统考版2023高考英语一轮复习课时提能练29选修6Unit4Globalwarming含解析新人教版20230238251

课时提能练(二十九)选修6　Unit4　GlobalwarmingA：知识层面Ⅰ.语境语法填空A(考查派生词)Foodpricesinthiscountryaregoingup1．steadily(steady)becauseofarapidpopulation2．growth(grow).Farmershavea3．tendency(tend)toexpandtheareaofarable(耕作的)landformorecropsnextyear.Food4．consumers(consume)willfeeldelighted,butthepublicworriesthatthiswillthreatenthe5．existence(exist)ofwildlifebecausetheirhabitatmaybedestroyed.Itisreallyadilemmaformany.B(考查动词)Scientiststend6．tosubscribe(subscribe)totheviewthatglobalwarmingiscausedbyburningfossilfuels.Coalandoil7．areconsumed(consume)everyday,givingofflotsofcarbondioxide.Withmorepeople8．opposed(oppose)tousingfossilfuels,governments9．havebeenadvocating(advocate)developingcleanenergyinthepastdecades.Weareconvincedthattheproblemwillbecopedwithsoonerorlater.Whenevershefeltdepressed,Mary10．tended(tend)towalkdownanarrowstreet.Oneeveningshecametothestreetafter11．consuming(consume)afewcupsofalcoholinabar,meant12．torefresh(refresh)herself.It13．wasstated(state)thatthisstreetwasnotverysaferecently.14．Glancing(glance)overhershoulder,shefoundthatshewasbeingfollowed.Maryrushedbackhome,almostscaredtodeath.C(考查句型)Thereislittledoubt15．thatgraduatesnowhavesomedifficultyfindingsuitablejobs.Ittakespatience,courageaswellasdetermination16．toget(get)asatisfyingjob.Intheeyesofmanyemployers,workexperience17．counts(count)mostforajobhunter.Therefore,solong18．asyouaregivenanopportunitytohaveaccesstoworkexperience,don'thesitatetoseizeit.Ⅱ.语境短文改错(短文中有6处错误)LiHuaandIdecidedtoexplorethemountainnearourvillageonlastSaturday.Itwas7o'clockinthemorningthatwestartedourtriptothemountain.Alongtheway,largequantitiesofwildlifewasdiscovered.Weshotafewharesandchickensthatcamewithinranges.Wecontinuedourwayevenitwasgettingdark.Whenwewereexhaustedandneededtoregainenergy,wemadeafireandhadabarbecue.Itwasreally\naunforgettableexperienceforbothofus.【答案】　LiHuaandIdecidedtoexplorethemountainnearourvillagelastSaturday.Itwas7o'clockinthemorningwestartedourtriptothemountain.Alongtheway,largequantitiesofwildlifediscovered.Weshotafewharesandchickensthatcamewithin.Wecontinuedourwayevenitwasgettingdark.Whenwewereexhaustedandneededtoregainenergy,wemadeafireandhadabarbecue.Itwasreallyunforgettableexperienceforbothofus.Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子1．那个湖里大量的水被这个制造各种布匹的工厂污染了。Quantitiesofwaterinthelakewerepollutedbythefactoryproducingallkindsofcloth.2．很多父母都持有这样的观点：青少年不应该花太多时间上网。Manyparentsholdtheviewthatteenagersshouldn'tspendtoomuchtimeonline.3．我们学校大约有200位教师，其中百分之三十是男教师。Inourschoolthereareabout200teachers，thirtypercentofwhomaremen．4．我们决定明天参观博物馆，即使明天下雨。Wehavedecidedtovisitthemuseumevenif/eventhoughitrainstomorrow．5．如果可能的话，尽量每天都早点睡觉。Ifpossible，trytogotobedearlyeveryday.B：能力层面Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·陕西省百校联盟一模)AsicemeltsinWestAntarctica，thegroundbeneathisquicklyrising—aprocessthatcouldpreventthecatastrophic(灾难性的)collapseoficesheets，accordingtoresearchers.AstudypublishedinthejournalScienceprovidesaglimmer(一丝)ofhopeforaregionaffectedbyclimatechange.Inrecentyears，severalstudieshavewarnedthattheicesheet，whichcontributestoaquarterofmeltediceworldwideannually，isveryeasytobreakup.Scientistsfearevenslightlymeltingcouldcauseglobalsealevelstoriseby3metres.\nResearchersattheTechnicalUniversityofDenmarksetouttoanswerhowthebedrockunderneaththeicesheetofWestAntarcticabehavesastheicemelts.Tostudytheland，theteamanalyzeddatacollectedbyhighprecisionGPSequipmentpositionedonremoterockformationsinWestAntarctica，whichmeasuredmovementsofthelanddowntothemillimetreovera10yearperiod.“Afteraheroicefforttoinstallandmaintainthenetworkofsensorsinoneoftheleastaccessibleplacesontheplanet，theteamhasbeenrewardedwithincrediblyvaluabledata，whichtellanincrediblestoryabouttheEarth，”wroteValentinaBarletta.TheteamfoundthattheEarthwaspushingthebedrocktorisefasterthanexpected.In2014，thesurfaceroseby41millimetres:fourtofivetimesquickerthanpredicted.In100years，thelandcouldbeupto10metreshigherthanitiscurrently.Itishopedthatastheicemelts，theEarth'scrust(地壳)willbouncebackmuchfasterthanpreviouslyexpected.Inturn，thiscouldstabilizewhattheresearchersdescribedasthe“catastrophiccollapse”oftheicesheet.BarlettatoldNewsweektheicesheetwillneverbestableifglobalwarmingbecomestooextreme.“Reducingthegreenhousegaswillgivetheicesheetabetterchanceofsurvivalbecausethatwouldallowsomeknownandunknownfeedbacktocreatebetterconditionsfortheice，”shesaid.【语篇解读】　研究发现，随着冰融化，西南极洲地下部分迅速上升，这一过程可以防止灾难性的冰盖坍塌。1．WhathappenstoWestAntarcticaasicemelts?A．Thegroundbeneathisgettingtaller.B．Itsicesheetsbreakupcompletely.C．Globalsealevelsriseby3metres.D．Climatechangecomestoanend.A　[细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“AsicemeltsinWestAntarctica，thegroundbeneathisquicklyrising”可知，随着冰融化，西南极洲地下部分迅速上升。故选A。]2．WhydoresearchersusehighprecisionGPSequipment?A．Tofindoutwhethertheicesheetisveryeasytobreakup.B．Tofindouttheconnectionbetweenthebedrockandicemelting.C．Tofindoutwhatreallyaffectsthespeedoficemelting.D．TofindoutwhenWestAntarcticawilldisappeartotally.\nB　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“setouttoanswerhowthebedrockunderneaththeicesheetofWestAntarcticabehavesastheicemelts.Tostudytheland,theteamanalyzeddatacollectedbyhighprecisionGPSequipment”可知，研究人员使用这一设备的目的在于研究冰盖下的基岩与冰融化之间的联系。故选B。]3．Howdidtheresearchteamfeelaboutthestudyresult?A．Disappointed.B．Sorry.C．Surprised.　　　　D．Angry.C　[推理判断题。根据第五段的内容，尤其是其中的“thanexpected”“thanpredicted”可知，研究者对研究结果感到意外。故选C。]4．Whatshouldwedofortheicesheet'ssurvival?A．Stopthebedrockfromrising.B．InstallmorehighprecisionGPSequipment.C．Createmoreicefortheicesheet.D．Cutdownthegreenhousegas.D　[细节理解题。根据第七段第二句中的“Reducingthegreenhousegaswillgivetheicesheetabetterchanceofsurvival”可知，减少温室气体排放将使冰盖有更好的幸存机会。由此可知D项符合题意。]B(2020·重庆市学业质量调研抽测)Theproliferation(激增)offiresintheAmazonrainforestdrewinternationalattentioninAugust2019，especiallywhenFrenchPresidentEmmanuelMacroncalledforurgentaction.Sincethen，theeyesoftheworldhaveshiftedelsewhereasHouseDemocratslaunchedanimpeachment(弹劾)inquiryagainstPresidentDonaldTrump.Meanwhile，theAmazoncontinuedtoburn.Thenumberoffiresdecreasedby35%inSeptember2019，butexpertssaythisismerelyaslowdowninacrisiswithglobalrepercussions(反响)．Therewerestill19，925fireoutbreaksinSeptember2019ontheBrazilianpartoftherainforest，whichaccountsfornearly65%oftheAmazonbasin.Moreover，throughthefirstninemonthsof2019，thenumberoffiressoaredby41%comparedtothesameperiodin2018，Brazil'sNationalInstituteforSpaceResearchreported.HigherrainfalltotalsthanusualsincethebeginningofSeptember2019andmeasurestakenundermountingpressurebyBrazilianPresidentJairBolsonaro—whodeployedthemilitarytotheAmazonandimposedatwomonthbanonclearinglandthroughfires—contributedtotheburningdecline.\n“Thefactorsthatledtosuchwidespreadfiresinthefirstplace—decreasedenforcementofforestlaw，illegaldeforestationforagricultureandinvasionofnativeterritories—remaininplace，”saidNigelSizer，ChiefProgramOfficerfortheadvocacyorganizationRainforestAlliance.“ItisgoodnewsthattherearefewerfiresintheAmazonrightnow，butthisisashorttermpausefromthelargerproblem.”Thatproblemcentersondeforestationthroughsystematicallychoppingdowntrees，whichareeitherloggedorburned，mostlytoconvertthelandforraisingcattleandgrowingcrops.Thepracticehasexpandedfromasmallscaletoanindustrialproduction，leadingtoabout20%oftheBrazilianAmazonhavingbeenclearedsince1970．【语篇解读】　当法国总统马克龙呼吁采取紧急行动时，2019年8月份亚马逊雨林火灾的激增引发了国际的关注；9月份，火灾数量虽有所减少，但是亚马逊雨林大火仍在燃烧，巴西总统博索纳罗下令出动军队前往亚马逊雨林开展灭火工作；对森林法的执行降低、为了进行农业活动而非法毁林和对本土的入侵仍然是导致大火的因素，但造成大火的主要原因是滥伐森林。5．WhoraisedinternationalattentiontotheproliferationoffiresintheAmazonrainforest?A．EmmanuelMacron.　　B．DonaldTrump.C．NigelSizer.　　　　D．JairBolsonaro.A　[细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，亚马逊雨林大火的激增引起了国际关注，特别是当法国总统马克龙呼吁采取紧急行动时，即马克龙把国际的注意力引向了大火，故选A项。]6．What'sthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．TherearemorefiresinAmazonnowthaneverbefore.B．ThereweremorefiresinAmazoninAugust2019thaninSeptember2019．C．TheproliferationoffirescoversmostofthewideareainAmazon.D．ThefiresintheAmazonrainforestisstillburningwithinternationalattention.D　[段落大意题。根据第二段的内容可知，2019年9月亚马逊雨林的火灾数量下降了35%，但专家称这仅仅是在全球的间接影响下处于危机之中的一种减缓而已，亚马逊雨林仍在燃烧，故选D项。]7．What'sthemaincauseofthewidespreadfiresintheAmazonrainforest?A．Decreasedenforcementofforestlaw.B．Invasionofnativeterritories.\nC．Seriousdeforestationforagriculture.D．Theshorttermpauseoftheproliferationoffires.C　[细节理解题。根据第四段首句可知，对森林法执行的减弱、为了进行农业活动而非法毁林以及对本土的入侵等导致了森林火灾；又结合第五段首句可知，该问题以系统地砍伐树木而造成的滥伐森林为中心，故C项正确。]8．Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A．Abiologytextbook.　　　B．Agardeningmagazine.C．Anewspaper.　　　　　　D．Atravelbrochure.C　[文章出处题。根据第一段和第三段的内容可知，法国总统马克龙呼吁采取紧急行动，美国总统特朗普遭弹劾，巴西总统博索纳罗部署军队，又根据文中列举的数据可推知，本文可能摘自报纸。故C项正确。]Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2020·昆明市“三诊一模”摸底诊断测试)Impolitecellphoneusersareanywherewherethere'sacellphonesignal.1.Couldthatbeyou?Followourexpertphonerulestoavoidbeingrudeandannoying.●Knowwherenottouseyourphone.2，soavoidtalkingonyourcellphoneorhavingitringwhileinsuchplacesashospitals，librariesandmovietheatres.Turnyourphoneoffifnecessary.●Don'ttalktooloudly.Wheninpublic，trynottoraiseyourvoicewhileonthephone.Generallyyoudon'thavetoshoutonthephonetobeheardontheotherend.Infact，doingsooftenmakesitharderforyoutobeunderstood.3．●Don'tuseyourphonewhenhavingamealwithsomeone.Ifpossible，turnitoff.Ifyou'rewaitingforanimportantcall，letthepersonyou'rewithknowbeforehand(事先)thatyou'reexpectingacallthatyou'llneedtotake.4.Ifyouhaveto，stepawaybutdon'tstayawayanylongerthanabathroombreak.●5.Whenyou'reinanenclosedspace，oryoucan'tputyourself10feetoutofeveryone'sway，it'sinappropriatetotalkbutit'spotentiallyacceptabletoreceiveandsendtextmessages.Butyou'dbetternottextwhiledoinganythingthatrequiresyoutobefocused.A．LearntotextB．FocusonyourmessagesC．Someplacesareinappropriateforcellphoneusage\nD．LimitphoneuseduringgatheringswithyourfriendsE．TrynottoholdaphoneconversationattableF．Inaddition，shoutingonthephonedisturbspeoplearoundyouG．Mostpeoplewhoareimpolitedon'tevenrealizewhatthey'redoing【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了如何避免使用手机时的不礼貌行为，包括知道使用手机的场合，讲话声音不要太大，与他人一起吃饭时不要使用手机等。1．G　[空前一句表述有手机信号的地方就有不礼貌的手机用户，并结合空后一句“Couldthatbeyou？”可推知，G项“大多数不礼貌的人甚至没有意识到自己的行为”符合语境。]2．C　[根据空前一句中的“where”以及空后的“soavoidtalkingonyourcellphoneorhavingitringwhileinsuchplaces”可知，空处应是表述一些场合不适合使用手机，所以选C项。]3．F　[根据前一句“Infact，doingsooftenmakesitharderforyoutobeunderstood”并结合本段的主题句“Don'ttalktooloudly”可推知，空处进一步解释了对着手机吼的负面影响，所以选F项。]4．E　[根据本段的主题句“Don'tuseyourphonewhenhavingamealwithsomeone”，并结合空后一句“Ifyouhaveto，stepawaybutdon'tstayawayanylongerthanabathroombreak”可推知，空处建议人们尽量不要在吃饭时进行电话交谈，所以选E项。]5．A　[根据该空的位置可知，该空是该段的主题句。根据空后一句中的“butit'spotentiallyacceptabletoreceiveandsendtextmessages”和对本段的整体理解可推知，本段主要建议人们学会发短信，所以选A项。]Ⅲ.语法填空(2020·山东省一模)Onthemorningofhergrandson'swedding，PegMcCormackreceivedsomebadnews.The91yearoldwasinthehospitalafterafallwhenshefoundoutshewouldbeunabletoattendthe1．________(celebrate)inMadison，NewJersey.UnknowntoMcCormack，hergrandsonBrian2．________hiswifeLaurenhadmadeaheartfeltplan3．________(include)herintheday'sactivities.4．________(follow)byaweddingphotographer，thecouplemadeasurprisevisit5．________thehospitalbeforeheadingtothereception.“Shewassoexcitedtowatch6．________(we)getmarried，”thebridesaid.“Shewassimplylivingforthiswedding.Sowebroughttheweddingtoher.”“Whenwewalkedintothatroom，shewas7．________(obvious)shocked，”thephotographersaid.“Shejustkept8．________(say)‘Ican'tbelieveyou'rehere！’\nandthankingthemforcomingtoseeher.Fromthewaysheheldtheirhands，9．________(touch)theirfacesandjustlookedatthem，youcouldtelltheyhadsuchaspecialbond.Idon'tthinkshereleasedBrian'shand10．entiretimethatwewereintheroom.”“Itmeanttheworldtobringtheweddingtoher，”thegroomsaid.“Itwassuchasmallportionofthedaytotradeinforsuchaspecialmoment.”【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一对新人来到医院让祖母参与到他们结婚庆典的活动中的故事。1．celebration　[考查名词。根据空处与上文中的“hergrandson'swedding”的呼应关系及空前的the可知，此处应填名词。celebration“庆典，庆祝活动”。]2．and　[考查并列连词。此处连接两个并列的主语，故用and。]3．toinclude/including　[考查非谓语动词。此处可用不定式构成makeaplantodosth.结构，也可用现在分词短语作后置定语。]4．Followed　[考查非谓语动词。follow与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系，应用其过去分词形式。]5．to　[考查介词。此处visit为名词，visitto...“访问/拜访/参观……”为固定搭配，此处表示去医院，应在visit后加to。]6．us　[考查代词。空处在句中作watch的宾语，故用人称代词we的宾格us。]7．obviously　[考查副词。修饰动词应用副词。obviously“显然，明显地”。]8．saying　[考查非谓语动词。keepdoingsth.是固定用法，意为“持续做某事”，故填saying。下文中的“andthanking”也是提示。]9．touched　[考查时态。空处和“held”及“lookedat”是并列成分，时态应与其保持一致，用一般过去时。故填touched。]10．the　[考查冠词。此处特指在Brian待在病房期间，故用定冠词the。]Ⅳ.短文改错(2020·郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测)ThefirstforeignlanguageIneverlearntwasFrench，butitdidn'tgoverywell.MymotheraskedourneighborteachmewhenIwasseven.Frenchwasn'thisnativelanguages，butheusedtoliveinFrance，sohecouldspeakalittle.However，IlearntverylittleuntilIdidn'tfeelitrelatedtomydailylifeanyway.WhenIenteredintoseniorhighschool，myattitudetolanguagelearningchanged.IdecidedtolearnLatin，thatI'vealwaysbeeninterestedinbecauseIwanttostudylaw.LearningLatinwasn'tastruggleformyselfforthisreason.SoonIbegintoreadclassicsinLatin.Readthosebooksopenedawindowformetoanotherworldorgavemeanewpointofviewonmyownworld.\n【答案】ThefirstforeignlanguageIlearntwasFrench，butitdidn'tgoverywell.MymotheraskedourneighborteachmewhenIwasseven.Frenchwasn'thisnative，butheusedtoliveinFrance，sohecouldspeakalittle.However，IlearntverylittleIdidn'tfeelitrelatedtomydailylifeanyway.WhenIenteredseniorhighschool，myattitudetolanguagelearningchanged.IdecidedtolearnLatin，I'vealwaysbeeninterestedinbecauseIwanttostudylaw.LearningLatinwasn'tastruggleforforthisreason.SoonItoreadclassicsinLatin.thosebooksopenedawindowformetoanotherworldgavemeanewpointofviewonmyownworld.