统考版2023高考英语一轮复习课时提能练19必修4Unit4Bodylanguage含解析新人教版20230238240

课时提能练(十九)必修4　Unit4　BodylanguageA：知识层面Ⅰ.语境语法填空A(考查派生词)Aterroristattackkilled14peopleandinjuredmoreinNewYork.ThePresidentdecidedtoflytheretofigureoutthe1．truth(true).Whenhearrivedattheairportwithaserious2．facial(face)expression,scoresofpeople,the3．majority(major)journalists,soonstoodaroundhim,manyovercomewithpainand4．anger(angry).Beforeboardingthe5．flight(fly)toNewYork,thePresidentmadea6．statement(state)thathewouldneverhesitatetousemilitarypower,ifnecessary,in7．defence(defend)ofthenation'ssecurity.Headdedthatanyindividualororganizationhavingsome8．association(associate)withterroristgroupswouldfaceseverepunishment.B(考查动词)AfterclassIcame9．dashing(dash)downthestairstotheschoolgate,whereasimplewelcomingceremonywouldtakeplace.ThreeotherstudentsandIwerepickedout10．torepresent(represent)ourschooltoreceivetheguestsfromChina.Asthey11．wereapproaching(approach),wequickenedourstepsforward12．togreet(greet)them.WehadlearnedthatChineseculturedifferedfromours.13．Hugging(hug)comesnaturallyinourcountry,14．functioning(function)asasymbolofthewarmestwelcome.Butthatdayweshookhandsaswesaidhellotoeachother.C(考查句型)Theallfemaleshipcrewmadehistorybybecomingthefirst15．tosail(sail)roundtheworld.Thewomancaptainwasstrongminded.Onceshemadeaschedule,shewouldn'tpermitanychangetoit,16．nor/neitherwouldshegiveitevenathought.Onenight,thecrewmetastrongwindatsea,whichwasverylikely17．toturn(turn)overtheirship.Thecaptainstoodfirmlyontheshipasif18．fixed(fix)totheboard.Shegaveorderstothesailorsloudlybutcalmly19．based(base)onthedifferentsituations.Atlast,theysavedtheirshipandwentonwiththeirvoyage.Ⅱ.语境短文改错(短文中有5处错误)TheKerryHotelistheonlyhotelinthismountain.Inmostcase,thehotelisfullatthishourofthenight.Youcantrycallingthehotelreceptiondesktoask\nforaroom.Theywillprobablytoturndownyourrequest.Istillthinkit'sworththeeffort,although.Thereseemstobearegulationinthathotel,Ican'trememberexactly,sayingsomethinglike“Noguestisturndownforanyreasoninanycase.”Ifyou'reluckyenough,youwon'thavetoputoninyourcampingtentforthenight.【答案】　TheKerryHotelistheonlyhotelinthismountain.Inmost，thehotelisfullatthishourofthenight.Youcantrycallingthehotelreceptiondesktoaskforaroom.Theywillprobablyturndownyourrequest.Istillthinkit'sworththeeffort,.Thereseemstobearegulationinthathotel,Ican'trememberexactly,sayingsomethinglike“Noguestisdownforanyreasoninanycase.”Ifyou'reluckyenough,youwon'thavetoputinyourcampingtentforthenight.Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子1．在某些国家，直视对方的眼睛被认为是无礼的。Insomecountries，lookingintoone'seyesisconsideredtoberude.2．面对危险，并非所有人都能保持冷静。Notallpeoplecan/Allpeoplecannotkeepcalminthefaceofdanger.3．当青少年过多地使用社交媒体时，他们可能在学习上难以集中注意力。Whenteensusesocialmediatoomuch，theyarelikelytohavetroubleconcentratingontheirschoolwork.4．北京成了第一个举办夏季奥运会和冬季奥运会的城市。BeijinghasbecomethefirstcitytohostbothSummerandWinterOlympicGames.5．由于大雪，所有通往机场的道路都被切断了。Alltheapproachestotheairportwerecutoffbecauseoftheheavysnow.B：能力层面Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·合肥市第二次教学质量检测)Peopleoftentalkaboutculturaldifferencesbetweenwesternandeasterncountries，buthowaboutthewesternworlditself?Surprisingly，acloserlookatitcanrevealagoodmanycuriousdetails.\nThemostobviouscharacteristicofthemajorityofAmericansisthattheysmilealot.Itdoesnotmatterwhethertheyhaveastrongreasontosmile；theydoit，sometimessimplybecausetheyhaveto.Asmileisnotjustapowerfulmarketingtoolbutalsoawaytoshowthatsomeoneisfriendly，andthatlifeingeneralisfine.Europeans，onthecontrary，prefertokeepamoreneutral(不带感情色彩的)facialexpression.Theysmilemostlywhentheyareinagoodmood，orfeelamused；ifnot，aEuropean'sfacewillremainneutral，orevendull.InRussia，forexample，thereisaproverbsayingthatlaughingfornoreasonisasignofafool.ItdoesnotmeanthatEuropeansareserious，orthattheydonothaveasenseofhumor.Thesamereferstocommunicationingeneral.Americansareextremelycommunicative；smalltalksandchatsarecommon.Europeanstalkmostlywhenthereissomethingtosay，andrarelyentercommunicationjustforthepurposeoftalkingtootherpeople.Americanpeopleprefertoexpresswhattheythinkcarefully，consideringhowitmightaffectsurroundingpeople.Europeansaremorestraightforward，evenwithunfamiliarpeople.AEuropeanfriendwillalmostalwaysvoicehisopinionondifferentoccasions，andwillnothesitatetoremindyouthatyouneedtolosesomeweightortakeashower.ItcanbesaidthatAmericansarepeopleofcontrasts.Theyareopenminded，flexible，andreadytoaccepteverythingnewenthusiastically；butatthesametime，Americansocietymanagestobringupunbelievableconservatives.Americansareextremelypoliticallycorrect，which，inmostcases，isindeedasecureandbeneficialpractice，butitcanalsomessupdailyorevenprivatecommunication，sometimespreventinghavingcloserelationships.Europeans，onthecontrary，aremorestraightforward，preferringtotellthetruthindirectways.Eachwayofcommunicationisdifferent—neitheriscorrectorincorrect.【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了西方国家间的文化差异，包括微笑和交流等方面。1．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutsmiling?A．Itisculturerelatedwithinwesterncountries.B．Itisapowerfulmarketingtoolacrosscultures.C．ItisthoughtofasasignofafoolinAmerica.D．ItisregardedasasocialnecessityinEurope.A　[推理判断题。作者在第二段中讲到了美国人、欧洲人对微笑的不同解读，据此可以推知，在西方国家笑是与文化有关的，故A项正确。]2．WhatistypicalofEuropeans'communication?\nA．Beatingaroundthebush.B．Havingsmalltalksandchats.C．Hidingtheirfeelingscarefully.D．Expressingthemselvesopenly.D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Europeansaremorestraightforward...takeashower”可知，欧洲人通常坦诚地表达自己，故选D。A项意为“绕圈子，拐弯抹角地讲话”。]3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Beingstraightforward.B．Beingpoliticallycorrect.C．Acceptingeverythingnew.D．Raisingunbelievableconservatives.B　[代词指代题。画线词前的“Americansareextremelypoliticallycorrect,which，inmostcases，isindeedasecureandbeneficialpractice”与后面的“messupdailyorevenprivatecommunication”存在转折关系，又结合语境可推知，it指代的应该是美国人的这种政治正确性，故选B。]4．Howisthetextmainlydeveloped?A．Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.B．Bymakingcomparisons.C．Byclassifyingbodylanguage.D．Bydiscussingresearchfindings.B　[推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者通过分析美国人和欧洲人对微笑的不同解读以及通常在交际中的不同表现来展开文章，因此可推知，作者是通过作比较展开文章的，故选B。]B(2020·江西省五校协作体模拟)Atonetimeoranotherinyourlifeyouhaveprobablydoneorigami，evenifitwasjustmakingapaperairplaneorsomethingmorecomplicatedlikeapapercrane.Thechancesarethatasyoudidit，youreflectedonhowinventivethistraditionalartis.Animals，boxes，flowersandboatsallcanbecreatedfromasinglesquareorrectangularsheetofpapersimplybyfoldingit.Nocutting，nopasting.Butdidyoueverstoptothinkhowthesametechniquesmightbeappliedtoengineering?Equipmentthatcouldbeofrealpracticaluse?Origamimeetsthedemandforthingsthatneedtobesmallwhentransportedandlargewhentheyarrive，like\ntheeverydayumbrella.Infact，origamiinspiredcreationshavealreadyflowninspace；in1995，Japaneseengineerslaunchedasatellitewithsolarpanelsthatwerefoldedlikeamap.“It'snowmathematicallyproventhatyoucanprettymuchfoldanything，”saysphysicistRobertJ．Lang，whoquithisengineeringjobeightyearsagotofoldthingsfulltime.Lang，anorigamienthusiastsinceagesix，advisedawellknowncarmanufactureronthebestwaytofoldanairbagintoadashboard(仪表板)．Heiscurrentlyworkingonaspacetelescopelensthat，ifallgoesaccordingtotheplan，shouldbeabletounfoldtothesizeofafootballfield.Attheotherendofthescale，researchersarealsoworkingontinyfoldingdevicesthatcouldleadtobreakthroughsinmedicineandcomputing.There'snodoubtthatcomputersofthefuturemaycontaintiny，foldedcapacitors(电容器)forfasterprocessingandbettermemory.Applicationsfororigamiengineeringgofurtherthanmanyofusmightimagine.“Someday，”saysMIT'sErikDemaine，“we'llbuildreconfigurable(可重构的)robotsthatcanfoldontheirownfromonethingintoanother，likeTransformers.Doesn'titfeellikesciencefictioncomestrue?Maybe—thoughyoucertainlywouldn'twanttobetagainstit.”【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了折纸工艺的应用，从折叠成各种东西到应用于工程学、太空等领域。5．Whatdoweknowaboutorigami?A．Itconsumeslotsoftime.B．Itinvolvesinterestingideas.C．Itrequirescomplextechniques.D．Ithastodowithcuttingandpasting.B　[推理判断题。根据第一段，尤其是第二句“Thechancesarethatasyoudidit，youreflectedonhowinventivethistraditionalartis”可推知，折纸工艺涉及有趣的想法。]【干扰项分析】　由第一段中的“simplybyfoldingit”可知，C项错误。6．Whichofthefollowingisanapplicationoforigami?A．Aspacetelescopelenscanbefoldedtothesizeofanumbrella.B．Asatelliteisequippedwithsolarpanelsandafoldedmap.C．Anairbagcanbebetterfoldedintoadashboardofacar.D．Afuturecomputercontainsmanyhugefoldedcapacitors.\nC　[细节理解题。根据第三段，尤其是其中的“advisedawellknowncarmanufactureronthebestwaytofoldanairbagintoadashboard(仪表板)”可知，安全气囊可以更好地折叠放进汽车仪表板是折纸工艺的一种应用。]7．WhatisErikDemaine'sattitudetowardsorigamiengineering?A．Hopeful.　　B．Doubtful.C．Disapproving.　D．Ambiguous.A　[观点态度题。根据最后一段ErikDemaine所说的话可知，他认为利用折纸工程学，将来我们可以制造可重构的机器人，由此可推知，他对折纸工程学抱有希望。]8．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A．Entertainment.　　B．Culture.C．Education.　　　D．Technology.D　[推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了折纸工艺在工程学、太空领域等的应用，由此可推知，本文可能出现在报纸的工艺专栏。]Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2020·太原市第一学期阶段性测评)Weallagreethatweshouldrecyclemoreathome，intheofficeorwhenoutandabout.1Consequently，theycanbecollectedandtakentotherightplaceforrecycling.Thisiswhattheprocessofsortingallowsustodo.2Andtheeffectivesortingneedstohappenfirstinourownhome，andsecondinsortingplantstowhichwasteiscollected.Whenyouputaplasticbottleintherightrecyclingbagorbin，youarehelpingsortrecyclablethingssothattherightmaterialcanbefedintotherightrecyclingprocess.Ifsortingdoesnothappen，alotofrecyclablematerialscanendupinlandfills(废物填埋地)．Itwillleadtovaluableresourceslostfromoureconomy.3Forinstance，inBrusselsconsumersputplasticpackaging，cansandbeveragecartonsinbluebagsdesignedforrecyclablepackaging；paperinyellowbagsforrecycling；andglassneedstobetakentospecificcollectionbins.Somewhatdifferently，inVienna(Austria)，citizenscanexpecttheirpaper，metal，glassandplastictobeseparatelycollectedindifferentweeksoftheyear.4Oncerecyclablematerialsarecollectedfromyourhome，theyarefurthersortedinspecialisedfacilitieswhichensurethequalityoftherecyclingprocess.5Traditionally，sortinghasbeendoneeithermanuallywithworkerssortingwhatcanberecycledandpickingoutthematerialstobediscardedormechanically.Today，however，newsortingtechnologiesarebeingdevelopedinordertospeeduptheprocess\nofsortingbutalsotocausebetterresults.Excitingtechnologiesusingmagnets(磁铁)oropticalsystemsarebeingusedtoeffectivelysortmaterialssomoreofthemcanberecycled.A．Foreffectiverecyclingweneedeffectivesorting.B．Packagingisthefirststeptowardsrecycling.C．Thisiswheredifferentsortingtechniquescomeintoplay.D．Socitizensneedtobeawareoftheirlocalcollectionsystem.E．Collectionsystemscanbeverydifferentfromcountrytocountry.F．Therestwerelandfilledorburnedeventhoughtheycouldhavebeenrecycledorreused.G．Butformaterialstoberecycled，theyfirstneedtofindtheirwaytotherightwastebin.【语篇解读】　本文介绍了回收再利用时分类很重要，且各国收集废品的方法可能不同，因此居民需要了解当地的收集方法，这样有利于高效地保护环境，同时有利于节约资源。1．G　[根据空后的“Consequently”可知，空后讲“结果”，则空处应是讲“原因”；故G项“但是对于要回收利用的材料来说，首先它们需要找到方法来通往恰当的垃圾箱”符合语境，与空后一句“因此它们才能被收集并被带到恰当的地方进行回收利用”逻辑关系紧密。故选G项。]2．A　[上段讲了回收再利用和垃圾分类，本段讲的是有效的垃圾分类，故此空应填一个过渡句。A项中的“effectivesorting”与空后的“theeffectivesorting”相呼应，故选A项。]3．E　[本段通过列举比利时的首都布鲁塞尔和奥地利的首都维也纳这两个城市不同的收集废品的方法以表明各国收集废品的方法可能不同，故E项“(废品)收集方法在国与国之间可能非常不同”可概括本段。故选E项。]4．D　[空处为段落尾句，起总结该段内容的作用，该段讲的是(废品)收集方法在国与国之间可能非常不同，因此，居民需要了解当地的收集方法。]5．C　[空前讲将可回收材料在专用的设备中进行分类，空后是说垃圾分类分人工分类和机器分类两种，故C项“这就是不同的分类技术开始起作用的地方”可以衔接前后句。故选C项。]Ⅲ.语法填空(2020·广东省七校联合体第二次联考)Theoriginofteaislostamonghistoryandtales.1．________canberoughlyconfirmedisthatteaoriginatedinthesouthwestofChina.Accordingtoancientstories，thefirstperson2．________(discover)theeffectsofteaissaidtobeShennong，3．________ancientfiguredevotedtoagriculture\nandherbalmedicineinChina.Shennongoncetried74differentkindsofpoisonousplantsinadayandhe4．________(lie)ontheground，barelyalive.Atthismoment，henoticedseveralratherfragrant5．________(leaf)droppingfromthetreebesidehim.Out6．________curiosityandhabit，Shennongputthosefragrantonesintohismouthandchewed7．________(they)slowly.Afteralittlewhile，hefeltwelland8．________(energy)again，sohepickedmoretoeatandthusclearedpoisonoffhisbody.TheancientChinesemedicalbookcalledShennongBencaojingstatesthat“Teatastesbitter.Drinkit，9．________youwillthinkquicker，movemoreswiftlyandevenseemoreclearly.”Thisisthe10．________(early)booktorecordthemedicinaleffectsoftea.【语篇解读】　据古代故事记载，第一个发现茶叶功效的人是神农，本文主要介绍了神农发现茶叶及其药效的经过。1．What　[考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导主语从句，同时在从句中作主语，表示“……的事物”，故用what来引导该从句。]2．todiscover　[考查动词不定式。被only，thefirst，thesecond，thelast，thenext或其他序数词和最高级形容词修饰的名词，常用不定式作定语，故填todiscover。]3．an　[考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，________ancientfigure作Shennong的同位语，表示一个古代人物，应用不定冠词修饰，且ancient的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。]4．lay　[考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“oncetried”可知，此处的动作发生在过去，故要用一般过去时。]5．leaves　[考查名词的单复数。leaf“叶子”为可数名词，且根据该词前的修饰词several可知，此处要用其复数形式。]6．of　[考查介词。outofcuriosity意为“出于好奇”，为固定用法。]7．them　[考查代词。动词chewed后面要接人称代词的宾格形式作宾语，故填them。]8．energetic　[考查词性转换。该句中的“felt”为系动词，后接形容词作表语，故填energetic。]9．and　[考查连词。分析句子结构可知，此处前后为逻辑上的顺承关系，故用连词and。]10．earliest　[考查形容词的最高级。根据其前的“the”并结合语境可知，此处表示《神农本草经》是最早记载茶叶的药用功效的著作。故填earliest。]Ⅳ.短文改错(2020·西安五校联考)I'vebeenplayingvolleyballbeforethreeyearsago.Itstartedwhenteachersetupavolleyballclubinourschool，hopethatmorestudents\nwouldtakepartinthesportandkeepfit.Theclubwassuchpopularthatmanystudentssignedupforit.Tobehonesty，atthattimeIjustfollowedthemwithoutthinkingtoomuch.WepracticedtogetheroneverySaturdaymorning.However，someofthestudentssoonbegintogetboredanddroppedoutoftheclub.SoIfoundIwasquiteenjoyingitandwecarriedon.Aftertrainingforsometime，Iwasselectedfortheschoolteam.HowexcitingandproudIwas.【答案】　I'vebeenplayingvolleyballthreeyearsago.Itstartedwhenteachersetupavolleyballclubinourschool，thatmorestudentswouldtakepartinthesportandkeepfit.Theclubwaspopularthatmanystudentssignedupforit.Tobe，atthattimeIjustfollowedthemwithoutthinkingtoomuch.WepracticedtogethereverySaturdaymorning.However，someofthestudentssoontogetboredanddroppedoutoftheclub.IfoundIwasquiteenjoyingitandcarriedon.Aftertrainingforsometime，Iwasselectedfortheschoolteam.HowandproudIwas.