广东省高考英语二轮复习 题型技法指导专题二 语法填空

2013年高考第二轮复习英语广东版题型技法指导专题二　语法填空真题试做（2012·广东高考）Marywillneverforgetthefirsttimeshesawhim.Hesuddenlyappearedinclassoneday，__1__（wear）sunglasses.Hewalkedinasifhe__2__（buy）theschool.AndthewordquicklygotaroundthathewasfromNewYorkCity.ForsomereasonhesatbesideMary.Maryfelt__3__（please），becausethereweremanyemptyseatsintheroom.Butshequicklyrealizedthatitwasn'ther，itwasprobablythefactthatshesatin__4__lastrow.__5__hethoughthecouldescapeattentionbysittingattheback，hewaswrong.Itmighthavemadeitalittle__6__（hard）foreverybodybecauseitmeanttheyhadtoturnaround，butthatdidn'tstopthekidsintheclass.Ofcoursewhenevertheyturnedtolookathim，theyhadtolookatMary，__7__madeherfeellikeastar.“Doyouneedthoseglassesformedicalreasons？”theteacherasked.Thenewboyshookhishead.“ThenI'dappreciateitifyoudidn'tweartheminclass.IliketolookatyoureyeswhenI'mspeakingtoyou.”Thenewboylookedattheteacher__8__afewsecondsandalltheotherstudentswondered__9__theboywoulddo.Thenhetook__10__off，gaveabigsmileandsaid“That'scool.”考向分析语法填空命题特点：1．短文长度为150～200词之间，其中2012年高考题为234词。2．命题形式：（1）纯空格题，一般设6～7题，要求考生根据语境在空格处填入适当的词。主要考查代词、冠词、连词和介词。（2）提供单词原形：一般设3～4题，主要提供的是动词、形容词、名词三大类，要求考生根据语境写出正确的词形。3．考查语法范围：从考试说明和近几年的高考题来看，试题主要涉及时态、语态、非谓语动词、代词、冠词、连词、介词等语法知识的正确运用。答题步骤一、通读全文，了解主旨大意语法填空题以语篇的形式考查英语语法知识的综合运用，所以认真阅读试题，弄清文章叙述线索、主旨大意、主要情节和作者写作目的非常重要，因为只有对整篇文章理解准确才可能将每个空格处的单词填写正确。做本题切忌急于求成，看一句填一句，而应先通读全文，了解文章大意。二、尝试填空，解决较易空格在把握主题的基础上，了解空格处在文中的逻辑关系，界定空格处的语法功能和作用，确定所填词的词性，然后根据上下文确定它的意义，最后落实到具体的一个词语上去。这样环环相扣，步步为营，稳步推进，达到缩小选择范围的目的。如：Wegotoschool，aboveall，______（learn）howtolearn，sothatwhenweleaveschoolwecancontinuetolearn.解题指导：learn为动词，主句中已有谓语动词go，可以排除考查时态的可能性，确定是考查非谓语动词。从句子结构看空格处应当作目的状语，在非谓语动词中能作目的状语的只有不定式，故答案为tolearn。-19-\n答案：tolearn三、再读检查，修正错误做完题后，应该静下心来，仔细复读全文，检查自己所填的词语是否符合原意，从语意贯通、逻辑合理的角度，认真复查答案的合理性和正确性，尤其注意动词、连词、介词的搭配以及名词的形式等。规律方法一、纯空格题解题技巧纯空格题没有英语单词提示，也没有中文提示，这是最难的一种形式，也是考得最多的一种形式，如在2011年高考中占了10个题目中的6个。这种形式的题目需要考生根据对短文整体逻辑关系的把握及生活常识等确定空格处在句中的功能，界定词性，进而确定它的意义，最后确定它的形式。1．根据句子成分判断词性在填这类空格时，可以根据句子的结构和所填词的句法功能，判断是用形容词还是副词，是用动词还是名词等。如修饰名词，前面通常用冠词、形容词或名词；如修饰动词和整个句子，通常用副词；如作谓语，应用动词；如作主语或宾语，通常用名词、代词；系动词后面常用形容词，而不用副词等。如：【例1】Helooked______atthechildren.（根据上下文语境可知表示“生气”。）【例2】Helooked______atthenewsontheradio.（根据上下文语境可知表示“生气”。）解题指导：第一句的looked为实义动词，后接副词，答案为angrily。第二句的“atthenews”相当于“onhearingthenews”，looked为系动词，后接形容词，答案为angry。答案：1．angrily　2．angry2．根据句子类型判断词类我们都知道，若两个或几个简单句之间是逗号，可以判断，一定是填连词。连词有两类，一类是并列连词，一类是从属连词。我们可以根据句子的类型判断所要填的词类。（1）连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时，应填并列连词and，or，but等。（2）若两个句子（有两个主谓结构）之间，没有句号或分号，也没有连词，那空格处必定是填连接词，否则，句子结构就不完整。根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构，确定是并列句（多要求考生填and，but，while，when，or等）还是某种主从复合句。然后根据各类从句的特点，结合连接词的意义和用法，确定填具体的某个连词。【例1】（2012广东广州高考调研交流试题英语试卷）Longlongago，inasmallandfarawayvillage，therewasaplaceknownastheHouseof1,000Mirrors.Alittlehappydoglearnedofthisplace______decidedtovisitit.解题指导：分析句子结构可知此空要填一个连词，有两个谓语learned和decided，且为先后关系，因此填连词and。答案：and【例2】（2012广东高考真题）Ofcoursewhenevertheyturnedtolookathim，theyhadtolookatMary，______madeherfeellikeastar.解题指导：逗号之前为一个句子，之后也有一个句子，分析结构可知需一个连接词引导非限制性定语从句，且修饰前面整个句子，因此填which。答案：which【例3】（2011广州一模）Itgotitsnameduringtheindustrialrevolution，______factorypollutionturnedthelocalskiesblackandcoaldustfromtheminesmadethesoilthesamecolour.解题指导：分析句子结构可知此空要填一个连接词，修饰先行词industrialrevolution，引导非限制性定语从句，应用when。答案：when3．根据固定搭配和常用句型确定答案固定搭配及习惯用法是属于比较简单的考点，只要平时注意积累基本上就能答对。【例题】（2011广东四校联考）Alsowedon'thavetoworryaboutourpersonal-19-\nproperty.Asissaid，freedomisnotsomethingyouaregiven，butsomethingyouhavetofight______.解题指导：考查固定搭配。fightfor...意为“为了……而奋斗”。答案：for二、单词提示题解题技巧这种形式的题是指空格后有单词提示，主要考查实词词形变化和词性转换。1．考查动词的时态和语态如果提示词是动词，又能判断出是作谓语时，首先应判断其时态和语态。【例题】（2012广东佛山二模）Theorganization______（found）in1863，andwasbasedonanideabyaSwissbusinessmancalledHenryDunant.解题指导：此句为and连词的并列句，且第一句无谓语，再考虑时态和语态，根据时间状语in1863可知此处用一般过去时态的被动语态。答案：wasfounded2．考查非谓语动词如果一个句子已有谓语动词，且不是并列谓语动词时，所给动词就要用非谓语形式，这时要根据此非谓语动词所作的句子成分使用恰当的形式。【例1】（2011广州二模）Thepart______（blame）isyourdiaphragm，themuscleatthebottomofyourchest.解题指导：考查非谓语动词，句中已有is，此空填的词用作后置定语修饰名词part。答案：toblame【例2】（2012广州二模）Themainfindingofthe30countrysurveyisthatequalitybetweenmenandwomenisvitalto______（improve）livingstandardsandhealth，especiallyforchildrenindevelopingcountries.解题指导：考查非谓语动词，bevitalto后面接动名词。答案：improving3．考查词性转换和确定词性这是语法填空的必考点，如2011年便考查了形容词mental转换成副词mentally修饰形容词。做题时，考生应根据该词在句中所作的句子成分来确定用哪种形式。具体方法有：（1）作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。（2）作主语、在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。（3）在冠词、形容词性物主代词后，或者在“冠词＋形容词”后，用名词形式。（4）修饰动词、形容词或副词作状语，用副词形式。（5）若是词义转换题，词类不用变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un，im或在词根后加less等。【例1】（2011广州二模）Andmaybethemostfamous______（treat），havingsomeonescareyou，alsohelpsbeatthehiccups.解题指导：空前themostfamous为形容词最高级，故其后应用名词形式。答案：treatment【例2】（2012广东湛江一中5月模拟考试）Atthispoint，thegameisstoppedforafewminutesandthecoachgatherstheteamtodiscuss__17__（adjust）whichareneededtogettheplayersbackontrackandtoperformmore__18__（effect）.解题指导：第17题所给adjust为动词，此处应填名词adjustment，作动词discuss的宾语，也为后面定语从句的先行词；第18题所给词effect本身为名词，在句中修饰动词perform，因此应改为副词形式。答案：adjustment；effectively4．形容词和副词的比较级此考点也是高考的常考点，比如2010年的广东高考试题语法填空题便考查了形容词sweet的比较级形式sweeter。复习的重点是比较级和最高级的基本用法和特殊句式，以及在形容词或副词前填less，least等构成的降级比较。【例题】（2011广东佛山顺德期末）Theyhaveasecretswitchwhichmakesthemeters-19-\nmuch______（fast）.解题指导：前面由much修饰，因此使用比较级。答案：faster误区警示1．忽视语篇和语境Behindhimwereotherpeopleto__21__hewastryingtotalk，butaftersomeminutes__22__walkedawayandsatnearme，lookingannoyed.错混透析：22．they　本题易误填he或者people。考生因为没有考虑到语境而弄不清此空要填什么人称代词。解题指导：由句子结构分析可知此处缺少主语，且谓语说明的是上文提到的otherpeople，故要填人称代词主格they。做语法填空题时考生考虑上下文联系，不可忽视语篇和语境而只从语法角度考虑，因为语法填空题一大出题点是语言知识在具体篇章中的运用，更加强调语言的交际功能。2．忽视语法，逻辑失误WhenJanegothome，withhersmallbutwellchosenpresentinherbag，herparentswerealready__9__tablehavingsupper.Hermotherwasexcited.“Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking，”Jane__10__（inform）.错混透析：10.wasinformed　考生易误填informed或isinformed。解题指导：因Jane与inform是动宾关系，故用被动语态；又因为全文是一般过去时，故用一般过去时的被动语态。语法填空题另一大出题点是考查考生语法知识的掌握程度，因此解题时考生应凭借扎实的语法基本功熟练分析句子的结构，应具有较强的句法分析能力。3．定式干扰，误入陷阱Besides，shoppingatthistimeoftheyearwasnot__3__pleasantexperience：peoplesteppedonyourfeetor__4__（push）youwiththeirelbows（肘部），hurryingaheadtogettoabargain.错混透析：3．a　考生可能误填定冠词the。考生易受experience表示“经验”时为不可数名词的干扰，认为此处不可能用不定冠词。解题指导：experience当意为“经历”时，是可数名词，apleasantexperience表示“一次愉快的经历”。4．忽视固定搭配和常用句型Theteacherreplied，“Youtastedthewater.Itastedthegift.Thewaterwassimplythecontainerforanactofkindnessandlove.Nothingcouldbe__9__（sweet）.”错混透析：9.sweeter　由于考生知识掌握不牢固，忘记了固定句型，可能会误填sweet或unsweet或sweety。解题指导：考查固定句型，用sweet的比较级和否定代词nothing搭配表示最高级的意义。在平时的备考中考生要善于积累，掌握一些重要的固定搭配和常用句型，并注意结合具体的语境加以融会贯通，以达到熟练掌握的目的。5．审题不细导致失误Janewaswalkingroundthedepartmentstore.Sherememberedhowdifficult__1__wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.Shewishedthathewasaseasy__2__（please）ashermother，whowasalwaysdelightedwithperfume.错混透析：1.it　本题考生容易误填that。这是因为考生没有认真分析句子结构，没有看清所填的成分是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。这是由于审题不细而导致的失误。解题指导：it在宾语从句中作形式主语，真正的主语是tochoose...。考生在做语法填空题时应认真分析整个句子的结构，分析所填空格词的词性，以得出正确答案。6．忽略标点Itwasawintermorning，justbeforeChristmas，whenmostpeoplewerewarminguptheircars，myhusband，Trevor，hadtoridehisbike4kilometersawayfromhome-19-\ntowork.Onhis__1__（arrive），heparkedhisbikeoutsidethebackdoor__2__usual.After10hoursoflabor，hereturnedtofindhisbikegone，__3__wasouronlytransport.错混透析：3.which　此题考生易误填答案that。由于没有注意前面有逗号，认为引导定语从句也可以填连接词that。解题指导：which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词hisbike，且在从句中作主语。标点符号一直没有引起考生的重视，但标点符号的正确使用会帮助考生提高分析问题和解决问题的能力。因此考生应树立正确的标点符号认识观。一、基础题（一）（2012·深圳二模）Haveyoueverlivedabroad？Whenlivingoverseasinaplacewherepeoplespeakadifferentlanguage，__1__canbedifficulttomakeyourselfunderstoodevenin__2__（relative）simplebutimportantareasoflife，likeshoppingandgettingaroundtown.Itcanbereallyupsettryingtoaskforsomethinginastoreortotellthetaxidriver__3__youaregoing.Sometimesyoumaybeata__4__（lose）astowhattodo；sometimesyouarecertainthatpeopleunderstandyou__5__arejustpretendingthattheydon't；andothertimestheymakeavery__6__（consider）efforttocommunicatewithyou.Youshouldalsobepreparedtomakechangesinthedietandgetaccustomedto__7__localfoodsandthelimitedselectionoffamiliarfoodsinthestoresandrestaurants.Besides，youwillexperiencesomestressandanxiety__8__youarelivinginadifferentculturewithdifferentvalues__9__yourown.Youmayfindthatsomeofyourcherishedanddeeply__10__（hold）valuesaboutlifemaynotbeequallyimportanttomembersofyournewhostculture.（二）（2012·广东汕头二模）Onedayayoungmanwasstandinginthemiddleofthetownproclaiming（宣告）thathehadthemostbeautifulheartinthewholevalley.Alargecrowd__1__（gather），andtheyalladmiredhisheartforitwasperfect.Suddenly，anoldmanappearedandsaid，“Why，yourheartisnotnearlyasbeautifulas__2__.”Thecrowdandtheyoungmanlookedattheoldman'sheart，whichwasfullofscars.Ithadplaceswherepieceshadbeenremovedandother__3__（piece）putin，buttheydidn'tfitquiteright，andtherewereseveraljagged（锯齿状的）edges.Infact，insomeplacesthereweredeepgouges（沟槽）wherewholepieceswere__4__（miss）.Theyoungmanlaughed.“Comparingyourheartwithmine，mineisperfectandyoursisamessofscars.”“Yes，”saidtheoldman，“Yourslooksperfect__5__Iwouldnevertradewithyou.Yousee，everyscarrepresentsapersonto__6__Ihavegivenmylove.Itearoutapieceofmyheartandgiveittothem，andoftentheygivemeapieceoftheirheartthatfitsintotheemptyplaceinmyheart.Butbecausethepiecesaren'texact，Ihavesomeroughedges，whichIcherish，becausetheyremindmeof__7__loveweshared.SometimesIhavegivenpiecesofmyheartaway，andtheotherpersonhasn'treturnedapieceofhisorherheart__8__me.Thesearetheemptygouges.Althoughthesegougesarepainful，theystayopen，__9__（remind）meoftheloveIhaveforthosepeople.Sonowdoyousee__10__truebeautyis？”（三）-19-\n（2012·广东珠海第一中学高考模拟试题）Surveysshowthatalthoughamanandawomanhavethesamelevelorhandlethesamepositioninanorganization，themanwouldgetahigherorbiggercompensationpackage（薪酬）compared__1__women.Becauseofthis，manywomenjustholdsubordinatepositions__2__（content）infinance，humanresources，sales，manufacturingandothersupportiveroles.Therearestill__3__barriersthatpreventwomenfrom__4__（reach）theirfullpotentialsintheworldofemployment.Ourculturedoesnotencouragewomentoexcelingovernment__5__inbusinessrelatedjobs.Womenwhoareabletomakeitontopandhandleleadershiprolesaresometimesregardedmerely__6__tokens（象征）.Theirabilitiesandskills__7__（question）bytheirownpeers，andsadlyevenbyotherwomen.__8__youareawomanwhohastheinterest，abilityanddrivetopursuemanagementcareers，careercounselingisofgreathelptogiveyoudirectionandincreasemotivationtopursueyourcareergoals.__9__willhelpyouhavetheselfconfidencetogetyouinthesamecareeropportunitiesopentomeninthissociety__10__menarepreferredfortoplevelpositions.（四）（2012·广东湛江一中高三5月份模拟考试）WhatPatriciaPaniawantedtobewasamotherandhomemaker.But__1__lifewasturnedupsidedownwhenamotorist__2__（distract）byhiscellphone，ranastopsignandcrashedintothesideofhercar.Theimpactkilledher2yearolddaughter.Fourmonthslater，Paniareluctantlybut__3__（courage）decidedtotrytoeducatethepublicandtofight__4__lawstobandriversfromusingcellphones__5__acarismoving.Inherfirstspeech，Paniawasvisiblytremblingandhervoicewassoftanduncertain.Butasshegotintoherspeech，adramatic__6__（transform）tookplace.Shestopped__7__（shake）andspokewith__8__strongvoice.Fortherestofhertalk，shewasaforcefulandcompellingspeaker.Shewantedeveryoneintheaudiencetoknow__9__sheknewwithouthavingtolearnitfromapersonaltragedy.Manyintheaudienceweremovedtotearsandtoaction.Insubsequentpresentations，Paniagainedreputation__10__ahighlyeffectivespeaker.（五）（2012·广东珠海第二次高三英语模拟试题）MaWendiisusedtocuriousglances__1__shewalkssixdogsatthesametime.Theyarenotallhers.__2__25yearoldveterinarygraduateisafulltimedogwalker.“Ihavetotakecareoftwelvedogsatmost，”saidMa.Shecharges500yuanamonthperdog，andmostcustomersleavetheirdogsatherhouseforaweek.The__3__（busy）timeisaroundtheSpringFestival，becausemanypeoplegobacktotheirhometownsforfamilyreunions__4__gotraveling.“__5__（compare）withpeoplewhohavetobeintheirofficesduringtheday，Idon'thavetogetupearly__6__（squeeze）intothesubwaycarriagesintherushhour，andIstillmakeadecentsalary，”shesaid.“Butit'satiringjob.Ihavetoworkwhenevertherearedogsathome，andnotimetoenjoy__7__.SometimesIwanttogooutforamealorshopping，butIcan'tdoso__8__Iworryaboutthem，”shesaid.Maknows__9__thedogs'names，andwhenshecallsone'sname，thedoginstantlyknowsshe__10__（refer）toit.（六）（2012·广东汕头一模）MyfriendVernonDavieskeptbirds.Onedayhephonedandtoldmehewasgoingawayforaweek.Heaskedmetofeed__1__birdsforhimandsaidthathewouldleave-19-\nthekey__2__hisfrontdoorinmymailbox.__3__（fortunate），IforgotallaboutthebirdsuntilthenightbeforeVernonwasgoingtoreturn.Whatwasworse，__4__wasalreadydarkwhenIarrivedathishouse.IsoonfoundthatthekeyVernongavemecouldnotunlockeitherthefrontdoor__5__thebackdoor.Iwasgettingdesperate.Ikeptthinkingof__6__Vernonwouldsaywhenhecameback.Iwasjustgoingtogiveup__7__Inoticedthatonebedroomwindowwasslightlyopen.Ifoundabarrelandpusheditunderthewindow.Asthebarrelwasveryheavy，Imadealotofnoise.Butintheend，Imanagedtoclimb__8__andopenthewindow.IactuallyhadoneleginsidethebedroomwhenIsuddenlyrealizedthatsomeone__9__（shine）atorchupatme.Ilookeddownandsawapolicemanandanoldlady，oneofVernon'sneighbours.“Whatareyoudoingupthere？”saidthepoliceman.__10__（feel）likeacompletefool，Ireplied，“IwasjustgoingtofeedMr.Davies'birds.”（七）（2012·广东广州二模）Inequalitybetweenmenandwomenresultsinpoorerhealthforchildrenandgreaterfamilypoverty（贫穷），accordingtoanewstudy.TheUNagencychieffoundthat，__1__thesituationhasslightlyimproved，manywomenarestillnotincludedinfamilydecisions，__2__asaresulttheirchildrenaremorelikelytosufferfrompoorhealth.Themainfindingofthe30countrysurveyisthatequalitybetweenmenandwomenisvitalto__3__（improve）livingstandardsandhealth，especiallyforchildrenindevelopingcountries.Theconclusionsarecontainedintheagency's__4__（late）report.Thisreportpointstoalackofopportunitiesforgirlsandwomenineducationandwork，whichcontributes__5__theirpovertyandlackofpower.Wheremencontrolthehousehold，lessmoney__6__（spend）onhealthcareandfood，__7__resultsinpoorerhealthforchildren.Anincreasein__8__（employ）opportunitiesforwomenwouldincrease__9__householdpower，thereportsaid.Forexample，theagencyfoundthatwhoeverhasmorehouseholdincomedecides__10__ornotitwillbeusedforfamilyneeds.（八）（2012·广东佛山普通高中高三教学质量检测（二））TheInternationalRedCrossandRedCrescent（弯月）MuseumwasopenedinGenevain1988.__1__tellsthestoryofmenandwomenwho，inthecourseofthemajoreventsofthelast150years，havegivenassistance__2__victimsofwarsandnaturaldisasters.Theorganization__3__（found）in1863，andwasbasedonanideabyaSwissbusinessmancalledHenryDunant.Hehadwitnessedtoomany__4__（die）andwoundsattheBattleofSolferinoinItalyfouryears__5__（early），inwhich40,000peoplewerekilled，woundedormissing.Hehadseenthelackofmedicalservicesandthegreatsufferingofmanyofthewounded，__6__simplydiedfromlackofcare.TheInternationalRedCross/RedCrescentexists__7__（help）thevictimsofconflictsanddisastersregardlessoftheirnationality.__8__symboloftheorganizationwasoriginallyjusttheredcross.Ithasnoreligioussignificance；thefounders__9__themovementadopteditinhonorofSwitzerland.However，theoriginalsymbol，theredcross，couldhurtMuslimsoldiers'feelings，__10__asecondsymbol，theredcrescent，wasused.Botharenowofficialsymbols.（九）Onceuponatime，inasmallcountry，peopledecidedtoinvestigatewhatitwasthatparentsreallylikedthemost.Acompetitionwasorganised.Itwouldusethe__1-19-\n__（late）inventionofProfessorCrankShafte：theGladometer（快乐测量仪）.Todate，theGladometeristheonlycontraptionever__2__（build）capableofmeasuringjoyandhappiness.So，onebyone，thechildrenpresented__3__ownparticulartalentstotheirparents.AndtheGladometerfaithfullymeasuredtheirparents'reactions.Oneboyturnedup__4__atrainedpig；thepigsanganddanced.Agirlcameandplayedtheviolinlikeanangel.__5__intelligentboycameandreadhisverybigbook.Theparents'happinesswaseasytosee.Finally，aboycametotheGladometercarrying__6__.Nordidheknowhowtodoanything.Whentheorganizersaskedhimwhathewasgoingtodo，he__7__（simple）said，“Iamveryobedient（顺从的）.”Themachinemeasuredsuchahighreading__8__itbeganviolentlyshaking，andfinally__9__（explode）.Theboywhohaddonenothingwonalltheprizesthatday，forsolvingthemysteryof__10__pleasesparentsthemost.二、能力题（一）（2012·广东茂名第二次高考模拟考试）Iwasfeelingsadbecausemymotherwasoutofjob.Itleftmewondering__1__wasgoingtohappentous.Igotoffthecollegeshuttlebusandstartedwalking.ThenIheardpianomusicandsingingrisingabovethenoiseofthepeopleandthetraffic.Iwalkedmuch__2__（slow）soIcouldfindoutwhereitwascoming__3__.ThroughthecrowdIsawayoungladysittingatapianowithacarriagenexttoher.Shewassingingsongs__4__loveandkeepingontrying，andnotunderestimating（低估）thepowerwithinyourself.Thewayshewassingingcomfortedmeabit.Istoodthere__5__（watch）herplayforaboutfifteenminutes，thinkingthat__6__musttakecouragetoperformonherowninthemiddleofacrowd.Shemusthavefeltmypresencebecauseshewouldoccasionallylookinmydirection.BynowIwastelling__7__thatifshecouldperforminfrontofhundredsofpeople__8__shedidn'tknow，Icouldatleasttellherhowgoodshesounded.Iwalkedover，__9__（put）somemoneyinhercarriageandsaid，“Thankyou.Ihavebeengoingthrougharoughtimelately，butyou'vemademe__10__（hope）again.”（二）WalkintoanymainstreetbookstoreinBritainandyou'llseepostersofJamieOliver.He'snotapopstar__1__apolitician.He'sachefwhoischangingthedietsofawholegeneration.Oliverhasbeen__2__（great）attractedbyfoodeversinceheworkedin__3__father'srestaurantasachild.Heshowednotonly__4__cookingtalentatayoungagebutalsoahugeinterest__5__creatingfresh，honestanddeliciousfood.Oliver__6__（appear）incookeryshowsonTV，writesbooksandmagazinearticlesandshowsincookwareadvertisements.His__7__（activity），basedonthemethodofproducinggood，healthyfood，haveinspiredeveryonetogetbusyinthekitchen.Oliver'sTVprogramJamie'sSchoolDinnersbroughtthechef'spopularinfluencetofocus__8__raisingthequalityoffoodservedinUKschools.He'shelpedyoungsterstowakeupto__9__they'reeatingandhe'smadecaringaboutwhatyoueatcool.Tryingtoenrichhisrecipe，heeventravelstomanyplacesintheUS，__10__（taste）differentlocaldishesanddiscussingcookingwiththelocalpeople.（三）（2012·广东天河普通高中毕业班综合测试）ThisSaturdaymorningIwashavingawalkaround，enjoyingthequietmorning，beautifulweatherandlovelylife，withmydogJettrunning__1__（enjoy）beside-19-\nme.AtonehomeIpassed，Inoticedanewspaperthat__2__（lie）bytheroadsideinsteadofnearthedoor.ThinkingIwouldmakesomeoneelse'slifealittle__3__（easy），Ipickedupthepaperandgentlythrewittowardstheirdoor.__4__insteadoflandingonthedoorstep，thepapersailed__5__thewrongdirectionbecauseofthestrongwindandlandedontheroofofabigtruckinthedriveway.NoonesawthefunnyscenebutmeandIburstoutlaughing.Itwasveryquietandtheywereprobablystillsleeping.Itwastooearlytoknockonthedoorandtellthehomeowner__6__theirnewspaperwas.__7__，insteadIwalkedhome，gotdressedandwenttothestoretomakeitright.Ireturnedalittlelaterwithanewnewspaperandabasketofstrawberriesfreshly__8__（pick）frommygarden.Ifoundthehomeownerinthedrivewaywithsomeofhisfriends.WithadeepbreathIcameuptohimandsaid，“Ihopeyouhaveagreatsenseofhumor.”Iexplainedwhathadhappenedto__9__newspaper.HearingthistheyalllaughedloudlyandIcouldn'thelpbutsmileallday.I'vehearditsaid.“Characteriswhatyoudo__10__nobodyislooking.”Ishouldbeamanofcharacter!（四）（2012·广东揭阳一中、金山中学高三第三次模拟联考）Asweallknow，gamesplayaveryimportantroleinthegrowthofchildren.Childrenshouldgrowalongwithplayinggames，for，__1__playinggames，theycannotonlyacquireknowledge，butalsocultivatetheirabilitiestogetalongwithothers.However，mostchildrenare__2__（face）withacompletelydifferentsituation.Mostparentsfearthatgameswillpreventchildrenfromincreasingnewknowledgeand__3__thechildrenwillfailinthefutureexaminations.So，insteadof__4__（let）thechildren__5__findandlearnnaturallyfromtheirsurroundings，theyforcetheirchildrentotakepartinvariouskindsofclasses，learningEnglish，playing__6__pianoorpractisingdrawing，etc.What'smore，someparentsput__7__thechildren'stoyswhichareveryusefulindevelopingchildren'simaginationandpracticalabilities.__8__isapieceofgoodadvicetothoseparents：__9__youwanttoexpectyourchildtobeabletoaccomplishsomething，youmustfirstofalldevelophisabilitytoadapttothenewsurroundings.Thatcrameducationcanleadtonothing__10__afailureinthechildren'sgrowth.（五）Longlongago，avillagehadastrangetradition.Eachspring，whenaboyreached18，he__1__（give）landandmoneytobuildahouse.Theboyhadtocompletethehousebeforewinter，__2__ifthehousewasdamagedinwinter，peoplewouldnothelphimandthinkhimuseless，__3__wasdemandedbythetradition.Onespring，MarcandPaulreachedthisageandgotthemoneyandlandaccordingto__4__tradition.Theybothwenttosearchforideastobuildtheirhouses.__5__（collect）severalgoodideas，Marcwentbackandbegantobuild__6__house.Paulcontinuedcollectingideasandbelievedthathecouldfindeven__7__（good）ones.Marc'shousewascompletedinautumn.Thoughitwasnotperfect，itwasstrong，Paul，however，rushedtobuildahouse__8__thebeginningofwinter.Thoughitwasbeautiful，itwastooweaktosurviveastormandhefrozeto__9__（die）.Marc'shousesurvived.Eachyear，hegraduallyimprovedhishouse，andeventuallymade__10__perfect.（六）Expertssaythereareseveralwaystodealwithstress.Theyincludedeepbreathing-19-\nandamethodofguidedthoughtcalledmeditation.Theyalsoincludeexercise，eatinghealthyfoods，gettingenoughrestandbalancingthetime__1__（spend）workingandplaying.Exerciseisoneof__2__mosteffectivestressreductionmeasures.Running，walkingorplayingsportscausesphysicalchanges__3__makeyoufeelbetter.Exercisealsoimprovesthebody'sdefensesystem__4__disease.Andstudieshavefoundthat__5__helpsprotectagainstadecreaseinmentalability.Doctorssaydeep，slowbreathingisalsohelpful.Many__6__（medicine）studieshaveshownthatclearingthemindthroughquietmeditation__7__（help）youbecomecalm.Thiscauseslowerbloodpressure，reducesmuscletension__8__decreasesheartrate.Expertsalsosaykeepingstresstoyourselfcanmakeproblems__9__（bad）.Researchershavelinkedthefailure__10__identifyandexpressemotionstomanyhealthconditions.Theseincludeeatingdisorders，feardisordersandhighbloodpressure.（七）（2012·广东中山华侨中学高三第三次模拟）Inmanycountries，__1__isnotunusualforfamiliesofdifferentbackgroundstolivetogetherinthesharedspace.__2__，intheUnitedStates，thisideamaystillbeconsideredodd.Butthistypeofhousing，__3__（call）cohousing，isgaining__4__（popular）intheUnitedStates，too.Cohousingcomplexesarepoppingupacrossthecountry.Formanypeople，thiswayoflifeisarelieftothebusymodernlifestyle.Acohousingcommunityhas__5__（private）ownedhousesandsharedland.Thereisoftena“commonhouse”withakitchenanddiningroom，meetingroom，andmaybeaworkshopoflibraryormusicroom.About25cohousingcommunities__6__（build）inrecentyears，and150moreareplanned.Acohousingcomplexisaplace__7__residentsshop，cook，andeattogether.Residentsofacohousingcomplexlikeitssenseofsharedcommunity.Childrenhaveotherkidstoplay__8__，__9__manyfamilieslike.Otherresidentslikethefeelingoflivingina“village”.Residentsalsosaythattheycanliveincohousingfor__10__（little）moneythanthattheywouldpayfornearbyapartments.（八）Onceuponatime，apoortravellerstoppedunderatree.Fromhisbaghetookoutabowlof__1__（boil）riceandstartedtoeat.Nearbywasasmallshop，whereawomanwassellingfriedfishtothetravellerswhowereabletopayfor__2__.Whenthemanfinishedeatingandgotuptoleave，sheshouted，“Youhavenotpaidmeforyourmeal！”“ButIorderednothingfromyou！”hesaid.“Everyonecanseethatyou__3__（enjoy）thesmellofmyfriedfishwithyourrice，”arguedthewoman.“Ifyouhadn'tsmeltthefish，yourmealwouldnothavebeenso__4__（please）！”Soonacrowdgathered.__5__theysupportedthetraveller，theyalsoagreedthatthewindwasblowingfromtheshoptotheplace__6__hehadeaten，carryingthesmellofthefriedfishtohim.Atlast，thewomantookhimtoajudgeandafter__7__（tell）thejudgethestory，sheinsistedthat__8__themanhadenjoyedherfishsmell，heshouldpay25cents.Afterhearingtheevidence，thejudgeaskedthemantodrop__9__25centcoinontheground.“Hereisyourpayment，thesoundof25cents__10__thesmellofthefriedfish.”-19-\n三、创新题（一）（2012·广东六校高三第二次联考试题）BEIJING—WorldrenownedOxfordandCambridgehavecometoChina__1__（attract）toprankpostgraduatestudentsincooperationwiththeChinaScholarshipCouncil.Oxfordmadeitsfirst__2__（appear）attheChinaScholarshipCouncil'sannualInternationalGraduateScholarshipFair，__3__openedonSaturdayinBeijing.TheschoolwantstoencourageexcellentChinesestudentstoconsider__4__Oxfordcanofferfor__5__academicandprofessionalcareers.“Thestudentscamewellpreparedwithspecificquestionsandwereseriousaboutthechance，”saidSherwood，directorofgraduateadmissionsandfundingatOxford，whowillmake__6__twostopsforthefairinWuhanandShanghai.TheUniversityofCambridge__7__（attend）thefairsinceitsfirstsessionin2009，andstressesthatitwouldcontinuetoinvesttotrainstudentstobeproblemsolvers.__8__CambridgeandOxfordpresentatthefairincompetitionfor__9__bestandbrightest，OsterfieldandSherwoodagreethatthetwouniversitiesusuallyhavemoreinterestincooperation__10__competition，exceptintheirtraditionalannualboatrace.（二）（2012·广东广州三模）ItwasSundaymorninginlateOctober，aboutfourmonthsafterTessDurbeyfield'sarrivalatthevillage.Someweeks__1__（pass）sincethenightcarriageridewithd'Urbervilleintheforest.Tesswascarryingaheavybasketfilledwithclothes.Occasionallyshestopped__2__（rest）bysomegateorpost；andthen，wentsteadilyonagain.Shefollowedthesameroadon__3__d'UrbervillehaddrivensowildlythatnightinJune.Whenshereachedthetopshegazed__4__thefamiliargreenworldbeyond.Itwasalwaysbeautifulfromhere；itwas__5__（terrible）beautifultoTesstoday，for，__6__hereyeslastfelluponit，shehadlearntthatineventhemostbeautifulsurroundingstheremaybedanger.Herviewoflifehadbeentotallychangedforherbythelesson.Shehadslippedawayfromd'Urberville'sfarm__7__allthepeoplewereinbed，thoughhergoingwouldnotbepreventednow.Tesshadthought，“Ishan'tcomeback，”andwassureofher__8__（decide）.Nowshedidnotlookback，__9__slowlywalkedalongthenarrowlane.__10__wasstillearlyandtherewasnotasinglepersoninsight.（三）StephenHawking，whoisthemostfamousphysicist，wasborninBritainonJanuary8th,1942.Asachild，hewasenthusiasticabout__1__（design）complicatedtoysbut__2__（fortune），inhistwenties，hesuffered__3__adiseasethatwasimpossibletobecured，__4__wasagreatchallengeforhim.However，notonlywashepositiveaboutthemisfortunes__5__eventuallyhedefeatedalltheobstaclesbutalsohewas__6__（absorb）inhisresearchintheuniverse.In1988，hisbestsellerABriefHistoryofTimewaspublished，__7__whichheputforwardtheidea__8__timeitselfhasabeginning，andthatitwillhave__9__end.Inconclusion，hehasmadeoutstanding__10__（contribute）tothefieldsofcosmologyandquantumgravity.（四）ImetmystepmomforthefirsttimewhenImovedtoAmerica.ThatnightbeforeIwenttobedshecametomyroom，__1__wasthefirstroomIhadeverhadformyown.Shetoldmeshewasgladtohavemeandthatshe__2__（take）goodcareofme.BecauseIwasnevershownaffection__3__achild，Ididnotknowhowto-19-\nreact，soIjuststaredather.Tothisday，Ihaveahardtime__4__（let）othersbeaffectionatetowardsme.Sheaskedmeforahug，butIdidnotknowwhat__5__word“hug”meant.So，Ijustlookedather__6__aquestioningexpressiononmyface.Butshedidn'tgiveup.Shecalledmyfatherintotheroomandaskedhimtoexplaintomewhatshemeant.WhenhedidIlookedatmynewstepmomandwondered__7__shewantedtohugme.Shethentoldmeitwasbecauseshelovedmeandyouhugpeoplewhenyoulove__8__.SosheopenedherarmswideandtimidlyIopened__9__andwehugged.ThatwasmyveryfirsthugandIwaselevenyearsoldatthattime.I'mtwentythreeyearsoldnow，and__10__（thank），Ihavereceivedmanyhugssincethen.-19-\n参考答案专题二　语法填空命题调研·明晰考向真题试做1．wearing　此处为现在分词作伴随状语，主语he与wear之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词形式表伴随。2．hadbought　此处为虚拟语气。表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句用过去完成时。3．pleased　根据句意表示玛丽感到高兴，因为还有其他空座，那个男孩儿却被安排在她旁边。4．the　序数词前要用定冠词the，inthelastrow表示“最后一排”。5．If　因为hethought...与hewaswrong是两个句子，且两者之间没有关联词，必定是填关联词；根据两句之间的逻辑关系，应填表示条件的连词if（如果，要是）。句意：如果他认为自己坐在最后就不会引起注意，那他就错了。6．harder　alittle修饰比较级，故此处要用harder。7．which　此处为非限制性定语从句，且从句中缺少主语，故用which。8．for　句意：这个新来的男孩儿看了老师几秒钟……。一段时间前用介词for。9．what　此处为宾语从句，且从句中缺少do的宾语，故用what引导。10．them　此处指代文章开头提到的sunglasses，故用them。创新模拟·预测演练一、基础题（一）1．it　根据语境可知，此处应用代词it指代前面提到的“...livingoverseasinaplacewherepeoplespeakadifferentlanguage...”。2．relatively　根据语境可知，形容词simple前面应用副词修饰，relatively意为“相对地”，符合语境。3．where　tellsb．sth．为固定结构，即tell后面接双宾语，“________youaregoing”是一个宾语从句，且从句中缺少地点状语，故用连接副词where引导。4．loss　ataloss为固定短语，意为“困惑不解，不知所措”，符合语境。故填loss。5．but　根据语境可知，前后半句之间为转折关系，所以应用表示转折关系的连词but。句意：有时候你很确定别人是理解你的，但却假装认为他们并不理解你。6．considerable　句意：有时候他们又需要很努力地与你交流沟通。根据语境可知，此处应填形容词considerable修饰名词effort，considerable意为“相当大的，费劲的”，符合语境。7．the　根据语境可知，此处是指“要适应当地的食物”。特指当地的食物，应用定冠词the。8．when/if　根据语境可知，后半句为前半句的条件，可以用连词when，意为“当……时”；也可以用连词if引导，意为“如果”。9．from　bedifferentfrom为固定搭配，意为“与……不同”，符合语境。10．held　句意：你会发现，你曾经珍惜并坚守的生命价值观也许在你新的待人之道里变得不那么重要了。根据语境可知，此处所填词应与前面的cherished并列，作定语修饰名词values，所以应用动词的过去分词held。（二）1．gathered　此处应填谓语，由并列连词and后谓语所用时态可知应使用过去式，且为主动语态。2．mine　此处表示“我的心”，与前文yourheart构成对比。3．pieces　由前文的pieces可知这里指的是其他的部分，应使用复数。4．missing　missing为形容词，意为“丢失的”，与were构成系表结构。5．but　“你的心看起来很完美，但我永远都不会跟你交换”，两句为转折关系。6．whom　此处引导定语从句，并在从句中作to的宾语。7．the　love后面有修饰成分“weshared”，因此用定冠词the修饰。-19-\n8．to　考查短语return...to...，因此填to。9．reminding　所给动词在句中只能充当非谓语，且与thesegouges是主动关系，因此填reminding。10．what　引导宾语从句。（三）1．with/to　考查短语comparedwith/to，意为“与……相比较”。2．contentedly　此处填副词，修饰动词hold。3．other　由句意可知表示“还有其他的障碍”，因此填other。4．reaching　介词from后面的动词应使用动名词形式。5．or　表示两个并列的范围，or意为“或者”。6．as　短语regard...as...表示“认为……是……”。7．arequestioned　所给动词在句中作谓语，再考虑时态和语态，且后面的by也提示此处用被动语态。8．If　由语境和语意可知，“如果你是一个女性……”。9．It　指代前文的careercounseling，因此用代词it。10．where　引导定语从句，先行词为society，故填where。（四）1．her　联系上下文，指的是PatriciaPania的生活，由“mother”可知应使用her。2．distracted　由后文的by可知应使用被动语态，由句子结构可知所给词只能用作非谓语，所以应填distracted。3．courageously　由前面的reluctantly可知此空也应填一个副词。4．for　fightfor...意为“为……而斗争”。5．while　由语境可知此空表示“当开车的时候，司机不应该使用手机”。while表示“当……时候”，其后常用进行时态。6．transformation　冠词a后面要接一个名词，因此填名词transformation。7．shaking　stopdoingsth．意为“停止做……”。8．a　由句意“她停止颤抖，并以一种有力的声音说话”，可知此处填a。9．what　what引导宾语从句，且在从句中作know的宾语。10．as　as表示“作为……”。（五）1．when　引导时间状语从句，表示“当她同时遛六只狗的时候……”。2．The　考查冠词。修饰graduate，由25yearoldveterinary可知使用定冠词the。3．busiest　考查最高级。前面the也提示了此处应使用最高级。4．or　并列连词or连接“familyreunions”和“gotraveling”。5．Compared　comparedwith“与……相比较”，主语I是被比较的对象。6．tosqueeze　不定式todo表目的。7．myself　短语enjoyoneself意为“玩得开心”。8．because　连接前后两个句子，且这两个句子之间为因果关系。9．all　allthedogs'names指的是“所有狗的名字”。10．isreferring　所给动词在句中充当谓语，再考虑时态和语态，可知此处用现在进行时。（六）1．the　考查冠词。前文已提到过birds，应使用定冠词the。2．to　考查固定搭配。thekeyto...意为“……的钥匙”。3．Unfortunately　放在句首一般填副词，再结合语境可知填“不幸的是”。4．it　由后文的dark可知，此处指的是“天已经黑了”，代词it指代时间。5．or　either...or...意为“或者……或者……”。6．what　引导宾语从句，且在从句中作say的宾语。7．when　引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”。8．up　climbup表示“爬上去”。9．wasshining　所给动词充当谓语，结合语境，此句应使用一般过去进行时态。-19-\n10．Feeling　考查非谓语动词。feeling...表示伴随，作状语。（七）1．though/although　此句与后面的主句构成让步状语关系。2．and　连接两个句子，构成并列关系。3．improving　短语bevitalto中的to为介词，后面接v．ing。4．latest　此处句意为“这一结论包含在最近的报告里”，因此用最高级表示。5．to　短语contributeto...意为“促成了……”。6．isspent/willbespent　此空缺少谓语，联系语境可知可使用一般现在时或将来时态的被动语态。7．which　which引导非限制性定语从句。8．employment　此处表示“就业机会”，因此用名词形式。9．their　考查代词，指代前面的women。10．whether　与后文的ornot搭配，表示“是否”。（八）1．It　考查代词。it指代上文提到的内容。2．to　考查固定搭配。giveassistanceto...意为“给……以帮助”。3．wasfounded　此空缺谓语，且表示被动的过去的动作，所以填wasfounded，意为“被建立”。4．deaths　toomany后面要接名词的复数形式，故填deaths。5．earlier　根据语境可知填比较级earlier。6．who　引导非限制性定语从句，先行词thewounded，who在从句中充当主语。7．tohelp　所给词使用非谓语形式，此处作目的状语，填tohelp。8．The　考查冠词。symbol后有of引导的修饰成分，因此填定冠词the。9．of　表示所属关系，填介词of。10．and/so　此空既可填表示因果关系的so，也可填并列连词and。（九）1．latest　前面的the提示了该使用最高级thelatest，表示“最新的”。2．built　修饰名词contraption，且为被动关系，因此用built作后置定语。3．their　表示“孩子们自己的……”，因此填their。4．with　with后接名词修饰oneboy，表示伴随。5．An　考查冠词。此处为第一次提到，且intelligent以元音开头，所以填an。6．nothing　联系后文“Nor...”可知他什么也没带，故填nothing。7．simply　修饰said，用副词形式simply。8．that　考查短语“such...that...”，意为“如此……以至于……”。9．exploded　所给动词在此空充当谓语，且表示过去的动作。10．what　引导宾语从句，且在从句中作pleases的主语。二、能力题（一）1．what　wondering后面是宾语从句，且从句缺少主语，故填what。2．slower　联系下文“为了找出小提琴的声音来自哪里”，当然是要放慢脚步。3．from　考查短语介词。comefrom表示“来自……”。4．about　考查介词搭配。songsabout...指“关于……的歌”。5．watching　所给动词充当非谓语动词，表示伴随，在句中作状语，且主语I与watch是主动关系。6．it　it在这里充当形式主语，指代真正的主语“toperform...”。7．myself　根据语境可知此处是作者告诉自己……。8．that/who/whom　考查从句连接词，先行词为people，因此可填that/who/whom。9．put　此句表示一连串的系列动作walkedover，put和said。10．hopeful　此处为“make＋sb．＋adj/n．”结构。（二）-19-\n1．or　句意：他不是一个流行歌手或是一个政治家。根据语境可知，此处应用连词or，表示“或者”。2．greatly　根据语境可知，奥利弗被食物大大地吸引了。动词attract应用副词修饰，所以此处应填great的副词形式greatly，意为“大大地，非常”。3．his　根据上文的he可知，此处应用代词he的所有格his，表示Oliver's。后半句句意：他从小就在他父亲的餐馆里工作。4．a　根据语境可知，此处泛指一个烹饪天才，所以应用不定冠词a。句意：他不仅在很小的时候就有烹饪天赋……。5．in　根据语境可知，他还对创造新鲜美味的食物有巨大的兴趣。表示在某方面的兴趣应用介词in。6．appears　根据语境可知，此处时态应为一般现在时，又由于主语为第三人称单数Oliver，所以谓语动词应用appears。7．activities　根据上一句可知，奥利弗参加了很多的活动，如做烹饪电视节目、写书、向杂志投稿、为餐具做广告，所以此处应用名词activity的复数形式activities，代指上一句提到的各种活动。8．on　根据语境可知，此处是指“专注于提高食物的品质”。focuson为固定搭配，且符合语境。9．what　介词to后面为宾语从句，且从句缺少宾语，应填连接代词what。10．tasting　空格内只能填非谓语动词，根据语境可知此处为现在分词作伴随状语，填tasting。（三）1．enjoyably　修饰动词run，所以填副词形式enjoyably。2．waslying　that引导定语从句，从句缺少谓语，且此处用过去进行时态。3．easier　考查形容词的比较级，前面有alittle修饰，也提示了答案。4．But　前后两句为转折关系，因此填转折连词but。5．in　考查介词搭配，direction“方向”与介词in搭配。6．where　引导宾语从句，根据语境可知填where。7．So　前后两句为因果关系，故填因果连词so。8．picked　此处作后置定语，修饰名词abasketofstrawberries，因草莓是被采摘的，故填picked。9．his　考查代词，根据上文的“Icameuptohim...”可知报纸的主人是男性，所以填his。10．when/while/as　此空缺一个连接时间状语从句的连词，所以填when/while/as都可以。（四）1．through　表示“通过……的方式”。2．faced　考查短语befacedwith...，意为“面临，面对……”。3．that　此句fear后跟两个从句，第二个从句的引导词that不可省略。4．letting　介词of后接v．ing形式，所以填letting。5．themselves　考查代词。thechildrenthemselves指“孩子们自己”。6．the　考查定冠词。乐器piano的前面填定冠词the。7．away　短语putaway...意为“将……收走”。8．Here　考查herebe结构。句意：这儿有一些好建议给那些父母。9．if/when　此空应填连词，再联系上下文可知if/when都可以。10．but　由前文的nothing可知填but，构成“...nothingbut...”结构。（五）1．wouldbegiven　根据句意“他将会被给予土地和金钱去建一栋房子”，且此空缺少谓语。2．and　表示“而且”，此处缺少连词，所以填and。3．which　引导非限制性定语从句。4．the　第二次提到tradition，用定冠词the修饰。5．Having-19-\ncollected　所给动词充当非谓语动词，表示动作发生在谓语之前，且Marc与collect之间为主动关系，因此填Havingcollected。6．his　开始建造“他”的房子，考查代词his。7．better　考查比较级，由even可知填比较级better。8．at　考查短语atthebeginningof...，意为“在……的开始”。9．death　frozetodeath意为“冻死了”。10．it　考查代词it，指代“Marc'shouse”。（六）1．spent　在此空为非谓语动词，作后置定语，修饰thetime，且构成被动关系，因此填spent。2．the　考查定冠词。用在最高级mosteffective的前面，应填the。3．that/which　此空要填定语从句的引导词，修饰先行词physicalchanges，且在从句中作主语。4．against　与defense构成搭配，意为“防御……”。5．it　考查代词it，指代前文提到过的内容。6．medical　修饰名词studies，应填入形容词medical。7．helps　从句的主语为clearingthe...，此空应该为谓语动词，再考虑时态和语态可知填helps。8．and　由前后两个并列动作reduces与decreases可知填并列连词and。9．worse　由语意可知要填形容词的比较级worse，此处意为“使问题更糟糕”。10．to　考查搭配thefailuretodosth...。（七）1．it　考查it作形式主语，构成句型itis＋adj．＋for＋sb．＋todo...。2．However　前后两句为转折关系，且此空后有逗号，填However。3．called　作非谓语动词，并与主语构成动宾关系，填called。4．popularity　此处缺少宾语，因此填名词形式popularity，作gain的宾语。5．privately　修饰谓语动词hasowed，填副词形式privately。6．havebeenbuilt　此空缺少谓语，结合时间状语inrecentyears，应使用完成时态，表被动，故填havebeenbuilt。7．where　引导定语从句，修饰先行词place，where在从句中作地点状语。8．with　“与……一起玩耍”为playwith...。9．which　which引导非限制性定语从句。10．less　由后面的than可知应填比较级less。（八）1．boiled　作定语，修饰rice。2．it/them　考查代词。指代friedfish，可用单数或复数代词。3．enjoyed　enjoy在that引导的从句中充当谓语，此句是过去的动作，所以填enjoyed。4．pleasant/pleasing　此空填修饰物的形容词，在句中作表语。5．Though/Although　引导让步状语从句。6．where　引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词place。7．telling　after后跟动名词形式。8．since/as/because　此空可填多种因果连词，表示前后两句是因果关系。9．a　此处应填冠词，修饰coin，故填a。10．for　考查搭配thepaymentforsth．。三、创新题（一）1．toattract　句中已有谓语，因此attract充当非谓语，此处表目的，因此填toattract。2．appearance　由its可知此处填的应是名词，appear的名词形式是appearance。3．which　引导非限制性定语从句。4．what　作consider的宾语，且在宾语从句中作宾语，所以填what。5．their　考查代词，their所指对象为前文的excellentChinesestudents。-19-\n6．another　根据语意“另外的两次停留”，可知填another。7．hasattended　所给动词在此空充当谓语，考虑时间状语为since＋一段时间，应使用完成时态。8．With　在此处作伴随状语。9．the　最高级best前由定冠词the修饰。10．than　考查比较级more...than...结构。（二）1．hadpassed　时间状语为since＋过去的时间，因此此句为过去完成时态。2．torest　stoptodosth．表示“停下来去做……”。3．which　考查介词＋which的用法，此处相当于连接副词where。4．over/at/to（wards）　考查介词搭配，gaze可与over/at/to（wards）搭配。5．terribly　修饰形容词beautiful，应使用副词形式terribly。6．since　根据语意及主句使用了完成时态可知填since。7．when/while　此处需填引导时间状语从句的连词，所以when/while均可。8．decision　前面有her修饰，应将decide改成名词形式decision。9．but/and　此空既可填表示前后两句为转折关系的连词but，也可填表“然后”的连词and。10．It　在这里表示时间。（三）1．designing　beenthusiasticabout（doing）sth．为固定短语，意为“做某事有热情”。2．unfortunately　前面使用了表示转折关系的并列连词but，又由后文描述的情况可知这里应用unfortunately“不幸的是”。3．from　sufferfrom为固定短语，意为“（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受折磨”。4．which　引导非限制性定语从句，代替前面的内容。5．and　句意：然而，他不仅对他的不幸很乐观，最终他战胜了所有的障碍。上下文为承接关系，所以用and。6．absorbed　beabsorbedin为固定短语，意为“专心于，全神贯注于”。7．in　inwhich引导定语从句相当于inthebook。8．that　引导同位语从句，用来说明idea的具体内容。9．an　和abeginning对应，这里用anend，意为“结束”。10．contributions　根据句子结构可知，这里应该填名词，并且要用复数形式。makeoutstandingcontributionsto“为……作出杰出的贡献”。（四）1．which　分析句子成分可知，此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为myroom，且从句中缺少主语，所以应用关系代词which引导。2．wouldtake　根据上下文语境可知，此处为过去时，而takegoodcareofme这个动作是从过去的某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态，所以应该用过去将来时。故填wouldtake。3．as　根据语境可知，作为一个孩子，从来没有人向“我”表达过爱意。as在此处为介词，意为“作为，以……的身份”，符合语境。故填as。4．letting　根据上下文语境可知，此处应用现在分词作伴随状语。故填letting。句意：到这一天为止，我都很难让其他人亲切地对待我。5．the　句意：她请求我给她一个拥抱，但我不知道“拥抱”这个单词是什么意思。根据语境可知，此处特指“拥抱”这个单词，所以应用定冠词the。6．with　根据语境可知，“我”带着疑问的表情看着她。表示“带着……，伴随着……”时，应用介词with。7．why　句意：当父亲解释后，我看着我的继母，想知道她为什么要拥抱我。wondered后为宾语从句，从句缺原因状语，填why。8．them　根据语境可知前文的people为复数含义，填代词them代指people。9．mine　考查代词，mine指代myarms。-19-\n10．thankfully　副词thankfully意为“感谢地，感激地”-19-