【创新设计】（广东专用）2022高考英语 大二轮总复习测试 完形填空专题 专题四　语法填空

专题四　语法填空　Ⅰ.体验高考(2022·广东)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Lastyear，mybrotherandIwenttoMiamiforavacation.Someofmyfriendswhohadbeentherebeforesaid__1__wasawonderfulholidaydestination.Beforewewent，wehadplannedformonths.Whenthedaycame，wewereready.Afterourplanelanded，wewenttothehotel.Wehadmadeourreservationsixmonths__2__(early)，butthemanatthefrontdesksaidtherehadbeenamistake.We__3__(tell)thatourroomshadn'tbeenreservedforthatweek，__4__fortheweekafter.Ididn'tunderstand__5__thiswouldhappenandmycreditcardhadalreadybeencharged__6__thereservation.What'sworse，thehotelhadbeenfullybooked.Whenwewerewonderingwhattodo，themanagercameout.Shewas__7__(surprise)helpful.SheapologizedforthemistakeandgaveusaspareVIProomon__8__topfloor.Wehadneverstayedinsuchanamazingroom，andweweren'tchargedextra.Thenextday，mybrotherandIwenttothebeach__9__wewatchedsomepeopleplayvolleyball.Wegotalittle__10__(sunburn)，butthedayhadbeensorelaxingthatwedidn'tmind.【语篇导读】　本文是一篇记叙文，记述了我和我兄弟去Miami(迈阿密)旅游，当到达目的地后，来到六个月前订的宾馆，却意外被告知订的房间是下个星期的，且该宾馆房间已订满。正当不知如何办时，经理出来了，将他们安排在留出来的VIP房间，且不另外收他们的钱，真是喜出望外的事。1．解析　在said后的宾语从句中缺主语，应填代词；指代前句中的Miami这个地方，应用it。答案　it2．解析　在句中作状语，依然用副词；不变词性，因为是较早的做的事，所以用比较级。答案　earlier3．解析　由句意可知，是“我们被告知”，由上下文的时态可知，用一般过去时的被动语态。答案　weretold4．解析　根据上下句意，意为“不是为那个星期订的，而是为后一个星期所订的”，为not...but...结构。答案　but5．解析　意为“我不知道为什么会发生这样的事”，故用why引导宾语从句。答案　why6．解析　charge...for...是习惯搭配。答案　for7．解析　因本句已有作表语的形容词helpful，所以应当用副词来修饰形容词helpful，指“令人惊讶地，意外地”，故填surprisingly。答案　surprisingly8．解析　特指“在顶楼”。答案　the9．解析　先行词是地点thebeach，且在定语从句中作状语，故填where(＝onwhich＝andonthebeach＝andthere)。7\n答案　where10．解析　在表示“变化”的got后作表语，要用形容词；sunburn是名词，其形容词形式是burnt或burned。答案　sunburnt/sunburnedⅡ.仿真模拟Passage1Acertainmanplantedaroseandwatereditfaithfullyandbeforeitblossomed，heexaminedit.Hesawthebud__1__wouldsoonblossom，butnoticedthorns(棘刺)uponthestemandhethought，“Howcananybeautifulflowercome__2__aplantburdenedwithsomanysharpthorns？”Saddenedbythisthought，he__3__(neglect)towatertherose，andjust__4__itwasreadytobloom...itdied.Soitiswithmanypeople.Withineverysoulthereis__5__rose.TheGodlikequalitiesplantedinusatbirth，growamidthethornsofourfaults.Manyofuslookat__6__andseeonlythethorns，thedefects.Wedespair，__7__(think)thatnothinggoodcanpossiblycomefromus.Weneglecttowaterthegoodwithinus，and__8__(event)itdies.Weneverrealizeourpotential.Somepeopledonotseetherosewithinthemselves;someoneelsemustshow__9__tothem.Oneofthe__10__(great)giftsapersoncanpossessistobeabletoreachpastthethornsofanother，andfindtherosewithinthem.【语篇导读】　本文讲述每个人心中都有一朵玫瑰。我们要透过自己的缺点，看到自己的优点。1．解析　引导限制性定语从句，指代先行词bud。答案　that/which2．解析　根据comefrom“来自于”可知。答案　from3．解析　由与之并列的谓语died可知，用一般过去时。答案　neglected4．解析　因在and后有itwas...和itdied两个句子，且这两句之间没有关联词，故填关联词；表示“在……之前，还没来得及……”，用before。答案　before5．解析　每个人的灵魂深处都有一朵玫瑰，用不定冠词。答案　a6．解析　前有us，我们很多人审视自己，用反身代词。答案　ourselves7．解析　前已有谓语动词despair，think前又没有连词，故用现在分词表示伴随。答案　thinking8．解析　此处需要用副词修饰谓语，故要作词类转换。答案　eventually9．解析　代词it指代前面的rose。答案　it10．解析　根据句意，尤其是“oneof”可知用最高级。答案　greatestPassage2Whenwedonotunderstandeachother'slanguage，wecantalkwiththehelpofsigns.AFrenchmanwasoncetravelinginEngland.HecouldnotspeakEnglishatall.Onedayhewentinto7\narestaurantand__1__(sit)downatatable.Whenthewaitercame，heopenedhismouth，puthisfingersinitandtook__2__outagain.Hewantedtosay，“Bringme__3__toeat.”Thewaitersoonbroughthimacupoftea.Themanmovedhishead__4__sidetoside.Thewaiterunderstoodhimandtooktheteaaway.Inamomenthecamewithacupofcoffee，__5__themanagainrefusedit.Heshookhishead__6__thewaiterbroughthimsomethingtodrink，fordrinksarenotfood.Whenthemanwasgoingaway，__7__mancamein.Thismansawthe__8__(wait)，andheputhishand__9__hisstomach.Thatwasenough.Inafewminutestherewasalargeplateofmeatandvegetablesonthetableinfrontofhim.__10__，yousee，sometimeswecanunderstandthelanguageofsignsaswellaswecanunderstandthelanguageofwords.【语篇导读】　本文介绍当两个陌生人彼此之间没办法理解对方的语言时，可以借助手势进行交流，但有时也会产生误会，造成误解。1．解析　用过去时，与前面的动词wentinto并列，前后时态一致。答案　sat2．解析　指代前面的hisfingers。答案　them3．解析　不定代词“一些东西”，下面一段有提示。答案　something4．解析　与to连用，构成“fromsidetoside”。答案　from5．解析　表转折，因为后面有一个动词refuse。答案　but6．解析　根据前后的关系，可知引导时间状语从句“无论什么时候”。答案　whenever/when7．解析　表示“另一位，另一个”，接单数名词。答案　another8．解析　在冠词后用名词，表示“侍者，服务员”。答案　waiter9．解析　表示，“把手放在肚子上”。答案　on10．解析　因此，承上启下，表示“总结”。答案　So/ThereforePassage3Wealthhasalwaysbeenwhatsomepeoplelongfor.Itistruethatmostofthemtrytoacquirewealthbymeansofhonestlabour.__1__effortscontributetothewelfareofthesocietyandatthesametimetotheaccumulationoftheirwealth，andhencetotheirhappiness.Thereisnodoubtthatwealthbringshappiness，especiallyinthemodemsociety.Variouskindsofuptodatehouseholdappliances，__2__(late)fashionsandrecreationsmaketheirappearancewitheachpassingday.Allthismakesourlifemorecomfortableandcolourful.Therefore，withoutmoneywecannotturn__3__(admire)intoreality.Butthereareexceptions__4__wealthdoesnotgohandinhandwithhappiness.Wealthmaytemptweakwilledpersonstobeaddicted__5__harmfulhabits，suchasdrugtakingandgambling，andresultintheirownrain.Besides，apersonmaylosehisreasonandgoastray(误入歧途)ifhe7\nintendsonlytoseekwealthandindulgeshimselfinleadingaluxuriouslife.Forexample，therearesomegovernmentofficials__6__takeadvantageoftheirpositionstotakebribes(贿赂)from__7__peopleturningtothemforhelp.Allthese__8__(bring)aboutthenegativeeffectofwealthifwedon'ttakeaproperattitudetoit.Inmyopinion，__9__noaccountcanweidentifywealthwithhappiness.Ialsobelievethatoneshouldneverreckononlyonwealth__10__(achieve)happiness.【语篇导读】　本文是议论文，主要论述幸福与财富的关系，说明幸福与财富没有多大关系。1．解析　指代前文的mostofthem且与后面的efforts构成修饰关系，故填their。答案　Their2．解析　作定语修饰后面的名词fashions，故填形容词latest(最新的)。答案　latest3．解析　词类转换，作谓语动词turn的宾语，故填其名词形式。答案　admiration4．解析　两者之间没有关联词，必定是填关联词；根据两句之间的逻辑关系应填when。答案　when5．解析　固定搭配，beaddictedto“沉溺于”。答案　to6．解析　引导限制性定语从句，先行词为officials，故填who/that。答案　who/that7．解析　因为people后接turningtothemforhelp，作后置定语，故填the。答案　the8．解析　位于主语后面且缺谓语，故填willbring。答案　willbring9．解析　固定搭配，onnoaccount意为“决不”。答案　on10．解析　从句中已有谓语动词，该空为非谓语动词且作目的状语，故填toachieve。答案　toachievePassage4Moneymaynotbuyyouhappiness，buthavingahappychildhoodcanmakeyoulotsofmoney.Astudyhasfoundthatchildren__1__asunnytemperament(性情)goontoearnmoreasadults，eveniftheirparentswerenoteducatedorhighearners.Andwithinthesamefamily，__2__isthehappiestwhotendtoearnthemost.Thestudyexaminedthehappinesslevelsof90,000childrenandyoungadultsintheU．S.，and__3__(compare)thedatatotheirlevelsofincomeasadults.Evenwhen__4__factorsweretakenintoaccount，theeconomists__5__(carry)outthestudyfoundthathappinesslevelswhenyoungclearlydeterminedhigherearningsinlaterlife.Forexample，those__6__lifesatisfactionincreasedbyonepointonascaleofonetofiveattheageof22werelikelytoearn￡1,200more__7__yearbytheageof29.ProfessorAndrewOswaldofWarwickUniversity，thestudy'scoauthor，said:“Thisresearchprovidesyetanotherreasonfortheneedtocreatean__8__(emotion)healthyhomeenvironment.”Economistshavelongrecognisedthatthosewithhigherincomestendtobe__9__(happy)，butthisisthefirststudywhichshowstheeconomicbenefitsofbeinghappywhenyoung.Theauthorssaidhappierpeopletendedtobemoreproductive，whichmayexplain__10__theywerepromotedmorequicklythantheirmorepessimisticcolleagues.【语篇导读】　研究表明，钱可能买不了幸福，但幸福的童年能够让你长大后赚更多的钱。7\n1．解析　空格后是个名词短语“asunnytemperament”，这个名词短语既不作主语，也不是动词的宾语，那么它的前面就应该是个介词，由它和前面的名词children可知，是指“性情开朗的孩子”，介词短语作定语。答案　with2．解析　由句式结构可知，此句是强调句型。答案　it3．解析　连词and连接并列的两个谓语动词examined和compared。答案　compared4．解析　由上下文可知，幸福快乐的童年是成年后赚钱更多的关键因素，但不是唯一的因素，别的因素也要考虑(takeintoaccount)进去。答案　other5．解析　句中的谓语动词是found，carry就应是非谓语动词了，它的逻辑主语是theeconomists，二者之间是主动关系，用现在分词carrying，分词短语carryingout作定语修饰theeconomists。答案　carrying6．解析　此处是定语从句，先行词是those，由于从句中已有主语lifesatisfaction，那么关系代词就不是who，而是作lifesatisfaction的定语的whose。答案　whose7．解析　此处a有“每一”的意思，...earn￡1,200moreayear，每年多赚1,200英镑。答案　a8．解析　修饰后面的形容词healthy要用副词形式，然后emotionallyhealthy再修饰后面的名词短语homeenvironment。答案　emotionally9．解析　由句意可知，经济学家们认识到收入更高的人往往更幸福，要用比较级。答案　happier10．解析　由句意可知，更快乐的人更高效，这也就是他们为什么比他们那些更悲观的同事更容易获得升迁的原因，why引导一个从句，作谓语动词explain的宾语。答案　whyPassage5Somepeoplehaveverygoodmemories，andcaneasilylearnquitelongpoemsbyheart.Thereareotherpeoplewhocanonlyrememberthings__1__(make)theyhavesaidagainandagain.Agoodmemoryis__2__greathelpinlearningalanguage.Everybodylearnshisownlanguage__3__rememberingwhathehearswhenheisasmallchild.Somechildrendon'tliveintheirowncountry;theyseemtolearntwolanguagesalmostaseasilyas__4__.Inschool，itisnotsoeasytolearnaforeignlanguage__5__studentshavesolittletimeforitandtheyarebusywith__6__lessons，too.Aman'smindisrather__7__acamera，butittakesphotosnotonlyofwhatweseebutalsoof__8__wefeel，hear，smellandtaste.Whenwetakearealphotowithacamera，thereismuchtodowhenthephoto__9__(finish)andreadytoshowtoourfriends.Inthesameway，thereismuchwork__10__(do)beforewecankeepapictureforeverinourminds.【语篇导读】　人的记忆力各不相同，好的记忆力对学习有很大的帮助。人的头脑与照相机一样，必须把所看到的一切东西记在脑海中并加以处理。1．解析　引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语。答案　that/which7\n2．解析　不定冠词泛指“一个”帮手，前后对应。答案　a3．解析　表示方式，手段，后面接动词的ing形式。答案　by4．解析　表示一种语言，与前面对应，说明学两种语言跟学一种语言一样容易。答案　one5．解析　引导原因状语从句，因为后面讲到学生们在学校里学习语言的时间很少。答案　because6．解析　不定代词“其他的，别的”，后面接复数名词。答案　other7．解析　介词“像”，指人的头脑就像照相机一样。答案　like8．解析　作介词of宾语又引导宾语从句，含有两层成分。答案　what9．解析　用一般现在时被动语态，因主语是相片，所以用被动。答案　isfinished10．解析　不定式被动式作定语，修饰work。答案　tobedonePassage6(2022·深圳高三第二次模拟考试)Acouplehadbeenmarriedforover60years.Theysharedeverything，talkedabouteverythingandkeptnosecrets__1__eachotherexceptthatthewomanhadaboxinadrawer__2__shehadcautionedherhusbandnevertoopenoraskherabout.He'dneverthoughtaboutiteversince.Oneday__3__womangotverysickandthedoctorsaidshewouldn'trecover.Tosortouttheiraffairs，thehusbandtookdowntheboxand__4__(bring)ittohiswife'sbedside.Sheagreeditwastimethatheshouldknow__5__wasinthebox.__6__(open)it，hefoundtwosmalltablematsandasumofmoneytotaling$25,000.Heaskedheraboutthecontents.“Whenweweretobemarried，”shesaid，“mygrandmatoldmethesecretofhappy__7__(marry)wasnevertoargue，andIshouldjustkeepquietandmakeamat__8__Igotangrywithyou.”Themanwasso__9__(move)thathehadtofightbacktears.Shehadonlybeenangrywithhimtwiceinallthoseyearsoflivingandloving！“Honey，”hesaid，“thatexplainsthemats，butwhataboutthemoney？Wherediditcomefrom？”“Oh，”shesaid，“that'sthemoneyImadefromselling__10__.”【语篇导读】　本文为记叙文。讲述一对夫妇的故事，妻子临终前把一直对丈夫保密的一个盒子的秘密告诉了丈夫。1．解析　考查介词。固定搭配：keepsthfromsb瞒着某人。句意：他们分享一切，谈论一切，彼此没有秘密。答案　from2．解析　考查定语从句。先行词为abox，故用关系代词which或that都可以。句意：除了那位妇女的一个抽屉里有个盒子，她警告她的丈夫不要打开或问她。答案　that/which3．解析　考查冠词。用定冠词the特指那个妇女。答案　the7\n4．解析　考查动词的时态。由并列连词and可知，此处应用bring的过去式brought作took的并列谓语。答案　brought5．解析　考查宾语从句。此处用what引导宾语从句。句意：她认为是时候让他知道盒子里面是什么东西。答案　what6．解析　考查非谓语动词。open和逻辑主语he是主动关系，此处用现在分词作伴随状语。答案　Opening7．解析　考查词性转换。前有形容词happy修饰，此处应用marry的名词形式marriage，happymarriage：幸福的婚姻。答案　marriage8．解析　考查连词。用if引导条件状语从句或用when引导时间状语从句。句意：如果/当我生你的气时，我应该保持冷静然后做一个垫子。答案　if/when9．解析　考查动词。用动词的过去分词作形容词表示theman的感受，moved：受感动的。答案　moved10．解析　考查代词。用them代替themats。答案　them7