高考英语 维“升”素28 财富人生

高考维“升”素28——财富人生（时间：30分钟分值：56分）维A阅读理解(每题2分，满分8分)(2012·大纲全国卷Ⅰ)LastnightIwasdrivingfromHarrisburgtoLewisburg，adistanceofabouteightymiles.Itwaslate.SeveraltimesIgotstuckbehindaslowmovingtruckonanarrowroadwithasolidwhitelineonmyleft，andIbecameincreasinglyimpatient.Atonepointalonganopenroad，Icametoacrossingwithatrafficlight.Iwasaloneontheroadbynow，butasIdrovenearthelight，itturnedredandImadeastop.Ilookedleft，rightandbehindme.Nothing.Notacar，nosuggestionofcarlamps，butthereIsat，waitingforthelighttochange，theonlyhumanbeingforatleastamileinanydirection.IstartedwonderingwhyIrefusedtorunthelight.Iwasnotafraidofbeingcaught，becausetherewasclearlynopolicemanaround，andtherecertainlywouldhavebeennodangeringoingthroughit.Muchlaterthatnight，thequestionofwhyI'dstoppedforthatlightcamebacktome.IthinkIstoppedbecauseit'spartofacontract(契约)weallhavewitheachother.It'snotonlythelaw，butit'sanagreementwehave，andwetrusteachothertohonorit：wedon'tgothroughredlights.Trustisourfirstinclination(倾向)．Doubtingothersdoesnotseemtobenaturaltous.Thewholeconstructionofoursocietydependsonmutual(相互)trust，notdistrust.Wedowhatwesaywe'lldo；weshowupwhenwesaywe'llshowup；andwepaywhenwesaywe'llpay.Wetrusteachotherinthesematters，andwe'reangryordisappointedwiththepersonororganizationthatbreaksthetrustwehaveinthem.Iwassoproudofmyselfforstoppingfortheredlightthatnight.【语篇解读】漆黑的夜晚，空旷的道路，作者独自等候在红灯前，只为自己内心的那份信任。1．Whydidtheauthorgetimpatientwhiledriving?A．Hewaslonelyontheroad.B．Hewassloweddownbyatruck.9\nC．Hegottiredofdrivingtoolong.D．Hecameacrosstoomanytrafficlights.答案　B　[考查细节理解。根据第一段后半部分的内容可知，作者因前方有一辆缓慢行驶的卡车而变得不耐烦。]2．Whatwastheauthor'simmediateactionwhenthetrafficlightturnedred?A．Stoppingstill.B．Drivingthroughit.C．Lookingaroundforothercars.D．Checkingoutfortrafficpolice.答案　A　[考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“...itturnedredandImadeastop”可知，作者的瞬时反应是立刻停车。]3．Theeventmadetheauthorstronglybelievethat______.A．trafficrulesmaybeunnecessaryB．doubtingothersishumannatureC．patienceisimportanttodriversD．asocietyneedsmutualtrust答案　D　[考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段第三句的内容可知，这件事让作者深信社会需要相互信任。]4．Whywastheauthorproudofhimself?A．Hekepthispromise.B．Heheldbackhisanger.C．Hefollowedhisinclination.D．Hemadearightdecision.答案　D　[考查推理判断。由第二、三段作者在无人的十字路口的左顾右盼及后来的所思所想，再结合最后一段可知，作者在无人的十字路口遵守了交通规则，没有闯红灯，这个决定是正确的，因此，作者为此深感自豪。]维B完形填空(每题1.5分，满分30分)选材网站：http：//www.powells.com高考曾用材料：2012大纲全国卷Ⅱ选材相似度：★★★★9\n设题相似度：★★★难度系数：★★★★Likethatofherowncharacter，HarryPotter，J.K.Rowling'slifeislikeafairytale.Divorced，livingonpublicassistanceinatinyEdinburghflatwithherinfantdaughter，Rowling__1__HarryPotterandtheSorcerer'sStone__2__atableinacafeduringherdaughter'snaps—anditwasHarryPotter__3__rescuedher.Rowling__4__thatshealwayswantedtowriteandthatthefirst__5__sheactuallywrotedown，whenshewasfiveorsix，wasastoryaboutarabbit__6__Rabbit.Manyofherfavorite__7__centeraroundreading—hearingTheWindintheWillows__8__aloudbyherfatherwhenshehadthemeasles，enjoyingthefantasticadventurestoriesofE．Nesbit，andherfavoritestoryofall，TheLittleWhiteHorse.AtExeterUniversityRowlingtookherdegreeinFrenchand__9__oneyearstudyinginParis.AftercollegeshemovedtoLondonto__10__asaresearcherandbilingualsecretary.Thebestthingaboutworkinginanoffice，shehassaid，was__11__upstoriesonthecomputerwhennoonewas__12__.Duringthistime，onaparticularlylongtrainridefromManchestertoLondoninthesummerof1990，theidea__13__herofaboywhoisawizardanddoesn'tknowit.He__14__aschoolforwizardry—shecouldseehimveryplainlyinhermind.Bythetimethetrain__15__intoKingsCrossstationfourhourslater，manyofthecharactersandtheearlystagesoftheplotwerefully__16__inherhead.Thestorytookfurthershapeasshecontinuedworkingonitin__17__andcafesoverherlunchhours.AfterhermarriagetoaPortugueseTVjournalistendedindivorce，RowlingreturnedtoBritainwithherinfantdaughterandasuitcasefullofHarryPotternotesand__18__.ShesettledinEdinburghtobenearhersisterand__19__tofinishthebookbeforelookingforateachingjob.Wheelingherdaughter'scarriagearoundthecitytoescapetheir__20__，coldapartment，shewouldduckintocoffeeshopstowritewhenthebabyfellasleep.Inthiswayshefinishedthebookandstartedsendingittopublishers.Notes：①measlen．麻疹　②bilingualadj.双语的9\n【语篇解读】HarryPotter是受全世界书迷喜欢的系列小说，可很少有人知道此书的作者J.K.Rowling的命运就像书中人物哈利·波特一样具有传奇色彩。1．A.readB．recitedC．wroteD．copied答案　C　[作为一个作家，应该是“写”或“创作”小说。]2．A.onB．inC．aroundD．at答案　D　[写作时应该是“坐在桌子前”，用atatable。]3．A.whatB．thatC．whichD．who答案　B　[本句采用了强调句型，强调的是主语HarryPotter。]4．A.remembersB．thinksC．remindsD．supposes答案　A　[此处是Rowling对往事的回忆，所以应该选remembers。]5．A.bookB．storyC．novelD．fiction答案　B　[下文“wasastoryaboutarabbit__6__Rabbit”暗示了答案。novel指一般的小说；fiction多指科幻方面的小说。]6．A.coloredB．publishedC．calledD．replaced答案　C　[语境为“关于一只名叫Rabbit的兔子的故事”。]7．A.songsB．sportsC．thingsD．memories答案　D　[此段主要讲述的是Rowling对往事的回忆，这里的意思为“她的许多美好回忆集中在读书上”。]8．A.spokenB．saidC．toldD．read答案　D　[readaloud意思为“大声朗读”；虽然tell可以表示“讲故事”，但它不与aloud搭配。]9．A.costB．sparedC．tookD．spent答案　D　[spendtime(in)doingsth为固定结构。]10．A.regardB．considerC．workD．treat答案　C　[虽然四个动词都与as搭配，但此处表示“当研究员和秘书”，所以用workas。]11．A.searchingB．readingC．listeningD．typing答案　D　[此处表示在上班期间搞业余创作，应该是在电脑上把构思的小说“打出来”。]9\n12．A.noticingB．watchingC．observingD．seeing答案　B　[语境为“当没有观察时，她就在电脑上打字”。watch表示“观看，观察，监视”，符合语境；notice表示“无意中注意到”；observe多表示“搞专门研究的人长期地进行某一方面的观察”；see表示“有意或无意中看到”。]13．A.cametoB．strucktoC．stucktoD．hiton答案　A　[表示“某人产生一个主意”常用anideacomestosb，anideastrikessb或sbhitson/uponanidea。]14．A.studiesB．attendsC．buildsD．goes答案　B　[与上学有关的短语为studyat/inaschool，attendaschool，enteraschool和gotoschool。]15．A.enteredB．pulledC．reachedD．arrived答案　B　[火车进站、出站常用动词“pullinto”和“pulloutof”。另外，这两个短语还可表示轮船进出码头。]16．A.organizedB．takenC．formedD．appeared答案　C　[此处表示故事中的人物和前边的部分已经在她大脑中“形成”。]17．A.theatresB．pubsC．cinemasD．concerts答案　B　[由“overherlunchhours”可知，此处应选pubs(酒吧)。]18．A.chaptersB．booksC．magazinesD．newspapers答案　A　[从上文的“notes”一词和下文的“tofinishthebook”可知，此处表示那本书的“章节”。]19．A.setaboutB．setoffC．setupD．setout答案　D　[此处表示定居下来以后着手完成她的书。表示“着手干某事”常用setouttodosth和setaboutdoingsth两个短语，由后边的不定式结构推断出选D。setoff表示“动身，出发”；setup意为“建立”。]20．A.splendidB．largeC．comfortableD．tiny答案　D　[此处意为“离开她们狭小而又寒冷的公寓……”。]维C阅读理解(每题2分，满分8分)选材网站：www.news.stanford.edu/news高考曾用材料：2012湖南卷A篇9\n选材相似度：★★★★设题相似度：★★★难度系数：★★★WhenIwas17，Ireadaquotethatwentsomethinglike:“Ifyouliveeachdayasifitwereyourlast，somedayyou'llmostcertainlyberight.”Itmadeanimpressiononme，andsincethen，forthepast33years，Ihavelookedinthemirroreverymorningandaskedmyself，“Iftodaywerethelastdayofmylife，wouldIwanttodowhatIamabouttodotoday？”RememberingthatI'llbedeadsoonisthemostimportanttoolI'veeverencounteredtohelpmemakethebigchoicesinlife.AboutayearagoIwasdiagnosedwithcancer.Thedoctorstoldmethiswasalmostcertainlyatypeofcancerthatwasincurable，andthatIwouldlivenolongerthanthreetosixmonths.Mydoctoradvisedmetogohomeandgetmyaffairsinorder，whichisdoctors'codeforpreparingyourselftodie.Ilivedwiththatdiagnosisallday.Iwascompletelyindespair.LaterthateveningIhadanotherbiopsyandmywifetoldmethattumorturnedouttobecurablewithsurgery.IhadthesurgeryandI'mfinenow.ThiswastheclosestI'vebeentofacingdeath.Totellthetruth，noonewantstodie.Andyetdeathisthedestinationweallshare.Noonehaseverescapedit.Itclearsouttheoldtomakeroomforthenew.Rightnowthenewisyou，butsomedaynottoolongfromnow，youwillgraduallybecometheoldandbeclearedaway.Yourtimeissolimitedthatyoushouldn'twasteitrepeatingsomeoneelse'slife.Don'tbetrappedbydogma—whichislivingwiththeresultsofotherpeople'sthinking.Don'tletthenoiseofothers'opinionsdrownoutyourowninnervoice.Andmostimportant，havethecouragetofollowyourheart.Itsomehowalreadyknowswhatyoutrulywanttobecome.Everythingelseissecondary.Notes：①biopsyn．活组织检查　②tumorn．肿瘤【语篇解读】这是苹果公司CEO乔布斯在斯坦福大学毕业典礼上演讲的节选部分。在这部分内容中，他诚恳地表达了自己对死亡的看法。9\n1．Thedoctoradvisedtheauthortogohomeandgethisaffairsinorderbecause________.A．hehadtorestathomeB．hisdiseasecouldn'tbecuredC．hisdiseasewasnotseriousatallD．hehadtowaitfortheresultofthetest答案　B　[细节理解题。由第三段的“incurable”以及“whichisdoctors'codeforpreparingyourselftodie”可知，医生认为作者的病无法治愈。]2．Howdidtheauthorfeelafterthediagnosis?A．Calm.B．Excited.C．Hopeless.D．Optimistic.答案　C　[细节理解题。由第四段的“Iwascompletelyindespair”可知诊断结果出来之后，作者感到很绝望。]3．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofdeath?A．Hethinksitisnothingtobescaredof.B．Hethinksitisimpossibletoavoid.C．Hethinksitisnottheendoflife.D．Hethinksitisthebeginningofanewlife.答案　B　[细节理解题。由第五段可知，作者认为没有人愿意死，但是死亡是我们每个人共同的终点，没有人能够逃脱它。故选B。]4．Intheauthor'sopinion，weshould________.A．followothers'adviceB．dowhatwewantC．keepapositiveattitudetowardslifeD．takeexerciseandkeephealthy答案　B　[推理判断题。最后一段中，作者提到“人们的时间很有限，不要将它们浪费在重复其他人的生活上。不要让其他人喧嚣的观点掩盖你真正的内心的声音。要有勇气去听从直觉和心灵的指示”。由此可知，B项(做我们想做的事情)为最佳选项。]维D根据短文内容，从下框的A～F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余项。(每题2分，满分10分)9\nDailyhabitscanaffectourwellbeing.Herearefivesimpleactionsthatresearchhasshownmakepeoplefeelgood.1.Pausenowandthentosmellaroseorwatchchildrenatplay.“Studyparticipantswhotooktimetosavorordinaryeventsthattheynormallyhurriedthrough，ortothinkbackonpleasantmomentsfromtheirday，showedsignificantincreasesinhappinessandreductionsindepression，”sayspsychologistSonjaLyubomirsky.2.Peoplewhoputmoneyhighontheirprioritylistaremoreatriskfordepression，anxiety，andlowselfesteem，accordingtoresearchersTimKasserandRichardRyan.Theirfindingsholdtrueacrossnationsandcultures.“Themoreweseeksatisfactionsinmaterialgoods，thelesswefindthemthere，”Ryansays.“Thesatisfactionhasashorthalflife—it'sveryfleeting.”Moneyseekersalsoscorelowerontestsofvitalityandselfactualization.3.“Peoplewhostruggleforsomethingsignificant，whetherit'slearninganewcraftorraisingmoralchildren，arefarhappierthanthosewhodon'thavestrongdreamsoraspirations，”sayEdDienerandRobertBiswasDiener.“Ashumans，weactuallyrequireasenseofmeaningtothrive.”Harvard'sprofessor，TalBenShahar，agrees，“Happinessliesattheintersectionbetweenpleasureandmeaning.Whetheratworkorathome，thegoalistoengageinactivitiesthatarebothpersonallysignificantandenjoyable.”4.Peoplewhokeepgratitudejournalsonaweeklybasisarehealthier，moreoptimistic，andmorelikelytomakeprogresstowardachievingpersonalgoals，accordingtoauthorRobertEmmons.ResearchbyMartinSeligman，founderofpositive9\npsychology，revealedthatpeoplewhowrite“gratitudeletters”tosomeonewhomadeadifferenceintheirlivesscorehigheronhappiness，andlowerondepression—andtheeffectlastsforweeks.5.AstudybyDukeUniversityshowsthatexercisemaybejustaseffectiveasdrugsintreatingdepression，withoutallthesideeffectsandexpense.Otherresearchshowsthatinadditiontohealthbenefits，regularexerciseoffersasenseofaccomplishmentandopportunityforsocialinteraction，releasesfeelgoodendorphins，andboostsselfesteem.答案　1.C　2.D　3.B　4.E　5.A9