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2022年高考英语二轮专题复习:语法填空 专项练习题(含答案解析)

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2022年高考英语二轮专题复习:语法填空专项练习题Passage1(2021·陕西咸阳高考一模)Locationisafactorthatcannot1.    (ignore)whenchoosingauniversity.Somepeoplelikethe2.    (convenient)ofbigcities,butotherslikethetranquility(宁静)ofasmallercollegetown.Ifstudentschoosetostudyabroad,isitimportanttochooseabigcity?Before3.    (answer)thequestion,let’stake4.    lookatstudentsstudyinginChina.ManystudentsprefertostudyinbigcitieslikeBeijingorShanghai.Inabigcity,studentscangetalmostanywheretheyneedtobewithconvenienttransportation.Studentscaneasilyaccessmuseums,concerts,5.    (theater)andculturaleventsalmostallofthetime.Also,internships,cooperativeclassesandothercareer-boostingexperiencesaremuchmoreaccessible. However,studentsstudyinginbigcitieswill6.    (typical)faceahighercostofliving.Eventhoughthere7.    (be)moreopportunitiestogooutanddofunthingsinthecity,itmaytakefocusawayfromyourstudies. Thatmightbepartofthereason8.    manystudentspreferacollegeinasmalltown. Besidesthe9.    (low)costoflivingandfewerdistractions,there’sacloserfeelingofcommunityamongstudents. Sowhenyouchoosethelocationofyourfutureuniversity,bothbigcitiesandsmalltownscanbeperfect.Thepointistoconsideryourownpersonalpreferencesandlisten10.    yourheart,personalneedsandcareergoals—thenyouwillfindthebestoptionforyou. 答案及剖析:本文是一篇说明文。文章对选择大学时地理位置的重要性进行了说明。阅读本文,有利于增强学生对选择未来大学地理位置的关注。第30页共30页,1.beignored 考查被动语态。that代指先行词afactor,与ignore构成被动关系,用被动语态,情态动词cannot后接动词原形。故填beignored。2.convenience 考查名词。根据空前定冠词the及空后介词短语ofbigcities可知,此处要用名词形式,故填convenience。3.answering 考查非谓语动词。介词before后应用动词-ing形式作宾语。4.a 考查冠词。takealookat意为“看一看……”,为固定搭配。5.theaters 考查名词复数。根据“museums,concerts”可知,此处应用名词复数。6.typically 考查副词。修饰动词face应用副词。7.are 考查时态和主谓一致。陈述的是客观事实,用一般现在时,根据therebe句型中的主语moreopportunities可知应用are。8.why 考查定语从句的关系词。关系词指代先行词thereason并在从句中作原因状语。9.lower 考查形容词比较级。根据fewerdistractions可知,此处应用形容词比较级。10.to 考查介词。listento意为“倾听”,为固定搭配。Passage2  ThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.AwakeningofInsects(惊蛰)usually1.    (fall)onMar.5orsoeachyear. 第30页共30页,AwakeningofInsectssignalsariseintemperatureandincreasedrainfall.Asthe2.    (three)solarterminthelunaryear,3.    (it)namesuggeststhefactthatanimalssleepinginwinterareawakened4.    springthunderandthattheearthbeginstocomebacktolife.Itisthekeytimeforspringagricultural5.    (activity).Itisalsoagoodtimeforpeopletoenjoyfunoutdoors,especiallyforpeoplelivinginthecity.6.    (drive)tothesuburbs,fishinginalakeorenjoyingthesingingbirdwillmakeforaperfectweekendinspring.Themostpopularfruitinthisseasonispears. EatingpearsaroundtheAwakeningofInsects7.    (be)awidely-practicedcustominChina.Astheweathergets8.    (warm)andtheairbecomesdrier,peopletendtofeeltheirmouthsandtonguesaredry,9.    cancausecoldsorcoughs.Apearissweet,juicyandcold,moistening(湿润)thelungstoarrestacough.10.    ,pearsarehighlyrecommendedduringtheAwakeningofInsects. 答案及剖析:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我国农历传统节气惊蛰的习俗。阅读本文有利于加强学生对于传统文化和习俗的了解,坚定文化自信。1.falls 考查时态和主谓一致。陈述客观事实用一般现在时,且主语为第三人称单数,故填falls。2.third 考查序数词。根据句意可知,这里表示“第三”,应用序数词。故填third。3.its 考查代词。修饰名词name,用形容词性物主代词。故填its。第30页共30页,4.by 考查介词。结合句意可知,冬眠的动物被春雷唤醒,表示“被”用介词by。故填by。5.activities 考查名词复数。名词activity为可数名词,此处用复数形式。故填activities。6.Driving 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句中缺少主语,应用动词-ing形式作主语。故填Driving。7.is 考查主谓一致。动词-ing形式作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。8.warmer 考查形容词的比较级。根据andtheairbecomesdrier提示可知,这里用形容词的比较级形式。故填warmer。9.which 考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。用which指代前面的事情。故填which。10.Therefore/Thus 考查副词。根据前后句之间的关系可知,这里为因果关系。根据逗号可知,这里用副词形式。故填Therefore/Thus。Passage3(2021·湖南全真一模)China’scapitalcity,Beijing,hasopenedanewbicyclehighwaythat1.    (connect)theneighbourhoodsofHuilongguaninChangpingDistrictwiththe2.    (rapid)developinghightechindustrialzoneintheHaidianDistrictjust6.5kilometresaway.Beforeopeningthenewhighway,thetrip3.    bikefromonedistricttotheothercouldtakealmostanhourandahalfbecausetherewereseveralbusyhighwaystocrossinbetween,4.    nowthetripcanbemadeinabout25minutes.Despiteheavytraffic,some40%ofpeoplelivinginHuilongguan第30页共30页,stillchoose5.    (drive)theircarstowork—acommute(上下班路程)thatcantakehours. Thenewbicyclehighwayisthreelanes(车道)wideandhastrafficlights.It6.    (raise)highinseveralareassothatitcrossesoverandaboveexistingvehiclehighways.Itwillofferbicyclecommutersamore7.    (enjoy)bikingexperiencewhilereducingthetimebicyclistsspend8.    (wait)attrafficlights.BeijingMunicipalInstituteofCityPlanningandDesignbegandesigningthebicyclehighwayin2016and9.    (construct)startedin2017.AsecondstageofthebicyclehighwaywilllaterconnectittoZhongguancun,consideredChina’sSiliconValley,10.    nearly20%ofpeopleinHuilongguanwork. 答案及剖析:本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国首都北京开通的一条新的自行车“高速”专用路,它连接昌平区回龙观街区和海淀区高科技工业区。阅读本文,有利于提高学生了解新鲜事物的能力。1.connects 考查时态和主谓一致。此处为定语从句修饰先行词anewbicyclehighway,从句陈述客观事实应用一般现在时,且从句中谓语动词与先行词保持一致应用单数。2.rapidly 考查副词。修饰形容词developing应用副词rapidly,作状语。3.by 考查介词。表示“骑车”短语为bybike。4.but 考查连词。结合前后文语境可知此处为转折关系,应用转折连词but。5.todrive 考查非谓语动词。choosetodosth.意为“选择做某事”。第30页共30页,6.israised 考查时态和语态。根据后文“crossesover”可知应用一般现在时,且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,故应用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为it,be动词用单数。7.enjoyable 考查形容词。修饰名词短语bikingexperience应用形容词enjoyable,作定语。8.waiting 考查非谓语动词。spendtimedoingsth.意为“花费时间做某事”。9.construction 考查名词。此处作主语,表示“建造”应用名词construction,且construction表抽象意义,不可数。10.where 考查定语从句的关系词。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Zhongguancun,且先行词在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where。Passage4Somethingsignificantishappeningtotheworldpopulation—itisaging.Themedian(中位数的)ageofanAmericanin19501.    (be)30—todayitis41andisexpected2.    (increase)to42by2050.ForJapan,the3.    (number)aremorestriking—22in1950,46todayand53in2050.In2015,onein12peoplearoundtheworldwereover65;by2050,itwillbeoneinsix. Thisagingofthepopulationisdriven4.    twofactors.Thefirstisdecliningbirthrate,whichmeansoldgenerationsarelarge5.    (compare)toyoungergenerations,andso,onaverage,thepopulationbecomes6.    (old)thanbefore.Thisis7.    (particular)trueintheUS.Thesecondreasonisthatpeoplearelivinglonger.AchildbornintheUStodayhas8.    veryrealisticchanceoflivingbeyond100andneedstoplanaccordingly. Peopletendtofocusonthefirstfactor.However,greaterattentionshould第30页共30页,9.    (place)onlongevity(长寿).Itisn’tjustthatpeopleare,onaverage,livinglonger.It’salsothattheyareonaveragehealthier10.    moreproductiveforlonger.Therefore,theycanworkforlonger,consumemoreandingeneralbeaboosttotheeconomy. 答案及剖析:这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了当前世界老龄化的现象以及造成这一现象的两大因素。阅读本文有利于学生了解社会动态。1.was 考查时态和主谓一致。结合上文的主语age可知,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,同时根据in1950可知,此处的时态为一般过去时,故填was。2.toincrease 考查非谓语动词。根据isexpected可知,其后需要接不定式todo结构,意为“预计将……”。3.numbers 考查名词复数。根据下文的are可知这里需要number的复数形式,故填numbers。4.by 考查介词。根据上下文可知,空处位于表示被动的动词后,故应填by表示“由,被”。5.compared 考查非谓语动词。结合句式结构可知,此处为非谓语动词,且compare与逻辑主语oldgenerations是动宾关系,故填compared。comparedto是固定结构,意为“与……相比”。第30页共30页,6.older 考查形容词比较级。结合句意和下文的thanbefore可知,这里意为“比以前更加年老”,故填older。7.particularly 考查副词。根据句式结构可知,此处修饰形容词true,故填副词。8.a 考查冠词。根据下文的chance可知,这里表示“非常实际的一个可能性”,且very以辅音音素开头,故填不定冠词a,表示泛指。9.beplaced 考查被动语态。结合句意可知,此处attention与place构成被动关系。又因空前是情态动词should,故填beplaced。10.and 考查连词。healthier和moreproductive构成并列关系,故填and。Passage5(2021·河南郑州高三模拟)Whydoesautumnhavetwonames?AccordingtoMerriam-Webster,“autumn”appearedfirstinEnglishinthe1300s,comingfromtheLatinword“autumnus”.“Autumn”caughtonquickly,likelybecauseitreplacedthe1.    (origin)name“harvest”.Asyoumightimagine,whencropswerecollectedfromthefields,callingtheseason“harvest”mightmakepeople2.    (confuse)because“harvest”isalsothenamefortheact3.    (it). So“autumn”appearedinsteadof“harvest”.Thentheterm“autumn”,4.    wasreferredtotheseasonbetweensummerandwinter,lastedforacoupleof5.    (century).“Fall”asanamefortheseasoncameaboutsometimeinthe1500s,ashortenedversionoftheverypoeticphrasefor“thefallofleaves”.TheEnglishphrasehadtruemeaningoftheseasonwithoutleading6.    anyconfusion.Notevenacenturylater,thephrasebecameasimpleword:fall. Aroundthissametime,theEnglishlanguagewastravellingacrosstheglobeasBritainexpanded,anditwas7.    (go)throughsomechanges,asmanylanguagesdid.Thiswas8.    (particular)trueintheAmericancolonies第30页共30页,(殖民地).SomeEnglishwordschangedintheUS,whetherintermsofspelling9.    intermsofgeneralusage.Inthemid-1800s,BritishandAmericanEnglishspeakersfurtherdevelopedindifferentwaysand“fall”,wasthecommonwordfor“autumn”intheUS,whileautumn10.    (regard)asthewordforfallinEngland. 答案及剖析:本文是一篇说明文。“秋天”这个单词有两种说法:autumn和fall。本文介绍了它们的具体由来。阅读本文有利于培养学生的跨文化意识。1.original 考查形容词。根据空后的名词name可知,此处应填形容词original,original作定语修饰name。2.confused 考査形容词。此处是“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,表示的是“让人们感到困惑”,所以应用-ed形式的形容词。故填confused。3.itself 考查代词。反身代词itself在此处作theact的同位语。4.which 考査定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代上文的autumn,且在从句中作主语。故填which。5.centuries 考查名词复数。根据空前的acoupleof可知,此处应填centuries。6.to 考査介词。leadto是固定短语,意为“导致”。7.going 考查时态。根据语境可知,此句应用过去进行时,故填going。8.particularly 考查副词。修饰形容词true,应用副词particularly。9.or 考査连词。whether...or...为固定搭配,意为“或者……或者……”。10.wasregarded 考查时态和语态。根据上文的时态可知,此处也应用一般过去时,且autumn和regard是动宾关系。故此处应该用一般过去时的被动语态。第30页共30页,Passage6(2021·安徽合肥高三第二次诊断检测)ChopsticksplayanimportantroleinChinesefoodculture.Chinesechopsticksareroundontheeatingendwhichsymbolisesheaven,whiletheotherendissquarewhichsymbolisesearth.Thisisbecausekeepingenoughfoodis1.    (great)concernthananythingelse. Itisimportanttonotethatchopsticksareusedinmanydifferentculturesandthereisnosinglestandardfortheuseofchopsticks.Herearesomecustoms2.    (associate)withchopsticksinChina.Playingwithchopsticks3.    (consider)badmanners.Andchopsticksshouldnotbeplaced4.    (vertical)inabowlofriceorotherfood.Anystick-likeobjectpointingupward5.    (resemble)theincense(香)sticksthatpeopleuse6.    offeringstotheirdeadfamilymembers.Itisalsobadmannerstotapchopstickson7.    edgeofone’sbowl,becauseinancientChinabeggarsoftenmadethisnoise8.    (attract)attention. InChinese,“chopsticks”reads“kuaizi”,whichmeans“tohavesonssoon”,soanewly-marriedcouplewillbeveryhappytoacceptchopsticksas9.    (they)weddinggift. 10.    hasalreadybeenfoundoutisthatusingchopsticksimprovesone’smemory,increasesfingerdexterity(灵巧)andcanbeusefulinlearningandimprovingskillssuchasChinesecharacterprintingandbrushpainting. 第30页共30页,答案及剖析:本文是说明文。文章介绍了筷子的特征以及围绕筷子形成的一些习俗。阅读本文有利于学生了解中国传统文化。1.greater 考查形容词的比较级。根据下文中的“than”可知,此处要用形容词的比较级形式。2.associated 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处用过去分词短语“associatedwithchopsticks”作定语,修饰“customs”。3.isconsidered 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。该处为客观性描述,应用一般现在时;“Playingwithchopsticks”作主语,谓语动词用单数形式;且此处表示玩筷子被看作是不礼貌的行为,故用被动语态。4.vertically 考查副词。此处修饰谓语动词要用副词,故填vertically。5.resembles 考查时态和主谓一致。该处为客观性描述,应用一般现在时;本句为含有“that”引导的定语从句的主从复合句,其中主句的主语是“Anystick-likeobjectpointingupward”,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。6.as 考查介词。“as”在这里用作介词,意为“作为”。7.the 考查冠词。此处特指后面的“bowl”(碗)的边缘,故填定冠词。8.toattract 考查非谓语动词。此处用动词不定式短语“toattract”作目的状语。9.their 考查代词。此处的“weddinggift”与上文提到的“anewly-marriedcouple”为所属关系,故填their。10.What 考查主语从句的引导词。此处引导主语从句,且在从句中作主语,表示“……的事物”,故填What。第30页共30页,Passage7Chinaisconsideredthehomeoftea.ChineseteahadbeguntobeexportedtoJapanandKoreabeforeTangDynasty.Intheearlyperiodofthe17thcentury,Chinesetea1.    (export)toEurope.TheteafromChinaisingreatabundanceandvariety.2.    (tell)ifapotofteaisniceyoucanmainlyrely3.    thecolour,smelltasteandform. OneofChina’ssixfamousteatypesiswhitetea,4.    getsitsnamefromitssilver-whitecolour.It5.    (be)mainlygrownandproducedinFujianProvincewithalonghistory,datingbacktoNorthernSongDynastyinancientChina.Comparedwithothermajortypesoftea,itdistinguishesitselfby6.   (it)refreshinglysweettasteandbeautifulsilver-needle-likeshape,thusenjoyinggreatpopularityamongtea7.    (drink).Inaddition,thelongeritispreserved,thebetterhealth-buildingeffectsithas.8.    (amazing),ithasbeenprovedthatifdrunkregularly,whiteteawillgreatlybenefitpeople’sphysicalandmentalhealth.Thisisbecauseitcannotonlyprotectpeoplefrombeing9.    (strike)bysomecommondiseases,10.    alsocaneffectivelyrelievesymptoms. 第30页共30页,答案及剖析本文是说明文。中国被认为是茶的故乡,本文主要介绍了中国的白茶的特色以及白茶对健康的益处。阅读本文可以增强学生对于白茶相关知识的了解,提高用英语介绍中国事物的能力。1.wasexported 考查时态和语态。根据时间状语Intheearlyperiodofthe17thcentury可知,此处应用一般过去时,且分析句子结构可知,export和Chinesetea构成被动关系,故填wasexported。2.Totell 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处为动词不定式短语作目的状语,故填Totell。3.on 考查介词。relyon是固定短语,意为“依靠”。4.which 考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词whitetea,从句中缺少主语,故用which。5.is 考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知,这里为客观事实描述,故用一般现在时;又因主语为It,故填is。6.its 考查代词。空处修饰其后的名词词组,故用形容词性物主代词its。7.drinkers 考查名词复数。根据句中的“popularityamong”可知,此处表示在喝茶的人中大受欢迎;再结合常识可知喝茶的人不止一个,drinker是可数名词,故用其复数形式。8.Amazingly 考查副词。分析句子结构可知,该词位于句首修饰整个句子,作状语,故用副词。9.struck 考查非谓语动词。根据句中的“being”“bysomecommondiseases”可知,此处用strike的过去分词形式。10.but 考查连词。结合语境可知,此处考查固定用法notonly...butalso...。第30页共30页,Passage8  Scientistsfoundthatairpollutionmaycauseabigreductioninintelligence.Research1.    (conduct)inChinashowedthatairpollutionwasresponsible2.    bigfallsintestscoresforlanguagesandarithmetic.ThestudyiscalledTheinfluenceofexposuretoairpollutiononcognitive(认知)performance.It3.    (publish)intheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesjournal.Thestudytookplaceoverfouryears.Researchersanalysedspeaking4.    arithmeticteststakenby20,000peopleofall5.    (age).Theysaid,“Pollutedairmaypreventcognitiveabilityaspeoplebecomeolder.” Thestudyisa6.    (warn)totherestoftheworld,7.    (especial)thoseincities.Over91percentoftheworldpopulationliveinareaswithpoisonousairandairpollutionis8.    fourthhighestcauseofglobaldeaths.Researchersdiscoveredthatthelongerpeoplewereexposedtopollutedair,the9.    (great)theirintelligencewentdown.Theysaidairpollutioncausedayear’sworthoflosteducation.Forthoseagedover60,thiscouldbeseveralyears.Aresearcherwarned,“Thereisnoshortcut(捷径)tosolvethisproblem.Governmentsreallyneedtotakemeasures10.    (reduce)airpollution.” 答案及剖析:这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了空气污染对人的语言能力和计算能力产生不良影响,人们接触受污染的空气的时间越长,他们的智力越低,因此作者呼吁政府需要采取措施减少空气污染。本文有利于培养学生的环保意识。第30页共30页,1.conducted 考查非谓语动词。Research和conduct是动宾关系,因此用conduct的过去分词作后置定语。2.for 考查介词。beresponsiblefor意为“对……负责,是……的原因”。3.waspublished 考查时态和语态。由上下文可知,本句的事情发生在过去,应该用一般过去时。It作主语,它承受谓语动词publish的动作,因此用被动语态;又因主语为单数意义,故谓语动词用单数形式。4.and 考查连词。使用并列连词and连接speaking和arithmetic,表示并列意义。5.ages 考查名词复数。age(年龄)是可数名词,其前有all修饰,在句中要用复数形式。6.warning 考查名词。warn是动词,其前有不定冠词a,因此要用warn的名词形式warning。7.especially 考查副词。especially表示陈述某一事实之后,列举具有代表性的例子时作进一步强调,其后可接名词、介词短语、从句等。即副词especially修饰those(指人)incities,用于着重指出。8.the 考查冠词。序数词修饰形容词最高级时,其前要用定冠词the。9.greater 考查副词的比较级。the+比较级,the+比较级:意为“越……越……”,表示一方的程度随着另一方的变化而变化。10.toreduce 考查非谓语动词。takemeasurestodosth.意为“采取措施做某事”。Passage9  Volunteeringcan,infact,helpyoureducestress,learnskills,findnewfriends,andmakearealdifferenceinyournewcommunity.Ifyougiveit1.    try,itmightopenthedoortoarevolutionarytimeinyourlife.Volunteeringbringsjoytoothers.Youhavecleanwater,clothing,footwear,food,第30页共30页,andaccesstofree2.    (educate).Maybeit’stimetogivebackalittle.Useyourskills3.    (make)arealdifferenceinyourcommunity.Doyouliketoread?Consider4.    (teach).Doyouloveanimals?Workatananimalshelter.Areyouhandy?Volunteertobuildhousesandschoolsforthelessfortunate.Whenyouvolunteer,youwillfindthethingsthatdriveyouandmake5.    (you)heartpoundwithexcitement.Itchangesyourview.Anditcanalsohelpyourealize6.    youaretrulysupposedtodoinyourlife.Helpingothersandbeing7.    (use)canbringyouhighsatisfactionandmotivation,8.    arethefoundationforhealthymindandbody.Thesocialcontactaspectofvolunteeringcanhaveapowerfuleffectonyouroverallwell-being.Afterall,nothingfightsstress9.    (well)thanarealconnectionwithalike-mindedperson. Volunteeringwillmakeyoufeelgood.Itwillhelpyouappreciatetheamazing,generouslifeyou10.    (give),anditwillhelpyougrowasaperson. 答案及剖析:本文是一篇说明文。志愿服务可以帮助你减轻压力、学习技能、找到新的朋友,并在你的新社区中发挥真正的作用。阅读本文有利于提高学生的公共服务意识。1.a 考查冠词。givesth.atry固定结构,意为“试一下”。2.education 考查名词。根据前面的形容词可知,此处要用名词。3.tomake 考査非谓语动词。此处作目的状语,所以用动词不定式。4.teaching 考查非谓语动词。considerdoingsth.意为“考虑做某事”。第30页共30页,5.your 考査代词。heart是名词,所以用形容词性物主代词。6.what 考査名词性从句的引导词。所填的词引导宾语从句并在从句中作宾语,所以填what。7.useful 考查形容词。being是连系动词,所以用形容词。8.which 考查定语从句的关系词。所填的词引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语,所以填which。9.better 考查副词的比较级。根据后面的than可知,此处用比较级。10.havebeengiven 考查时态与语态。此处表示你已经被给予的生活,所以用现在完成时的被动语态。Passage10(2021·烟台、菏泽高三水平诊断)Thegiantpanda,also1.    (know)aspandabearorsimplypanda,isabearnative2.    southcentralChina.Inthepastmanyyears,thegiantpanda3.    (drive)outofthelowlandareaswhereitoncelivedasaresultoffarming,deforestationandother4.    (develop).Wildpopulationestimatesvary:oneestimateshowsthatthereareabout1,590individuals5.    (live)inthewild,whilea2006studyestimatedthatthisfigurecouldbeashighas2,000to3,000.Somereportsalsoshowthat6.    numberofgiantpandasinthewildisontherise. 第30页共30页,TheWestfirstlearnedofthegiantpandaonMarch11,1869,7.    theFrenchmissionary(传教士)ArmandDavidreceivedapandaskinfromahunter.In1936,RuthHarknessbecamethefirstWesterner8.    (bring)alivegiantpandanamedSuLintotheBrookfieldZooinChicago.Toprotectthepandas,in2012,EarthwatchInstitute,aglobalnonprofitthatteamsvolunteerswithscientiststoconductimportant9.    (science)research,launchedaprogramcalled“OntheTrailofGiantPanda”.Thisprogram,basedintheWolongNationalNatureReserve,allowsvolunteerstoworkupclosewithpandascaredforincaptivity(圈养),andhelpthem10.    (gradual)adapttolifeinthewild. 答案及剖析:本文是说明文。文章介绍了大熊猫的现状,以及西方人对大熊猫的了解和对大熊猫的保护项目。阅读本文有利于培养学生的动物保护意识。1.known 考查非谓语动词。本句的谓语是is,此处应用非谓语形式;Thegiantpanda和know之间是被动关系,此处应用过去分词作定语修饰Thegiantpanda,故填known。2.to 考査介词。benativeto是固定短语,意为“原产于”,故填to。3.hasbeendriven 考查时态和语态。根据时间状语Inthepastmanyyears可知,此处应用现在完成时;drive在此处意为“驱逐,赶走”,panda和drive之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,故填hasbeendriven。4.development 考查名词。形容词other修饰名词。development在此处意为“开发”,是不可数名词,故填development。第30页共30页,5.living 考查非谓语动词。本句的谓语是are,此处应用非谓语形式;individuals和live之间是主动关系,此处应用现在分词living作后置定语修饰individuals,故填living。6.the 考查冠词。此处指野生大熊猫的数量在增加。thenumberof是固定短语,意为“……的数量”,故填the。7.when 考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导定语从句,先行词是March11,1869,指时间,关系词在从句中作时间状语,故填when。8.tobring 考查非谓语动词。名词Westerner被序数词first修饰,后面用不定式作后置定语,故填tobring。9.scientific 考查形容词。应用形容词修饰名词research。scientific意为“科学的”,故填scientific。10.gradually 考查副词。应用副词修饰动词短语adaptto,故填gradually。Passage11(2021·福建泉州高中毕业班单科质量检查)Ifyouaskmiddleschoolstudentswhattheywanttobewhentheygrowup,theymightwanttobeadoctororscientist.Butifyouaskthem1.    moreinformationaboutthesejobs,theymightnotknowmuch.ArecentstudybyaChineseInternetcompany2.    (suggest)that60%ofmiddleschoolstudentssaytheyhavelittleknowledgeoftheirdreamjobs.“InChina,manymiddleschoolstudentsonlygetprofessionalinformationone-sidedlyduringtheir3.    (grow),”saidresearcherLiuMeng.“Thisgivesthemwrong4.    (idea)aboutsomejobs.”Gettingmorehands-onexperiencewillallowyoungpeopletostarttheircareerpathsmuch5.    (early)andallowthemtomakesurethatthecareerwhich6.    (choose)istherightoneforthem.MichelleDing,7.    18-第30页共30页,year-oldgirlfromShanghai,spenthersummervacation8.    (take)partintheUniversityofChicago’sPathwaystoEconomicsclass.Shelearned9.    (extreme)moreabouteconomicsbystudyinggametheory.“Atfirst,Iwasonlyinterestedineconomicsbecausemyfatherworksinthisfield,butnowI’vedevelopedtrueenthusiasmforeconomics10.    willmakeitmycareerchoiceinthefuture,”Dingsaid. 答案及剖析:本文是一篇新闻报道。研究表明,60%的中学生表示他们对梦想的工作一无所知。他们在成长过程中很少获得职业选择的正确信息。来自上海的18岁女孩MichelleDing暑假参加了芝加哥大学的经济学之路课程,使她对经济学有了更多的了解,由最初的对经济学感兴趣到现在的对经济学产生了真正的热情,最终她将经济学作为将来的职业选择。阅读本文有利于培养学生的职业规划意识。1.for 考查介词。asksb.forsth.意为“问某人要某物”。故填for。2.suggests/hassuggested 考查时态。该句表明一个客观事实,可以使用一般现在时,主语为Arecentstudy,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式suggests;根据该句中的“recent”可知,此处可以使用现在完成时,主语为Arecentstudy,谓语动词使用hassuggested。故填suggests/hassuggested。3.growth 考査名词。during是介词,后接名词作宾语;their是形容词性物主代词,它修饰名词作定语。grow的名词是growth。故填growth。4.ideas 考查名词复数。idea在此处是可数名词,用复数形式ideas。故填ideas。5.earlier 考查副词的比较级。early在此处是副词,修饰start。由本句中的more可知,early应使用比较级形式。故填earlier。第30页共30页,6.ischosen 考查时态和语态。which是引导定语从句的关系代词,先行词为thecareer,它在定语从句中作主语,从句的谓语动词是choose,thecareer承受choose的动作,根据空格后的is可知此处时态应为一般现在时,thecareer为单数。故填ischosen。7.an 考查冠词。此处表示一个女孩,应使用不定冠词,18-year-oldgirl中的18在英语中的第一个音素为元音。故填an。8.taking 考查非谓语动词。spend...(in)doingsth.意为“花费……做某事”。故填taking。9.extremely 考查副词。副词修饰more作状语,extreme是形容词,它的副词是extremely。10.and 考查连词。空格前后在语意上是顺承关系。故填and。Passage12(2021·福建高三毕业班质量检查测试)Acupuncture(针灸)isatraditionalChinesemedicalpracticeoftreating1.    (variety)physicalandmentalconditions.ItgainedrespectandinterestintheUnitedStatesafterTheNewYorkTimesjournalistJamesReston2.    (visit)China.DuringReston’sstayinChina,heneededanoperation.ChinesedoctorsusedacupunctureonRestonaftersurgery3.    (reduce)hispain,andhisrecoverywasswift.Curiousaboutthis,Restonwasallowedtowatchsurgeryonpatients4.    receivedacupunctureforanesthesia(麻醉).Patientstalkedwiththeirdoctorsduringtheoperationandthenwalkedbacktotheirrooms5.    theirown. Theeffectivenessofacupunctureleftsuchadeep6.    (impress)onRestonthathewroteafront-pagearticleinTheNewYorkTimesabouthisoperationuponreturningtotheUnitedStates.“Aleadingmedicalspecialist7.    (send)byPremierChouEn-lairemovedmyappendix(阑尾).Iwasconsciousin8.    wholeprocess.” TheNationalInstitutesofHealth(NIH)begantosponsorsomeoftheirtop第30页共30页,9.    (physician)tovisitChinatoinvestigateacupunctureanditspossiblefunctionsinwesternmedicine.Withyearsgoingby,acupuncturehasearned10.    (it)agreatreputationacrosstheworldwithmagicaleffect. 答案及剖析:本文是说明文。针灸是一种中国传统医学疗法,它可以治疗各种不同的身体和精神疾病。本文主要介绍了它是如何传到美国并在世界上享有盛誉的。阅读本文有利于培养学生的传统文化意识,增强学生的民族自豪感。1.various 考查形容词。分析句子结构可知,空处修饰名词conditions,应用形容词形式,所以填various。2.visited 考查时态。分析句子成分可知,空处为after引导的时间状语从句的谓语,根据主句中的gained可知,此处是在讲过去发生的事情,故应用一般过去时,所以填visited。3.toreduce 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处和句子的谓语used之间没有连词,应用动词的非谓语形式。此处表示目的,应用动词不定式,所以填toreduce。4.who/that 考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,在从句中作主语,修饰表示人的先行词patients,所以填who/that。5.on 考查介词。onone’sown意为“独自地,独立地”,是固定搭配,所以填on。6.impression 考查名词。根据空前的冠词a和形容词deep可知,此处应用名词,leaveanimpressiononsb.意为“给某人留下印象”是固定搭配,所以填impression。第30页共30页,7.sent 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处和句子的谓语removed之间没有连词,应用动词的非谓语形式,又其和句子的主语“Aleadingmedicalspecialist”构成逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词形式sent。8.the 考查冠词。根据语境可知,此处表示“在整个过程中”,故应用inthewholeprocess表示,所以填the。9.physicians 考查名词复数。physician是可数名词,根据该句中的someof可知,此处应用其复数形式,所以填physicians。10.itself 考查代词。空处与句子的主语acupuncture呼应,故用it的反身代词作earned的宾语,表示“针灸已经在世界各地为自己赢得了极好的声誉”,所以填itself。Passage13(2021年新高考I卷)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。GoingtoMountHuangshanremindsmeofthepopularBeatles’song“TheLongandWindingRoad”.____56____issobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheout-of-this-worldscenes.Therollingseaofcloudsyouseeonceyouareatthetopwillremindyouhowtinywe____57____(human)are.Thehotspringatthefootofthemountainissomethingyoumusttryaftertheclimb.Itwill____58____(undoubted)helpyougetrefreshed!Theamazingthingaboutthespringisthatthecolderthetemperaturegets,the____59____(hot)thespring!Strange,isn’tit?Butthat’shownatureis—alwaysleavingus____60____(astonish).Whatcomesnextistheendlessseriesofsteps.Youcan’thelpwonderinghowhardit____61____(be)forthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace.Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventure____62____offersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyour____63____(ache)legs.Asthesonggoes,thislongandwindingroad“willneverdisappear”,anditwillalwaysstickinthevisitor’smemory.Itsuredoesin____64____(I).Whileyou’rein第30页共30页,China,MountHuangshanis____65____musttovisit!答案及剖析:本文属于说明文。文章介绍黄山的三种代表性的事物——云海,温泉以及台阶。【56题】What考查主语从句。句意:这次经历的惊人之处在于这世界之外的景色。此处是主语从句,从句缺乏主语,应用what引导,指代“经历的事情”。故填What。【57题】humans考查名词复数。句意:当你站在黄山山顶看见波涛汹涌般的云海,你会想到我们人类是多么的渺小。human是we的同位语,we为复数,应用human的复数形式。故填humans。【58题】undoubtedly考查副词。句意:它无疑会帮助你恢复精神!修饰动词help,应用副词undoubtedly“毫无疑问地”。故填undoubtedly。【59题】hotter考查形容词比较级。句意:关于黄山温泉让人惊讶的是,气温越低,温泉越暖和。此处是固定结构“the+比较级,the+比较级”,意为“越……,越……”。故填hotter。【60题】astonished考查形容词。句意:但大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。此处是“leave+宾语+宾语补足语”,补充说明宾语us的感受,应用-ed结尾形容词。故填astonished。【61题】was考查一般过去时。句意:你不禁会想,对当时的人们来说,把这些石头都安置好有多难。分析句子可知,“howhardit61(be)forthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace”作wonder的宾语,it是从句的形式主语,不定式为真正主语,谓语动词用单数形式,安置台阶的石头为陈述过去的事情,应用一般过去时。故填was。第30页共30页,【62题】and考查连词。句意:虽然在上山的路上,这是唯一不自然的事情,但它仍然突出了整个冒险,并且提供了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析句子可知,“highlightsthewholeadventure”与“offersaplace”部分为并列关系,都是作it的谓语,故用并列连词and。【63题】aching考查形容词。句意:虽然在上山的路上,这是唯一不自然的事情,但它仍然突出了整个冒险,并且提供了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析句子及语境可知,此处应用形容词aching“疼痛的”修饰名词legs,意为“疼痛的双腿”。故填aching。【64题】mine考查代词。句意:正如歌中所唱,这条漫长而曲折的道路“永远不会消失”,它将永远留在游客的记忆中。对我来说确实如此。根据前一句“itwillalwaysstickinthevisitor'smemory”可知,本句为does指代前一句的stick,本句缺乏宾语,应用名词性物主代词mine指代mymemory。故填mine。【65题】a考查冠词。句意:当你在中国的时候,黄山是一个你一定要去的地方。must作名词时,意为“绝对必要的事物”,为可数名词,此处泛指“一个必须去的地方”,应用不定冠词,must是以辅音音素开头的词,应用a。故填a。Passage14(2021年1月浙江卷)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Inastudyof33yearsoftrendsinBodyMassIndex(体重指数)across200countries,thescientistsfoundthatpeopleworldwidearegettingheavier28.thatmostoftheriseisduetogainsinBMIinruralareas.BMIisaninternationallyrecognizedmeasurementtool29.givesanindicationofwhethersomeoneisahealthyweight.Itiscalculatedbydividinga30.(person)weightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared.andaBMIofbetween19and2531.(consider)healthy.Thestudyfoundthatbetween1985and2017,averageruralBMIincreased32.2.1inwomenandmen.Incities,however,thegain33.(be)1.3inwomenand1.6inmen.Theresearchersdescribed“strikingchanges”inthegeographyof第30页共30页,BMI.Tn1985,urbanmenandwomeninmorethanthreequartersofthecountries34.(study)hadhigherBMIsthanmenandwomeninruralareas.But30yearslater,theBMIdifferencebetweenurbanandruralpeopleinmanycountrieshadnarrowed35.(sharp).Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeople36.(live)inthecountryside,including37.(low)levelsofincomeandeducation,highercostsofhealthyfoods,andfewersportsfacilities.答案及剖析:这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如今世界各地的人体重越来越超标,主要是由于农村地区的体重指数(BMI)增加了,并分析了其中的原因。28.and考查连词。句意:在一项对200个国家33年体重指数趋势的研究中,科学家们发现,世界各地的人们体重越来越重,而这主要是由于农村地区体重指数的增加。分析句子结构可知,thatpeopleworldwidearegettingheavier和thatmostoftheriseisduetogainsinBMIinruralareas.都是found引导的宾语从句,是并列关系,故填and。29.that/which考查定语从句关系代词。句意:BMI是一种国际公认的测量工具,它可以显示一个人的体重是否健康。分析句子结构可知,tool是先行词,且在从句中做主语,故填that/which。30.person’s考查名词所有格。句意:它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方,BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知,person是修饰weight的,用person的名词所有格person’s。故填person’s。31.isconsidered考查动词被动语态。句意:它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方,BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知,句子缺少谓语,主语(aBMI)是单数,时态是一般现在时,且主语和consider是表被动关系,故填isconsidered。32.by考查介词。句意:研究发现,1985年至2017年间,农村女性和男性的平均BMI增加了2.1。increaseby表示“增加了”;increaseto表示“增加到”。根据正常的成人BMI数值(18.5-23.9)可知,increase第30页共30页,by符合语境,故填by。33.was考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意:然而,在城市中,女性增加了1.3,男性增加了1.6。分析句子结构可知,句子缺少谓语,主语(gain)是单数,时态是一般过去时,故填was。34.Studied考查非谓语动词。句意:1985年,在被研究的国家中,超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs高于农村地区的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语是had,所以study用非谓语形式,它的逻辑主语是countries,表被动关系,故填studied。35.sharply。考查副词。句意:但30年后,许多国家城市和农村人口的BMI差异大幅缩小。分析句子结构可知,sharp是要修饰动词narrow,用sharp的副词形式sharply。故填sharply。36.living。考查非谓语动词。句意:这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件,包括较低的收入和教育水平,较高的健康食品成本,以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知,句子已有谓语动词maybe,故live用非谓语形式,它的逻辑主语是people,表主动关系,做定语,用现在分词形式,故填living。37.lower。考查形容词比较级。句意:这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件,包括较低的收入和教育水平,较高的健康食品成本,以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知,including说明的是一些不利条件,且后面有higher和fewer,是并列关系,所以low也应该用比较级形式,故填lower。第30页共30页,Passage15(2021年6月浙江卷)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Itdoesn'timpresslikeGeorgeWashington'splantationonthePotomac,butLincoln'shomeindowntownSpringfield,Illinois,___36___(prove)irresistibletovisitorssinceitopenedtothepublic.Beautifullyrestored(修复)toits1860appearance,thehousewasAbrahamandMaryLincoln'shomefor17years.In1844theyboughtit___37___$1,200andsomelandfromCharlesDresser,whoperformedtheir___38___(marry)ceremonyin1842.Whenthehousewasbuilt,itwasmuch___39___(small)thanitistoday.Mary'sniecewrote,"Thelittlehome___40___(paint)white.Itwassweetandfresh.Marylovedit.Shewasextremelypretty,andherhousewasareflectionof___41___(she),everythingingoodtasteandinperfectorder.AlthoughMarylovedflowers,___42___shenorherhusbandwasknownasagardener.Along-timeneighborsaidtheyneverplantedtreesandonlykeptagardenforoneyear.Mary'ssister,FrancesToddWallace,oftencameover___43___(plant)flowersinthefrontyard.___44___Lincolnsenlargedthehousetoafulltwostoriesin1856tomeettheneedsoftheirgrowingfamily.ThreeofthefourLincolnsonswerebornhere.AfterLincolnwaselectedPresidentoftheUSin1861,theyrentedthehouseand____45____(sell)mostoftheirfurniture.第30页共30页,答案及剖析:这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国总统林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的老房子的变迁历史。【36题】hasproved/hasproven考查动词。句意:它不像乔治华盛顿在波托马克河畔的种植园那样给人留下深刻印象,但林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家,自从向公众开放以来,就被证明对游客来说是不可抗拒的。分析句子成分可知,设空处作谓语动词,Lincoln’shomeindowntownSpringfieldIllinois作主语;结合句意及设空处后的时间状语从句sinceitopenedtothepublic可知,此处指过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响,符合现在完成时概念,故设空处用现在完成时;现在完成时结构是has/have+过去分词;主语Lincoln’shomeindowntownSpringfieldIllinois是第三人称单数,所以助动词用has,提示词prove的过去分词形式是proved或proven。故填hasproved/hasproven。【37题】for考查介词。句意:1844年,他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地,查尔斯·德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合句意可知,此处考查固定短语buysth.for+价格,意为“以……价格买某物”。故填for。【38题】marriage考查名词。句意:1844年,他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地,查尔斯·德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合设空前的形容词性物主代词可知,此处要用名词形式;结合设空处后的ceremony,可知此处意为“婚礼”;提示词marry意为“婚姻”,其名词形式为marriage,marriageceremony意为“婚礼”。故填marriage。【39题】smaller考查形容词。句意:这栋房子建成时比现在小得多。结合设空前的much和设空后的than可知,此处考查形容词比较级固定结构much+比较级+than,提示词small的比较级形式为smaller。故填smaller。【40题】waspainted考查被动语态。句意:这个小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子结构可知,设空处作谓语动词,Thelittlehome作主语。结合句意及常识可知,房子是“被漆”的,主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系,所以要用被动语态;根据上文的was第30页共30页,built可知,此处为一般过去时态;一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词;主语Thelittlehome是单数第三人称,所以要用was,提示词paint的过去分词形式是painted。故填waspainted。【41题】herself考查代词。句意:她非常漂亮,她的房子是她自己的写照,一切都很有品位,井井有条。根据句意可知,此处意为“她自己”,可知此处考查反身代词;提示词she的反身代词是herself。故填herself。【42题】neither考查连词。句意:虽然玛丽喜欢花,但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的园丁。根据句意可知,此处考查连词结构“neither…nor…”,意为“既不……也不……”。故填neither。【43题】toplant考查动词不定式。句意:玛丽的妹妹弗朗西丝·托德·华莱士经常来前院种花。分析句子结构可知,设空处作状语;根据句意可知,此处是目的状语;目的状语用动词不定式表示;提示词plant的不定式形式为toplant。故填toplant。【44题】The考查冠词。句意:林肯夫妇在1856年把房子扩大到了整整两层,以满足他们日益增长的家庭的需要。根据句意可知,此处意为“林肯一家”;根据设空后的Lincolns可知,此处考查“the+姓氏复数”,表示夫妇俩,或者一家人。设空处位于句首,所以首字母要大写。故填The。【45题】sold考查动词。句意:1861年林肯当选美国总统后,他们租了房子,卖掉了大部分家具。分析句子成分可知,设空处和前面的动词rented一起做并列谓语;根据时间状语1861可知,此处用一般过去时态,提示词sell的过去式形式是sold。故填sold。第30页共30页

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