2022年高考英语专题复习：语法填空 专项练习题汇编（Word版，含答案）

2022年高考英语专题复习：语法填空专项练习题汇编专练一A(2021·合肥市高三第二次检测)Wine，analcoholicdrink1.____________(make)fromfermented(发酵的)grapes，hasbeenproducedinChinasincearoundtheHanDynasty，whengrapescametothisregion.Beforethat,ricewine，beerandotheralcoholicdrinksweremost2.____________(common)consumed.TheChinesedonotseewineasoneofthenecessitiesoflife，butthecultureofwinehasmadeanimpact3.____________thewaytheChineselive.China’sindustrializedgrapewineproductiondidn’tstartuntil1892，4.____________asuccessfulChinesebusinessmancalledZhangBishifoundedtheChangyuWineProductionCompanyinYantai，Shandong.Chinathenintroducedoverahundredtypesofwineand5.____________diverserangeofwine－makingequipmentfromEuropeandrecruitedmanyforeignwinespecialists.6.____________(draw)uponthegrape－cultivationandwine－makingpracticesofEuropeanchateaux(城堡)，Chinaproducedfifteen7.____________(variety)ofbrandy，redwineandwhitewine.Inthelate1950sandearly1960s，severalkindsofgrapesformakingwine8.____________(introduce)fromBulgariaandHungary.AndthentheyweregrownintensivelyinChina.Withtherapid9.____________(expand)ofChina’swinemarket，grapewineyardsandgrapeproductionbases10.____________(emerge)acrossthecountryfromthecoastoftheBohaiSeaandtheYellowSeatoXinjiangsofar，andwineries(酿酒厂)aregrowinginleapsandbounds.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文，主要讲了中国葡萄酒的发展史。1．made　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中为非谓语动词。与其逻辑主语analcoholicdrink之间为动宾关系，所以空处需要填made。]2．commonly　第29页共29页,[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰谓语动词，需要用副词，所以空处填commonly。]3．on　[考查介词。makeanimpacton为固定表达，意为“对……造成影响”，所以空处填on。]4．when　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词1892表示时间，关系词指代先行词在从句中作时间状语，所以空处填when。]5．a　[考查冠词。arangeof为固定表达，意为“一系列”，又diverse的发音以辅音音素开头，所以空处填a。]6．Drawing　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是produced，drawupon“凭借，利用”与其逻辑主语China之间为主谓关系，所以空处需要填Drawing。]7．varieties　[考查名词的数。根据空前的数词fifteen可知，空处需要填名词复数，又variety(品种)是一个可数名词，所以空处填varieties。]8．wereintroduced　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处在句中作谓语；根据本句的时间状语Inthelate1950sandearly1960s可知，本句需要用一般过去时；此处表示“几种用于制作葡萄酒的葡萄从保加利亚和匈牙利被引进”，需用被动语态；主语severalkindsofgrapes为复数，所以空处填wereintroduced。]9．expansion　[考查词性转换。根据空前的形容词rapid可知，空处需要用名词，所以空处需填expansion。withtherapidexpansionof...“随着……的迅速扩大”。]10．haveemerged　[考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处在句中作谓语；根据本句的时间状语sofar可知，此处需用现在完成时；又主语grapewineyardsandgrapeproductionbases为复数，所以空处填haveemerged。]B(2021·昆明市“三诊一模”质量检测)Atpresent，thetake－outindustryhasbecomeapopularconsumptionpattern.Apartfrom1.____________(buy)foodfromtake－outstores，consumerscanorderfoodatdifferenttimesandinmultipleplaces2.____________thehelpofthenetwork.Whilewetendtothinkoftake－outfoodassomethingoriginatinginthemodernera(时代)asaresultofour“toobusytopreparemyownmeal”lifestyle，the3.____________(true)isquitetheopposite.第29页共29页,Theconceptoftake－outfoodcanbetracedbacktobothancientGreeceandancientRome.IntheancientGreco－Romanworld，eatingathomewashighly4.____________(usual)forpoorpeople.Becausethesepeoplecouldnotaffordaprivatekitchenintheirhousetocookmealsfor5.____________(they)，theyhadtobuy6.____________(prepare)foodfrommarketandroadsidestalls.Thus，7.____________wascalled“thermopolium”cameintobeing.Theword“thermopolium”literallymeant“aplacewheresomethinghot8.____________(sell)”atthattime.Itwaseitheranancientformofatake－outrestaurant9.____________anoutdoorservicecounterthatofferedready－to－eatfood.Overtheyears，archaeologistshave10._________________(constant)discoveredanumberofthermopoliainPomeiiandHerculaneum，twotownsthatweredestroyedbytheeruptionofMountVesuvius.Inonethermopolium，theremainsofclothbagscontainingaroundonethousandcoinswerediscovered，certainlyshowingthepopularityoftheestablishment.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。外卖食品看似是现代产物，但早在古希腊与古罗马时期就已出现，并且广受欢迎。1．buying　[考查非谓语动词。from为介词，其后跟动名词形式，故填buying。]2．with　[考查介词。此处考查固定搭配withthehelpof...，故填with。]3．truth　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处作主语，再结合空前的the可知，此处用名词形式，故用truth。]4．unusual　[考查词性转换。根据下文可知，穷人负担不起为自己做饭的私人厨房，因此穷人在家吃饭是非常不常见的，故填unusual。]5．themselves　[考查代词。结合语境可知，此处是指为他们自己做饭，故填themselves。]6．prepared　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，且food与prepare之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故填prepared。]7．what　[考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，该空引导主语从句并在从句中作主语，故填what。]8．issold　第29页共29页,[考查时态语态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，引号里的内容是在解释单词的意思，为客观事实，此处应用一般现在时；热的东西被销售，为被动语态，somethinghot表单数概念，故填issold。]9．or　[考查连词。此处考查固定搭配either...or...，故填or。]10．constantly　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰谓语，需要用副词，故填constantly。]C(2021·成都市高三第二次诊断)TheBookofSongs，alsoknownasShiJing，istheoldestexisting1.____________(collect)ofChinesepoetry.Threeyearsago，whenChinesemusicianFangJinlongreadShiJing，hewasinterestedinthestoriestoldthroughthepoems.Becausehecouldn’t2.____________(full)understandtheancientChineselanguage3.____________(use)inthepoems，heturnedtoexpertswhoseelaborationfurtherattractedhimtoexplorethepoems.ThenhedecidedtoportraythepoemswithmusicallanguagebyinvitingcomposerMaJiuyue4.________________(create)analbum.TitledMusicandtheBookofSongs，thealbumwasreleasedonJan.18，5.________________(feature)10originalsongscomposedbyMa.They6.____________(perform)byFangandwongreatpopularity.The10songsarebasedon10poemsfromShiJing，includingQiongYao，whichconveysgratitudetopeoplewhoareeagertohelpothers；Swallows，which7.____________(send)farewellmessagestofriendsandJiaYu，whichportraysthescenesofajoyfulbanquet.“YoungpeoplegavewarmfeedbackabouttraditionalChinesemusic8.____________theyhadwatchedmyperformance.Itinspiredmetocreatemoreworksforthem，whichhelpspopularizetraditionalChinesemusic，”saysFang.“The10piecessound9.____________(enjoy)andeasy.Forthelisteners，it’safreshwaytocomprehendpoemsfromShiJing，”saysMa.“Wespentthreeyearsworkingon10.____________project.Therearesomanymeaningsinthepoemsandwewanttodisplaythemasdeepaspossiblewithmusic，”Masays.“It’sourmutualgoaltohavetraditionalChinesemusicreachawideraudience.”第29页共29页,【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。诗经是中国现存最古老的诗歌总集。国际大师方锦龙邀请作曲家马久越一起创作专辑《音乐·诗经》，用音乐的语言来描述这些诗歌，向更多的人展示了古典文化之美。1．collection　[考查词性转换。形容词修饰名词，根据空前的existing可知空处应为名词形式，故填collection。]2．fully　[考查词性转换。空处修饰动词understand，应用副词形式，故填fully。]3．used　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处是非谓语动词，use和其逻辑主语Chineselanguage是动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填used。]4．tocreate　[考查非谓语动词。invitesbtodosth为固定用法，意为“邀请某人做某事”，故填tocreate。]5．featuring　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处是非谓语动词，和其逻辑主语thealbum是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词featuring。]6．wereperformed　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。根据空后的won可知，本句时态为一般过去时，此处表示“它们被方锦龙演奏”，应用被动语态，且结合They可知应填wereperformed。]7．sends　[考查时态和主谓一致。根据空前的conveys和空后的portrays可知，此处谓语动词用一般现在时，先行词为Swallows，表单数概念，which指代先行词在从句中作主语，所以此处用动词的第三人称单数，故填sends。]8．after　[考查连词。根据语境“年轻人看到我的表演之后对中国传统音乐有了热烈的反馈”可知，应用连词after。]9．enjoyable　[考查词性转换。根据前面的系动词sound可知，这里的形容词构成系表结构，故填enjoyable。]10．the　[考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处特指上文提到的《音乐·诗经》，故填定冠词the。]专练二A(2021·长春市高三质量监测三)第29页共29页,YungangGrottoes(云冈石窟)inDatong，Shanxiprovince，areaworldculturalheritagesitethat1.____________(date)backtomorethan1，500yearsago.InYungang’s45biggrottoesandmorethan200smallgrottoes，thereareabout59，000figuresoftheBuddha，2.____________areapricelesstreasureofhumanculture.3．____________becauseoftheeffectsofclimatechangeand4.____________(nature)disasters，thegrottoesfacedamageyearbyyear.Thanksto5.____________(advance)digitaltechnology，researchersarebusy“duplicating”(复制)theYungangGrottoesinanattempttopreservethepreciousculturalrelics.Employing3Dlaserscanningtechnology，theresearchers6.____________(digital)recordtheshapes，colorsandotherfinedetailsofthegrottoesandlaterreproducethemusing3Dprintingtechnology.Thenewtechnologycouldenablemorepeople7.____________(access)theculturalrelicsdespitethedistance.8.____________June，2020，theresearcherssuccessfully“copiedandpasted”caveNo.12oftheYungangGrottoesforan9.____________(exhibit)inHangzhou.TheYungangresearchers’attemptisagoodexampleoftechnologyhelpingtopreserveculturalrelics.It10.____________(hope)thatthenewdigitalizedtechnologieswillfacilitate(促进)the“rebirth”oftheculturallegacy，andbringthemtomoreplacesworldwide.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。云冈石窟是人类文化珍宝。研究者们运用数字技术在保护石窟的同时也促进石窟的新生，使更多人能够欣赏到这一文化遗迹。1．dates　[考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，该空为that引导的定语从句中的谓语，此处讲述一个客观情况，所以需要用一般现在时，主语为单数，故填dates。]2．which　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为表示物的名词，故填which。]3．But　[考查并列连词。根据语境可知，空处后面的内容与上文之间有逻辑上的转折关系，故填But。]4．natural　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰名词第29页共29页,disasters，应使用形容词形式，故填natural。]5．advanced　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰名词technology，应使用形容词形式，故填advanced。]6．digitally　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词record，需要用副词形式，故填digitally。]7．toaccess　[考查非谓语动词。此处考查固定用法enablesbtodosth“使某人能做某事”，故填toaccess。]8．In　[考查介词。在月份前用介词in，此处位于句首，故填In。]9．exhibition　[考查词性转换。由空前的不定冠词an可知，此处应用名词形式，故填exhibition。]10．ishoped　[考查时态和主谓一致。此处考查固定句型Itishopedthat...“人们希望．..”，it为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正主语。]B(2021·甘肃省第二次高考诊断)Theworld’scitiesaregettingmoreandmorecrowded.CitiessuchasTokyoandShanghai1.____________(consider)“megacities(大城市)”，becauseoftheirbigsizeandhugepopulation.Therearetwomainreasonswhycitiesarebecomingsocrowded.First，theprimarycauseofcities2.____________(become)socrowdediseconomic.Asacountrydevelops，3.____________(it)citiesbecometheenginesofdevelopment.Jobsareavailableintheseareas.Forexample，TokyowasthemotorforJapan’seconomicboomin4.____________1960sand1970s；asaresult，itspopulationincreasedrapidly.People5.____________(move)toTokyobecausetheycouldfindemploymentthere.Second，anothercontributingfactorissociocultural.Thousandsofpeoplemovetothecitiesnotonlyforjobsbutalsofor6.____________(education)andpersonalreasons.Thebetteruniversitiesinbigcitiesattractthousandsofstudentseveryyear，andmostofthemchoose7.____________(work)inthecitiesaftergraduation.Moreover，youngpeoplewillmovetothecitiesasruralareasareunderdeveloped.Intheiropinions，itisabarriertotheirpersonalfreedom.第29页共29页,In8.____________(conclude)，economicandsociocultural9.____________(factor)arethemajorcausesofhugeurbanpopulation.Peoplewillalwaysmovetotheareas10.____________provideopportunitiesandfreedom.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了城市变得越来越拥挤的两个主要原因：经济上的原因和社会文化方面的原因。1．areconsidered　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。此处表示，像东京和上海这样的城市被认为是“大城市”，是因为它们面积大、人口众多。主语和谓语之间为被动关系，又根据语境可知此处应用一般现在时，且主语为两个城市，故填areconsidered。]2．becoming　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为通格名词＋动名词短语组成的动名词复合结构，作介词of的宾语，故填becoming。]3．its　[考查代词。分析句子结构可知，这里应用形容词性物主代词修饰后面的名词cities。故填its。]4．the　[考查冠词。定冠词the用于逢10的复数形式的数词前，表示一个世纪的某某年代等其他内容。根据空后的1960sand1970s可知，空处应填the。]5．moved　[考查时态。空处作主句的谓语；根据从句所用的一般过去时可知，此处也应用一般过去时，故填moved。]6．educational　[考查词性转换。空处与“personal”并列修饰后面的名词reasons，表示“教育上的和个人的原因”，故填形容词educational“教育的，有关教育的”。]7．towork　[考查非谓语动词。choosetodosth“选择做某事”为固定用法。故填towork。]8．conclusion　[考查词性转换。此处表示，综上所述，经济和社会文化方面的因素是城市人口众多的主要原因。inconclusion为固定搭配，意为“综上所述”，符合语境，故填conclusion。]9．factors　[考查名词的数。空处作主语，根据空后的谓语动词are可知，空处应为复数形式，故填factors。]10．which/that　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为areas，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，因此应使用which/that。]C第29页共29页,(2021·贵州省适应性测试)Bornin1894，MeiLanfang1.____________(bring)upinafamilyofPekingoperaandKunquoperaperformers.2.____________theageofeight，hestartedtraininginPekingoperaonadailybasis.Whenhewas17，hekeptaflockofpigeons(鸽子)andtrainedthem3.___________________(fly)high.EverydayMeiwatchedthem4.__________________theyflew，whichhelpedhimtodeveloptheexpressiveeyemovementsthatweresoimportanttohisart.Hishardworkanddedicationmadehima5.____________(lead)artistinPekingopera.Meiwasalsoaninnovator(创新者)．Inadditiontonewstagedesignsandsingingstyles，hisinnovationsinwearingmake－upandcostumedesignallowedformorevividimagesoffemalecharacters.Thiscontributedgreatlytothe6.____________(develop)ofPekingoperas.Meicreatedand7.____________(perform)over200plays，makinghiscontributionstothesingingstyles，speakinglines，dance，music，costumesandwearingmake－upand8.____________(gradual)forminghisuniqueandcreativestyle，9.____________iscalled“MeiSchool”．Untilhepassedawayin1961，MeihadbeenencouragingthespreadofPekingoperaforalmost60years.Thislifelongdevotionhasmadehimoneofthe10.____________(great)Pekingoperaartistsofalltime.【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文，主要概括性地讲述了京剧表演艺术大家梅兰芳先生的成才之路及其在京剧方面的创新和贡献。1．wasbrought　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处作本句的谓语。根据语境可知，此处表述过去发生的事，需要用一般过去时；MeiLanfang和bringup(抚养，养育)之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；主语MeiLanfang为单数，所以空处填wasbrought。]2．At　[考查介词。attheageof为固定表达，意为“在……岁的时候”，所以空处填At。]3．tofly　[考查非谓语动词。trainsthtodosth为固定表达，意为“训练……做某事”，所以空处填tofly。]4．as/when　第29页共29页,[考查状语从句。此处表示每天当鸽子飞翔的时候，梅兰芳都会观察它们，空处引导时间状语从句，所以空处填as/when，表示“当……时”。]5．leading　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处需要用形容词修饰后面的名词artist，表示“一个一流的艺术家”，所以空处填leading“一流的”。]6．development　[考查词性转换。空处位于the和of中间，需要用名词，此处表示“京剧的发展”，所以空处填development。]7．performed　[考查时态。分析句子结构可知，空处与空前的动词created并列，同作本句的谓语，所以空处填performed。]8．gradually　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰后面的现在分词forming，需要用副词，所以空处填gradually。]9．which　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为表示物的名词hisuniqueandcreativestyle，关系词指代先行词在从句中作主语，所以空处填which。]10．greatest　[考查比较等级。根据空前的the和空后表示范围的介词词组ofalltime(有史以来)综合判断可知，此处表示“使他成为有史以来最杰出的京剧艺术家之一”，表最高级的含义，空处需要用形容词最高级，所以填greatest。]专练三A(2021·广州市综合测试一)Acomfortingcupofteaisanessentialpartofthedayforhundredsofmillionsofpeoplearoundtheglobe.Worldwide，threecupsoftea1.____________(consume)foreverycupofcoffee.To2.____________(full)appreciatetheancientrootsofthedrink，avisittotheChinaNationalTeaMuseummightbeinorder.Theinstitutionhasalonghistory.3．____________(locate)inHangzhou，themuseumoccupiesaparklikesetting.Inside，varioushallsdemonstratethestoryoftea，itsceremonies(仪式)anditstools.Recordsofteadrinkingdateasfarbackastothe4.____________(ten)centuryB．C.inChina.Originallytheleaveswerebakedintoabrick，apartof5._______________couldbebrokenoffandmadeintoapowder(粉末)．TeaspreadintonorthernChina第29页共29页,duringtheTangDynasty；bytheSongDynastyit6.____________(acquire)loose－leafproductionaswellastheceremoniesthatmadeitsconsumption7.____________artform.Theartofteaextendedtoitsfancycontainers，whichare8.____________displayatthemuseum.Gracefullyroundedkettlesdateback5，000years；teabowlsfromtheTangDynastyhavebeautifulsimplicity.Today9.____________(visit)canobserveateaceremonythatmightbeenough10.____________(change)eventhemostpassionatecoffeedrinkers.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文，介绍了中国茶叶博物馆中展示的茶的历史和茶具等信息。1．areconsumed　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语，主语threecupsoftea为复数概念，与consume之间是被动关系，又根据语境可知时态应用一般现在时，故填areconsumed。]2．fully　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词修饰动词appreciate，故填fully。]3．Located　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词，空处应该是非谓语动词。动词locate和其逻辑主语themuseum为动宾关系，故这里用动词的过去分词形式。]4．tenth　[考查数词。根据空前的the和空后的centuryB．C.可知，这里应用序数词表示顺序，故填tenth。]5．which　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作介词of的宾语，又先行词为abrick，表示物，故用which。]6．hadacquired　[考查时态。根据空前的时间状语“bytheSongDynasty”(by＋表过去的时间点)可知，本句谓语动词应使用过去完成时，故填hadacquired。]7．an　[考查冠词。此处artform意为“艺术形式”，是可数名词，第一次在文中出现，表泛指，又art的发音以元音音素开头，故使用不定冠词an。此处makesthsth为固定用法，意为“使……成为……”。]8．on　[考查介词。根据空后的atthemuseum可知，此处表示这个博物馆展出茶具，应用固定短语ondisplay“陈列，展出”，故填on。]第29页共29页,9．visitors　[考查名词的数。分析句子结构可知，空处是句子的主语，表示“游客”，且表示复数意义，故填visitors。]10．tochange　[考查非谓语动词。此处考查固定用法beenoughtodosth“足够做某事”，故填tochange。]B(2021·济南市高三模拟)TheoriginoffacialmakeupusedinPekingoperacandatebacktomorethan1，400yearsago，1.____________leadingactorsusedtowearmasks.Astheoperaticartsdeveloped，2.____________(perform)graduallytookofftheirmasksandpaintedcolorfulpatternsontheirfacesinstead，sopeoplecouldbettersee3.____________(they)facialexpressions.Chineseoperafacialmakeupisaspecialmakeupmethod4.____________Chineseculturalcharacteristics.5.____________paintingtechniqueforChinesefacialmakeupindramasiscloselyrelatedtothecharacter’spersonality.Overtheyearsofdevelopment，it6.____________(become)animportantpartofChineseculture.There7.____________(be)fourrolesinfacialmakeup，sheng，dan，jing，andchou.Chinesefacialmakeupis8.____________(extreme)stylizedinthecolorsandpatternsused，butnotwopaintedfacesarealike.Forexample，therearemorethan100face－paintingstyles9.____________(design)forXiangYu，theheroinFarewellMyConcubine，andeachoneisdifferent.VarioustypesofChinesefacialmakeupenabletheaudience10.____________(know)acharactereasilyandgetmoreinvolvedintheappreciationoftheperformance.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文，主要介绍了戏剧脸谱的起源、特点等。1．when　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为表示时间的“1，400yearsago”，关系词在从句中作时间状语，所以空处应填when。]2．performers　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的主语，根据下文中的“theirmasksandpaintedcolorfulpatternsontheirfaces”可知，主语应该为名词复数，所以空处应填performers。]第29页共29页,3．their　[考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰后面的名词短语facialexpressions，需要用形容词性物主代词，所以空处填their。]4．with　[考查介词。根据句意“中国戏剧脸谱是一种具有中国文化特色的特别的化妆技术”可知，空处应该填with“具有；带有”。]5．The　[考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，此处特指中国戏剧脸谱中的绘画技巧，所以空处填The。]6．hasbecome　[考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处是本句的谓语动词，结合时间状语Overtheyearsofdevelopment可知，本句需要用现在完成时；主语it为第三人称单数，所以空处填hasbecome。]7．are　[考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处为therebe句型。结合语境可知，此处介绍脸谱的角色，需要用一般现在时；又因为后面的名词短语fourroles为复数，所以空处填are。]8．extremely　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰后面的形容词stylized，需要用副词，所以空处填extremely。]9．designed　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作后置定语，与被修饰词face－paintingstyles之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以空处需要填designed。]10．toknow　[考查非谓语动词。此处考查固定表达enablesbtodosth，意为“使某人能够做某事”，所以空处填toknow。]C(2021·武汉市三月质量检测)Chinesecharactersdatebacktoancienttimes，withahistoryofatleastseveralthousandyears.Itisagreedthathanzibegan1.____________simplepictures，imagesthattheancientChinesepeopledrew，painted，andcarved2.____________(describe)natureandtheirlives.The3.____________(old)symbolsrecognizableasChinesecharactersarethosefoundonancientanimalbones.These3000－year－oldsymbols，jiaguwen，4.____________(carve)onturtleshellsorbonesofanimals，andcangiveusinsightinto5.____________theancientChinesesawtheworldaroundthemandintotheirgreatcreativity.第29页共29页,WhenyoufirstlookatChinesecharacters，youwillmost6.____________(like)feelthattheyareverycomplicated.About80%ofChinesecharactersarecomposedofsmaller7.____________(part)，whicharecombinedinmanydifferentwaystoformtensofthousandsofhanzi.Fortunatelyyouneedtoknowonlyabouttwoorthreethousandcharactersforusein8.____________(day)life.ChinesecharactersandChinesecultureareinseparablylinked.China’swritingsystemforms9.____________strongbridgelinkingtheChinesepeopleandcultureofthepresentwith10.____________(that)ofthepast.AsChinatakesitsplaceintheinternationalcommunity，manyinternationalstudentsarestudyingChineseandarecomingtoappreciateChina’simpressiveculture.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文，主要介绍了汉字的发展历史。1．as　[考查介词。短语beginas意思是“起初是”。]2．todescribe　[考查非谓语动词。根据句子的结构来分析，that从句的主语是theancientChinesepeople，谓语是drew，painted和carved；而此空要用动词不定式作状语，表示目的。]3．oldest　[考查比较等级。根据句子的意思及空前的The可知，此处要用形容词最高级，表示“最古老的”。]4．werecarved　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。句子的主语These3000－year－oldsymbols为复数，且与谓语动词carve是被动的关系，同时此处描述发生在过去的事情，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态。注意jiaguwen作These3000－year－oldsymbols的同位语。]5．how　[考查名词性从句。此处引导宾语从句表示方式，要用how。]6．likely　[考查词性转换。根据句子的结构来判断，此处要用副词形式作状语。]7．parts　[考查名词的数。后面的“whicharecombined...hanzi”是一个非限制性定语从句，由其中的are可知，先行词要用parts。]8．daily　[考查词性转换。根据句子的结构来判断，此处要用形容词修饰名词life。短语indailylife意思是“在日常的生活中”。]9．a　[考查冠词。此处泛指“一座坚实的桥梁”第29页共29页,，且strong的发音以辅音音素开头，所以要用不定冠词a。]10．those　[考查代词。根据句子的结构判断，此空要用代词代替前面的theChinesepeopleandculture，指代复数概念，所以要用those。]专练四A(2021·广东六校联盟高三第二次联考)Tencent’sWeChatintroducednewemojistoits1.____________(exist)emojisetonWednesday.2.____________newemojisincludeafacewithrollingeyes，a“letmesee”face，3.____________thatissighing，acrackedsmilingfaceandsoon.The“letmesee”emoji，4.____________featuresafacewithapeekingeye，hasbecomeahottopicamongnetusers5.____________itresemblesPrinceYongqiinthehitTVdramaPrincessHuanzhu.ThetopfivemostpopularemojisusedbyWeChatusersin20196.____________(be)“facepalm，grin，chuckle，thumb－upandrose”，accordingtoareportreleasedbyTencent’sWeChatinJanuary.Forusersborninthe2000s，theirfavoriteWeChatemojiwouldprobablybethewidelyused“facepalm”．Mostpost－90sWeChatusersarelate7.____________(rise)comparedwithothergroups，andtheemoji“facewithtearsofjoy”rulestheironlinesociallife.Forusersborninthe1980s，theirreadingtaste8.____________(change)littleoverthelastthreeyears，astheystillsticktonewsonnationalaffairs.Anda“toothygrin”istheiremojioftheyear.WeChatusersborninthe1970sarean9.____________(optimism)group，wholiketousethe“smilingfacewithahand10.____________amouth”emojiandarekeenonbrowsingWeChatMoments.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了微信新增的表情符号、2019年最受欢迎的五个微信表情符号及不同年龄人群爱用的微信表情符号。1．existing　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此空作定语，修饰名词词组emojiset，表示“它现有的一套表情符号”，故用形容词existing“现有的”。]2．The　[考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处特指上文中出现的new第29页共29页,emojis，因此用定冠词The。]3．one　[考查代词。分析句子结构并根据该句中的“aface”“a...face”和语境可知，此处表示“一张正在叹气的脸”，故用不定代词one指代aface。]4．which　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为关系代词，指代空前的The“letmesee”emoji，表示物，引导非限制性定语从句，故用which。]5．because/as　[考查状语从句。根据语境可知，空处前后是因果关系，前果后因，表示这个表情符号之所以在网民中成为一个热门话题，是因为它与风靡一时的电视剧《还珠格格》中五阿哥的表情相似，故填because/as，表示“因为”。]6．were　[考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此句主语为Thetopfivemostpopularemojis，为复数形式，谓语动词应用复数形式；又因时间状语为in2019，此处应该使用一般过去时。]7．risers　[考查名词的数。此处表示大多数90后微信用户是晚起床的人，又句子主语为Mostpost－90sWeChatusers，表复数概念，故此处应该为名词的复数形式risers，表示“起床的人”。]8．haschanged　[考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作主句的谓语，句中的时间状语为overthelastthreeyears，此处应该用现在完成时，且主语为theirreadingtaste，谓语应用单数形式，故填haschanged。]9．optimistic　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词，修饰名词group。]10．over　[考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表示“用手捂住嘴的笑脸”表情符号，故填over“(部分或全部覆盖)在……上面”。]B(2021·学军中学模拟)TheEnvironmentAgencytodayissettingout1.____________planthatitleadsthewaytowardagreener，healthierfuture.Itsnew5－yearplan，EA2025，callsforanewapproachwhichbettershealth，fairandenvironmentalimprovement.By2025theagencyaimstohavecreatedmoreclimateadaptiveplacesandinfrastructure(基础设施)，byensuringthenationispreparedforflooding，coastalchangeanddrought.Theplanalsohighlightsarenewedfocus2.____________improvingthehealthofair，landandwaterforpeopleandnature—andensuringgreen3.____________(grow)for第29页共29页,alastingfuture.Sincelockdownbegan，theEnvironmentAgency4.____________(remain)fullyoperational，withthemajorityofstaff5.____________(work)fromhome，andfrontlinestaffremainingactiveonthegroundhandlingissuessuchasfloodriskandpollution.Staffhavebeenmakingthe6.____________(good)useoftechnologytocontinuework—suchasremotelyconcludinglegalhearingsandusingdrones(无人机)tomonitorregulatedsites，andlookingathowwecanadoptthesepracticesinthefuturetobemoreefficientand7.____________(effect)．Teamshavebeenservingequipment8.____________supportspublicwatersupply，foodproductionandriverflows.Thehotweatherledtoseveralfishrescues，9.____________fisheriesenforcementteams(渔业执法队)continuedtoinvestigateillegalfishing.Lastmonthamajorcoastalflooddefenseplan10.____________(complete)whichwillprotectmorethan300housesinWestSussex.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文，主要介绍了英国环境署在制订一项计划，这项计划能使人类走向一个更绿色、更健康的未来。1．a　[考查冠词。plan在此处作可数名词，泛指“一项计划”，此处表示“如今环境署正在领头制订一项计划，这项计划(能使人类)走向一个更绿色、更健康的未来”；且“plan”是读音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。]2．on/upon　[考查介词。此处表示该计划还强调要重新重视改善空气质量。on/upon意为“关于”。故填on/upon。]3．growth　[考查词性转换。形容词“green”后应接名词。故填growth。]4．hasremained　[考查时态和主谓一致。此处表示自隔离开始以来，环境署一直在全力运作。根据“Since”可知，remain表示动作开始于过去且对现在有影响；且主语“theEnvironmentAgency”为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填hasremained。]5．working　[考查非谓语动词。大部分工作人员在家工作，而一线工作人员仍在现场积极应对洪水风险和污染等问题。此处构成“with＋名词＋现在分词”第29页共29页,的独立主格结构。故填working。]6．best　[考查比较等级。此处表示工作人员一直在充分利用技术来继续工作。固定搭配makethebestuseof意为“充分利用”。故填best。]7．effective　[考查词性转换。根据本句中的“bemoreefficientand”可知，此处应用形容词，与efficient并列。故填effective。]8．that/which　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是“equipment”，指物，此处应用that或者which引导该从句。故填that/which。]9．while/and　[考查连词。句意：炎热的天气导致只有一些鱼获救，(而)渔业执法队还在继续调查非法捕鱼(的状况)。此处既可用连词while表示转折，也可用连词and表示并列。故填while/and。]10．wascompleted　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，complete与主语“plan”构成被动关系，此处应用被动语态；根据时间状语“Lastmonth”可知，此处应用一般过去时；且主语“plan”为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填wascompleted。]C(2021·南昌市一模)RarelyhasasportsteaminChinareceivedpraiseand1.____________(admire)asenthusiasticallyastheChinesewomen’svolleyballteam.Ithasagreateffect2.____________Chinesepeoplefromallwalksoflife.DirectorPeterChan’sfilmLeapshinesaspotlightonthestrugglesofseveralgenerationsoftheChineseteamintheirattempts3.____________(achieve)gloryfortheircountry.Chanbroughtoutintotheopenthedifficultiesbehindproduction.Forexample，thecrewbuilt4.____________volleyballtrainingbaseinBeijingbytakingapartandmovingtheoriginal5.______________(wood)floorfromthebaseinordertorecreatetheoriginalatmosphere.“Thefloorstillshowstheblood，tearandsweat6.____________(leave)bythewomen’svolleyballteammembersbackinthe1980s，”Channoted.“ThepeoplelovetheChinesewomen’svolleyballteam，notonlybecausethey第29页共29页,7.____________(win)thechampionship，butalsobecausetheyhavedisplayedthespiritofputtingthemotherlandfirst，throughunity，cooperation，tenacityandnevergivingup.”Thespirit8.____________(praise)byPresidentXi，9.____________greetedTeamChinaattheGreatHallofthePeopleinBeijingonSeptember30.10．____________(sure)，thatspiritwillliveon.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。中国女排能获得全国人民热烈的赞扬和赞赏，不仅因为她们赢了几次锦标赛，而且也因为她们的精神。1．admiration　[考查词性转换。分析该句结构可知，空处作宾语，和名词praise并列，故用名词形式。]2．on　[考查介词。haveaneffecton为固定搭配，意为“对……有影响”。]3．toachieve　[考查非谓语动词。attempttodosth为固定搭配，故用动词不定式。]4．a　[考查冠词。volleyballtrainingbase在文中第一次出现，根据语境可知，该处泛指一处排球训练基地，又volleyball的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。]5．wooden　[考查形容词。形容词修饰名词，空处修饰名词floor，表示“木质的地板”，故用wooden。]6．left　[考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词shows，根据该句中的“bythewomen’svolleyballteammembersbackinthe1980s”可知，“theblood，tearandsweat”和动词leave之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。]7．havewon　[考查时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的“theyhavedisplayed”可知，此处也应用现在完成时，且主语为they，故填havewon。]8．waspraised　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。根据该句中的byPresidentXi可知，主语Thespirit为单数概念，和动词praise之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；该句陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。主语为Thespirit，谓语用单数形式。]9．who　[考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词PresidentXi，关系词在从句中作主语，故用who引导该定语从句。]第29页共29页,10．Surely　[考查词性转换。空处修饰整个句子，故用副词Surely。]专练五A(2021·河南省高考适应性测试)Someteachersaresoinspirational(鼓舞人心的)thattheirinfluencelivesonlongaftertheirdeath.ThisistrueoftheChinesephilosopherConfucius，1._________________hemaybeoneofthemostquoted(引用)peopleinhistory.Confucius2.____________(think)educationshouldbeforallpeople.ThismadehimstandoutinancientChina.Atthattime，itwasmostlyroyalandwealthy3.____________(family)thateducatedtheirchildren.Confuciusbelievedeveryoneshouldbeabletolearnabouttheworldandimprovehimself.Inpolitics，Confuciussethishumanistideasintoaction.He4.____________(quick)learnedthatmanypeopleinpowerweren’treadyforhisideas.HewanderedthroughChina，5.____________(look)forotherplaceshecouldhelp.Severalofhisstudentsfollowedhim.Afterreturninghome，Confuciuscontinuedteaching.ThisisalsowhenConfuciusdidmuchofhiswriting.Today，manypeoplelearnaboutConfucius6.____________readingTheAnalects.That’swhereConfucius’sversionofTheGoldenRuleshowsup，7.____________says，“Donotdotootherswhatyoudonotwantdonetoyourself.”ConfuciuswrotepartsofTheAnalects.Otherparts8.____________(write)byhisstudentsafterhisdeath.Itwasalsoafterhisdeath9.____________Confucius’sideasbecameknownasConfucianism.Confucianismismorelikeawaytolookattheworld.Itpushespeople10.____________(have)self－disciplineandaloveforhumanity.Today，Confucianisminfluencesmanypeopleacrosstheworld.ItismostcommoninAsiancultures.【语篇解读】　本文是第29页共29页,说明文，主要介绍了孔子在教育、政治等方面的思想以及《论语》的形成和影响。1．and　[考查并列连词。分析句子结构可知，空前是一个完整的句子，空后也是一个完整的句子，因此空处需要一个连词。根据句意可知，前后句之间形成并列，所以空处填and。]2．thought　[考查时态。本句讲到的是孔子的想法，表过去，需要用一般过去时，所以空处填thought。]3．families　[考查名词的数。根据下文中的“theirchildren”可知，空处讲的应该是很多家庭，所以空处填families。]4．quickly　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰后面的动词learned，需要用副词，所以空处填quickly。]5．looking　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是wandered，空处为非谓语动词，与逻辑主语He形成主谓关系，所以空处填looking。]6．by　[考查介词。根据句意“现在许多人是通过读《论语》了解孔子的”可知，此处需要填by表示方式。]7．which　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为表示物的名词TheGoldenRule，关系词在从句中作主语，所以空处填which。]8．werewritten　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语afterhisdeath可知，本句时态为一般过去时；此处表示“其他部分是由孔子的弟子写的”，应用被动语态；主语Otherparts为复数，所以空处填werewritten。]9．that　[考查强调句型。分析句子结构可知，此处考查强调句型“Itis/was＋被强调部分＋that＋句子剩余部分”，所以空处填that。]10．tohave　[考查非谓语动词。此处考查固定表达pushsbtodosth，意为“促使某人做某事”，所以空处填tohave。]B(2021·兰州市高三诊断)AMirrorofChinesecultureWhatcomestomindwhenyouthinkofkungfu？Ifyourmind1.____________(fill)第29页共29页,withimagesofShaolinmonks，BruceLee，jaw－droppingstuntsorKungFuPanda，youwouldn’tbewrong.ButforLaurenceJ．Brahm，anAmericandocumentaryfilmmaker，thefirstthing2.____________springstomindistheconceptofnon－violence.“Kungfu，inmyeyes，isamirrorofChineseculture，”Brahmsaid.“Thetraditional3.____________(value)ofkungfu，actually，areinthemindsofallChinesepeople.”“Chinaadoptsapolicyofnotwanting4._______________(have)conflictwithothercountries.WhydoesChinawanttobeinharmony5.____________othernations？It’spartofthepsychologyoftheChinesepeople.It’salso6.____________(nation)psychology.”Brahmalsobelievesthattoday’sworld7.____________(urgent)needstorestartequalexchangesbetweencountrieswithoutstereotypes(成见)，andthatcultureandsports，suchaskungfu，canserveas8.____________greatchannelandplatform.“Inthesameway，sinceping－pongasaculturalandsportsexchange9.____________(open)relationsforChinawiththeWestinthe1970s，kungfucanbecomethenewculturaldiplomacy(外交)ofourtime，10.____________(bring)peopletogetherinmutualsharingofskillsandculture，andfurtheringrespectandunderstanding.”【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章介绍了龙安志眼中的中国功夫。布拉姆认为中国功夫是中国文化的一面镜子。1．isfilled　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。文章的主体时态是一般现在时；mind和fill是被动关系，这里用一般现在时的被动语态；mind为单数概念。故填isfilled。]2．that　[考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，指的是物，先行词被thefirst修饰，故关系词应用that。]3．values　[考查名词的数。根据谓语动词are可知，空处应该是复数形式，故填values。]4．tohave　[考查非谓语动词。wanttodosth“想要做某事”为固定用法，故填tohave。]第29页共29页,5．with　[考查介词。beinharmonywith为固定搭配。故填with。]6．national　[考查词性转换。空处修饰后面的名词psychology，应用形容词。故填national。]7．urgently　[考查词性转换。空处修饰后面的动词needs，应用副词。故填urgently。]8．a　[考查冠词。空后的“channelandplatform”是可数名词单数，表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且great的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。]9．opened　[考查时态。分析句子结构可知，空处作从句的谓语，根据时间状语“inthe1970s”可知，从句应用一般过去时，故填opened。]10．bringing　[考查非谓语动词。主句已有谓语“canbecome”，空处应填非谓语动词，bring和其逻辑主语kungfu是主谓关系，故填bringing。]C(2021·郑州市第一次质量预测)Zhoukoudianisasmallvillagelyingabout50kilometerstothesouthwestofBeijingCity.Inthe1920s，archaeologists(考古学家)discoveredsomeprehistorichumanbonesthere，1.____________changedpeople’sviewofChina’shistory.Theycamefrom2.____________unknownspeciesofman，andwerethefirstevidenceofhumanlifeinChinathousandsofyearsago.Theremainswerethreeteeth!In1929，acompleteskull(颅骨)3.____________(dig)out.Eventually，archaeologistsfoundalmost200items，including6skullsandmorethan150teeth.Thesediscoveriesprovedthe4.____________(exist)ofahumanspecieswholivedintheareabetween700，000and200，000yearsago.FoursiteswherePekingManandtheir5.____________(relative)livedwerediscoveredonthenorthernfaceofLonggushan.Zhoukoudianwaslisted6.____________aWorldHeritageSiteinDecember1987.IthasnotonlygivenusimportantinformationaboutprehistoricAsiansocieties，butalsoprovidedamazingevidenceabouttheprocessofevolution.Today，partsofthecaveshavebeen7.____________(bad)destroyedbyrain.Someareasarealmostcompletelycoveredwithweeds，8.____________(cause)seriousdamage.Also，pollutionfromthenearbyfactories9.____________(contribute)totheproblem.ThisisaveryseriousmatterandtheChineseAcademyofSciencesistrying10.____________(raise)public第29页共29页,awarenessofit.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了周口店北京人遗址的发掘、作用和现状等信息，并呼吁人们提升文物保护意识。1．which　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句在从句中作主语，所以关系词用which。]2．an　[考查冠词。此处泛指一种未知的人类物种，应填不定冠词表泛指，又因为unknown的发音以元音音素开头，所以空处填an。]3．wasdug　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语In1929可知，此处需要用一般过去时；又此处表示“一个完整的颅骨被挖出来”，应用被动语态；主语acompleteskull为单数，所以空处填wasdug。]4．existence　[考查词性转换。根据空前的the和空后的of可知，空处应填名词existence。]5．relatives　[考查名词的数。此处表示“北京人和他们的亲戚们”，需要用名词复数，所以空处填relatives。]6．as　[考查介词。此处表示“被列为”，所以空处需要填as“作为”。]7．badly　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰谓语，需要用副词，所以空处需要填badly。]8．causing　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语，空处在句中应为非谓语动词，且此处表示自然而然的结果，所以空处填causing。]9．contributes/hascontributed　[考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，结合语境可知，此处可用一般现在时表示客观情况；主语pollution为不可数名词，所以空处填contributes。此外，此处也可以用现在完成时表示动作已发生，并对现在造成了影响。]10．toraise　[考查非谓语动词。此处考查固定用法trytodosth，意为“尽力做某事”，所以空处填toraise。]专练六A第29页共29页,(2021·昆明市高三“三诊一模”)Theideaofinvitingthepublictotakepartinscientificstudiesisknownas“citizenscience”．Anyone1.____________helpsscientistsdothejobiscalleda“citizenscientist”．Whatcanyougetifyoubecomeacitizenscientist?Asenseofpurpose！Citizenscienceprojectscanhelpyoumakegooduseof2.____________(you)time.Funtimes！Youneverknowwhatmight3.____________(find)．Moreeducation！Learnaboutsome4.____________(attract)thingswhiledoingscientificjobs.Whenyou’rehavingfunintheparkandseeabird，whynottakeapictureofit？Withasimpleclick，youcouldbehelpingscientists！ShanghaiNaturalHistoryMuseumhas5.____________app.Peoplecanuploadsounds，6.____________(photo)andlocationsofanimalsiftheyseethemaroundtheircity.Scientistscanusethesedata7.____________(study)cityanimalsandbetterprotectthem.Infact，peoplejustlikeyoucanhelpoutwithmanyscientificstudies.Forexample，scientistsalwaysspendmanyyears8.____________(discover)everykindofladybug(瓢虫)intheworld.Butifweshareourownpicturesofladybugswithscientists，theycanfindthemmuch9.____________(fast)．Asoneoldsayinggoes，“Manyhandsmakelightwork.”Ofcourse，thereismoretostudythanjustanimals.Therearemanyotherfunprojects，such10.________________watchingstarsandclouds，countingpenguinsandevenlisteningtolaughs.You’llfindthatscienceisfunandisforeveryone!【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。公众科学描述的是公众和职业科学家之间的合作关系。本文主要介绍了公众科学给市民带来的益处。1．who/that　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词Anyone，所以填入who/that。]2．your　[考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处作定语，修饰名词time，所以填入形容词性物主代词your。]3．befound　[考查语态。find和从句主语what是被动关系，所以填入be第29页共29页,found。]4．attractive　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处应为形容词，修饰代词things作定语，所以填入attractive。]5．an　[考查冠词。app是可数名词，且第一次在语境中出现，故用不定冠词修饰，且app的发音以元音音素开头，所以填入an。]6．photos　[考查名词的数。photo是可数名词，且空前无限定词，故用复数形式，所以填入photos。]7．tostudy　[考查非谓语动词。此处不定式作目的状语。]8．discovering　[考查非谓语动词。spendtime(in)doingsth是固定搭配，所以填入discovering。]9．faster　[考查比较等级。much，far，even，still等副词经常修饰形容词或副词的比较级，所以填入faster。]10．as　[考查介词。suchas“例如”是固定搭配。]B(2021·合肥市高三第一次教学质量检测)Theopeningofthehigh－speedraillinkbetweenHongKongandShenzhenhasonceagaincaughttheattentionoftheworld.In1876，thefirstcommercialtrain1.____________(launch)inChina.Nowthisnewengineforcontinuedeconomicprogressisgraduallybecomingthecriterion.ThenetworkischangingChinainmanyways.Likerailwaytownsthatemergedalongthetracksinthe19thcenturyBritainandAmerica，urban2.____________(grow)inChinaisalsofollowingtheraillines.Thenetwork3.____________(result)inthecreationofbusinessopportunitieseversince.4.____________isanecosystemthatismakingprofitsnotmerelythroughthesalesofticketsbutthroughitsoverallcapacity，5.____________(drive)Chinaforwarddespiteinternationalfinancialdifficultiesofthisyear.Remotecitieswhichusedtocarryoutcommercial6.____________(activity)alonearenowconnectedwithlargeindustrialzones.Bywayoftheincreasedconnectivity，lesserdevelopedregionsarecatchingupwithdevelopedones.Peoplecannowmaketripsto第29页共29页,places7.____________couldn’tbereachedbeforeoveraweekend.Similarly，theyhave8.____________(great)accesstoremoteareasandlessexploredregionswherethelivesofpeopleconnectedtothetourismindustryhavebeendramaticallyimprovedthanbefore.High－speedtrainsarecontributing9.____________(significant)toChina’seconomicandsocialdevelopment.Asthenetworkcontinuestoexpand，itwillnotbelongbeforeallregionsofthecountrystartprogressing10.____________thesameinterdependentpace.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了高铁为中国经济社会发展作出的巨大贡献。1．waslaunched　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语In1876可知，此处应用一般过去时；此处表示“列车被推出”，应用被动语态；又主语thefirstcommercialtrain为单数，故填waslaunched。]2．growth　[考查词性转换。urban是形容词，意为“都市的，城市的”，修饰名词，结合空后的is也可知应填growth。]3．hasresulted　[考查时态和主谓一致。根据本句中的“eversince”可知，谓语动词应用现在完成时，又因主语为单数，故填hasresulted。]4．It　[考查代词。根据空后的is并结合语境可知，此处缺少主语，指代上句中的Thenetwork，应用代词It。]5．driving　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词is，空处为非谓语动词，与逻辑主语It为主谓关系，故用现在分词。故填driving。]6．activities　[考查名词的数。activity意为“(为达到一定目的而进行的)活动”时为可数名词，此处泛指商业活动，其前无冠词，故填activities。]7．which/that　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，指代先行词places，在从句中作主语，故填which/that。]8．greater　[考查比较等级。根据语境可知，此处表示“有更多的机会”，故填greater。]9．significantly　[考查词性转换。空处修饰谓语，需用副词。故填significantly。]10．at　[考查介词。与pace搭配的介词应是at，意为“以……的速度”第29页共29页,。故填at。]C(2021·贵阳市学期监测)“Awonderfulexperience.Thestaffatthehotelmadeeverythingeasyandcomfortable.Weonlyhadalongweekend，andwishithadbeen1.____________(long)．I’malreadywondering2.____________Icanvisitagain，”KarenB，atouristfromAustralia，describesherstayatTeaCozyonTripAdvisor.The“hotel”sheisreferringtois3.____________(actual)ahomestay(家庭寄宿)inYangshuo，whichnow4.____________(have)around1，000homestays.AsoneofChina’searlytouristdestinationstoopenuptotheworldintheearly1980s，Yangshuogot5.____________(it)firsthomestayinthemid－1980s.Ithasnowgrownintoanindustry.WuJianyuan，a30－year－oldfromJiwoduvillageinYangshuo,returned6.____________herhometowntoworkasafrontdeskmanageratahomestayafter7.____________(gain)experienceofworkinginhotelsinGuangdongandJiangsu8.____________(province)．“Thepaymentisbetterhere.Lifeandworkarestable，andYangshuoisnotonly9.____________beautifulplace，butmyhometoo，”shesays.WuisoneofthemanyworkersfromYangshuowhoreturnedtoworkinherhometown.ThetourismindustryisrecoveringquicklyastheCOVID－19haslargely10.____________(control)inChina.ThebookingrateathomestaysinYangshuo，particularlythehigh－endones，hasalmostreturnedtothepre－pandemiclevel.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了作为中国早期对外开放的旅游目的地之一，阳朔的旅游产业发展良好，吸引了更多年轻人回乡就业，其民宿也获得了游客的盛赞。1．longer　[考查比较等级。根据语境可知，此处表示“我们只有一个长周末，我们希望这个周末可以更长一些”，需要用形容词比较级，所以空处用longer。]2．when/whether/if　[考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，此处表示“我已经在想什么时候/是否还可以再来这里”第29页共29页,，故空处填when/whether/if。]3．actually　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰谓语动词is，需要用副词，所以空处填actually。]4．has　[考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作从句的谓语，根据其前的时间状语now可知，此处需要用一般现在时；主语为which，指代Yangshuo，表单数概念，所以空处填has。]5．its　[考查代词。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰后面的名词homestay，需要用形容词性物主代词，所以空处填its。]6．to　[考查介词。此处表示“返回她的家乡”，故此处需要用固定搭配returnto...“返回……”。]7．gaining　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处跟在介词after之后，需要用动词－ing形式，所以空处填gaining。]8．provinces　[考查名词的数。province是一个可数名词，根据前面的“GuangdongandJiangsu”可知，这里提到了两个省份，需要用可数名词复数，所以空处填provinces。]9．a　[考查冠词。此处泛指“一个美丽的地方”，且beautiful的发音以辅音音素开头，所以空处填不定冠词a。]10．beencontrolled　[考查时态语态。由空前的“has”及语境可知，此处表示在中国，新冠肺炎疫情在很大程度上已经被控制住，故用现在完成时和被动语态，空前已经有“has”，所以空处填beencontrolled。]第29页共29页