2022版高考英语写作基础Unit32讲义+练习必修1含解析

Unit3李仕才一、词汇讲解1.stubbornadj.顽固的，固执的;顽强的或有决心的;坚持的;棘手的比较级：stubborner最高级：stubbornest【派生词】stubbornlyadv.倔强地，顽强地，顽固地【派生词】stubbornnessnoun[U]倔强，顽强;牛性;牛脾气;犟劲2.organizev.组织;安排;规划;建立组织【派生词】organizer-isern.组织者，编制者，发起人;[生]形成体;〈口〉公文柜，（分类记事的）备忘记事簿;[计]整理器【派生词】organizationn.组织;机构;团体；【派生词】organizationaladj.组织的;编制的3.determinevt.&vi.（使）下决心，（使）做出决定(~onsth/todosth决定，决心（做某事）)vt.决定，确定;判定，判决;使决定;限定vi.[主用于法律]了结，终止，结束【派生词】determinationn.决心;决定，确定;[物]测定，计算【派生词】determinedadj.确定的;坚定的;毅然的v.确定;决定;（使）下决心，（使）做出决定(determine的过去式和过去分词);使决定【派生词】determinedlyadv.坚决地;坚定地;断然地;决然地4.journey（JourneytotheWest西游记）n.旅行，旅程行期;历程，过程vi.旅行，出游vt.在…旅行或旅行到过…【近义词辩词】1)journey指经由陆路、空路或海路，从一地到另一地的旅程，如：ajourneyofover2,000miles（2,000多英里的旅程）。表示旅行到某个地方用journey，这是文雅的用法：Thenightsbecamecolderastheyjourneyednorth（他们北上的过程中，夜晚变得越来越冷）。2)voyage通常指乘船或乘坐飞行器进行的长途旅行：thevoyagetothemoonin1972（1972年的登月之旅）。3)trip通常指短期逗留的往返旅程：abusinesstriptoMilan（到米兰出差）。注意，trip用作动词时含义不同。13\n3)excursion指短途的观光游览或有其他目的的短途旅行：ThetouristofficeorganizesexcursionstothepalaceofKnossos（旅游局组织去克诺索斯王宫观光游览）。5)travel泛指旅行的行为而非某次具体的旅行，用复数形式时多指到远方作长期旅行或旅游，不强调直接目的地。例如：arecordofhertravelsintheFarEast她在远东游历的记录6)tour旅游，观光。指以游乐为目的、最后返回出发地的观光游览，途中走访数个不同地点，距离可长可短。例如：HehasgoneonatourtoEurope.他到欧洲旅游去了。2.mind短语1)bear/keepsb./sth.inmind；bear/keepinmindthat…【双语解释】将…记在心中；记起；考虑toremembersb./sth.;torememberorconsiderthat…2)be/gooutofyourmind【双语解释】心智失常；发疯tobeunabletothinkorbehaveinanormalway;tobecomecrazy【例句】(informal)You'relendingthemmoney?Youmustbeoutofyourtinymind!你要把钱借给他们？你真是疯到家了。3)haveitinmindtodosth.【双语解释】(formal)打算做某事tointendtodosth.4)haveamindofyourown【双语解释】有主见；能自作决定tohaveyourownopinion.Makeyourowndecisionswithoutbeinginfluencedbyotherpeople【例句】Shehasamindofherownandisn'tafraidtosaywhatshethinks.她有主见，并且敢于表达自己的观点。(humorous)Mycomputerseemstohaveamindofitsown!我的电脑好像也有它自己的想法！13\n3)loseyourmind【双语解释】发疯；神经错乱tobecomementallyill4)makeupyourmind/makeyourmindup【双语解释】做出决定；下定决心todecidesth.【例句】They'rebothbeautiful─Ican'tmakeupmymind.两个都很漂亮——我难以决定。You'llneverpersuadehimtostay─hismind'smadeup(=hehasdefinitelydecidedtogo).你根本无法劝他留下来——他已经拿定主意了。Comeon─it'smakeyourminduptime!嗨！你该作出决定了！5)put/getsth.outofyourmind【双语解释】不再想；有意忘记tostopthinkingaboutsb/sth;todeliberatelyforgetsb/sth【例句】Ijustcan'tgetheroutofmymind.我就是忘不掉她。6)putsbinmindofsb/sth【双语解释】(old-fashioned)使某人想起tomakesbthinkofsb/sth;toremindsbofsb/sth7)put/setsb'smindatease/rest【双语解释】安慰；宽解；使宽心todoorsaysth.tomakesbstopworryingaboutsth.13\n3)setyourmindonsth.【双语解释】集中精力做；下决心做todecideyouwanttoachievesth.andgivethisallyourattention【例句】Shecouldhavebeenabrilliantpianistifshe'dputhermindtoit.如果她专心致志，坚持到底，她本可以成为一名杰出的钢琴家。4)blowyourmind【双语解释】(informal)使某人兴奋（或吃惊）toproduceaverystrongpleasantorshockingfeeling【例句】Waittillyouhearthis.It'llblowyourmind.等着听听这个吧。它会让你大感意外的。5)changeyour/sb'smind【双语解释】改变决定（或看法、主意）tochangeadecisionoranopinion【例句】Nothingwillmakemechangemymind.什么都不能让我改变主意。13)crossyourmind【双语解释】(ofthoughts,etc.想法等)掠过心头；出现在脑海tocomeintoyourmind同义词：occurtosb.【例句】Itnevercrossedmymindthatshemightlose(=Iwassurethatshewouldwin).我从来没想过她会失败。14)have/keepanopenmind(about/onsth.)【双语解释】愿意聆听（或接受）意见；（对…）不怀成见；思想开明to13\nbewillingtolistentooracceptnewideasorsuggestions13)openyour/sb'smindtosth.【双语解释】（使人）思想开阔，意识到某事tobecomeormakesb.awareofnewideasorexperiencespushsth.tothebackofyourmind刻意忘掉（不愉快的事）；把…丢到脑后totrytoforgetaboutsth.unpleasant【例句】Itriedtopushthethoughttothebackofmymind.我尽量把这个念头忘掉。14)outofsight,outofmind【双语解释】(saying)眼不见，心不想usedtosaysb.willquicklybeforgottenwhentheyarenolongerwithyou15)slipyourmind【双语解释】被遗忘ifsth.slipsyourmind,youforgetitorforgettodoit16)stickinyourmind【双语解释】(ofamemory,animage,etc.往事、形象等)经久不忘；铭记在心toberememberedforalongtime【例句】Oneofhispaintingsinparticularsticksinmymind.他有一幅画我记得特别清楚。2.give短语giveaway1.赠送；捐赠2.丧失，失去，错失（优势）13\n3.泄露（秘密）4.使露出真面目5.（基督教婚礼上）将（新娘）交给新郎giveback归还；退还givein1.认输；承认做不到2.屈从；让步giveoff释放，放出，发出（气体、热量、气味等）giveout1.释放，放出，发出（气体、热量、气味等）2.分发；散发3.公开，宣布（消息等）4.（设备或身体部位）停止运转，停止运行giveoverto/giveupto专门用于giveup1.放弃；戒除2.认输；放弃3.辞去（工作）4.让出5.自首；投案giveupon对…绝望；对…不抱希望词汇练习一、单词拼写1.Thefirstandmostsproblemwasthatofreductionsinthenumberofaircraft.2.Hekeptondrunningdespiteaninjuredtoe.3.Icouldn'ttellifhisrefusaltotalkwassimples.4.Mostofthesespecializedschoolsareprovidedbyvoluntaryo.5.Advancedmethodsandtechniquesinoandmanagerialresearch,includingaspectsofoperationsresearchanddataprocessing.6.Thesizeofthechickenpieceswilld13\nthecookingtime4.ShehasjonhorsebackthroughAfricaandTurkey.5.Ihadobtainedtheauthenticdetailsaboutthebirthoftheo.9.I'vealwaysbeenfondofpoetryandonepiecehasalwayssinmymind.10.It'sthatkindofcourageanddthatmakeshimsucharemarkablecharacter.二、选词填空crossedhismind;put...mindto;stickinyourmind;changeyourmind;madeup...minds;outofmind;openyourmindto;set...mindon;put...mindatease;slipyourmind;bearinmind;haveanopenmind;changedmymind;blowyourmind;1.Iwasgoingtovoteforhim,butIandvotedforReagan2.Ithadneverthattheremightbeaproblem.3.Youcoulddofineintheworldifyouit.4.Practicallyusingvocabularycanhelpit.5.Thisway,nothingwillduringthemorningrush.6.Problems,oncetheyareoutofsightare.7.Whenyouimpossible,youwillfindthetruth.8.Inordertodevelopasenseofhumor,onemustandtheabilitytodealwithunpleasanteventsandpeople.9.Ifyouareflexible,youcan,yourplansandthedirectionofyourlife.10..Iamsureyouwillsucceedinwhateveryoudoing.11..OurfamilydoctorwhenhetoldherhefeltIwouldnothaveanymajormedicalconcerns.12.NowI'mgoingtoawomanalwaysknowswhatyou'rethinking.13.Haveyouwheretogoforyourhoneymoon?14.Wemusttheselessonspaidforwithblood.2.givein;giveinto;giveaway;giveout;giveoff;giveup;1.Histeachersseemtohaveonhim.13\n1.TheChinesepeoplewillneverthedisaster.3.Afteraweekontherunhetothepolice.4.Hemostofhismoneytocharity.5.Afteramonththeirfoodsupplies.Theyneedtofiguredoutawaytocopewiththeproblem.6.WeallfellinlovewithMr.White’garden,wheretheflowersafragrantperfume.7.We'dhopeofeverwinningthecompetition.8.Itwassupposedtobeasurprisebutthechildrengavethegame.9.MyfamilyinsistedthatIshouldnot,butstayandfight10.Allchildreninourclasswaseducatedtotheirseatstopeopleinneed.11.Heoftencametochecktheirstudiesandnewassignments.翻译练习练习一：根据所给中文提示填写空白处1.Hisfacewassetin.(固执坚定的表情)2.His(始终不愿接受任何新事物)eventuallyworeoutthepatienceofhissuperiors2.He(固执地拒绝)totellherhowhehadcometobeinsuchastate.3.Ifinally(放弃了我的固执)andvisitedunexpectedly.5.Neverletyourpersistenceandpassion(变成固执和无知).6.We'll(组织一些学生参加)thebasketballteam.7.Tom(具有组织的能力),coordinateandsupervisestaff.8.I’dliketoletyouknowthat(你是一个天生的组织领导者).9.Iamawarethat(该书的编排还有待改进).10..Ihavegonethroughthetrainingofteamspirit,andIhave(一定的组织管理能力).11.(她的幽默言谈和坚定决心)wereasourceofinspirationtoothers.12.Thistimewasunshakable.(他是铁了心要走)13.Theexactquantitycannot(目前尚不能确定).13\n12.(他们决意回到)thelandoftheirforefathers.15.Ifthelovebecomestothebitterwine,(就毅然地放下执着).16.Myfilms(试图描述一个自我发现的心灵之旅),bothformyselfandthewatcher.17.ShereachedKarachionMondayevening,(这段行程耗时)threedaysandninehours练习二：中译英1.我对付不了那个孩子，他很固执。2.她怎么都不肯付钱。3.失业率居高不下。4.我爱你的勇气，你的固执。5.我们应当组织更多的社交活动。6.他很有组织才能。7.我认为是时候组织起来了。13\n8.警方收集到了大量关于该组织的有用信息。9.我有良好的管理技巧和组织能力。10.我的目标首先是要确定自己下一步该做什么。11.关键在于要有决心和信心。12.我们定下决心，要在元旦前完成这项工作。13.他是个有决心有毅力的人。14.坚定向前行动以您的计划。15.这次旅行给他们留下了良好的印象。16.我们的旅客一路上的行为让人很难解释。13\n参考答案：一、单词拼写stubborn;determinedly;stubbornness;organizations;organizational;determine;journeyed;organization;stuck;determination二、选词填空1.changedmymind;crossedhismind;putyourmindto;stickinyourmind;slipyourmind;outofmind;openyourmindto;haveanopenmind;changeyourmind;setyourmindon;puthermindatease;blowyourmind;madeupyourminds;bearinmind2.givenup;giveinto;gavehimselfup;gaveaway;gaveout;gaveoff;givenup;away;givein;giveup;giveout三、中译英练习练习一1.Hisfacewassetinanexpressionofstubborndetermination.他脸上流露出固执坚定的表情。2.Hisstubbornresistancetoanythingneweventuallyworeoutthepatienceofhissuperiors他始终不愿接受任何新事物，最终让上司失去了耐心。3.Hestubbornlyrefusedtotellherhowhehadcometobeinsuchastate.他固执地拒绝告诉她自己是如何沦落到这种地步的。4.Ifinallygaveupmystubbornnessandvisitedunexpectedly.我终于放弃了我的固执，并参观了意外。5.Neverletyourpersistenceandpassionturnintostubbornnessandignorance.永远不要让你的坚持和激情变成固执和无知。6.We'llorganizesomestudentsintothebasketballteam.我们将组织一些学生参加篮球队。7.Abilitytoorganize,coordinateandsupervisestaff.具有组织，协调和管理职工的能力。8.I’dliketoletyouknowthatyouwereanaturalbornorganizer.你是一个天生的组织领导者。9.Iamawarethattheorganizationofthebookleavessomethingtobeimproved.我知道该书的编排还有待改进。10..Ihavegonethroughthetrainingofteamspirit,andIhaveacertainorganizationalmanageme-ntcapabilities.13\n这种经历培养了我的团队合作精神，并让我具有一定的组织管理能力。1.Herhumouranddeterminationwereasourceofinspirationtoothers.她的幽默言谈和坚定决心对其他人来说是一种鼓舞。2.Thistimehisdeterminationtoleavewasunshakable.他这次是铁了心要走。3.Theexactquantitycannotbedeterminedatpresent.确切数量目前尚不能确定。4.Theyweredeterminedtogobacktothelandoftheirforefathers.他们决意回到祖先的土地上。5..Ifthelovebecomestothebitterwine,andputdowndeterminedly.如果爱已变成苦酒，就毅然地放下执着。6.Myfilmstrytodescribeajourneyofdiscovery,bothformyselfandthewatcher.我的电影试图为我自己也为观众描述一个自我发现的心灵之旅。7..ShereachedKarachionMondayevening,thejourneyhavingoccupiedthreedaysandninehours她在星期一晚上抵达了卡拉奇，这段行程耗时3天9小时。练习二1.Icannotcopewiththatboy;heisstubborn.我对付不了那个孩子，他很固执。2.Shestubbornlyrefusedtopay.她怎么都不肯付钱。3.Unemploymentremainsstubbornlyhigh.失业率居高不下。4.Iloveyourcourageandyourstubbornness.我爱你的勇气，你的固执。5.Weoughttoorganizemoresocialevents我们应当组织更多的社交活动。6.Hehastheabilitytoorganize.他很有组织才能。7.Ithinkit'stimetoorganize.我认为是时候组织起来了。8.Thepolicegainedagreatdealofusefulinformationabouttheorganization.警方收集到了大量关于该组织的有用信息。9.Ihavegoodmanagerialskillsandorganizationalcapabilities.我有良好的管理技巧和组织能力。10.MyaimwasfirstofalltodeterminewhatIshoulddonext.我的目标首先是要确定自己下一步该做什么。11.Whatcountsisdeterminationandconfidence.13\n关键在于要有决心和信心。2.WearedeterminedtogettheworkdonebeforeNewYear'sDay.我们定下决心，要在元旦前完成这项工作。3.Heisaverydeterminedandstrong-willedperson.他是个有决心有毅力的人。4.Tomoveaheaddeterminedlywithyourplans.坚定向前行动以您的计划。5.Thejourneyleavesafavourableimpression.这次旅行给他们留下了良好的印象。6..Ourtraveller'sbehaviouronthejourneyishardtoexplain我们的旅客一路上的行为让人很难解释。13