统考版2023高考英语一轮复习课时提能练13必修3Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNote含解析新人教版20230238234

课时提能练(十三)必修3　Unit3　TheMillionPoundBankNoteA：知识层面Ⅰ.语境语法填空A(考查派生词)Nowadays,many1．adventurous(adventure)activities,suchasbungeejumpingandrockingclimbing,arebecoming2．unbelievably(believably)popular,especiallyamongteenagers.Suchactivitiesoftentakeplaceinsome3．scenic(scene)spots.Somepeoplesayadventureshelpthembuildupcourageaswellas4．patience(patient).ButIamworriedaboutthem,becauseany5．faulty(fault)operationmaycauseinjuriesordeaths.Worsestill,somefacilitiesaresetupwithoutgaining6．permission(permit),leadingtopotentialsafetyrisks.B(考查动词)Onedaywhile7．wandering(wander)alongthestreetwithmywife,Isuddenly8．spotted(spot)amiddleagedmandressedinragsatacorner,holdingapieceofpaperthatsaid,“9．Seeking(seek)ajobtofeedmyfamily！”Icameovertohim,10．stared(stare)athisfaceforamomentandaskedwhathadhappened.Hesaidhehadbeenoutofworkforyears,which11．accounted(account)forhiscurrentpoverty.Hehadfivechildrenathome,12．screaming(scream)forfoodandclothing.Isighed,decidingtooffersomehelp.C(考查句型)Alicewassleepingheavilyinbedwhenshefoundherself13．trapped(trap)inabigfire.Shegotupquicklyandrushedoutofthehouse.Shehadjustleftthehouse14．whenitfellapart,burnedtotheground.Thefirelastedtwohoursbeforefirefightersarrived.Seeing15．whatwasleftofherhouseafterthefire,Aliceburstintotears.Toherrelief,anironboxwasfound16．lying(lie)undertheruins,whichcontainedherdiamondrings,goldnecklacesandsomeotherjewels.Ⅱ.语境短文改错(短文中有5处错误)Awomaninaredcoatcameintoasupermarket.Soonshefoundherselfwaslostinthebroadrangeofitems.Sheseemedtobelookingforapairofshoes,butneitherwassatisfactory.Womentendtohavenospecifictargetwhentheyareshoppingaround.Aswiththiswoman,therewasnoexception.Shewalkedroundthemarket,stoppinghereandthereforwhicheverinterestedher.Althoughshewastiredafter2hours,shelostnoneofhisenthusiasmaboutshopping.\n【答案】　Awomaninaredcoatcameintoasupermarket.Soonshefoundherselflostinthebroadrangeofitems.Sheseemedtobelookingforapairofshoes,butwassatisfactory.Womentendtohavenospecifictargetwhentheyareshoppingaround.Asthiswoman,therewasnoexception.Shewalkedroundthemarket,stoppinghereandthereforinterestedher.Althoughshewastiredafter2hours,shelostnoneofenthusiasmaboutshopping.Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子1．来到以后，他发现所有的工作都完成了。Whenhearrived，hefoundalltheworkfinished．2．我们的任务刚完成机器就坏了。Wehadjustfinishedthetaskwhenthemachinebrokedown.3．没有冒险精神的人一生将难有大的作为。Thosewhodarenottakeachancewillnotbeabletoachievemuchintheirlife.4．我们通常轮流打扫房间，今天轮到我了。Weusuallytaketurnstoclean/cleaningtheroom，andtodayitismyturntodoit.5．在街上盯着外国游客看是不礼貌的。It'simpolitetostareatforeignvisitorsinthestreet.B：能力层面Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·深圳市普通高中统一测试)Inthewinterof1664—65，thebittercoldfellonLondoninthedaysbefore25December.Abovethecity，anunusuallybrightcomet(彗星)shotacrossthesky，excitingmuchpredictionofasnowstorm.Outsidethecitywall，awoman'sdeathwasannouncedandshediedofadiseasethatwasspreadinginthatarea.Herhousewaslockedup.Followingthat，thevirusthathadkilledthewomanwouldgoontokillnearly100，000peoplelivinginandaroundLondon—almostathirdofthosewhodidnotflee.InTheGreatPlague(瘟疫):TheStoryofLondon'sMostDeadlyYear，historian\nA．LloydMooteandmicrobiologistDorothyC．Mooteprovideadeeplyinformedaccountofthisplagueyear.Readingthebook，readersaretakenfromthepalacesofthecity'swealthiestcitizenstothepoorareaswherethevastmajorityofLondonerswereliving，andtothesurroundingcountryside.TheMootespointoutthat，evenattheheightoftheplague，thecitydidnotfallintochaos.Doctorsandnursesremainedinthecitytocareforthesick；cityofficialstriedtheirbesttofightthecrisiswithallthelegaltools；andcommercecontinuedevenasbusinessesshutdown.TodescribelifeanddeathinandaroundLondon，theauthorsfocusontheexperiencesofnineindividuals.Throughtheirlettersanddiaries，theMootesofferfreshdescriptionsofkeyissuesinthehistoryoftheGreatPlague:howdifferentcommunitiesunderstoodandexperiencedthedisease；howmedicalandgovernmentbodiesreacted；howwellthesocialorderheldtogether；theeconomicandmoraldilemmaspeoplefacedwhendebatingwhethertofleethecity；andthenatureofthematerial，social，andspiritualresourcessupportingthosewhoremained.Basedonhumanity(人性)，theauthorsofferamasterfulportraitofacityanditsinhabitantswhowereattackedbyanddaringlyresistedunimaginablehorror.【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了TheGreatPlague：TheStoryofLondon'sMostDeadlyYear这本书的主要内容以及作者描述伦敦大瘟疫这个历史事件时所采用的写作方法。1．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?A．Acometalwaysfollowsastorm.B．Londonwasunderanapproachingthreat.C．Londonwaspreparedforthedisease.D．Thewomanwasthebeginningofthedisease.B　[推理判断题。根据第一段第三句“Outsidethecitywall，awoman'sdeathwasannouncedandshediedofadiseasethatwasspreadinginthatarea”并结合语境可知，当时在伦敦市外，一种致命的疾病正在传播。由此可以推断出，伦敦正面临着一种即将到来的威胁，故选B。]2．WhatdotheMootessayaboutLondonduringtheGreatPlague?A．Thecityremainedorganized.B．Theplaguesparedtherichareas.C．Thepeopletriedalotinvain.D．Themajorityfledandthussurvived.A　[细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“TheMootespointoutthat，evenattheheightoftheplague，thecitydidnotfallintochaos”可知，两位作者指出，\n即使在瘟疫高峰之时，伦敦市也没有陷入混乱。该段第四句又列举了这个城市保持井然有序的具体体现，故选A。]3．WhydotheMootesfocusonthenineindividuals?A．Theywerefamouspeopleinhistory.B．Theyallmanagedtosurvivetheplague.C．Theyprovidedvividstoriesofhumanity.D．Theyunitedbythinkingandactingasone.C　[推理判断题。根据第四段的内容，尤其是最后一句“Basedonhumanity(人性)，theauthorsofferamasterfulportraitofacityanditsinhabitantswhowereattackedbyanddaringlyresistedunimaginablehorror”可知，以人性为基础，作者巧妙地描绘了伦敦市的情况及其居民受到难以想象的恐惧的袭击并勇敢地抵抗这种恐惧的情况，结合该段第一句可推知，作者关注这九个人是因为这九个人提供了生动的人性故事，故选C。]4．What'sthepurposeofthistext?A．Tointroduceanewbook.B．Tocorrectamisunderstanding.C．Toreportanewstudy.D．Toshowrespectfortheauthors.A　[写作目的题。文章第一和第二段描述了瘟疫爆发时的情景，由此引出了第三和第四段对TheGreatPlague：TheStoryofLondon'sMostDeadlyYear这本书的介绍。由此可知，本文的写作目的是介绍一本新书，故选A。]B(2020·湖南省六校联考)Oneinfivewomenandoneineightmenarebecomingmoretiredandlessproductive，accordingtoanewAustralianstudyonmobilephoneuse.LedbytheQueenslandUniversityofTechnologyinAustralia，researcherssurveyed709mobilephoneusersacrossthecountryaged18to83andaskedthemaseriesofquestionsbasedonasimilarstudy13yearsago.Identifyingaphenomenon“technoference(科技干扰)”，researchersdiscoveredasignificantincreaseinpeopleblamingtheirdevicesfor“losingsleep，becominglessproductiveandevengettingmoreachesandpains”．Accordingtothestudy'sleadauthorDrOscar，theissueissobadthat24percentofwomenand15percentofmenarenowconsideredtobe“problematicmobilephoneusers”．“Whenwetalkabouttechnoferencewe'rereferringtotheeverydayintrusions(侵扰)andinterruptionsthatpeopleexperienceduetomobilephonesandtheir\nusage，”hesaid.“Oursurveyfoundtechnoferencehadincreasedamongmenandwomen.Forexample，reportsrelatingtothelossofsleepandproductivityshowedthatthesenegativeoutcomeshadsignificantlyincreasedduringthelast13years.Thisfindingsuggeststhatmobilephonesarepotentiallyincreasinglyaffectingaspectsofdaytimefunctioningduetolackofsleep.”Comparedtoa2005study，“technoference”issuesfor18to24yearoldsexperiencedasurprising40.9percentrise，whilethoseaged25to29alsorecordedadramaticincreaseof23.5percent.Oscarsaidthatwiththenumberofsmartphoneusersaroundtheworldexpectedtosurpass2.5billionbeforetheendofthisyear，theproblemof“technoference”couldgetevenworse.“Thespeedanddepthofsmartphonetakeupmakeourpopulationparticularlyvulnerabletosomeofthenegativeconsequencesofhighmobilephoneuse，”hesaid.“Rapidtechnologicalinnovationshaveledtodramaticchangesintoday'smobilephonetechnology，whichcanimprovethequalityoflifeforphoneusersbutalsoresultinsomenegativeoutcomes.”【语篇解读】　据澳大利亚一项关于使用手机的研究表明，智能手机让人更累、效率更低。5．Howarepeopleaffectedbytechnoferenceaccordingtothetext?A．Itmakespeopleaddictedtocommunicatingonline.B．Itpushespeopletoworkatafastpace.C．Itcausespeopletosleeplessatnight.D．Itbringsnegativeoutcomestopeopleofallages.C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“blamingtheirdevicesfor‘losingsleep...achesandpains’”可知，科技干扰导致用户睡眠减少，故选C。]6．Whichgrouparemostinfluencedbysmartphones?A．Youngwomen.B．Youngmen.C．Children.D．Seniors.A　[细节理解题。根据第一段和第三段第一句中的“24percentofwomenand15percentofmen”可知，受手机影响的女士多于男士；又根据第四段的内容可知受手机影响的年轻人居多，把这两者联系起来可知，选项A正确。]7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vulnerable”inParagraph5probablymean?A．Widelyspread.　　　　　B．Deeplydevoted.C．Easilyhurt.　　　　　　　\nD．Absolutelyaccustomed.C　[词义猜测题。根据上文可知，手机对用户的影响越来越大，联系画线词所在句中的“thenegativeconsequencesofhighmobilephoneuse”可知，智能手机的普及速度和深度使人们尤其易于受到负面影响。故选C。]8．Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A．Theincreasingsideeffectsofsmartphones.B．Waystosolvethetechnoferenceproblem.C．Smartphonesandpeople'shappiness.D．Thepopularityofsmartphones.A　[主旨大意题。根据文中的“moretiredandlessproductive”“affectingaspectsofdaytimefunctioning”“someofthenegativeconsequencesofhighmobilephoneuse”等，并结合文章其他内容可知，本文介绍了智能手机给人们带来的负面影响，故选A。]Ⅱ.完形填空(2020·陕西省百校联盟一模)Iwascyclingandnoticedaperson，aboutaquarterofakilometerinfrontofme.Icouldtellhewascyclingalittleslowerthanmeand1totrytocatchupwithhim.Ihadaboutakilometertogoontheroad2turningoff.SoI3cyclingfasterandfasterandevery4，Iwasgainingonhimjustalittlebit.AfterjustafewminutesIwasonlyabout100yards5him，soIreallypickedupthepaceand6myself.Youwouldhave7IwascyclinginthelastsectionoftheLondonOlympictriathlon.8Icaughtupwithhimandpassedbyhim.OntheinsideIfeltso9．Ibeathim，ofcourse，buthedidn'tevenknowwewere10．AfterIpassedhim，I11thatIhadbeensofocusedoncompetingagainsthimthatIhad12myturn.Ihadgonenearlysixblockspastitandhadtoturnaroundandgoallthewayback.Isn'tthatwhathappensinlifewhenwe13competingwithcoworkers，neighbors，andfriends，tryingto14thatwearemoresuccessfulormoreimportant?Wespendourtimeand15chasingafterthemandwemissoutonourown16toourfuture.The17ofunhealthycompetitionisthatit'saneverending18．Andtherewillalwaysbesomebodyaheadofyou，someonewitha19job，moremoneyandmoreeducation，etc.Therefore，justtakewhatlifehasgivenyou，yourheight，weightand\npersonality.Stayfocusedandliveapeacefullife.There'sno20inlife.Runyourownraceandwishotherswell!【语篇解读】　有一次骑自行车时，我注意到前方不远处也有人在骑车。为了超过前面的人，我加快了骑车速度，之后虽然赶上了他，却错过了自己的转弯处。人生也是如此，不要总是关注和同事、邻居、朋友之间的竞争，总会有人比你有更好的工作、更多的钱、接受更多的教育。走好自己的路，人生本没有“竞争”。1．A.failedB．decided　　C．agreed　D．forgotB　[根据语境和下文的“Icaughtupwithhim”可知，我看到前面有一个骑自行车的人比我骑得慢，我决定追上他。]2．A.beforeB．after　　　　C．unlessD．whenA　[根据下文“我”错过转弯处要原路返回可知，此处表示在转弯之前，我还要走大约一公里。]3．A.stopped　B．enjoyed　C．started　D．regrettedC　[根据上文可知，我想赶上前面骑自行车的人，所以我开始越骑越快。]4．A.way　B．block　　　C．step　　D．timeB　[根据下文第四段尾句中的“sixblocks”并结合常识可知，每经过一个街区，我都接近他一点。]5．A.apartfromB．above　　　C．aheadofD．behindD　[根据上文我渐渐接近他可知，几分钟后，我只距离他身后大约100码。]6．A.comfortedB．protectedC．pushed　D．supportedC　[根据语境可知，几分钟后，我只落后他100码左右，所以我加快了速度，给自己加把劲。pushoneself意为“给某人加把劲”。]7．A.thought　B．rememberedC．dreamt　D．hopedA　[根据上文我追赶前面骑自行车的人的内容可知，此处表示你会以为我是在伦敦奥运会铁人三项赛的最后一段比赛中骑自行车。]8．A.ApparentlyB．Surprisingly　C．FortunatelyD．Finally\nD　[根据上文我努力加快骑车速度要赶上前面的人可知，此处表示我终于赶上并超过了他。]9．A.calm　　B．lucky　　C．astonishedD．goodD　[根据上文可知，我终于赶上了他，据此可推知，我感觉很好。]10．A.racingB．exercising　C．celebratingD．cyclingA　[根据语境可知，我是暗中加快速度超过一个偶然遇到的人，所以此处表示他不知道我们在比赛。A项意为“比赛”，故A项正确。]11．A.believedB．expectedC．realizedD．understoodC　[根据语境和下文作者要原路返回可知，超过他后，我才意识到我太关注和他之间的竞赛，错过了拐弯的地方。]12．A.escapedB．missed　C．madeD．lostB　[参见上题解析。]13．A.worryaboutB．careforC．dependonD．focusonD　[根据第四段第一句中的“focusedon”并结合语境可知，此处表示在生活中我们也是专注于与同事、邻居和朋友之间的竞争，试图证明我们更成功或更重要。]14．A.prove　　B．declare　C．explain　D．informA　[参见上题解析。]15．A.tears　　B．money　　　C．energy　D．painC　[根据该句中的“ourtimeand”并结合常识可知，此处表示我们花费时间和精力追赶他人，而错过了自己的未来之路。]16．A.paths　　B．entrancesC．plansD．barriersA　[参见上题解析。]17．A.task　B．difficultyC．problemD．goalC　[根据该句中的“unhealthycompetition”和空后一句可推知，不良竞争的问题在于那无穷尽的循环。]\n18．A.movementB．cycle　　C．event　　D．routineB　[参见上题解析。]19．A.steadyB．suitable　　C．temporaryD．betterD　[根据该句中的“moremoneyandmoreeducation”可知，空处应为形容词比较级形式。此处表示总会有人在你的前面，他们有更好的工作、更多的钱、受过更多的教育等等。]20．A.mistake　B．competitionC．pressureD．challengeB　[根据空后一句可知，参加你自己的赛跑，同时祝福别人；又结合本文的主题“竞争”可知，此处表示生活中没有竞争。]