广东省高考英语二轮复习 题型技法指导专题六 读写任务

2013年高考第二轮复习英语广东版题型技法指导专题六　读写任务真题试做（2012·广东高考）阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。Myhusbandreceivedaletteramonthagofromayoungwomanwhohadbeenhisstudentwhenshewasinmiddleschool.Shewaswritingbecauseshewantedtothankhimforhavingagreatinfluenceonherlife.Inthelettershewrote，“Youweretheteacherwhohelpedmediscovermytalentformath.Beforeyoucametoteachus，Ihadbeenterriblypooratmath，andhadneverthoughtthatIwouldbeinterestedinit.Tomysurprise，youmagicallyshowedmethebeautyofmath.Iguessthatwastheturningpointofmyattitudetowardsit.Graduallymyinterestinitbegantogrow.Thankstoyourencouragement，Imadecontinuousprogressinmath，andfinallymadeupmymindtostudyitintheuniversity.TodayIamworkingasanaccountantatValleyMedicalCenterinCalifornia.Youplayedanimportantpart.Thankyou！”Whatawonderfulgifttoaretiredteacher！Myhusbandhasreceivedmanylettersfromstudentsovertheyears.Thisonewasspecial，foritarrivedatthistimeinhislifewhenheisinverypoorhealth.【写作内容】1．以约30个词概括上文的主要内容。2．以约120个词就老师影响学生的话题谈谈你的想法，内容包括：（1）上文使你想起哪位对你帮助最大的老师；（2）举例说明该老师对你学习或成长的影响；（3）你怎样看待老师对学生的影响。【写作要求】1．作文中可以使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。【评分标准】概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。考向分析近三年高考读写任务的总体情况如下表所示：年份话题主题阅读文体裁内容要点2012社会热点老师影响学生记叙文32011情感讲述一次想家的经历记叙文32010社会热点用金钱鼓励孩子学习夹叙夹议3由上表我们得出读写任务主要有以下特点：1．阅读文体裁多样；易于阅读理解；长度约为200个词。2．话题真实，语境生活化，贴近学生的学习和生活。3．概括词数约为30个，但发表观点部分一般120个词左右，因此写作时以表达思想内容为主，不必太受词数限制。4．写作内容中要求考生发表观点的内容要点明确，近3年均为3条具体的内容，一般来说考生都有话可写。-28-\n5．得分情况：本题满分25分，而近几年的得分率均在40%左右，即10分左右，因此考生还有很大的上升空间。答题步骤1．审题，明确题目要求通过审题明确文章主题、写作内容、主要时态和主体人称等问题，其中主体人称就是要确定以第几人称进行写作，以往年高考中曾有相当数量的考生在这方面出错，同学们需特别注意。2．阅读短文，找出文章的内容要点议论文的内容要点：论点、论据和结论。记叙文五要素：when，what，who，where，how。3．概括、转述作者观点议论文——用自己的话表达论点、论据和结论。记叙文——用自己的话将记叙文的五要素串联起来。但有时也不一定面面俱到，只需回答下列问题即可：谁做了什么事（whodidwhat），结果怎样（whatwastheresult）等。摘要的开头语（1）Accordingtothepassage，weknow...（2）Thewriterstatesthat...（3）Theauthorthinks/argues...（4）Thestory/passageisabout...（5）Thewriter/authortellsusabout...（6）Thestorymainlytellsusthat...4．过渡，引出自己的观点写了摘要后，用一句过渡的话，再引出自己的观点（赞成或反对）或引出类似的故事。议论文的过渡语●表示赞同（1）Iagreewiththestatementthat...（2）Idoagreewiththeauthor...（3）I'mforthewriter'sideathat...（4）Iquiteagreewiththewriter'sidea.（5）IfullysupportthestatementabovebecauseIamverysure...（6）Ican'tagreemorewithwhatthewritersaid/says.（我完全同意作者的观点）●表示不赞同（1）Ipartlyagreewithwhatthewritersaid.（2）Idon'tagreewiththewriter'sview.（3）I'mstronglyagainstthewriter'sidea.（4）Insomeway，Iagreewith...but...（5）Thisopinionsoundsrightbutishardlypractical.（6）Whatthewritersaidsoundsreasonable.But...（7）Itisdefinitelynotlikethat.Asamatteroffact...（8）Somepeopleargueasifitisageneraltruththat...Buttobefrank，Icannotagreewiththem.●表达自己的观点（1）Asforme...（2）Inmyopinion...（3）AsfarasIamconcerned...（4）Frommypointofview...（5）Iholdtheview/beliefthat...（6）Personally，Ibelievethat...（7）Accordingtomyexperience，Ithinkthat...-28-\n（8）I'mconvincedthat...（9）Tobehonest...●引出话题（1）Thereisnodoubtthat...毫无疑问……（2）Itcannotbedeniedthat...不可否认……（3）Noonecanignorethefactthat...谁也不可忽视……（4）Fromwhatismentionedabove，weknow...依上所述，我们知道……（5）Itgoeswithoutsayingthat...记叙文的过渡语（1）Ihaveasimilarexperience.（2）Ialsowentthroughsuchanexperience.（3）Thisstoryremindsmeofanotherstorythathappenedto...（4）Thisstoryremindsmeofasimilarexperienceof...（5）例证、论证自己的观点议论文——在提出自己的观点后，就用具体的事例来论证自己的观点。结论，注意前后呼应。记叙文——编写与阅读文章主题相同但情节不同的故事（亲身经历或虚构）。●提供论据或原因分析的套语总述原因（1）Thereareseveralreasonsthatcontributeto...（2）Myviewsarebasedonthefollowingreasons.分层论述（1）Ontheonehand...Ontheotherhand...一方面……（然而）另一方面……（2）Foronething...Foranother...一则……再则……（3）Tobeginwith/Firstofall/First（ly）...Second（ly）...Besides/Furthermore/What'smore...Finally/Lastbutnotleast...首先……其次……此外/而且……最后……列举例子（1）Take...forexample.以……为例吧/就拿……来说吧。（2）Forexample/instance...例如……（3）suchas比如说；诸如……之类的引出经历Whatimpressesmemostisthat...我印象最深的是……分析因果Thanksto/Owingto/Becauseof...由于/因为……Consequently/Therefore/Thus/Asaresult...因此/结果……●总结句开头语（1）Tosumup/Inshort/Inconclusion/Inaword/Allinall...总之……（2）Takingallthefactorsintoaccount，wecandrawaconclusionthat...考虑到以上因素，我们可以得出这样的结论……（3）Fromthediscussionabove，itcanbesafelyconcludedthat...根据以上讨论，可以得出如下结论……（4）Tobebrief，weshouldbeawareoftheimportanceof...总之，我们应当明白……的重要性。（5）Therefore，itisnecessaryforusto...因此，我们有必要……（6）Onlyinthisway/when...canwe...只有用这种方法/当……时，我们才能……5．查缺补漏，加工润色复查行文中的要点，检查单词拼写、语法、时态、人称等是否正确一致。同时，要对文章加工润色，看看使用的词汇是否地道，使用的语言是否高级；上下文是否连贯，连接词是否得当；句式是否多样，是否使用了非谓语动词，特殊句式等灵活的表达形式。如有偏差，及时做出修改或调整。-28-\n规律方法一、篇章结构读写任务的篇章结构可大致描述为：（1）标题。（有时不一定要求拟标题）（2）第1段：用一两句话概括所给短文内容要点，约30词。建议控制在25～35词之间。（3）第2～4段：发表看法或议论时，依照试题所给内容要点（三年高考均为3个要点）本身的顺序，原则上每个要点单独写一个自然段，这不但保证写作内容覆盖所有写作要点，而且层次清晰，让阅卷老师一目了然。若其中两条逻辑关系特别紧密，也可用一个自然段来表达。（4）最后根据需要，可以加一句总结性的话。二、如何概括在找出文章的内容要点后，就要用自己的话转述原文内容要点。（一）概括有以下三条原则1．精：用精炼的语言概括出文章的大意。可先画出短文中的重要句子，例如：文中的主题句、论点、论据和结论等。2．准：要注意文章的内涵和外延，把作者的观点用自己的语言，简洁、明了、连贯、有条理地准确表述出来（注意：一般多用第三人称）。3．全：要省去详细的例子、细节词语，选取包含文章的主要内容及作者观点的词语，范围不宜过大或过小。（二）概括的基本步骤1．浏览短文内容，准确理解全文大意。首先可巧妙利用opinion，预测材料内容。读写任务先读后写。那么“读”的材料肯定是要与“写”的材料话题相同的，至少是相关的。因此，我们可以利用这一关系来进行有效的预测。2．画出短文中的重要句子，例如短文中的主题句、论点、重要的论据和结论等，忽略短文中的例子及不重要的论据和细节。3．经过自己理解之后，转化成自己的话，运用简洁明了的语言尽可能客观地转述短文内容。理清要点之间的逻辑关系之后，不能简单地照搬原句，还必须进行适度地改述，即用自己的话进行改写，才符合“不要抄袭阅读材料中的句子”的要求。那么，如何才能达到这样的要求呢？（1）同义替换。即用同义或近义的词语或句型改写。如：“intellectualability”和“academicability”就可以用grades（成绩）来替换。（2）语态互换。即主动语态与被动语态的转换。如“Helateragreestotakethesuggestionto...”就可以用它的被动语态来表示：“Hewaslaterpersuadedto...”。（3）非谓语动词短语与从句的互换。如“Therewasakingwhoruledarichcountry.”可以用“Therewasakingrulingarichcountry.”来表达。（4）合并句子。就是将几个意义联系紧密的句子合并为一句话。如以下两个句子①Wefeelthattherearemanydisadvantagesinstreamingpupils.Itdoesnottakeintoaccountthefactthatchildrendevelopatdifferentrates.②Besides，itisratherunrealtogradestudentsjustaccordingtotheirintellectualability.就可合并为Streamingpupilsnotonlyneglectsthedifferentratesofstudents'development，butalsoisunfairforthemjudgingonlybytheirgrades.4．削“枝”去“叶”，实行精“兵”裁“员”。由于词数有限制，所以在写summary时还应采取一些必要的手段来进行精“兵”裁“员”，减少字数。惯常采用的方法有：（1）主谓缩写。如：theywill→they'll；weare→we're；shouldnot→shouldn't；cannot→can't等。（2）句式省略。如：Whenhecrossedtheroad...＝Whencrossingtheroad...。（3）使用代词或含有替代含义的词，如so，thesame...，instead等。-28-\n5．故事类文章可按“起因、经过、结果”的思路进行概括，若故事还有启示，可用一句简短的话进行概括；对于议论和说明类的文章，要分析文章结构，提炼每段中心意思，整合相同的论点，进行概括。（三）概括的开头语1．Accordingtothepassage，weknow...2．Thewriterstatesthat...3．Theauthorthinks/argues...4．Thestory/passageisabout...5．Thewriter/authortellsusabout...6．Thestorymainlytellsusthat...【例1】Onemorning，afriendofminesetthebreakfasttablebesideahugewindow，whichoverlookedtheTredAvonRiver.Suddenlysheleanedforwardandcriedout，“Thereisagooseoutthere！”WesawthefigureofalargeCanadagoose，verystill，itswingsfoldedtighttoitssidesanditsfeetfrozentotheice.Theninthesky，shesawalineofswans.Theyflewfromthetopoftheskydownwardandatlastlandedontheice.Myfriendwasonherfeet，withoneunbelievinghandagainsthermouth.Astheswanssurroundedthefrozengoose，shefearedthatthepoorgoosemightbepeckedoutbythosegreatswanbills.Unexpectedly，thosebillsbegantoworkontheice.Thelongneckswereliftedandcurveddown（弯下），againandagain.Theywentonforalongtime.Atlast，thegoosewasfreeandstandingontheice.Andtheswansstoodnearbywatching.Then，asifthegoosewascrying，“Icannotfly”，fouroftheswanscamedownaroundit.Theirpowerfulbillschippedofftheicestuckinitsfeathers.Slowly，thegoosespreaditswingsasfarastheywouldgo.Seeingthegoosecouldfreelymoveitswings，theswansflewslowlyintothesky.Thisisatruestory.EverytimeIthinkofit，Ican'thelpasking，“Ifsoforbirds，whynotforman？”[写作内容]以约30词概括短文的含义。答案：Thepassageremindsustohelpthosewhoareintroubleandshowsushelpingothersisagoodvirtue，whichoneshouldtreasure.【例2】Gettingupearlyhasbeenregardedasagoodhabitsinceancienttimes.Manyyearsago，peoplethoughtthatifwewenttobedearlyandgotupearly，wewouldbeenergeticthewholeday.So，gettingupearlyisofgreatimportancetousall.Infact，morningisthebesttimeofaday.Inthemorning，theairisthefreshestandpeopleareusuallyinthebestconditions.Manyofusmayhavetheexperiencesthatwememorizesomethingsmorequicklyandaccuratelyinthemorningthanatanyothertimeoftheday.Ifwedosomemorningexercisesoronlytakeashortwalkinthemorning，wecanbuildourbodiesandbecomemuchhealthier.Alsowewillhaveenoughtimetomakeaplanandgetreadyforourworkorstudyofthedayifwegetupearly.However，ifwegetuplate，we'llprobablyhavetodoeverythinginagreathurry.Letusremembergettingupearlyisagoodhabitandtryourbesttokeepit.Ifwesticktogettingupearlyeveryday，wewillcertainlybenefitalotfromit.[写作内容]以约30词概括短文的要点。答案：BetterLatethanEarlyThepassagetriestotellusthatgettingupearlyinthemorningisagoodhabit-28-\nthatwillbenefitusalot，includingabettermemory，healthierbodyandbetterpreparationfortheday.三、如何提出自己的观点并加以论证（一）思路如下：1．要紧紧围绕所给主题。2．明确任务，千万不要漏掉任何一个要点。至少包括：（1）现状及原因；（2）谈谈人们对……的不同看法；（3）你的态度。3．可以使用实例或其他论述方法支持你的观点，也可参照阅读材料中的内容。4．注意连接词的恰当运用。（二）表明观点要求考生写好“三句”一是主题句。主题句即论述的主题，句中必须包含可扩展主题的词、词组或从句。二是扩展句。扩展句要利用必要的细节对主题加以论证说明，是段落的主体部分。它的表达形式是多种多样的，可以按时间和空间顺序、从整体到局部或从局部到整体的方法来叙述、描写、说明或议论。三是结论句。它主要是总结要点，与主题句相呼应、使读者对主题有深刻的印象或思考。1．如何写好主题句学会写主题句是谋篇的第一步。近三年来，高考的读写任务都是三个要点，建议将三个要点依次设为三段，每段写一个主题句，放在段首，然后再围绕主题句适当展开。这样可使写作内容一目了然，既可避免写作时出现走题或偏题，又方便改卷老师落实要点是否齐全。写主题句的方法有：（1）直接回答。如，你认为好老师应该具有什么样的好品质。Inmyeyes，agoodteachershouldtreathisstudentsfairlyaswellasmaketheclasslivelyandinteresting.（2）复述内容。如，中学生活和大学生活的差别。Frommypointofview，collegelifewillbedifferentfromthelifeinhighschool.（3）明示观点。如，你对学校拆掉图书馆的看法。Personally，Istronglybelieveweshouldpreservethisoldschoollibrary.（4）引出经历。如，根据你的个人学习经历简述你独自学习或与他人合作学习的理由。Actually，myexperiencetellsmethatcooperativelearningismorebeneficialtome.2．如何写好结论句（1）重申观点或概括内容用简洁的语言概括各项写作内容，重申观点，起画龙点睛的作用。如：Allinall，itistheloveandeducationfromschoolratherthansuspensionsthatimprovestudents'behavior.总而言之，改善学生行为的是爱与教育而不是停课。常用句型：①Tosumup/Inshort/Inconclusion/Inaword/Allinall...总之……②Takingallthefactorsintoaccount，wecandrawaconclusionthat...考虑到以上因素，我们可以得出这样的结论……③Fromthediscussionabove，itcanbesafelyconcludedthat...根据以上讨论，可以得出如下结论……（2）提出建议或进行呼吁若是反映社会现象或某种行为的文章，考生可对此提出积极的呼吁，或提出建议或解决办法等。如：Therefore，itissuggestedthatyoushouldmakefriendswithpeoplehavingdifferentgenders，characteristicsorbackgrounds.因此，建议你应当与不同性别、性格以及背景的人结交朋友。-28-\n常用句型：①Inconclusion，it'shightimethat...总之，是……的时候了。②Toconclude，itmakessense...to...结论是，……才是明智的。③Tosummarize，emphasisshouldbeplacedon...总之，应当重视……（3）强调重要性有些观点提出后需要进一步强化以此加强论证观点。如：Tosumup，environmentalprotectionisofgreatimportance，whichcanmakeuslivemorecomfortablyandmorehealthily.总之，环境保护非常重要，这会使我们生活得更舒适、更健康。常用句型①Tobebrief，weshouldbeawareoftheimportanceof...总之，我们应当明白……的重要性。②Therefore，itisnecessaryforusto...因此，我们有必要……③Onlyinthisway...，canwe...只有用这种方法，我们才能……四、提升策略（一）正确拼写单词学生在写作中最容易犯的词句错误就是单词拼写错误。学生可以在平时的训练中采取以下几种方法：1．大量积累同义词汇、反义词汇及固定搭配同义词汇和反义词汇的积累可以增加写作中词汇的选择范围，少用或不用无把握词汇，降低出错几率。例如：积累表达“选手，参加者”的词汇：player，athlete，participant，competitor等，当对athlete的拼写没有把握时就可以从其他三个词中选用任意一个来取代。2．逐词逐句检查短文完成后要进行必要的检查。写完全文后认真检查会使你发现一些非知识性错误，从而避免“冤枉”失分。（二）熟练掌握时态和语态动词的时态和语态是学生出问题最多的地方之一，当然也一直是老师在阅卷过程中重点关注的方面。我们应该从如下方面训练：1．掌握时态和语态的基本结构要想熟练掌握课标要求的10种时态和它们的被动语态，必须掌握它们的基本结构，并进行大量实战训练。2．根据书面表达类型确定所用时态在写作时我们可以按照书面表达的类型来决定使用何种时态。议论文通常使用一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成进行时进行评价或阐述，用将来时进行展望和总结；说明文以一般现在时为主，而记叙文的时态运用最为复杂，建议首先理清所叙述事情的前因后果和相互联系，再运用所掌握的时态、语态结构进行句型搭建。3．耐心检查养成写后检查的习惯对于提高时态、语态的正确率很有帮助。（三）熟记一些常用句型1．议论文过渡句型●表示赞同（1）Iagreewiththestatementthat...（2）Idoagreewiththeauthor...（3）I'mforthewriter'sideathat...（4）Iquiteagreewiththewriter'sidea.（5）IfullysupportthestatementabovebecauseIamverysure...（6）Ican'tagreemorewithwhatthewritersaid/says.（我完全同意作者的观点）●表示不赞同（1）Ipartlyagreewithwhatthewritersaid.（2）Idon'tagreewiththewriter'sview.（3）I'mstronglyagainstthewriter'sidea.-28-\n（4）Insomeway，Iagreewith...but...（5）Thisopinionsoundsrightbutishardlypractical.（6）Whatthewritersaidsoundsreasonable.But...（7）Itisdefinitelynotlikethat.Asamatteroffact...（8）Somepeopleargueasifitisageneraltruththat...Buttobefrank，Icannotagreewiththem.●表达自己观点（1）Asforme...（2）Inmyopinion...（3）AsfarasIamconcerned...（4）Frommypointofview...（5）Iholdtheview/beliefthat...（6）Personally，Ibelievethat...（7）Accordingtomyexperience，Ithinkthat...●引出话题（1）Thereisnodoubtthat...毫无疑问……（2）Itcannotbedeniedthat...不可否认……（3）Noonecanignorethefactthat...谁也不可忽视……（4）Fromwhatismentionedabove，weknow...依上所述，我们知道……2．记叙文过渡句型（1）Ihaveasimilarexperience.（2）Ialsowentthroughsuchanexperience.（3）Thisstoryremindsmeofanotherstorythathappenedto...（4）Thisstoryremindsmeofasimilarexperienceof...3．提供论据或原因分析的套语总述原因（1）Thereareseveralreasonsthatcontributeto...（2）Myviewsarebasedonthefollowingreasons.分层论述（1）Ontheonehand...Ontheotherhand...一方面……另一方面……（2）Foronething...Foranother...一则……再则……（3）Tobeginwith/Firstofall/First（ly）...Second（ly）...Besides/Furthermore/What'smore...Finally/Lastbutnotleast...首先……其次……此外/而且……最后……列举例子（1）Take...forexample.以……为例/就拿……来说。（2）Forexample/instance...例如……（3）suchas比如说，诸如……之类的引出经历Whatimpressesmemostisthat...我印象最深的是……分析因果Thanksto/Owingto/Becauseof...由于/因为……Consequently/Therefore/Thus/Asaresult...因此/结果……（四）恰当地使用英语谚语好文章离不开好句子。谚语浓缩着人类思想的精华，言简意赅，朗朗上口。一篇书面表达中若能恰到好处地使用一到两句谚语，无疑能够起到画龙点睛的作用，大大提升得分档次。1．惜时类（1）Timeismoney.时间就是金钱。（2）Timeandtidewaitfornoman.时不我待。（3）Timelostcannotberecalled.光阴一去不复返。（4）Neverputofftilltomorrow.今日事，今日毕。-28-\n（5）Anhourinthemorningisworthtwointheevening.一日之计在于晨。（6）Itistheearlybirdthatcatchestheworm.早起的鸟儿有虫吃。（捷足先登）（7）Taketimewhiletimeis，fortimewillbeaway.机不可失，时不再来。2．励志类（1）Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.有志者，事竟成。（2）Hopeforthebestandpreparefortheworst.抱最好的希望，做最坏的准备。（3）Donothingbyhalves.凡事不可半途而废。（4）Tostandstillistomoveback.逆水行舟，不进则退。（5）Ifatfirstyoudon'tsucceed，try，try，andtryagain.再接再厉，终会成功。（6）Helaughsbestwholaughslast.谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。（7）Wherethereislifethereishope.有生命就有希望。（留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。）3．根据其所含的单词进行分类动物类（1）Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush.一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林。（2）Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.物以类聚，人以群分。（3）Acatmaylookataking.人人平等。（4）Barkingdogsseldombite.吠犬不咬人。（5）Loveme，lovemydog.爱屋及乌。人物类（1）AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.只工作，不玩耍，聪明小孩也变傻。（2）Ayoungidler，anolderbeggar.少小不努力，老大徒伤悲。（3）Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.患难朋友才是真正的朋友。4．根据其句子结构分类押韵类（1）Seeingisbelieving.眼见为实。（2）Wherethereissmoke，thereisfire.事出有因。（3）Betterlatethannever.亡羊补牢，犹未为晚。（4）Nopains，nogains.没有付出，就没有收获。（5）Savingisgetting.节约就是获得。（6）Wastenot，wantnot.不浪费，不愁缺。首尾词相同类（1）Businessisbusiness.公事公办。（2）Boyswillbeboys.孩子总是孩子。（3）DoastheRomansdo.入乡随俗。首词相同类（1）Firstcome，firstserved.先到先招待。（2）Easycome，easygo.来得容易去得快。（3）Likefather，likeson.有其父必有其子。5．其他（1）Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.行动比言语更有说服力。（事实胜于雄辩。）（2）Honestyisthebestpolicy.诚实总是上策。（3）AllroadsleadtoRome.条条大路通罗马。（4）Healthisbetterthanwealth.健康胜于财富。（5）Earlytobedandearlytorisemakesamanhealthy，wealthy，andwise.早睡早起使你健康、富裕和聪明。-28-\n（6）It'snevertoolatetomend.亡羊补牢，犹未晚矣。（7）Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.活到老，学到老。（8）Itislovethatmakestheworldgoround.爱使世界更美好。（9）Everymanishisownworstenemy.最大的敌人就是自己。（10）Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.打翻牛奶，哭也没用。（覆水难收。）错混辨析1．概括不全面错混辨析：写作时，考生需要浏览全文，通过关键词去理解文章的中心，但是不能草率地将文章的首句作为文章的主题句，否则可能导致对关键词句把握不准，对文章要点概述不全。解题指导：阅读材料时，考生可先画出短文中的重要句子，如文中的主题句、支撑句等。经过理解之后，考生可将这些重要的句子转化成自己的话，运用简洁明了的语言有条理地表述出来。2．审题不清，要点残缺错混辨析：读写任务题中只列出了写作的范围，没有详细的具体内容。解题指导：考生在写作时要表明自己的看法或者理由，并注意行文间的逻辑关系，这样组织起来的材料才会条理清晰、层次分明。同时，考生要注意使用具体的例子加以论证。3．语言平淡，缺少亮点错混辨析：不少考生在写作时，辞藻使用平淡，以至于隐藏了文章的亮点。解题指导：练好基本功，平时多加练习，尝试使用高级词汇、句式和语法结构等。一、记叙文（一）（2012·广东湛江一中高三级5月份模拟考试）Billy，ahighschoolboy，is17yearsold.Hehasaparttimejobinhisvacationswhichgetshimupeverymorningat5o'clock.Heisanewspaperdeliveryboy.Itisstilldarkwhenhegetsup，butduringtherestoftheyearitislight.Billmustdeliverthenewspaperstothehousesofthepeopleonhisrouteinallkindsofweather.Hetriestoputeachpaperontheporchwhereitwillbeprotectedfromwindandrainofsnow.Allhiscustomersthinkhedoesagoodjob.Billyearnsabout$70permonth，andheisearningsomeofthemoneytogotocollege.Hespendstherestonrecordsandclothes.Onceamonth，hehastocollectmoneyfromhiscustomers.Sincemanyofthemworkduringtheday，Billyhastocollectthemoneyintheevening.Sometimes，whenBillyisill，hisbrotherhastodeliverthenewspapers.Once，hisfatherhastohelp.Billyhas70customersnow，buthehopestogetmoresoon.Someday，ifhegetsmorecustomers，Billymightwinaprizeforbeinganoutstandingnewspaperboy.HewantstowinatriptoEurope，buthewillstillbehappyifheonlywinsanewbicycle.【写作内容】1．以大约30个词概括短文的内容要点。2．就“高中毕业生参加暑期工”发表看法，包括以下内容要点，120个词左右。（1）列举现实生活高中毕业生参加暑期工的情况。（2）分析他们参加暑期工的好处。（3）假如你打算做暑期工，你会选择什么样的工作，说明理由。【写作要求】1．作文中可使用实例或其他方法支持你的观点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。-28-\n2．文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。【评分标准】概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（二）（2012·广东佛山普通高中高三教学质量检测（二））YoungchildrenarelongingtotheChineseSpringFestivalbecausetheycanget“luckymoney”（moneygiventochildrenasalunarNewYeargift）fromtheirparentsandrelatives.Well，theparentsarenotashappyasthechildrenbecausetheyhavetosendoutluckymoneyandfigureouthowtodealwiththeirchildren'sluckymoney.A14yearoldboywroteapostontheInternettoobjectthathisdadtookawayhisluckymoney.Hethoughthewasoldenoughtotakecareofhisluckymoneyandmadeaplantobuystationary，spendsummervacationandpayforthepartieswithhisclassmates.Hisdadandmomearnabout6,000yuanpermonthtogether.DuringeverySpringFestival，theyhavetotakeoutmorethan4,000yuantogiveluckymoneytotheirrelativesandfriends'kids.Thus，hisdadbelievedthathissonshouldcontributehisluckymoneytohisfamily.Why?Hetriedtoteachhissontocareabouthisfamilyandlearnthatitisdifficulttomakemoneytosupportafamily.Asaresult，thedadandthesonquarreled.ThenthesonwroteontheInternettoopposehisdad.【写作内容】1．以约30词概括上文的主要内容；2．以约120词就“父母是否应该掌管压岁钱”进行讨论，并包括以下要点：（1）你是如何处理压岁钱的？（2）父母应该掌管压岁钱吗？（3）你有什么建议给文中的小男孩儿？【写作要求】1．作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。【评分标准】概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________-28-\n________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（三）（2012·广东广州高考调研交流试题英语试卷）阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。Mr.Whitsontaughtsixgradescience.Onthefirstdayofclass，hegaveusalectureaboutacreaturecalledcattywampus，ananimalthatdiedoutduringtheIceAge.Heshowedusaskull（头盖骨）ashetalked.Wealltooknotesandlaterhadatest.Whenhereturnedourpaper，wefoundthateveryoneintheclasshadfailed.Mr.Whitsonexplainedthathehadmadeupallthosethingsaboutthecattywampus.Therehadneverbeensuchananimal.Theinformationinournoteswasincorrect.Theskullheshoweduswasacat'sskull.Hehaddescribeditssurprisingnightvision，thecolorofitsfurandanumberofotherfactshecouldn'thaveknown.Nobodywasdoubtfulbutwrotedownwhattheteachersaid.Mr.Whitsonsaidhehopedwewouldlearnsomethingfromthisexperience.Teachersandtextbooksarenotneverwrong.Hetoldusnottoletourmindsgotosleep，andtospeakupifweeverthoughtheorthetextbookswaswrong.【写作要求】1．以约30个词概括短文的要点。2．以约120词讲述你自己“难忘的一堂英语（或物理）课”这个经历，内容包括：（1）时间、地点、简单过程；（2）为何难忘？（3）你从中学到了什么？【写作要求】1．在作文中，可以使用自己亲身的经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。【评分标准】概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________-28-\n________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（四）（2012·广东天河普通高中毕业班综合测试（三））Thepurposeofahighschoolgraduationceremonyistocelebratestudentswhohavesuccessfullymettheacademicandextracurricularrequirementsforgraduation.Theceremonyprovidesapublicchanceinwhichgraduatingstudentsreceivetheirdiplomas（文凭），markingtheirofficialgraduationfromhighschool.Highschoolgraduationceremoniesaretypicallyheldattheendoftheacademicyearandareattendedbyteachingstaff，graduatesandtheirfamiliesandfriends.Thoughtheeventlastsonlyafewhours，agreatceremonyisamemorythatthosewhoattendcantreasureforyearsandyears.Ratherthanmarkingtheendofonestageinastudent'slife，graduationsignifiesthebeginningofthenext.Alongwiththeawardingofthediplomas，thecommencementaddress（毕业演说）isanessentialpartoftheceremony.Theaddresstraditionallycongratulatesgraduatesontheirachievements，encouragesthemontheirendeavorsandimpartswisdomforthefuture.【写作内容】假如你作为毕业生代表，要在高中毕业典礼进行演讲。请根据以下内容写一份演讲稿。1．以约30个词概括这篇短文的主要内容。2．然后以约120个词围绕高中生活和毕业的话题进行讲述，内容包括：（1）高中毕业给你的感受；（2）举一件难忘的高中经历说明你在高中三年学习生活的收获；（3）在毕业之际，你想感激哪个人，简单说明理由。【写作要求】1．在作文中可以使用自己亲身的经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。【评分标准】概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________二、议论文（一）（2012·广东汕头一模）RecentlyIenteredoneofficeofourcompany，seeingacoworker（同事）headonhisarms.Shewasreallyupset.Webegantalkingaboutworkissuesandthetopicquicklyturnedintoherdaughter，hermother，herhusbandandherpersonallife.Ijustsatandgavehermyfullattention.Thiswentonforabout20minutes.Finally，asmile-28-\ncametoherfaceandshesaid，“WhyisitthatIcanalwaystalktoyou？”WhatIknowisthatIgavehermyfullattentionandlistened.Listeningisanimportantpartofhelpingsomeone.Itisdifferentfromhearing.Mostpeoplecanhearbutlisteningisalearnedskill.Youhavetostopthinkingaboutyourselfandputyourattentiononthepersontalking.Ibelieveifyoureallylistentooneanother，manysituationscouldbechanged.Itmeansyougiveanotherpersonthechancetohavehimheard.Tome，thisisanimportantwaytohelpothersanditdoesmakeadifference.【写作内容】1．概括短文的内容要点，该部分的词数大约30左右。2．聆听似乎是非常简单的一件事，但是有时聆听别人可以为别人解决烦恼。请你以“聆听是一种帮助”为主题写一篇120词的短文：（1）你觉得聆听为什么是对别人的一种帮助？（2）如果你的一位朋友在生活中遇到问题，你会聆听他的倾诉吗？（3）在聆听之后，你会怎样帮助他？【写作要求】你可以使用实例或其他论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不要抄袭阅读材料中的句子。【评分标准】概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（二）（2012·广东广州二模）Moreandmoreparentsaresendingtheirchildrenon“microforeignstudytours”.Parentshopethesetours，typically10to14daystravellingthroughEnglishspeakingcountriessuchasAmericaortheUK，willhelpimprovetheirchildren'slanguageproficiencyaswellasprovidethemwithagreaterunderstandingofthelocalcustomsandculture.Butwhilethesetoursare“micro”intermsoftime，theycertainlyaren'tmicroinprice.Theaveragetourcosts30,000yuan!Andjusthowusefularethey?Firstofall，participatingchildrendon'thavemuchtimeto“study”.Theytypicallyattendafewmorninglessonsthentraveltosomeworldfamousuniversitiesorscenicspotsintheafternoonandontheweekend.Theirexposuretothelocalculturecomesmainlyduringthetimetheystaywithalocalfamily，usually2or3days.Fortherestofthetourtheyarewiththeir-28-\nChineseclassmates，almostalwaysspeakingChinese.Andonsometours，organizerstakestudents，whoareoftentooyoungtomakesensibledecisions，onshoppingtripswherethey'reencouragedtobuyallkindsofuseless“souvenirs”.Nowonderwhentheyreturn，mostchildrentalkofthe“funwehad”，and“placeswesaw”ratherthanthe“thingswelearnt”.Sosomeparentsarenowhavingsecondthoughtsaboutthevalueofthesemicroforeignstudytours.Howmuchdotheyreallyhelptheirchildren?Aretheyworththemoney?Andfinally，arethetoursmeantforstudyorjustforpleasure?【写作内容】1．以约30词概括上文的主要内容。2．以约120词对父母送孩子出国游学的现象进行讨论，内容包括：（1）你是否赞成文中对出国游学的看法？（2）以你或他人的经历说明你的观点；（3）如果有机会，你愿意参加什么样的出国游学？【写作要求】（1）在作文中可以使用自己亲身的经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。（2）作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。【评分标准】概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（三）（2012·广东茂名第二次高考模拟考试）Ibelieveinthepowerofthewellwrittenthankyouletters.MysisterandIweretaughtataveryearlyagetowritethankyoulettersforbirthdayandChristmasgifts.Wecarefullycopiedaddressesfromourmom'saddressbookintoourownprettylittlebooks.WewroteourlettersonDecember26thatthelatesteveryyear.Itwasanimportantactivityinourhome，andithasturnedmeintoaneagerthankyouletterwriterasanadult.NearlyeveryMondaymorningIsitdownwithmyfavoritepenandwriteafewthankyouletters.IwritethemforpartiesIattend，dinnersI'mfed，orjusttothankafriendforlistening.SeveralyearsagoIevensentmymomathankyoulettertothankherforteachingmetocountmyblessingsonpaper.Sendinglettersofthanksoutintotheworldhasmadememoreappreciativeofthelove，support，andkindnessIreceivedaily.IammoremotivatedtodokindthingsforotherswhenIfeelappreciated，andIfeelthatIkeepkindnessandgenerositylivingbygenuinelyexpressingmythanks.【写作内容】1．以约30词概括上文的主要内容。-28-\n2．以约120词就“表示感谢”这个话题发表你的看法，内容包括：（1）对作者这种习惯的看法；（2）除写感谢信外，还可以用哪些方式表示感谢；（3）你需要向你生活中哪些人表示感谢。【写作要求】1．作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。【评分标准】概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（四）（2012·广东揭阳一中、金山中学高三第三次模拟联考）Therearetwofactorswhichdetermineanindividual'sintelligence.Thefirstissortofbrainheisbornwith.Humanbrainsdifferconsiderable，somebeingmorecapablethanothers.Butnomatterhowgoodabrainhehastobeginwith，anindividualwillhavealowintelligenceunlesshehasopportunitiestolearn.Sothesecondfactoriswhathappenstotheindividual—thesortoftheenvironmentinwhichheisbroughtup.Ifanindividualishandicapped（受阻碍）environmentally，itislikelythathisbrainwillstoptodevelopandhewillneverattainthelevelofintelligenceofwhichheiscapable.Theimportanceofenvironmentindetermininganindividual'sintelligencecanbeprovedbytheidenticaltwins，PeterandJohn.Whenthetwinswerethreemonthsold，theirparentsdied，andtheywereplacedinseparatefoster（寄养）homes.Peterwasrearedbyparentsoflowintelligenceinanisolatedcommunitywithpooreducationalopportunities.John，however，waseducatedinthehomewelltodoparentswhohadbeentocollege.Thisenvironmentaldifferencecontinueduntilthetwinswereintheirlateteens，whentheyweregiventeststomeasuretheirintelligence.John'sIQwas125，twentyfivepointshigherthantheaverageandfullyfortypointshigherthanhisbrother.【写作内容】1．以约30个词概括短文的要点。2．然后以约120个词就“环境与人的智力发展”的主题发表看法，并包括如下要点：（1）你是否赞同“环境决定智力的发展”这一观点？为什么？（2）请举出具体事例说明你的观点；（3）你认为如何才能最大限度地发展智力？【写作要求】1．可以参照阅读材料的篇章结构组织故事，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。-28-\n2．标题自定。【评分标准】概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（五）WinningstyleFailureisunavoidableonone'swaytosuccessandshouldnotbeafraidof.Ifonewantstosucceed，heshouldhaveaplanandsticktoit.Experiencingfailureisunavoidableonyourjourneytosuccess.Everydefeatisonlyasmallpartofvictory.You'llfindthatthenumberoftimesyousucceedisindirectproportion（成比例）tothenumberoftimesyoufailandkeeptrying.Failureisnothingbuteducation，andnothingbutthefirststeptosomethingbetter.Youcan'tbeafraidtolose.Itisn'tenoughtojustwantsomething.You'regoingtoneedaplantogetthethingsthatyouwant.Theproblemislearninghowtobridgethegapwhichexistsbetweenwhereyouarenowandthegoalsthatyouwanttoreach.Withadefinitestepbystepplanyoucannotfailbecauseeachstepwillcarryyoualongtothenextsteplikeatrack.Allyouneedistheplan，theroadmapandthecouragetomoveontoyourdestination.Knowingwhereyou'regoingisallyouneedtogetthere.Youcan'tgetlostonastraightroad.【写作内容】1．以约30个词概括上文的主要内容。2．以约120个词谈谈你对“失败与成功”的看法，内容包括：（1）你是如何看待失败与成功之间的关系；（2）列举你失败的一次经历及当时你的感受；（3）你当时是如何走出失败的。【写作要求】1．作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。【评分标准】概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________-28-\n________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（六）（2012·广东中山华侨中学高三第三次模拟）TherehavebeenmanytypesofecologicaldisasterscausedtotheAustralianecosystembyintroducingotheranimals.Themostfamousonewastheintroductionoftherabbit.TherabbitsinAustraliaaremostlyfromagroupofwildrabbitsinsoutheasternAustralia.Thesewerereleasedinthehopeofstartingabusinesssellingrabbits'skin.Thisdidactuallyhappen，buttherewasnothingtostoptherabbitsspreadingtotherestofmainlandAustralia.Nowwehavebillions.Theycompetewiththenativeanimals，damagethevegetationandseverelyreducethepotentialcarryingcapacityofthelandforgrasseatinganimalslikesheepandcattle.Aswellasthedisasterscausedtothelandecosystem，therehavebeenonesinthewater.ThemostobviousonewasthedeliberateintroductionofEuropeancarp（欧洲鲤鱼）totheRiverMurray.Thecarpwereintroducedtoeattheweedsgrowingintheriver.Nowtheyhavetakenovermuchoftheriver'secosystemandseverelyreducedthenumberofnativefish.NotalldestructiveintroductionsinAustraliawereofforeignspecies.ThereareseveralcasesofnativeAustraliananimalsbeingtakentodifferentplacesinAustraliaandcausingdestruction.KoalaswereintroducedtoKangarooIslandandincreasedtosuchanextentthattheyarekillingofftheMannaGumtrees.【写作内容】1．以约30词概括阅读材料的主要内容。2．由于人类无休止地向大自然索取，无限制的掠夺自然，造成了资源枯竭等。大自然毫不留情地对人类进行了报复。请你以约120个词谈谈你对人类和大自然和谐相处的看法，内容包括：（1）你认为人类为什么要与大自然和谐相处？（2）举例说明人类与大自然由于不和谐相处而带来的灾害。（3）在日常生活中，我们应该怎样与大自然和谐相处？【写作要求】1．在作文中可以使用自己亲身的经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。【评分标准】概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________-28-\n________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________三、故事类（一）（2012·广东珠海第一中学高考模拟试题）TheelephantandtheflyAdisciple（信徒），whowasdisturbedbythefactthathismindwasinconstantunrest，askedhisteacher，“Whyaremostpeople'smindsrestless?Whatcanonedotostillthemind？”Theteacherlookedatthedisciple，smiledandtoldhimastory：Anelephantwasstandingandpickingleavesfromatree.Asmallflycame，flyingandbuzzing（嗡嗡叫）nearhisear.Theelephantwaveditawaywithhislongears.Thentheflycameagain，andtheelephantwaveditawayoncemore.Thiswasrepeatedseveraltimes.Thentheelephantaskedthefly，“Whyareyousorestlessandnoisy?Whycan'tyoustayforawhileinoneplace?”Theflyanswered，“IamattractedtowhateverIsee，hearorsmell.MyfivesensespullmeconstantlyinalldirectionsandIcannotresistthem.Whatisyoursecret?Howcanyoustaysocalmandstill？”Theelephantstoppedeatingandsaid，“Myfivesensesdonotrulemyattention.WhateverIdo，Igetimmersedinit.NowthatIameating，Iamcompletelyabsorbedineating.InthiswayIcanenjoymyfoodandchewitbetter.Iruleandcontrolmyattention，andnottheotherwayaround.”Uponhearingthesewords，asmileappearedonthedisciple'sface，“Iunderstand!Ifmyfivesensesareincontrolofmymindandattention，thenmymindisinconstantunrest.IfIaminchargeofmyfivesensesandattention，thenmymindbecomescalm.”【写作内容】1．以约30个词概括短文的内容。2．然后以约120个词就“专注”这一主题发表你的看法，并包括以下要点：（1）大象和苍蝇的故事给你的启示；（2）讲述你（或你朋友）因为太多干扰而受到影响的经历；（3）你认为怎样才能保持专注、专心？【写作要求】1．在作文中可以使用自己亲身的经历或者虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。2．作文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称。【评分标准】概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________-28-\n________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（二）Alittleboyinvitedhismothertoattendhisschool'sfirstteacherparentmeeting.Whenshesaidshewouldgo，hewasdisappointedashehadalwaysbeenashamedofhismother'sscarthatcoverednearlytheentirerightsideofherface.Theboyneverwantedtotalkaboutwhyorhowshegotthescar.Atthemeeting，thepeoplewereimpressedbythekindnessandnaturalbeautyofhismotherinspiteofthescar，butthelittleboywasstillembarrassedandhidhimselffromeveryone.Hedid，however，overhearaconversationbetweenhismotherandhisteacher.Theteacheraskedcarefully，“Howdidyougetthescaronyourface？”Themotherreplied，“Whenmysonwasababy，hewasinaroomthatcaughtfire.Everyonewastooafraidtogoinbecausethefirewasoutofcontrol，butIwentin.AsIwasrunningtowardhisbed，IsawalongpieceofwoodcomingdownandIplacedmyselfoverhimtryingtoprotecthim.Iwasknockedsenselessbutfortunately，afiremancameinandsavedbothofus.”Shetouchedtheburnedsideofherface.“Thisscarwillbelasting，buttothisday，IhaveneverregrettedwhatIdid.”Atthispoint，thelittleboycameoutrunningtowardhismotherwithtearsofregretinhiseyes.【写作内容】1．以约30个词概括上文的主要内容。2．以约120个词讲述一个关于你（或你的朋友）的父母对子女无私的爱的故事。内容包括：（1）讲述一个体现父母无私的爱的故事；（2）父母无私的爱对你（或你的朋友）带来的影响；（3）你认为作为儿女要如何回报父母的爱？【写作要求】1．作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容？但不得直接引用原文中的句子。2．文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。【评分标准】概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________四、书信类-28-\n（一）DearEditor，RecentlyIfeelalittlefrustrated，soIamwritingtoyouforadvice.IhaveaveryclosefriendwhoIhavetrustin.Heisaverynicestudentwhohasreallygivenotherstheimpressionofanhonestguyandmanytimeshewashonoredasanexcellentstudentinourschool，soinmyeyes，heissogreat.Butlastweek，whenweweretakingthemidtermEnglishexam，Isuddenlyfoundthatinhishandwashiscellphone，hewascopyingsomethingfromitsecretly!Buttheteacherdidn'tfindthisatall.Whentheresultwasannounced，hewaspraisedforgettingaverygoodmark.Ifeelshamedforhim，mybestfriend，andforwhathehaddoneintheexam，buttheteacherstillbelievesthatheisdiligentanddoeswellinEnglish.ShouldItelltheteacherabouthischeatingintheexam?IfIdoso，maybehewouldnotunderstandmeandwouldnolongerregardmeasafriend，andthenImayloseaclosefriendforever.IfIdon'ttellthetruthtotheteacher，hewillcheatagaininthenextexam.WhatshouldIdo?Yours，Jesse【写作内容】1．以约30个词概括这封信的要点。2．以约120个词就“友情和诚实”这一主题发表你的看法，内容包括：（1）如果你是Jesse，你会如何处理此事？并说明理由。（2）你觉得友情和诚实哪个更重要？（3）生活中你是怎样维护真正的友情的？【写作要求】1．作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。【评分标准】概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（二）DearDaughter：AswedroveofffromColumbia，Iwantedtowritealettertoyoutotellwhatisonmymindaboutcollege.First，collegewillbethemostimportantyearsinyourlife.Itisincollegethatyouwilltrulydiscoverwhatlearningisabout.Imeaninthisperiodyouwillcometorealizethematerialstaughtisn'tasimportantasyougainingtheability-28-\ntolearnanewsubject，andtheabilitytoanalyzeanewproblemandyougofromteachertaughttomasterinspired，afterwhichyoumustbecomeselflearner.Sodotakeeachsubjectseriously，andevenifwhatyoulearnisn'tcriticalforyourlife，theskillsoflearningwillbesomethingyoucherishforever.Second，followyourpassionincollege.Takecoursesyouthinkyouwillenjoy.Don'tbetrappedinwhatothersthinkorsay.SteveJobsisacaseinpoint.Atcollege，hetookinterestincalligraphy，whichbecamethebasisofthebeautifulMacintoshfonts（苹果机字体）andlaterledtodesktoppublishing，andbroughtwonderfultoolslikeMicrosoftWordtoourlives.Sodon'tworrytoomuchaboutwhatjobyouwillhave，andifyoulikeJapaneseorKorean，goforit，evenifyourdadthinks“it'snotuseful”.【写作内容】1．请用约30词概括这封信的内容。2．然后以约120词谈谈你对大学学习的一些想法，包括以下内容：（1）什么是一堂好课？（2）高中三年中你上过的最好的一堂课；（3）在大学除了专业课程之外，你最想选修的课程和原因。【写作要求】你可以使用实例或其他论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不能直接引用阅读材料中的句子。【评分标准】概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________-28-\n参考答案专题六　读写任务试题真做概括应包括以下要点：1．Theauthor'shusbandreceivedaletteramonthago．2．Intheletterthestudentexpressedherthankstotheteacherforencouraginghertostudymath．3．Theauthorwastouchedbytheletter．创新模拟·预测演练一、记叙文（一）1．Billy，ahighschoolstudent，takesaparttimejobasanewspaperdeliveringboy．Inthehopeofearningmoneytogotocollegeandwinningaprize，heworkshardanddoessogoodajobthatallofhiscustomersthinkhighlyofhim．2．Nowadaysthereisagrowingtendencythatmoreandmorehighschoolgraduateshaveparttimejobsaftergraduation．Someworkasshopassistantsorwaiters．Somedistributehandbillsonthestreetandsomeactasprivatetutors．Studentscangetgreatbenefitfromtakingparttimejobsinvacations．Severalreasonscanaccountforthis．First，takingaparttimejob，tosomeextent，canhelptosolvethefinancialproblemforthosecomingfrompoorfamilies．Second，suchjobsprovidestudentswithgoodopportunitiestoenrichtheirsocialexperienceandbroadentheirhorizons，whichwilldogoodtothemintheirfuturestudyandlife．Last，thejobsmakeitpossibleforstudentstoputwhattheyhavelearnedinclassintopractice．Aftergraduation，Itendtohaveaparttimejobasaprivatetutorforpupils．Foronething，Icanenjoystayingwithchildren．Foranother，itfeelsgoodtohelpchildrenmakeprogressintheirstudythroughmyefforts．（二）1．Aboy'sparentstookawayhisluckymoneybecausetheythoughtheshouldcareaboutthefamily．However，theboythoughthecouldmanagethemoneyandwasnothappyaboutthis．2．EverySpringFestival，Ireceiveabout1,000yuanluckymoney．MyparentsalwaysletmekeepitandIwilltellthemhowIplantospendit．Usually，Iusethemoneytobuythingstohelpwithmystudyatschool．IpersonallythinkitisOKformyparentstotakeovermyluckymoney．Afterall，itisnotthemoneythatIearnmyself．AndIbelieveit'snotgoodforakidtokeepalargesumofmoney．Well，IsuggestthattheboyshouldhaveanhonesttalkwithhisparentsinsteadofwritingapostontheInternettocomplain．Ifheneedsmoneytobuysomething，hecansimplyaskhisparentsforit．（三）1．ThepassageisaboutalectureonafictionalcreaturegivenbyMr．Whitson，whofailsthewholeclassinthetestfortheirblindobedienceandholdstheviewthatstudentsshouldquestionactivelyinsteadofblindlyfollowing．2．ThestoryremindsmeofthefirstEnglishclasswhenIwasinSeniorOne．Whentheclassbegan，incameMissLiu，ourEnglishteacher．Tomysurprise，thoughshespokeEnglishduringthewholeperiod，Icouldfigureoutwhatshemeant，whichincreasedmyinterestinlearningEnglish．Attheendoftheclass，sheaskedmetoretellthetext．Inatremblingvoice，IdiditinbrokenEnglish，whichIfeltashamedof．However，shepraisedmeformycouragetoperforminfrontoftheclass，adding-28-\nthatmypronunciationwasgood．IwillneverforgettheEnglishclassbecauseMissLiutaughtusthatbytakinganactivepartinclassandenjoyingit，wewouldmakeprogress．（四）1．Thehighschoolgraduationceremonyisacherishingmemory，becauseitnotonlymarksthegraduates'publicgraduationfromtheschool，butalsosymbolizesthebeginningoftheirfuture．Besides，thegraduatesreceivebothcongratulationsandencouragement．2．Inthisunforgettablemoment，asastudentrepresentativespeakinghere，Iamfullofhopeandexpectationforthecomingdays，andalsodeeplytouchedbythepastthreeyearsinthishighschooltogetherwithalltheteachersandclassmates．Duringthepastseniorschooldays，Ihaveachievedalot．Ican'thelprecallingsomegoodmemoriesaboutmyhighschoollife．OnceIputonadancingperformanceintheschoolArtFestivalShow．Luckily，Imissedastepandslipped．Iwasembarrassedbutmyclassmatescheeredforme．Withtheirsupport，Icontinuedwiththerestofthedanceperfectly．Intheexperience，IthinkthefriendshipandtheencouragementIgainedwasthemostprecious．Todayisourgraduationceremony，yetIwouldliketooweallofthesejoystothemostimportantpersoninmylife．Itismymotherwhobringsmeupwithallhereffortsandteachesmehowtodistinguishrightfromwrong．SotodayIwanttoexpressmysinceregratitudetoher．二、议论文（一）1．Theauthorlistenedtoacoworkertalkingaboutherlifewithfullattentionrecently，becausehebelievesthatlisteningisanimportantwaytohelpothersanditmakesadifference．2．Liketheauthor，Ican'tagreemorethatlisteningisaveryimportantwaytohelpothers．Inmyopinion，whenpeoplehavesomethingunhappyinmind，theywillfeelmorecomfortableiftheycantalkwithothers．Soifwecanlistentothem，theirfeelingsmaybecomebetter．IfIhaveafriendwhofacesproblemsinlifeandneedstotalkwithme，Iwilltrytobeagoodlistenerforhim．Becausebeingafriend，IthinkIshoulddomybesttohelphimoutandlisteningisthebestwayatthistime．Afterlistening，Iwillcomforthim，trytofindoutwhatproblemshehasandgivehimsomeadvicetosolvethem．（二）反对1：1．Thispassagetalksaboutmicroforeignstudytoursandtheirexpectedbenefitsforchildren．However，givenstudents'actualexperienceonsuchtours，manyparentsarenowquestioningtheirtruevalue．2．Ithinksuchworriesareunnecessary．Travellingabroad，whetherforstudyorpleasure，isagoodwayforstudentstobroadentheirhorizonandbecomemoresophisticated．MyfriendDavidwentonsuchatour，andsaiditwasthemostrewardingexperienceofhislife．HeattendedatwoweekcourseatOxfordUniversityandthentravelledtodifferentpartsoftheUK，allofwhichhelpedhimtolearnmoreaboutthehistory，cultureandsocietyofBritain．HewassoimpressedbytheacademicatmosphereatOxfordUniversitythathenowdreamsofstudyingthereinthefuture．MyowndreamistotraveltoAmerica，attendsomelecturesinmydreamschool，HarvardUniversityandtraveltodifferentpartsoftheUSAwithlocalstudents．InthiswayIcouldhavemoreopportunitytotalkinEnglishandlearnaboutitslifeandculture．-28-\n反对2：1．Thispassagetalksaboutmicroforeignstudytoursandtheirexpectedbenefitsforchildren．However，givenstudents'actualexperienceonsuchtours，manyparentsarenowquestioningtheirtruevalue．2．Thoughexpensive，Istillthinkstudytoursareworthwhile．“Amillionmilesisbetterthanamillionbooks，”thesayinggoes，andmyexperienceonmyown2weekstudytouroftheUKconfirmedthis．BesidestheexcitementofseeingplacesIhadonlyreadaboutorseeninmovies，myeffortsatcommunicatingwithlocalpeoplereallyhelpedtobuildmyconfidence．VisitingCambridgehasalsomademedeterminedtoreturnthereoneday，butasastudent．IfIgoabroadagain，Iwouldliketotailormyowntour．Byplanningtherouteaccordingtomyowninterests，andmakingdecisionsonthingssuchastransportandaccommodations，IwouldbeabletoapplywhatI'velearnedtoreallifeandlearnhowtosurviveinaforeigncountry．（三）Asachild，theauthorlearnedtowritethankyouletters．Sincethenshehasbeenwritingthemtodifferentpeople，whichmakesherappreciatethelifeandmotivateshertodokindthings．Afterreadingthepassage，Ithinkhighlyoftheauthor'shabitofwritingthankyoulettersbecauseithelpstobuildupagoodrelationshipwithothers．Apartfromwritingthankyouletters，wecanalsoshowourgratitudebypresentingpeoplewithsmallgifts，invitingthemtodinner，ordoingsomethingtohelptheminreturn．Sometimes，justaknowingsmilecanserveasagoodwaytoexpressourthanks．Inmylife，therearemanypeopletowhomIshouldexpressthanks．Firstofall，Ishouldthankmyparents，becauseitistheirlovethatenablesmetogrowuphealthilyandhappily．Then，Imustappreciatethehardworkofourteachers．Notonlydotheyteachmeknowledgebutalsoeducatemetobeagoodperson．Lastbutnotleast，Ineedtogivethankstomyfriends，whohavebeenhelpingmeandcaringformeduringalltheseyears．Inaword，itisnecessaryforeveryoneofustoexpressthanksappropriately．Onlyinthiswaycanweliveinamoreharmonioussociety．（四）Howtofullydevelopourintelligence?1．Thewriterarguesinsupportoftheimportanceofenvironmentintermsofthedevelopmentofaperson'sintelligencebygivinganexampleofapairoftwinbrothers，whowerebroughtupindifferentenvironments．2．Personally，Ibelieveenvironmentiscrucialtoanindividualintelligence，asagoodenvironmentcanoffermoreopportunitiestoincreasehisknowledgeandbroadenthehorizonsaswellasthechancestopractise．TherewassuchafamousexampleinChinesehistory．Zhongyong，bornwithahighIQ，distinguishedhimselfbyrecitingandevenwritingpoemsasachild，whichastonishedothers．Unfortunately，hisfatherdidn'tofferhimagoodenvironmenttofosterhimbutinstead，heoftentookhimeverywheretoshowoffhisintelligence．Gradually，Zhongyongbecameanordinaryperson．Thus，Ithinkwe，includingourparents，ourteachers，andeventhewholesociety，shouldtrytocreateagoodenvironmentforthechildrentofullydeveloptheirintelligence，andforthechildren，theyshouldalsolearntoexploiteverythingavailabletodevelopthemselves．（五）1．Onone'swaytosuccesspeoplearesuretoexperiencefailure，whichcanbe-28-\nregardedaseducation．Peopleshouldonlyknowwhattheirplanisandsticktoituntiltheysucceed．2．Whenitcomestotherelationshipbetweenfailureandsuccess，Ithinkfailureisakeyfactoronmyroadtosuccess．Sinceitisinevitable，weshouldnotbeafraidofitasitenablesustoaccumulateexperienceandfinallybringsustoourgoal．ItsuddenlyoccurstomethatIhaveexperiencedfailurebefore．Tenmonthsago，ItookpartinanEnglishwritingcontestafterIhadmadefullpreparationsforit．However，thethemeofthewritingwassounfamiliartomethatmymindwentblanktheinstantIreadit．Ifailedtowriteitandrankedlastfinally，feelingextremelydepressedandfrustrated．Later，mybestfriendaskedmetofacemyfailurebravely，sayingthateverydefeatisonlyasmallpartofvictory．Atthattime，Icametorealizethatfailureisnothingbutthefirststeptosomethingbetter．Ifinallywalkedoutoftheshadowoffailureandmovedontomysuccess．（六）Onepossibleversion：1．ThepassagemainlytellsusaboutsometypesofdisasterscausedtotheAustralianecosystembyintroducingotheranimalssuchastheintroductionoftherabbittothemainlandandEuropeancarptotheRiverMurray．2．Thenaturalbalanceinanecosystemmustbemaintained．Thisbalancemaybedisturbedduetotheintroductionofnewspecies，thesuddendisappearanceofsomespeciesandespeciallymanmadecauses．Air，landandwaterpollutionisincreasingdaybyday．TheaveragetemperatureoftheEarthisincreasingandhugeglaciersaremeltingfaster．Intheearlytwentiethcentury，Roosevelt，presidentoftheUS，orderedtokillcruelwolveswiththepurposeofprotectinglovelydeerinoneoftheflourishingforestsinArizona．Therefore，thedeerwasprotectedwellanditspopulationincreasedgreatlybecausetherewerefewerwolves．Toeverybody'ssurprise，theforestbecamelifelesswithagreatnumberofdeereatingitsresourcesanddisappearedfinally．Asaresult，largequantitiesofdeerdiedduetothefoodshortage．Itisvitalforhumanbeingstoliveinharmonywithnature．Everyindividualhastomakehisactionsecofriendly．Itishightimethatmanrealizedheisanintegralpartoftheenvironment．Weshoulddevelopecofriendlyhabits，andtrytostopanyactivitiesthatwilldamagetheenvironment．三、故事类（一）Onepossibleversion：1．Anelephanttoldarestlessflythatbeingabsorbedindoingthingshelpedhimstaystill．Afterhearingthestoryfromhisteacher，thedisciplerealizedthatonlybycontrollinghissensescanheobtaincalmness．2．Afterreadingthestory，Iwasinspiredbywhattheelephantsaid．Theabilitytofocusyourattentionisthekeytoyoursuccessindoinganything．Justlikethefly，apersonwhoiseasilydistractedbythesurroundingswillfeelrestlessandtired，unabletoachievehissuccess．ThisremindsmeofwhathappenedwhenIenteredhighschoolasaSeniorOnestudent．Iwassoexcitedtofindthattherewerevariousstudentorganizationsandafterclassactivitiesintendedforusstudents．Itseemedthatmanygroupsweresuitabletome．Duringthefirstterm，IwasattractedwhenevertherewasanoticefromastudentgroupandIwaseagertofindoutmoreaboutit．Asaresult，Ididn'tspendenoughtimeonmystudies，norcouldIsettledownonmyhomeworkeveryday．Consequently，Ifailedinanimportantexam．-28-\nIhavelearnedalessonfromthisexperiencethatoneshouldfocusononethingatatimebeforehecangetitwelldone．Todoso，weshouldputwhatwearedoinginthefirstplaceandkeepitupwithoutbeinginterferedbyotherevents．Onlywhenwehaveaclearanddeterminedmindcanweaccomplishsomethingintheend．（二）1．Aboywasashamedofhismother'sscarontheface．Knowingbyaccidentitwascausedwhenshetriedtorescuehimfromaterriblefireattheriskofherlife，hewastouchedandregretful．2．ChildrenaresaidtobeagiftfromGodforparents．Therefore，mostparentsaregratefulforthisgreatgiftandneverhesitatetosacrificefortheirchildren．Myfriend，Tom，isdisabledfrombirth，whocanonlymoveinawheelchair．Hisparentsdevotealltheirlovetohimthoughmostoftheirfriendsandrelativestrytopersuadethemtogivebirthtoonemorechild，whichmayatleastensuretheirhappylifeintheirlateyears．Considerabledifficultiesareinvolvedinlookingafteradisabledone，butTom'sparentsmakeeveryefforttoensurehecanliveashappyalifeasanynormalchild．TheirdevotionandselflesslovemakeTomanactive，confidentboyandatopstudentinschool，themostpromisingonetobeadmittedtothePekingUniversity．Tom'sstoryisoneofthemovingstoriesbetweenparentsandchildren．Noonecandenythatparentsaretheoneswholoveusmostanddeserveourdeepestlove．Aschildren，weshouldalwaysbethankfultotheirloveandbereadytolovetheminreturn．四、书信类（一）1．FindinghisbestfriendcheatedintheEnglishexam，thewriterfeltsofrustratedthatheaskedtheeditorforadvice，wonderingwhetherheshouldtelltheteacheraboutthetruth．2．IfIwereJesse，Iwouldlettheteacherknowthetrutheventhoughheismybestfriend，which，Ithink，isreallyagoodwaytohelpmyfriendandgethimawareofhismistakesothathewillnevercheatagain．Thatisforrealfriendship．Friendshipandhonestyarebothimportantinourlife，butinmyopinion，asastudent，honestyisthemostimportantofall．Beinghonestenablesustowinrespectandtrustfrompeoplearound．ThusIwouldchoosehonestyfirst．Inmylife，whenmyfriendmakesamistake，IwilltrytohelphimasmuchasIcan．Forexample，Iwillhaveahearttohearttalkwithhim，pointingouthismistake．ButsometimesifIcannotmanagemyself，Iwillevenaskmyteachersorparentstogivehimahand．（二）1．Fatherwritestoherdaughterthatcollegewillbeofthegreatestimportanceinherlifebecauseshewilltrulydiscoverwhatlearningisandthatsheshouldtakecoursesshelikesdespiteothers'comment．2．Concerningwhatcontributetoagoodlesson，Iabsolutelyadvocatethatabilityoutweighsknowledge．ThatiswhyIregardoneclasstaughtbyMissMaasthebestIhaveeverattended．Afteranimportantexam，thebellrangandincameMissMawithnoscorecardasusual．Shebeganbyaskingthedifficultywiththetest，afterwhich，wevolunteeredtoexplainwhy．Otherclassmatesjoinedandpresentedtheirunderstanding．Scoresfadedbutweknewhowtosolvesomeproblemsthathadbeentroublingus．Atcollege，apartfromthecoursesrelatedtomychosenmajor，IwilltakeacourseaboutChinesehistory．Historymakesmewittyandhelpsmetogainadeeperinsightintothefascinatingpastandmoreimportantlytheconfusingpresentalthoughmany-28-\npeoplegiveacoldshouldertothecourse．-28-