统考版2023高考英语一轮复习课时提能练32选修7Unit2Robots含解析新人教版20230238255

课时提能练(三十二)选修7　Unit2　RobotsA：知识层面Ⅰ.语境语法填空A(考查派生词)NieEr,a1．talented(talent)Chinesemusician,hadagreat2．affection(affect)forhismotherlandandthepoorpeople.Hewrotedozensof3．satisfactory(satisfy)songsinhisshortlife,oneofwhichisTheNationalAnthemofPeople'sRepublicofChina,theChinesepeople's4．favourite(favour).Hewasonceputintoprisonbecausehe5．disobeyed(obey)theformergovernment'slaws.Whenhewasreleased,hewentabroadtostudymusicfurther.Hediedveryyoungandmysterious.Thenewgovernmentmadeahigh6．assessment(assessment)ofhisachievementandcontribution.Amonumentwasbuiltinmemoryofthisgreatmusicianwitha7．declaration(declare)thatheisapeople'smusician.B(考查动词)LiMinghasbeen8．desiring(desire)tobeawriter,buthisfatherwantshimtobecomeacarpenter.Insteadof9．obeying(obey)hisfather,hehasdevotedallhistimetoreadingandwriting.10．Accompanied(accompany)byhismother,heoftengoestothebookstorewherehe11．scans(scan)thebookshelikes.Hehaswonafewcompositioncontests,causingmanyteenagers12．toenvy(envy)hisprogressinwriting.Ofcourse,it'stooearly13．todeclare(declare)hiseffortasuccess.C(考查句型)Thereinfrontofme14．stood(stand)ayoungwoman,oneaboutthesameheightasmine.Shewasholdingacatinherarms,wearingafriendlysmile.Ihadneverseenawoman15．socharmingasshewas.Asforme,shewasmorelikeanangel16．thanawoman.Itwasagreatpitythatshecouldn'tspeakbecauseofachildhoodillness.Forfearthatsheshouldbehurt,hermotherwouldn'thaveher17．hanging(hang)aboutallbyherself.Nowsheis18．morethanmyneighbor;sheismybestfriend.Ⅱ.语境短文改错(短文中有6处错误)Thisismorethanjustatouristattraction;itisalsoanamusementparkdesigningtohavethepassengersexperienceadventures.Theparkadmits2，000visitorinalleveryday,theadmissionfeebeing15dollarsperperson.Youhavetobetwelveforcheaptickets—andratherundertwelve.Parentsarerequestedtotaketheirchildren's\nsafetyserious.Somethingriskymayoccurunexpectedlyafterall.However,youboundtolearnalotbygoingthroughsomethingthrilled.【答案】　Thisismorethanjustatouristattraction;itisalsoanamusementparktohavethepassengersexperienceadventures.Theparkadmits2，000inalleveryday,theadmissionfeebeing15dollarsperperson.Youhavetobetwelveforcheaptickets—ratherundertwelve.Parentsarerequestedtotaketheirchildren'ssafety.Somethingriskymayoccurunexpectedlyafterall.However,youboundtolearnalotbygoingthroughsomething.Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子1．你能帮我个忙，把那盏灯关掉吗？Couldyoudomeafavourandturnoffthatlight?2．我们教室前有一颗老松树。Therestandsanoldpinetreeinfrontofourclassroom.3．今天上午我在图书馆遇到的人是约翰。ItwasJohnthat/whoImetinthelibrarythismorning.4．他觉得一个女孩深夜还待在外面很危险，所以他不允许他的女儿回家太晚。Hefeelsitdangerousforagirltobeoutlateatnight，sohewon'thavehisdaughterarrivinghomelate．5．如果你在高速公路上开得这么快，毫无疑问会出事的。Thereisnodoubtthatyouareboundtohaveanaccidentifyoudrivesofastdownthemotorway.B：能力层面Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·福建省质量检查测试)AtEngland'sUniversityofPlymouth，ProfessorEduardoMirandahasbeenprogrammingpairsofrobotstocomposemusic.Miranda'srobotshavesimple“vocalcords”(声带)andareprogrammedtosingandlistentoeachother.Therobots'uniquewarblingsounds(颤音)donotperfectlymatchthehumanvoice，buteachmachineisexactlysharingmusicwiththeotherinanewanduniqueway.\nEachrobotisequippedwithspeakers，softwarethatmimicsthehumanvoice，amouththatopensasit“sings”，amicrophoneforears，andacameraforeyes.Therobotsalsomove.Mirandahopesthatbystudyinghisrobotvocalists，hecandiscoversomethingabouthowandwhyhumanscreate，perform，andlistentomusic.Whentherobotssing，thefirstrobotmakessixrandomsounds.Itspartnerrespondswithmoresounds.Thefirstrobotanalyzesthesoundstoseeiftheirsequences(顺序)aresimilar.Iftheyare，itnodsitsheadandcommitsthesoundstomemory，andthesecondrobotnoticesand“memorizes”themusicalsequence，too.Ifthefirstrobotthinksthesoundsaretoodifferent，itshakesitsheadandbothrobotsignorethesounds.Thentheprocesscontinues.Mirandasetupanexperimentinwhichheleftthetworobotsaloneinhisstudyfortwoweeks.Whenhereturned，hislittlewarblershad，byimitatingeachother，notonlysharednotesbutcombinedthem.Theproductoftheircooperationwasfarfromsymphonic，buttherobotshadbeguntocombinethenotesintotheirownselfdeveloped“songs”．Withthehelpofhiswarblingrobots，oneofMiranda'sgoalsistocreatemusicthatnohumanwouldevercompose.Mirandabelievestherobotsareidealforthispurposebecausetheywouldnotbeinfluencedbyanyexistingmusicalstylesorrules.【语篇解读】　普利茅斯大学的教授EduardoMiranda通过编写程序让一对机器人创作音乐。本文介绍了Miranda的实验过程以及他的目标等。1．Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“mimics”inParagraph2?A．Substitutes.　B．Interrupts.C．Controls.D．Copies.D　[词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“amouththatopensasit‘sings’，amicrophoneforears，andacameraforeyes”可知，“唱歌”时嘴张开、麦克风用作耳朵、摄像头用作眼睛。由此可推知，此处表示用来模仿人声的软件，故D项正确。A项意为“代替，取代”。]2．WhatdidthetworobotsdoduringMiranda'sexperiment?A．Theyinteractedwitheachother.B．Theyignoredtheuniquesound.C．Theylearnedtosingbetterthanhumans.D．Theycommittedrandomsoundstomemory.A　[细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句“Whentherobotssing，thefirstrobotmakes\nsixrandomsounds.Itspartnerrespondswithmoresounds”可知，当机器人唱歌时，第一个机器人发出六个随机的声音；它的同伴会发出更多的声音来回应。并结合该段其他内容可知，在唱歌时，机器人之间会互动，故A项正确。]3．WhatdoesMirandawanthisrobotstodo?A．Singaswellashumansdo.B．Createnewstylesofmusic.C．Memorizeavarietyofmusic.D．Promotetraditionalmusicalforms.B　[细节理解题。根据尾段第一句“Withthehelpofhiswarblingrobots，oneofMiranda'sgoalsistocreatemusicthatnohumanwouldevercompose”可知，Miranda的目标之一就是凭借机器人的帮助创作出人类永远无法创作出的音乐，即创造出新风格的音乐，故B项正确。]4．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Futurerobots.　　　　B．Specialsongs.C．Musicbyrobots.　　　D．ExperimentsbyMiranda.C　[主旨大意题。通读全文可知，根据第一段第一句“AtEngland'sUniversityofPlymouth，ProfessorEduardoMirandahasbeenprogrammingpairsofrobotstocomposemusic”为全文的主题句，结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了EduardoMiranda教授用机器人创作音乐的实验过程。故C项正确。]B(2020·武汉市高中毕业生学习质量检测)Yellowisusuallythecolorofhappy，joyfulemotions.Butaccordingtoanewstudy，notallpeopleassociatethecolorwithgoodfeelings.Tofindoutwhatfactorsmightplayarole，researcherstestedanewhypothesis(假设):Whatifpeople'sphysicalsurroundingsaffecttheirfeelingsaboutcertaincolors?Forexample，ifsomeonelivedincoldandrainyFinland，wouldhefeeldifferentlyaboutthecoloryellowfromsomeonewholivedneartheSaharaDesert?Theresearcherslookedatcoloremotiondatafromanongoinginternationalsurveyof6，625peoplein55countries.Thesurveyaskedparticipantstorate12colorsonhowcloselytheywereassociatedwithfeelingsincludingjoy，pride，fear，andshame.Theresearcherspaidparticularattentiontothedataforyellow，andanalyzed\nhowdifferentfactors—includinghoursofsunshine，hoursofdaylight，andtheamountofrainfall—wereassociatedwiththeemotionspeoplereportedforthecolor.Thetwobestpredictorsofhowpeoplefeltaboutyellowweretheannualamountofrainfall，andhowfartheylivedfromtheequator(赤道)．Overall，peopleweremorelikelytoassociateyellowwithjoywhentheylivedinrainiercountriesthatlayfartherfromtheequator，researchersreportedintheJournalofEnvironmentalPsychology.InEgypt，thelikelihood(可能性)ofyellowbeingassociatedwithjoywasjust5.7%，whereasinchillyFinlanditwas87.7%.IntheUnitedStates，withitsmildclimateandamberwavesofgrain，people'syellowjoyassociationlevelswerebetween60%and70%.Theresearchersalsocheckedwhetherassociationschangedwiththeseason—whether，forexample，peopleinacertaincountrylikedyellowmoreinthewinterthantheydidinthesummer.Theyfoundthatopinionsaboutthecolorremainedfairlyconstantallyearround—evenwhentheweatherchanged，thedataonyellowjoyassociationswereasgoodasgold.【语篇解读】　研究人员通过研究一项有关颜色和情绪的调查数据发现，人们对黄色的感觉与年降雨量和他们住的地方离赤道的距离有关，而与季节变化的关联性不大。5．Whatdidtheresearchersdobeforethesurvey?A．TheywenttoFinland.B．Theymadeanassumption.C．Theystudiedcertaincolors.D．Theyanalyzedsomedata.B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Tofindoutwhatfactorsmightplayarole，researcherstestedanewhypothesis(假设)”可知，在进行这项调查之前，研究人员提出了一个假设。故选B。]6．Whichofthefollowingaffectspeople'sfeelingsaboutyellow?A．Thechangeableweather.B．Thelengthofdaytime.C．Thegeographicalposition.D．Theamountofsnowfall.C　[细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Thetwobestpredictorsofhowpeoplefeltaboutyellowweretheannualamountofrainfall，andhowfartheylivedfromtheequator(赤道)”可知，人们对黄色的感觉的两个最好预示物是年降雨量和他们住的地方离赤道的距离。由此可知，地理位置影响人们对黄色的感觉。故选C。]\n7．Howdidtheresearcherscarryoutthesurvey?A．Byinterviewingparticipants.B．Bystudyingthedatacollected.C．Bytravellingaroundtheworld.D．Bylookingatcolorcombinations.B　[细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Theresearcherslookedatcoloremotiondatafromanongoinginternationalsurveyof6，625peoplein55countries”可知，研究人员是通过研究收集的数据来进行该项调查的。故选B。]8．Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A．Finland:ACountryAdmiringYellowB．YellowAssociatedwithJoyConditionallyC．Color:AnImportantRoleinGoodFeelingsD．ColoremotionDataCollectedInternationallyB　[标题判断题。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现——不是所有人都把黄色与令人愉快的情绪联系在一起。研究人员通过研究相关调查数据，分析了不同的因素是如何与人们对黄色的感觉联系在一起的。由此可知，B项最适合作本文标题。]Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2020·安徽省部分重点校联考)UrbanWildlifeCitiesarediverseecosystems.Inadditiontovisitorsfromthewild，alargenumberofspeciesshareoururbanareas.Asourcitiesspread，weneedtothinkaboutwhatitislikeforotherspeciestohavehumanneighbors.Citiesarebuiltforhumans.1Forexample，mostcityparksarekeptneatandtidysothathumanswillfindthembeautiful.Butwhenwecutgrassorplantflowers，wedestroynaturalhabitats.2WhenabridgeinAustin，Texaswasrepaired，engineersaddedsmallgapsrunningalongthelengthofitsbottom.Thismadeagoodhomeforbats，andsoonthebridgewasthehomeofthousandsofbats.3Now，theyhavecometovaluetheirwinged(有翼的)neighbors.Thebatsareatouristattraction，andtheyeatlotsofbugseverynight.Therearealsostructuresbuiltwiththeaimofbringingwildlifeintothecity.TheOlympicForestParkisagoodexample.Theparkusednativeplantsandcreatedopen，naturalspaceforwildlife.TheresultisazoneinBeijingwithover160speciesofbirds.Inmanyways，theparkistheoppositeofazoo.4\nIfwelearntoshareourspace，wecanbecomebetterneighborstothewildlifearoundus.5Ourownfuturewillbeendangeredtoo.A．Theyarebuilttoprotectbirds.B．Ouractionssometimeshelpotherspecies.C．Ifwedonot，morespecieswillbecomeextinct.D．Theydonotalwaysprovidesuitablehabitatsforwildlife.E．Insteadofbeingkeptincages，wildlifecanmovefreely.F．Atfirst，peoplewereafraidofthebatsandtriedtogetridofthem.G．Theywouldsitonitandtheirdroppingswouldfallintothewater.【语篇解读】　城市是多样化的生态系统，我们需要考虑其他物种与我们为邻的情况。如果我们学会分享我们的空间，我们就能成为周围野生生物更好的邻居。如果我们不这样做，我们自己的未来也将受到威胁。1．D　[根据空前一句及空后所举的例子，尤其是最后一句“但当我们割草或种花时，我们破坏了自然栖息地”可知，选项D符合语境。]2．B　[根据空后所举的例子，尤其是“这为蝙蝠提供了一个很好的家园，很快这座桥就成了成千上万蝙蝠的家园”可知，选项B符合语境。]3．F　[根据空后一句中的时间标志词“Now”可知，空处所填句子应与下文内容形成对比，故选F。]4．E　[根据本段的内容尤其是空前的“TheresultisazoneinBeijingwithover160speciesofbirds.Inmanyways，theparkistheoppositeofazoo”可知，空处内容应与空前一句为话题一致、内容上承接的关系，故选E。]5．C　[空前一句表述人类与野生生物共享城市空间的好处，空后一句与空前一句形成对比，再结合空后一句中的“too”可知，选项C符合语境。]Ⅲ.语法填空(2020·广州市调研测试)Weallknowcleanwaterisimportantforgoodhealth.Butnowwealsoknowweshouldwatch1．________wekeepourwaterin.Plasticbottleshardenedwithadangerousmaterial2．________(call)BPAcanreleaseachemicalintoourwaterthatharmsourbodies.Since2001，manycountries3．________(ban)plasticwithBPAfrom，useinfoodcontainersandfeedinbottles.ButareothernonBPAplasticssafe?PlasticlabeledBPAfreemightuseotherchemicalsthathave4．________(harm)effectsonhealth.5．________(study)haveshownthatlowlevelsofthosechemicalsmighthavethesameeffectsasBPA.So，whatshouldpeopledo?The6．________(good)materialtodrinkfromisglass，7．________hasnochemicalsthatcanpoison\nwater.Anothergoodchoice8．________awatercontainerisastainlesssteel(不锈钢)bottle.Stainlesssteelbottlesarebetterthanaluminum(铝)bottles，whicharecoveredwiththinplastic9．________(protect)themetalfromacids(酸)．Therearemanygoodfoodgradestainlesssteelwaterbottlesonthemarket.Ifyoudodecidetouseareusableplasticwaterbottle，avoid10．________(keep)itinthesun.Sunlightandhotliquidspeedupthereleaseofchemicalsintoyourdrinkingwater.【语篇解读】　用BPA硬化而成的塑料瓶在存放水时会释放一种对身体有害的化学物质，一些标明不含BPA的塑料也可能使用了对健康有害的其他化学物质。存放水的最佳材料是玻璃，不锈钢也是不错的选择。1．what　[考查宾语从句。根据下文中的“Plasticbottles”可知，此处表示我们现在还知道应该留意存放水的地方。分析该句结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作介词in的宾语，表示“……的事物”，故用what引导该宾语从句。]2．called　[考查过去分词。分析句子结构可知，adangerousmaterial和动词call之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用call的过去分词形式。]3．havebanned　[考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的时间状语“Since2011”可知，该句应用现在完成时，又因主语manycountries为复数，故填havebanned。]4．harmful　[考查形容词。形容词修饰名词，空处修饰名词effects，故用harm的形容词形式harmful。]5．Studies　[考查名词的单复数。根据该句中的“haveshown”可知，该句主语应为复数，且此处study作“研究，调查”讲，是可数名词，故用study的复数形式。]6．best　[考查形容词的最高级。上文介绍了两种对身体有害的塑料存水容器，结合该句中的“The”并根据语境可知，此处表示用来喝水的最好的材料是玻璃。故用形容词的最高级形式。]7．which　[考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词为glass，故用which引导该从句。]8．for/as/of　[考查介词。根据本句句意可知，此处可表示用途，故用for或者as；此处也可以表示“关于”，故用of。]9．toprotect　[考查动词不定式。句意：不锈钢瓶比铝瓶好，铝瓶上覆盖着薄薄的塑料以保护金属不被酸腐蚀。空处表示目的，故用动词不定式。]10．keeping　[考查动名词。avoiddoingsth.为固定用法，意为“避免做某事”。]Ⅳ.短文改错(2020·成都市高中毕业班第一次诊断性检测)LastsummerIdecidedtogetmyfirst\njob.Thiswaspossibleoneofthehardesttasks.Forme，itwasanotherstepmovedfromadependentchildtoafairlyindependentadult.Ihadneverholdajobbeforebecauseofmyparentswantedmetofocusonschool.SoIhadneverworkedthedayinmylife.Atfirst，itisextremelytough.Isentapplicationshopingtogetmyfirstcoupleofchoice.YetIgotneithercallsoremails.Luckily，halfwaythroughthethirdweek，Ifinallygotacall.Itwasnotmyfirstchoice，butwecouldnotsayno.Andaftertheinterview，IwasmorethanreadystartworkingthefollowingMonday.【答案】LastsummerIdecidedtogetmyfirstjob.Thiswasoneofthehardesttasks.Forme，itwasanotherstepfromadependentchildtoafairlyindependentadult.Ihadneverajobbeforebecausemyparentswantedmetofocusonschool.SoIhadneverworkeddayinmylife.Atfirst，itextremelytough.Isentapplicationshopingtogetmyfirstcoupleof.YetIgotneithercallsemails.Luckily，halfwaythroughthethirdweek，Ifinallygotacall.Itwasnotmyfirstchoice，butcouldnotsayno.Andaftertheinterview，IwasmorethanreadystartworkingthefollowingMonday.