新高考全国卷2023高三英语模拟培优强化训练三

（新高考全国卷）2021届高三英语模拟培优强化训练（三）本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AGraduateSchemesCommercialBankingGraduateScheme   WehelpU.K.-basedclientstoinvestlocallyandtradeglobally,andadvisethemonwaystheycanmanagerisk.Toapplyforourscheme,youneeda2:1degreeoraboveinanydisciplinefromanyuniversity.   Location:OurgraduateschemesarebasedinvariouscitiesaroundtheU.K.,includingLondon,Birmingham,EdinburghandBristol.   WHATYOU'LLBEDOING   ♦ Attendingclientmeetingstounderstandtheirneedsandofferingsolutionstosupportthem.   ♦ ManagingtheGroup'sexposuretoriskandassessinginvestmentopportunities.RiskManagementGraduateScheme   Ifyouareeagertolearnhowanationalorganizationprotectsitselfanditscustomersfromdifferentthreats,you'llbeagreatfitforourRiskManagementteams.Whatyouneedisjusta2:2degreeorabove.   Location:ThefirstplacementwillbeinBristol,followedbythreeplacementsinLondon.   WHATYOU'LLBEDOING   ♦ Developingyourunderstandingofcreditrisks,riskanalysisfindfinancialmodeling.   ♦ Usingartificialintelligence(AI)tosimplifyourriskmanagementprocesses.FinanceGraduateScheme19   Financeteamsarethetrustedadvisorstoourbusiness.And,oncetheyunderstandhowabusinessworks,theycandevelopstrategiesthathelptransformit,withinafast-changingindustry.   Accountingandfinancegraduatesarequalifiedforthisscheme.   Location:London.   WHATYOU'LLBEDOING   ♦ Buildingrelationshipswithcolleaguesandcustomerstobetterunderstandtheirneeds.   ♦ Reviewingourpracticesandcontributingideasonthewayswecanimprovethem.ManufacturingGraduateScheme   We'retheU.K.'ssecondlargestfreshfoodmanufacturer.We'reuniqueinthewaywesourceandmakemostofourfreshfoodourselves.Tojoinus,it'scrucialthatyouhaveadrivinglicense.Besides,youmusthaveapassionforfoodqualityandsafety.Thosewhohaveaminimum2:2degreeandarefluentinChinesewillbepreferred.   Location:London.   WHATYOU'LLBEDOING   ♦ Workingwithavarietyofteamsatseveralofourmanufacturingsites.   ♦ Goingonplacementinstorestolearnmoreaboutourretailoperations.1.IfyouwanttostayinBirmingham,whichgraduateschemecanyouchoose?A.FinanceGraduateScheme.B.ManufacturingGraduateScheme.C.RiskManagementGraduateScheme.D.CommercialBankingGraduateScheme.2.AfterfinishingtheRiskManagementGraduateScheme,whatcanyoudo?A.Createinvestmentopportunities.B.Mastermoreaboutretailoperations.C.Formulatetheriskmanagementsystem.D.UseAItomakeriskmanagementprocesseseasier.3.WhichcertificateisamusttoapplyforManufacturingGraduateScheme?A.A2:1degree.B.Adrivinglicense.C.AMandarincertificate.D.Afoodproductionlicense.19B   Theearismadeupofthreedifferentsectionsthatworktogethertocollectsoundsandsendthemtothebrain:theouterear,themiddleear,andtheinnerear.   Theouterearismadeupofthepinnaandtheearcanal.Thepinnaisthepartoftheearyouseeonthesideofyourhead.Itsmainjobistogathersoundsandfunnelthemtotheearcanal,whichisthepathwaythatleadstothemiddleear.Glands(腺)intheskinliningtheearcanalproduceearwax(耳垢),whichprotectsthecanalbycleaningoutdirtandhelpingtopreventinfections.   Themiddleearisanair-filledholethatturnssoundwavesintovibrationsanddeliversthemtotheinnerear.Themiddleearisseparatedfromtheouterearbytheeardrum(鼓膜),athinpieceoftissuestretchedtightacrosstheearcanal.Soundshittheeardrum,causingittomove.   Thevibrationsfromthemiddleearchangeintonervesignalsintheinnerear.Theinnerearincludesthecochlea(耳蜗)andthesemicircularcanals.Thesnail-shapedcochleachangesthevibrationsfromthemiddleearintonervesignals.Thesesignalstraveltothebrainalongthecochlearnerve,alsoknownasthehearingnerve.   Teachkidstoprotecttheirhearingbypayingattentiontothenoiselevelsthey'reexposedto.Havethemturndownthevolumeonvideogames,TVs,and,especially,portablemusicplayers.Makesuretheytakehearingprotection(likeearplugsorprotectiveheadphones)whenthey'llbearoundloudnoises(ataconcert,carrace,etc.).   Ifyourchildhasanytroublewithhearing,turntoyourdoctor.Treatinghearinglossearlycanlimitthedamage.4.What'stheusageoftheearcanal?A.Toserveasabridge.B.Toproduceearwaxintheear.C.Topreventinfections.D.Togatherandfunnelsounds.5.Whichpartisbetweentheouterearandthemiddle19ear?A.Theearcanal.B.Theeardrum.C.Theinnerear.D.Thecochlea.6.What'stheauthor'sadvicetothechildwithhearingimpairment?A.Consultthedoctor.B.Takehearingprotection.C.Cleanearsregularly.D.Turndownthevolume.7.Whoisthepassagewrittenfor?A.Thescientists.B.Theparents.C.Theteachers.D.Thekids.C   ArecentarticlepublishedbythesciencejournalNatureNeurosciencesaysthatexcessive(过度的)lightexposureatnightleadstosymptomsofdepressioninmice.   Healthexpertshavelongsuggestedthatexposuretolightduringnighttimemayleadtodepressioninhumans,butnowChinesescientistshaveverifiedthatthishappenstomice.   ScientistsfromtheUniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina,basedinHefei,AnhuiProvince,foundthattheeffectwaspartlycontrolledbyaneuralpathwaythatcarriessignalsfromtheeyestoaspecificregionofbrain.Blockingthepathwaycouldpreventtheeffect,thepapersaid.   Intheirexperiments,thescientistsexposeddozensofmicetobluelightfrom9p.m.to11p.m.Bluelightwaschosenbecauseneuronsaremostsensitivetoit,accordingtoAnKai,theleadauthorofthepaper,whichwaspublishedinthesciencejournal NatureNeuroscience.   "Tooursurprise,theeffectwasveryobviousinmice,"saidAn."Theexposureresultedinmorethan70percentofthesubjectmiceexhibitingdepressivesymptoms,whichwasshownbytwoclassicaltests."   Themiceexhibiteddecreasedmobilityintheforcedswimmingtestanddecreasedpreferenceinthesugarpreferencetest.19   Ansaidresearchersfinallyhopetoverifythemechanisminhumans,butfurtherexperimentsarerequired.   Micearemoreactiveatnightthaninthedaytime,whichiscontrarytohumans.   "Forthenextstageofresearch,wewillmoveontootheranimalswhosebiologicalrhythmsareclosertohumans,Ansaid.   Exposuretoexcessivelightatnighttime,eitherfromlightsortheuseofelectronicdevicessuchasmobilephonesorpersonalcomputersbeforebedtime,hasbeenassociatedwithagreaterriskofdepression,thepapernoted.8.Whathastheresearchfound?A.Humansaredepressedwhenthey'reexposedtolightatnight.B.Muchexposuretolightatnightmakesmicedepressed.C.Micearemoresensitivetolightatnightthanhumans.D.It'sharmfultobeexposedtobluelightatnight.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"verified"inParagraph2probablymean?A.Proved.B.Hoped.C.Remembered.D.Guessed.10.Whichofthefollowingwasaresultcausedbytheexposuretobluelightatnight?A.Themobilityofthemiceinswimmingimproved.B.Themicebecamemoresensitivetobluelight.C.Themiceshowedlessinterestinsugar.D.Themicenolongerlikedswimming.11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.It'slessharmfultobeexposedtolightfromthesky.B.Weshouldneverusepersonalcomputersbeforebedtime.C.It'snecessarynottousemobilephonestoomuchatnight.D.Depressioncanbeavoidedifwedon'tuseelectronicdevicesatnight.D   Themoonmayholdwaterinmoreplacesandinlargeramountsthanscientistshavesuggestedinthepast.ThefindingisbasedontwostudiespublishedinNatureAstronomy—thatexaminednewdatafromtheU.S.spaceagencyNASA.19   Untilabout10yearsago,scientistsbelievedthemoonwasmostlydry.Then,aseriesoffindingsprovidedevidencethatwatericewaswidespreadinsmallamountsonpartsofthemoon.Theicewasthoughttobeinareaspermanentlyblockedfromsunlight.   Butinoneofthenewstudies,NASAsaiditwasabletovalidatethepresence ofwatermolecules(分子)onsunlitpartsofthelunarsurface.ThespaceagencysaystheidentificationcamefromdatacollectedbyitsSOFIAairborneobservatoryequippedwithapowerfultelescope.TheresearchwasledbyCaseyHonniballofNASA'sGoddardSpaceFlightCenterinMaryland.Scientistshavesuggestedthesourceofthewatermayhavebeencomets(彗星),asteroids(小行星),solarwindorinterplanetarydust.Thenewresearchprovidesevidencethatthewatermaybesurvivingonsunlitlunarsurfacesbecauseitisattachedtominerals.   Thesecondstudycenteredonso-called"coldtraps"onthemoon.Theseareareasofthelunarsurfacethatexistinastateofpermanentdarknesswheretemperaturesarebelowaboutminus160degreesCelsius.Scientistssaytemperaturesthiscoldcanholdfrozenwaterforbillionsofyears.   PlanetaryscientistPaulHayneoftheUniversityofColoradoBoulderledtheresearchoncoldtraps.Hesaidlikely"tensofbillions"oftraps.Hayne'steamsaysthenewresearchsuggestsmorethan40,000squarekilometresofthemoon'ssurfacemayhavetheabilitytotrapwaterintheformofice.Thatfigureis20percentbiggerthanpredictedinthepast,Haynesaid.   JacobBleacheristhechiefexplorationscientistforNASA'sHumanExplorationandOperationsMissionDirectorate.Hetoldreporterstheagencybelievesitisveryimportanttofindoutmoreaboutwherethewatercomesfromandhowaccessibleitis.12.Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedword"validate"inparagraph3?A.Confirm.B.Deny.C.Observe.D.Control.13.Whatcanwelearnaboutcoldtraps?A.Theyexistforarelativelyshorttime.B.There'smuchmovingwater19there.C.Theyareonthesunlitpartofthelunarsurface.D.Thetemperatureisextremelylowthere.14.Whatmaythefutureresearchfocuson?A.Howcoldtrapstakeshape.B.Howtomakeuseofthewater.C.Howwaterisattachedtominerals.D.Howmuchwaterisonthelunarsurface.15.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellinthetext?A.Waterisfoundtoexistonthemoon.B.Moonholdsmorewaterthanexpected.C.Scientistsfoundcoldtrapsonthelunarsurface.D.NASA'sexplorationofthemoonisunderway.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。   We'velongbeentaughtthathelpingothershelpsourselves.AsCharlesDickenswrote,"Nooneisuselessinthisworldwholightenstheburdensofanother."   Sciencehasshownthatunselfishbehaviorsactuallydoimproveourhealth. 16_____Itcanreducetheriskforcognitiveimpairment(认知障碍).Itcanevenhelpuslivelonger.   17_____ A2017studyfoundpainsuffererswhovolunteeredreporteddecreasedpainalongwithanimprovedsenseofpurpose.Anewseriesofstudiesmayhavefoundonereason.Regionsofthebrainthatreacttopainfulstimulationseemtoinstantlydisappearbytheexperienceofgiving.   Inanotherstudy,theresearchersemployedcancerpatientslivingwithpainandaskedthemtocookandcleanforthemselvesorforthebenefitofothersattheirtreatmentcenter. 18_____Whentheydidtheworkfortheirownpersonalbenefit,thepain-relievingeffectwasreducedbyover62%.   Inaddition,thestudyfounditwasthemeaningpeoplegavetotheirgooddeedsthatpredictedhowmuchpainthebrainwouldperceive.Researchersbelieve19themedicineshouldconsiderusingunselfish"supplementtherapies(补充疗法)"totreatpain.19_____ Theactofgivingproducesareducedsenseofpaincombinedwithfeel-goodchemicals—itseemsourbrainsrewardusforhelpingothersevenwhenwe'renotexpectinganythinginreturn.20_____A.Itistrueforvolunteers.B.Helpingothershelpsourselves.C.However,moreresearchisneededabouttheidea.D.Italsoappearsthatgivingcanhelpuscopewithpain.E.Whentheywerehelpingothers,theirpainlevelsdropped.F.Volunteering,forexample,hasbeenshowntoreducestressandimprovedepression.G.Soundslikeagreatreasontoputvolunteeringandothergivingbehavioronyourto-dolist.第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。   IgraduatedwithadegreeinBiologythreeyearsago.Sincethen,Ihave  21  inScienceEducationinhighschool.Iseescienceassomethinglinkedtothe  22  life.   Scienceisnotjustastudyorworkin  23  thatonlyalimitednumberofpeopledo. 24  ,itisrelatedtoourlives,somethingthateveryonecan  25 . Thereisscienceeverywhere.Weshouldbeinterestedandtrytokeepacloserelationshipwithit,soweareabletohaveagood  26  ofwhatishappeningaroundus.Themostimportantissuesdiscussedtodayarein  27  withscience.Wecanthinkaboutfood,climate,energyandmanyotherthings.   Wedon'tneedtobecome  28  tolearnaboutscience.Wejustneedtostop  29  scienceassomethingdifficultand  30  andstartthinkingofitaspartofourownlives.Whenitcomestoscience,I  31  thinkaboutschool.I'malwaysconcernedabouthowtobringscienceto  32  Iexpectstudentscouldbemore  33  aboutscienceiftheycouldseeitthisway.19   Foreveryone,basicknowledgeofscience  34  becauseitmakeslifeeasier,anditgives  35  toallwewonderrelatedtolife.Itgiveswingstoourimaginationandopensdoorstotheworld.21.A.specialized    B.succeeded    C.shared    D.settled22.A.private    B.daily    C.special    D.professional23.A.classrooms    B.studios    C.libraries    D.laboratories24.A.Instead    B.However    C.Therefore    D.Somehow25.A.putaway    B.takeup    C.carryout    D.participatein26.A.forecast    B.chance    C.understanding    D.impression27.A.company    B.cooperation    C.connection    D.comparison28.A.teachers    B.scientists    C.leaders    D.biologists29.A.recognizing    B.regarding    C.recommending    D.reporting30.A.strict    B.serious    C.advanced    D.distant31.A.occasionally    B.hardly    C.instantly    D.gradually32.A.careers    B.classes    C.sections    D.topics33.A.particular    B.positive    C.pleased    D.curious34.A.expands    B.matches    C.19counts    D.varies35.A.answers    B.attention    C.services    D.support第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。   AgrowingnumberofyoungChinesepeoplearelookingtothepastforfashionsuggestions.Ifyoulook36_____ (close)aroundyourcity,youmightspotHanfu,thetraditionalclothingoftheHanethnicgroup.Inareportpublishedrecently,morethan2millionHanfuoutfits37_____ (sell)in2018online.Thenumberofbuyersincreasedby92percent38_____ (compare)tothatin2017,withtheaverageageofbuyerstwenty-one. 39_____hasthistraditionalclothingbecometrendy?Someyoungpeoplesayit'sacostumeforrelaxationandthatdressinginHanfuisawayforthem 40_____(escape)thetroublesofreallife,while 41_____likeHanfubecauseoftheculturebehindit.Theyregardit 42_____awaytoreconnectwithtraditions.Itswidesleeves,crossed 43_____(collar)andflowingrobes(长袍)bringpeoplebacktoancienttimes.That'sprobablywhysomefansbringthetraditionalclothingabroad.Sohureportedonavloggerwhoclimbedthe 44_____(high)mountaininGermanywearingHanfuthissummer.Thisvloggerreceivedpraisefromtourists."ManyChinesepeoplearefondofHanfu,asithelpsthemestablishtheir 45_____(nation)identityandsenseofbelonging,"ZhangYiwu,aprofessoratPekingUniversity,toldChinaDaily.第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，本周日你所在英语社团要去当地文化街进行英语标识勘误活动，请给外籍老师Mr.Smith写封邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括：1.活动目的；2.活动安排；3.发出邀请。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；192.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。   InFebruary,Iwasdiagnosedwithreceptor-positivebreastcancer,oneofthemostcommontypesofbreastcancerfoundtoday.Bythetimemyscheduledoutpatientsurgerytoremovetwotumors(肿瘤)atManhattan'sMountSinaiHospitalonMarch31rolledaround,NewYorkCityhadbeenshutdownfor11days.   Theresults,deliveredsixdaysaftertheprocedureviateleconferencefrommybreastsurgeon,revealednocancerremained.Iwastoldthepost-surgerytreatmentwouldbefiveweeksofradiationtoensurea93%chanceofnocancerrecurrencein10years.MyfamilyhuggedmeasIshouted,"Nochemo(化疗)!"   Butinmid-April,mycasewashandedtoadoctorwhoorderedatestthathelpstopredicttheriskofanearly-stagebreastcancerspreadingtootherpartsofthebody.Unfortunately,Iwasinahighrisk,whichmeantthatbeforeradiationIwouldneedtohaveeightroundsofchemo.Becauseoftherequirementofthechemoaswellasano-companionrulecarriedoutbythehospitalduringthisspecialperiod,Iwouldhavetobeseparatedfromallothers,exceptforthechemotreatmentteam.Andbesidesthelonelinessandphysicalsuffering,Iknewthechemotreatmentswouldalsotakemyhairaway.Thenewsjustfeltsurrealandextremelyterrible.   Iworriedaboutmyfamily,myhealth,andalsomywork.I'vealwaysbeenaTypeA,happiest-pursuing-four-goals-at-a-timekindofperson.Caseinpoint:Onedayaftermybreastsurgery,Ihadalreadypackedmycalendarfullofworkappointments.Thefollowingday,Idecidedthesideeffectsweremanageableenough,andIfellbackintokeepingmyusualpackedroutine.   Asmyworldwaslimitedtoaone-bedroomapartmentandmedicalfacilities,mostofmytimewasspentinrestingandthinking.I'vealwaysbeenpessimistic.19Obviously,havingchemotreatmentsduringsuchatimewasn'tonmywishlistinlife—butIcouldalsochoosetoseemyselftobefortunatetohavetheopportunitytoreceivethetreatmentswithsomany,outsidechallenges.Thethoughtmademefeelbetter.注意：   1.续写词数应为150左右；   2.请按如下格式作答。Paragraph1:   Idecidedtomakemorepositivechanges.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:   What'smore,Ifoundsupportinmychemoteam.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________19答案以及解析第一部分阅读理解第一节A答案：1-3.DDB解析：1.细节理解题。根据CommercialBankingGraduateScheme部分的Location:OurgraduateschemesarebasedinvariouscitiesaroundtheU.K.,includingLondon,Birmingham,EdinburghandBristol.可知,商业银行毕业生计划在伯明翰设有工作地点。故选D项。2.细节理解题。根据RiskManagementGraduateScheme部分的Usingartificialintelligence(AI)tosimplifyourriskmanagementprocesses.可知,工作者可以用人工智能简化风险管理过程。故选D项。3.细节理解题。根据ManufacturingGraduateScheme部分的Tojoinus,it'scrucialthatyouhaveadrivinglicense.可知,申请该计划需要有驾驶执照。故选B项。B答案：4-7ABAB解析：4.细节理解题。根据第二段中的Itsmainjobistogathersoundsandfunnelthemtotheearcanal,whichisthepathwaythatleadstothemiddleear.可知，耳道就是一个通向中耳的路径，故选A项。5.细节理解题。根据第二段中的Themiddleearisseparatedfromtheouterearbytheeardrum可知，中耳和外耳是由鼓膜分开的，故选B项。6.细节理解题。根据倒数第一段中的Ifyourchildhasanytroublewithhearing,turntoyourdoctor.可知，作者建议有听力问题的孩子要向医生求助，故选A项。7.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Teachkidstoprotecttheirhearing和倒数第一段中的Ifyourchildhasanytrouble可知，这篇文章是写给父母的，故选B项。C答案：8-11.BACC解析：8.细节理解题。根据第一段Arecentarticle...saysthatexcessivelightexposureatnightleadstosymptomsofdepressioninmice.19可知,该研究发现老鼠夜间过度暴露在光亮中会变得抑郁,故选B项。9.词义猜测题。前文提到一些健康专家提出夜间过度暴露在光亮中可能使人抑郁,由第一段可知,这种现象在老鼠身上也存在,因此此处是指中国科学家证实了这一点。由此推断verify意为“证实”,而prove意为“证明”,符合题意,故选A项。10.细节理解题。根据第六段Themiceexhibited...decreasedpreferenceinthesugarpreferencetest.可知,经过蓝光照射后,老鼠在糖偏好实验中对糖的兴趣有所减少,故选C项。11.推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,不管是灯光还是电子设备的光,夜间过度暴露在光亮中都会增加抑郁的风险,由此推断我们应该减少夜间对电子设备的使用,故选C项。D答案：12-15ADBB解析：12.根据画线词后的"thepresenceofwatermolecules(分子）onsunlitpartsofthelunarsurface"和第三段最后一句"Thenewresearchprovidesevidencethatthewatermaybesurvivingonsunlitlunarsurfacesbecauseitisattachedtominerals"可知，新的研究为月球表面受阳光照射的地方有水的存在提供了证据，因此NASA得以证实这些地方有水分子的存在，validate表示"证实，确认"，与confirm意思相同。故选A。13.根据第四中的"Thesecondstudycenteredonso-called'coldtraps'...wheretemperaturesarebelowaboutminus160degreesCelsius"可知，这些“冷阱”处于永久的黑暗中，温度约在零下160摄氏度以下，故选D。14.根据最后一段中的“Hetoldreporterstheagencybelievesitisveryimportanttofindoutmoreaboutwherethewatercomesfromandhowaccessibleitis”可知，JacobBleacher告诉记者，NASA认为了解更多关于这些水从哪里来以及如何使用这些水的信息非常重要，故选B。15.通读全文尤其是第一段中的"Themoonmayholdwaterinmoreplaces...inthepast"和第二段中的"Untilabout10yearsago,scientistsbelievedthemoonwasmostlydry"可知，文章主要介绍了科学家的新发现——月球上存在水的地方和数量可能比过去认为的要多，故选B。第二节答案：16-20FDECG解析：16语境&复现推断。根据本段主旨句Sciencehasshownthatunselfishbehavioractuallydoesimproveourhealth.可知,本段介绍无私行为能够改善健康,19因此设空句应与后文相呼应,介绍具体好处。F项(例如,志愿活动已经被证明可以减轻压力并改善抑郁)提到了具体好处,且选项中的Volunteering为前文unselfishbehavior的举例,符合语境。17语境推断。设空句位于本段句首,且根据后文painsuffererswhovolunteeredreporteddecreasedpainalongwithanimprovedsenseofpurpose可知,本段的中心话题应是"无私行为或志愿活动能够缓解疼痛",D项(给予行为似乎也能帮助我们应对疼痛)贴合本段主旨,符合语境。18语境推断。根据前文theresearchersemployedcancerpatientslivingwithpainandaskedthemtocookandcleanforthemselvesorforthebenefitofothersattheirtreatmentcenter和设空处后一句可知,该研究中涉及的活动有两种:为自己或为他人做饭和打扫卫生;当他们为了自己的利益而工作时,缓解疼痛的效果减少了62%以上,因此设空句应介绍为他人做事带来的疼痛缓解效果。E项(当他们帮助别人时,他们的疼痛程度下降了)符合语境。19逻辑推断。前文themedicineshouldconsiderusingunselfish"supplementtherapies"totreatpain提及新的疗法:无私的"补充疗法"。因此设空句应对该疗法进行进一步的解释。C项(然而,这个想法还需要更多的研究)中theidea与前文提及的新疗法相呼应;However与前文形成转折关系,进一步解释了这种想法需要更多的研究,前后衔接紧密,符合语境。20语境&逻辑推断。前文itseemsourbrainsrewardusforhelpingothers提到帮助别人可以带来好处,因此设空句应承接前文,以"帮助别人"为话题,提出"帮助别人"的建议。G项(听起来这是一个把志愿活动和其他给予行为列入你的任务清单的好理由)为提出建议句式,agreatreason指前文提到的帮助别人可以带来好处,前后衔接紧密,符合语境。第二部分语言知识运用第一节答案：21-25ABDAD26-30CCBBD31-35CBDCA解析：21.根据下文的"inScienceEducationinhighschool"可知，作者毕业之后，一直从事科学教育方面的工作。specializein"专攻"，符合语境。succeedin"在……（方面）成功，有作为"；sharein"共同承担，分担"；settlein"定居，适应，习惯"。22.根据语境及下文的"itisrelatedtoourlives"和"Thereisscienceeverywhere"可知,科学无处不在，即科学与我们的日常生活联系在一起。daily"每天的，日常的"。1923.根据语境可知，科学存在于我们的日常生活中，故此处表示它不仅仅是少数人在实验室（laboratories)里做的事情，而是与我们的生活息息相关。24.参见上题解析。instead"而是，反而"。25.此处表示科学与我们的生活息息相关，人人都可以参与到科学中。putaway"把……收起来"；takeup"开始从事"；carryout"实施"；participatein"参与，参加"。26.我们应该对科学产生兴趣，与科学保持密切联系，以便我们能很好地了解周围发生的事。haveagoodunderstandingof"很好地了解"。27.根据上文可知，科学与我们的生活息息相关，无处不在;再根据下文的"Wecanthinkaboutfood,climate,energyandmanyotherthings"可知，食物、气候、能源和许多其他事物都与科学相关。incompanywith"与……一起"；incooperationwith"与……合作"；inconnectionwith"与……有关"；incomparisonwith"与……比较"。28.根据上文的"Wedon'tneedtobecome"及下文的"learnaboutscience"可推断出，此处指我们不需要成为科学家（scientists)来理解科学。29.根据下文的"startthinkingofitaspartofourownlives"可知，此处指我们只需要别把科学视为一件困难和遥远的事，regard...as..."把……看作/视为……"。30.参见上题解析。第一段的"Iseescienceassomethinglinkedtothelife"和空前的连词and是暗示。31.根据上文的"Whenitcomestoscience"和下文的"I'malways...students"可推知，此处指说到科学，作者马上想到了学校。instantly"马上，立刻"。32.根据下文的Iexpectstudents...iftheycouldseeitthisway"可知，作者总是关心如何把科学引入课堂(classes)。33.根据语境可知，作者相信如果学生把科学看作生活的一部分，他们会对科学感到更加好奇（curious)。34.根据下文的"becauseitmakeslifeeasier，and...opensdoorstotheworld"可知，基本的科学知识对每个人都很重要。count"重要"，在这里是熟词新义。35.科学能解答我们探究生命时的疑问，为我们的想象力插上翅膀（即让我们放飞想象力），打开世界的大门。answer"答案"。第二节答案：36closely；37weresold；38compared；39Why；40toescape；41others；42as；43collars；44highest；45national19解析：36考查词性转换。句意为：如果你仔细观察你所在的城市，你可能会注意到汉族人的传统服装——汉服。设空处修饰动词look，应用副词形式。故填closely。37考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。句意为：最近发布的一份报告显示，2018年汉服的网上销量超过200万套。分析句子结构可知，句子主语与谓语动词之间构成被动关系，且根据时间状语in2018可知，应用一般过去时，主语为morethan2millionHanfuoutfits，谓语应用复数形式。故填weresold。38考查非谓语动词。句意为：与2017年相比，买家数量增加了92%，平均年龄为21岁。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词increased，compare与其之间无连词连接，应用非谓语形式，且compare与其逻辑主语Thenumberofbuyers之间构成被动关系，故应用过去分词形式。故填compared。39考查副词。句意为：为什么这种传统服装会流行起来？结合下文和句末的问号可知，此处应是对原因的提问，表示"为什么"，应用疑问副词Why。注意首字母大写。40考查非谓语动词。句意为：一些年轻人说，汉服是一种休闲服装，穿汉服是他们逃避现实生活中的烦恼的一种方式，而另一些人喜欢汉服是因为它背后的文化。分析句子结构可知，escape在句中应用非谓语形式，且名词way后常跟不定式作后置定语，awaytodosth.表示“做某事的一种方法"。故填toescape。41考查代词。句意见上一题解析。根据句意可知，表示"一些人……另一些人……"的短语为somepeople...others...。故填others。42考查介词。句意为：他们将这视为与传统重新联系的一种方式。结合句意可知，此处表示"把……视为……"，其固定搭配为regardsth.as...，故填as。43考查名词单复数。句意为：它宽大的袖子、交叉的衣领和飘逸的长袍使人们有“穿越"回古代之感。collar为可数名词，根据上文中的sleeves以及下文中的robes可知，设空处应用名词的复数形式。故填collars。44考查形容词的比较等级。句意为：搜狐报道了一个视频博主，他今年夏天穿着汉服爬上了德国最高的山。根据空前的定冠词the以及句意可知，此处应用形容词的最高级。故填highest。45考查词性转换。句意为：北京大学教授张颐武在接受《中国日报》采访时表示："许多中国人喜欢汉服，因为它帮助他们确立了民族身份和归属感。"此处应用形容词修饰名词identity。故填national。第三部分写作19第一节DearMr.Smith,   Howareyou?Asyoucansee,fortheconvenienceofforeignfriendscomingtoChina,moreandmorepublicplacesuseEnglishtranslation,butsomemaybemistranslated.   ToimprovetheaccuracyaswellastaketheopportunitytopracticeourEnglish,ourclubintendstoholdanactivitytolookfornon-standardtranslationsonWenhuaStreetandofferoursuggestions.Weplantomeetat9amthisSundayattheeastendofWenhuaStreet.Theactivitywilllastabouttwohours.Ifyouarefree,wehopeyoucancomeandgiveusguidance.   Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua第二节Paragraph1:   Idecidedtomakemorepositivechanges.Idiscoveredmyhairlossdoesn'tmeanI'mnotprettyanymore.Failingtovisitthehairdressers,Idecidedtoshavemyhead.Withtearyeyes,Iwhispered,"Goodbye,myhair.Goodbye,cancer."WhenIlookedinthemirror,Ididn'tseethehairthatwasmissing,buttheconfidenceonmyface.AndwhenIregainedmystrength,insteadofworryingaboutworkarrangements,Ireadorlistenedtopodcasts,whichbecamerarerelaxingtimeforme.Paragraph2:   What'smore,Ifoundsupportinmychemoteam.Initiallynothingfrightenedmeasmuchastheprospectofchemo—especiallywithoutcompanyofalovedone.Butkindnessandsensitivityofthechemocrewwasacomfort.I'daskthenurseswhattheydidintheiroff-time.MyteamwouldclapasI'dtickoffanothercompletedsession.Itreasurethememoryofmyrecentlycompletedfinalsession:wedancedasI"rangthebell"—agraduationceremonymarkingtheendofapatient'scourse19ofchemo.19