统考版2023高考英语一轮复习课时提能练18必修4Unit3AtasteofEnglishhumour含解析新人教版20230238239

课时提能练(十八)必修4　Unit3　AtasteofEnglishhumourA：知识层面Ⅰ.语境语法填空A(考查派生词)Alvinwasafilm1．director(direct)whowonanOscar5yearsago.2．Unfortunately(fortune)hediedsuddenlyatage53．Thenewscameasan3．astonishment(astonish)tomanyfilmfans.Hisdoctorcouldn'tgivean4．explanation(explain)ofhowhedied.Alvin,amanwitha5．humorous(humor)personality,was6．particularly(particular)goodatinspiringactresses.Hisfirstfilm,towhichpeople's7．reaction(react)wasnotstrong,wasconsideredtobea8．failure(fail).However,hiscareertookoffsoonafterthatthoughhehada9．messy(mess)privatelife.Hedirectedquiteafewfilmsthatarestillenjoyinggreatpopularity.Hisdeathisreallyaheavyblowtothe10．entertainment(entertain)industry.B(考查动词)LiuQian,amagician,hasaparticularway11．toentertain(entertain)hisaudience.Whatappealstotheviewersmostishis12．astonishing(astonish)skillswhenheperformedonstage.Allofthem,who13．areovercome(overcome)withsurprise,can'thelp14．reacting(react)withgaspsandscreamstohisperformance.15．Amused(amuse)byhistricks,manyofhisfansarestilltryingtoworkoutthesecrets.Thoughnot16．convinced(convince)ofwhatthey'veseen,theyarealwayswonderinghowthemagicianmakestheimpossiblepossible.C(考查句型)Ifoundithard17．tofit(fit)inwithmynewclass,whichdepressedmeverymuch.Ihadtried18．wearing(wear)asmileandsoundingfriendly,butitdidn'twork.Yesterday,Icameintotheclassroomwithanewhairstyle.Tomysurprise,allboyscameuptogreetme,asifwe19．hadbeen(be)goodfriendsforyears.“Itisthe20．coolest(cool)hairstylewehaveeverseen，”theytoldme.21．Asyoucanexpect,wefoundacommontopic,22．making(make)mebecomeonewithmyclassmatessoon.Inreality,thingsalwayshappenoutofexpectation.Ⅱ.语境短文改错(短文中有5处错误)Abankwasbrokenintolastnight.Withthecasetolookintoit,localpolicewillhaveabusyandhardtime.Thoughtheyoftenwornout,theyneverfeelboredwiththeirwork.Itisnotthattheyarespecialandthattheyareresponsiblefor\ntheirjob.Somepolicemenevengotkilledorbadlyinjuredtriedtoarrestcriminals.Istillrememberanoccasionwhenayoungpolicemancaughtanaggressiverobberintheriskofhisownlife.【答案】　Abankwasbrokenintolastnight.Withthecasetolookinto，localpolicewillhaveabusyandhardtime.Thoughtheyoftenwornout,theyneverfeelboredwiththeirwork.Itisnotthattheyarespecialthattheyareresponsiblefortheirjob.Somepolicemenevengotkilledorbadlyinjuredtoarrestcriminals.Istillrememberanoccasionwhenayoungpolicemancaughtanaggressiverobbertheriskofhisownlife.Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子1．在很多领域人工智能已经取代人类，使得我们的工作更容易、更高效。AIhasreplacedhumansinmanyareasofourlife，makingourworkeasierandmoreefficient．2．他夸夸其谈，好像什么都知道似的。Hetalksbigasifhekneweverything．3．常言道：“好的开始是成功的一半”。Asthesayinggoes，“Agoodbeginningishalfthebattle”．4．一听到闹钟响，我就跳下了床。AssoonasIheardmyalarmclock，Ijumpedoutofbed.5．我发现很难适应新的班级，这令我非常沮丧。Ifoundithardtofitinwithmynewclass，whichreallydepressedme.B：能力层面Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2019·福州四校联考)Theideathatyoucanusehumor，laughter，andplaytomakeyouhealthierprobablyseemstoosimpletobetrue.However，itisreallytrueandsimple.Thesenseofhumor，laughterandplayplaysanimportantpartinkeepingyouhealthy.Treattheblueswithasenseofhumor，whichiscloselytiedtolaughter.Laughterisinfectious．Haveyoueverheardabiglaughofayoungchildandbeenabletokeep\nyourselffromsmiling?Whenlaughterissharedbetweenpeople，itmakesthemclosertoeachotherandincreasestheirhappiness.Smilingisthebeginningoflaughterandasmileisalsojustasinfectiousaslaughteris.Youcanexperiencesomethingbysmilingateveryonearoundyou，andyouwillfeelhappierjustbysharingasmile，evenwithastranger.Playisanimportantpartofmakingsurethatwestayhealthy.Weareoftenencouragedtomakesureourchildrenplay，andaretoldofthebenefitsofbeingoutplaying.However，whatweoftenforgetisthatitisjustasimportantforoldpeopletomakeplaybepartoftheirlifeasit'sforchildren.Physicalplayisimportantfortheoldanditcertainlyhelpspreventillness.Whilethestudiesarestillintheearlystages，thestudiesthathavebeendonehaveshownthatphysicalplaycertainlyplaysapartinpreventingcognitive(认知的)falling.Anyway，addinghumor，laughter，andplaytoourlifewillinfluenceusmentally，physicallyandsociallyandbringusmanyadvantages.Soweshouldmakefulluseofhumor，laughterandplaytomakeourlifemoreactive，moreinterestingandhappier.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了幽默、大笑和玩耍给人们的健康带来的好处。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“infectious”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Playinganimportantrole.B．Keepingpeopleinhighspirits.C．Quicklyinfluencingotherpeople.D．Preventingillnessfromspreading.C　[词义猜测题。根据第二段第四句“Whenlaughterissharedbetweenpeople，itmakesthemclosertoeachotherandincreasestheirhappiness”可知，当人们分享笑容时，人们的关系更亲密，人们也会更加快乐。故infectious在此处意思为迅速影响其他人。]2．Whatcanlaughterincreaseaccordingtotheauthor?A．Cognitiveability.B．Goodrelationships.C．Asenseofhumor.D．Happinessandtrust.B　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Whenlaughterissharedbetweenpeople，itmakesthemclosertoeachotherandincreasestheirhappiness...andyouwillfeelhappierjustbysharingasmile，evenwithastranger”可知，\n在作者看来大笑能使人们之间的关系更亲密。]3．Whatdoestheauthorthinktheoldshoulddo?A．Theyshouldhaveagoodrest.B．Theyshouldplaylikechildren.C．Theyshouldpreventcognitivefalling.D．Theyshouldtakepartinphysicalplay.D　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“However，whatweoftenforgetisthatitisjustasimportantforoldpeopletomakeplaybepartoftheirlifeasit'sforchildren.Physicalplayisimportantfortheoldanditcertainlyhelpspreventillness”可知，作者认为老年人应该参与身体活动。]4．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Humor，LaughterandPlayforHealthB．AlwaysKeepOurBodyHealthyC．HaveanActiveandHappyLifeD．LetOurBodyandMindRelaxA　[主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Anyway，addinghumor，laughter，andplaytoourlifewillinfluenceusmentally，physicallyandsociallyandbringusmanyadvantages.Soweshouldmakefulluseofhumor，laughterandplaytomakeourlifemoreactive，moreinterestingandhappier”可知，这篇文章的主旨是幽默、大笑和玩耍有利于健康。]B(2020·广州市调研测试)Sleep，consideredaluxurybymany，isessentialforaperson'swellbeing.Researchershavefoundthatinsufficientsleepandtirednessincreaseaperson'sriskofdevelopingseveremedicalconditions，suchasobesity(肥胖症)，highbloodsugarlevels，andheartdisease.Now，anewstudyhasfoundthatgettingsufficientsleepisalsothekeytoimprovingacademicperformance.JeffreyGross，theuniversityscienceprofessorwholedtheresearch，wasnottryingtofindtherelationshipbetweensleepandgradeswhenhehandedoutsmartwatchestothe100studentsinhischemistryclass.Instead，theprofessorhopedthewristworndevices，whichtrackaperson'sphysicalactivity，wouldshowaconnectionbetweenexerciseandacademicachievements.WhileGross'sdatashowednorelationshipbetweenthesetwofactors，thestudyfoundsomethingsurprising.Astheresearcherswereanalyzingtheirdata，theynoticedthattherewasalinear(线性的)relationshipbetweentheaverageamountofsleepthe\nstudentsgotandtheirresultsinthecourse's11quizzes，threemidtermtests，andthefinalexam.Evenmoreinteresting，itwasnotsufficientforstudentstojustheadtobedearlythenightbeforeatest.Instead，it'sthesleepyougetduringthedayswhenlearningishappeningthatmattersmost.Whenstudentswenttobedeachnightwassimilarlyimportant.Thosewhowenttobedintheearlyhoursofthemorningperformedpoorly，evenifthetotalsleeptimewasthesameasahigherperformingstudent.“Whenyougotobedmatters，”Grosssays.“Ifyougotobedat10，or12，or1atnight，andsleepforsevenhours，yourperformanceisthesame.Butifyougotobedafter2，yourperformancestartstogodownevenifyougetthesamesevenhours'sleep.So，quantityisn'teverything.”Perhapsthemostinterestingwasthehugeimpactthatsmalldifferencesinsleeppatternshadonthestudents'grades.Theoverallcoursegradesofstudentsaveragingsixandahalfhoursofsleepeachnightwere25%lowerthanstudentswhoaveragedjustonehourmoresleep.Similarly，studentswhovariedtheirbedtimebyevenonehoureachnighthadgradesthatdropped45%belowthosewithmoreregularbedtime.WhoknewgettingstraightA'sjustrequiredsomeextrasleep?【语篇解读】　一项新的研究发现，每天在恰当的时间段内进行充足的睡眠是提高学业成绩的关键。5．Basedonhisoriginalobjective，whichbestdescribesProfessorGross'sresearchfindings?A．Accidental.　B．Complete.C．Convincing.　　　　D．Doubtful.A　[细节理解题。根据第二段的内容以及第三段第一句“WhileGross'sdatashowednorelationshipbetweenthesetwofactors，thestudyfoundsomethingsurprising”可知，Gross给自己班里的100名学生分发智能手表是打算研究运动与学业成绩之间的联系，但是Gross搜集到的数据没有表明二者之间的联系，不过该研究有意外的发现。故选A。]6．Whowerethepeopletakingpartinthestudy?A．Middleschoolchemistrystudents.B．Volunteersfromdifferentuniversities.C．ProfessorGross'sownstudents.D．Universitystudentathletes.C　[细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“hehandedoutsmartwatchestothe100studentsinhischemistryclass”可知，参加研究的是Gross自己的学生。故选C。]\n7．HowdidProfessorGross'steammeasurestudents'academicperformance?A．Makingthestudentswearspecialwatches.B．Usingstudents'universityentrancetestresults.C．Givingthestudentsregularquizzesafterclass.D．Usingthestudents'normaltestandquizgrades.D　[细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Astheresearcherswereanalyzingtheirdata...theirresultsinthecourse's11quizzes,threemidtermtests，andthefinalexam”可知，当研究人员分析他们的数据时，他们注意到学生的平均睡眠时间与他们在这门课的11次小测验、3次期中考试和期末考试中的成绩之间存在线性关系。由此可知，Gross教授的团队是使用学生平常的测试与小测验成绩来衡量学生的学业表现的。故选D。]8．Basedonthestudy'sfindings，whoislikelytoperformbestacademically?A．Astudentwhohasagoodnight'ssleepthenightbeforeanimportanttest.B．Astudentwhosenormalbedtimevariesbetween9p．m.and12p．m.C．Astudentwhosleepsfrom11p．m.to6a．m.eachday.D．Astudentwhosleepsforatotalof7hourseachnight.C　[推理判断题。根据第五段的内容可知，什么时候去睡觉很重要，如果你晚上10点、12点或1点睡觉，睡7个小时，你的表现是一样的；但是如果你在2点以后睡觉，即使你同样睡了7个小时，你的表现也会开始下降。且根据第六段最后一句可知，有规律的就寝时间也很重要。由此可推知，每天从晚上11点睡到早上6点的学生，其学业表现可能最好。故选C。]【干扰项分析】　根据第四段第一句中的“itwasnotsufficient...beforeatest”可知，A项错误。Ⅱ.完形填空(2020·贵阳市四校联合考试四)Therearealwayssomeunforgettablethingsinone'slife.Andindeed，mymostunforgettableexperiencehappenedaftermygraduation.“Everythinghappensforthebest”，mymothersaidwheneverIfaced1．“Ifyou2on，somethinggoodwillhappensomeday.”Motherwasright，asI3aftergraduatingfromcollege.I4tobeasportsannouncer.SoIwenttoChicagotoknockonthedoorofeverystationandwas5everytime.Inonestation，akindladytoldmethat6stationswouldn'temployapersonwithout7．“Sinceyouhavejustgraduated，findasmallstationthatmightgiveyouachance，”shesaid.IreturnedtoDixon，whereIhadfinishedmyhighschooleducationandhad8fortheschoolfootballteam.Myfathersaidthatourtownhadbuiltastoreandwantedamanto9itssportsdepartment.Thejobsoundedjust10formebutIwasn't\nhired.Mydisappointmenthad11again.“Everythinghappensforthebest.”Mom12me.Dadlentmehiscartolookforajob.ItriedWOCinDavenport.Theprogramdirectortoldme13hadalreadyhireda(n)14．AsIlefthisoffice，Iaskedaloud，“15canafellowgettobeasportsannouncerifhecan'tgetajobinaradiostation？”Suddenly，Iheardthedirector16，“Doyouknowanythingaboutfootball？”Thenhemademestandbeforeamicrophoneandaskedmeto17animaginarygame.Itwaseasy，andIdiditwithout18．Thedirectorwas19andtoldmeIwouldbebroadcastingagameonthe20Saturday.【语篇解读】　我的母亲总是对我说，一切都会好起来的。我大学毕业后想做一名体育运动广播员，可是由于没有工作经验，我四处碰壁。在达文波特WOC电台求职时，主管终于给了我一次试播的机会，我一举成功。1．A.disappointmentB．excitementC．encouragement　　　　D．sadnessA　[根据下文中的“Mydisappointment”并结合语境可知，此处表示在我面临失望时，我的妈妈总是安慰我说，一切都会好起来的，如果你继续坚持，终有一天好事会发生。]2．A.putB．take　　　　C．move　D．carryD　[参见上题解析。carryon为固定搭配，意为“继续做，坚持干”。]3．A.recoveredB．discovered　C．recognizedD．developedB　[根据该句中的“Motherwasright”和下文我求职四处碰壁而终获成功可知，在我大学毕业后我发现(discovered)妈妈的话是对的。]4．A.started　B．determinedC．seemedD．agreedB　[根据语境和空后一句表述的我为此四处求职可知，我决心做一名体育运动广播员。]5．A.invited　B．promisedC．turneddownD．turnedupC　[根据下文中的“youhavejustgraduated，findasmallstation”可知，大的电台不招聘没有经验的人，据此可推知，我去芝加哥每一个电台求职，但每次都被拒绝了；C项意为“拒绝”，故C项正确。]6．A.large　　B．all　　　　　C．no　　　　D．smallA　[参见上题解析。]\n7．A.experienceB．examinationC．agreementD．graduationA　[参见第5题解析。]8．A.played　B．sought　　C．votedD．foughtA　[根据该句中的“fortheschoolfootballteam”可知，我加入校足球队参赛；play意为“参加比赛”，故A项正确。]9．A.own　B．manage　C．report　　D．enterB　[根据语境可知，我父亲说我们镇上建了一家百货商店，想要一个人来管理它的体育部。]10．A.right　　B．possible　　C．successfulD．importantA　[根据该句中的“butIwasn'thired”并结合语境可知，这项工作听起来很适合我，但是我还是没被录用；A项意为“合适的”，符合语境，故A项正确。]11．A.shownB．disappearedC．resultedD．turnedA　[根据上文我没有被录用可知，我又面临失望了。A项意为“显示出，流露出”，符合语境，故A项正确。]12．A.woke　　B．advised　C．demandedD．remindedD　[根据语境可知，当我失望时，妈妈提醒(reminded)我说，一切都会好起来的。]13．A.our　B．they　　　　C．we　　D．sheB　[根据语境并结合上文中的“WOCinDavenport”可知，达文波特WOC电台的节目主管告诉我说他们已经聘用了一个广播员，故B项正确。]14．A.announcerB．directorC．managerD．sportsmanA　[根据第二段及空后一句中的“asportsannouncer”可推知，此处指广播员，故A项正确。]15．A.WhatB．How　　　　C．WheneverD．WhereverB　[根据语境可知，在我离开时，我大声问道，一个在广播电台找不到工作的家伙怎样才能成为体育运动广播员。故B项正确。]\n16．A.callingB．answeringC．broadcasting　　　　　　D．announcingA　[根据上文中的“Iaskedaloud”，并结合该句中的“Suddenly，Iheardthedirector”可知，针对我大声地提问，主管大声说，“你了解足球吗？”A项意为“大声说”，符合语境，故A项正确。]17．A.makeB．act　　　C．broadcastD．playC　[根据该句中的“Thenhemademestandbeforeamicrophone”可推知，然后他让我站到麦克风前广播一场想象中的比赛。C项意为“广播”，故C项正确。]18．A.permissionB．difficultyC．doubtD．considerationB　[根据该句中的“Itwaseasy”可推知，广播一场想象中的比赛对于我来说没有困难。]19．A.moved　B．sorry　　C．thankful　D．satisfiedD　[根据该句中的“andtoldmeIwouldbebroadcastingagame”可推知，主管对我的表现感到满意，让我在下周六广播一场比赛。]20．A.futureB．coming　C．last　　D．lateB　[参见上题解析。B项意为“即将发生的，下一个的”，故B项正确。]