsandweevencan'tgetridofyou.We'reallyou__19__.SometimesIwonderhowpeopleinthepreviousgenerations__20__,butiftheydidwhycan'twe?1.A.NowthatB.OnlyifC.ThoughD.When2.A.praisedB.increasedC.focusedD.divided3.A.keepinB.bringbackC.approveofD.giveup8\n4.A.drawingB.pushingC.forcingD.observing5.A.spaceB.soulC.societyD.workplace6.A.entertainmentB.argumentC.expansionD.struggle7.A.strictB.satisfiedC.generousD.busy8.A.thoughtsB.eyesC.exitsD.doors9.A.diseaseB.inspirationC.routineD.phenomenon10.A.recommendB.instructC.commitD.adapt11.A.persistB.relaxC.progressD.balance12.A.rawB.ambiguousC.strongD.fast13.A.toB.againstC.fromD.within14.A.affordableB.valuableC.conventionalD.attractive15.A.additionB.expertC.companionD.instrument16.A.sometimesB.alwaysC.neverD.seldom17.A.selfishB.dishonestC.responsibleD.real18.A.controlB.scoldC.comfortD.challenge19.A.friendsB.slavesC.colleaguesD.employers20.A.sufferedB.connectedC.survivedD.surfed8\n【解题导语】作者用诙谐的语气质问WiFi,这呈现了现代人的一种通病,那就是对无线网络的依赖。1.C 根据语境可知,虽然(Though)作者知道WiFi帮助了自己,但是正是WiFi的特殊作用让作者在做事情的时候会分心。2.D 参见上题解析。3.A 根据语境可知,作者很多次都对自己承诺说要抑制(keepin)自己对WiFi的情感。bringback“使回忆起,使想起”;approveof“同意,赞成”;giveup“放弃”。4.A 根据语境可知,此处形象生动地表现了作者不能抗拒WiFi对自己的吸引。draw“吸引”符合语境。force“强迫,迫使”;observe“观察”。5.B WiFi进入了作者的家和灵魂中。下文中的“holdsourmind”是关键提示。6.A WiFi(本来)只是我们娱乐(entertainment)和获取信息的窗口。argument“争论”;expansion“扩张”;struggle“斗争,奋斗”。7.B 根据上文的“You'rejustawindowforour...information”以及“But”所表示的转折关系可知,此处表示人们并不满足于(satisfied)WiFi仅仅是个“窗口(window)”。strict“严格的”;generous“慷慨的”。8.D 此处表示人们将WiFi的作用扩大化,不仅仅满足于其作为窗口的作用,而是将所有的“门(doors)”打开迎接WiFi。某种程度上而言,door是window的“升级版”。9.A 结合下文中的“anillness”可知,作者疑惑的是自己和其他人对WiFi如此依赖的现象是否是一种病(disease)。inspiration“灵感”;routine“惯例”;phenomenon“现象”。10.C 如果对WiFi的情感是一种依赖的话,WiFi能保证与作者一生都亲密无间吗?commit意为“保证(做某事、遵守协议或遵从安排等),承诺”,符合语境。recommend“推荐”;instruct“教导”;adapt“适应”。11.B WiFi不能给自己放几天假以便它和作者都能放松(relax)一下吗?persist“坚持”;progress“发展、(使)进步”;balance“平衡”。12.D 根据本句中的“notaslowone”可知,WiFi并不是慢性毒药,而是快速起效的毒药,故用fast与slow形成对比。raw“不熟练的”;ambiguous“含糊不清的”。13.A WiFi是一种能控制人们的思想并使人们随着它的音调起舞的毒药。danceto表示“随着……跳舞”。14.A 根据下文中的“anyonecanbuy”可知,如今WiFi的价格是如此低廉以至于任何人都能买到,并使其成为人们的伴侣。affordable“支付得起的,不算太贵的”;valuable“有价值的”;conventional“传统的”;attractive“有吸引力的”。15.C 参见上题解析。下文中的“Becauseyouaccompanyuseverywhereandneverletusbe8\nalone”亦是提示。addition“加,添加”;companion“伴侣,伙伴”;instrument“工具”。16.B 毫无生命的WiFi是决不会在意其用户的健康的,但是用户们会一直担心WiFi的“健康”,此处用always与上文的“never”形成对比,强调人们对WiFi的在意程度。17.D 根据下文中的“personmadeoffleshandblood(血肉之躯)”可知,作者想知道如果WiFi成为拥有血肉之躯的真实的人,人们是否会一样喜欢它。selfish“自私的”;dishonest“不诚实的”;responsible“负责任的”。18.A 根据上文作者介绍的人们对WiFi的依赖及下文中的“weevencan'tgetridofyou”可知,人们离开了WiFi简直无法生活下去,而本句中的“withyournumeroustalents”正是WiFi控制人们的方式。control“控制”;scold“责备”;comfort“安慰”;challenge“挑战”。19.B 根据语境可知,WiFi控制了人们,也就是说人们成了被其掌控的奴隶(slaves)。colleague“同事”;employer“雇主”。20.C 根据语境尤其是本句中的“inthepreviousgenerations”可知,作者非常疑惑的是在早期没有WiFi的时候人们是如何存活(survived)下来的。suffer“受苦”;connect“联系”;surf“冲浪”。***短文改错。Nowadays,foodwasteisbecomingseriouslyinChina.Toshowtheirhospitalityininterpersonalcommunication,somecustomersorderedfarmorethanwhatisenough,causemuchfoodtobeuntouchedandthrownaway.Whatisevenmoreunbearablelieinthefactwhatbanquetsatpublicexpensescostthereputationofourgovernmentaswellasahugeamountofmoney.Themoneycouldhaveactuallybeenspenthelpingthosewhichareinneed.Consequently,suchwastereallymakespeoplebedisappointedanddepressed.Toourdelighted,asanationwidecampaignagainstwasteatthediningtablehaslaunched,“ClearthePlates”isgainingmoreacceptanceandsupport.Therefore,thenation's“ClearthePlates”ismostlikelytobecomethemainstreamideaofhospitalitythrougheveryoneefforts.答案:Nowadays,foodwasteisbecominginChina.Toshowtheirhospitalityininterpersonalcommunication,somecustomersfarmorethanwhatisenough,muchfoodtobeuntouchedandthrownaway.8\nWhatisevenmoreunbearableinthefactbanquetsatpublicexpensescostthereputationofourgovernmentaswellasahugeamountofmoney.Themoneycouldhaveactuallybeenspenthelpingthoseareinneed.Consequently,suchwastereallymakespeopledisappointedanddepressed.Toour,asanationwidecampaignagainstwasteatthediningtablehaslaunched,“ClearthePlates”isgainingmoreacceptanceandsupport.Therefore,thenation's“ClearthePlates”ismostlikelytobecomethemainstreamideaofhospitalitythroughefforts.难项分析:第三处:cause→causing考查非谓语动词。此处用现在分词短语作结果状语。第七处:去掉disappointed前的be考查make的复合结构。“make+宾语+宾补”中,宾补可以是动词原形、形容词、副词、过去分词等。disappointed和depressed是过去分词转化来的形容词,所以be是多余的。第九处:在has后加been考查动词的语态。launchacampaign“发起运动”,campaign与launch之间是被动关系,所以要用现在完成时的被动语态。***8
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