2022外研版英语大一轮复习练习必修四Module 2 Traffic Jam（附解析）

课后双卷·练透提能得分点A卷　单元语基巩固卷Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Thesecuritysystemwillnotpermityoutoenter(enter)withoutthecorrectpassword.2．Hewasborninapoorfamily，andonlyreceivedalimited(limit)educationinhischildhood.3．Itwasgettingdark;Ifoundacarstuck(stick)inapoolbythesideoftheroad.4．HehopedtofindagoodwaytohavehiswrittenEnglishimproved(improve)inashortperiod.5．Eventhoughyoudon'tagreewithher，heradviceisstillworthlistening(listen)to.6．Thehotelisconvenientfor/todowntown.7．Thewebsiteprovidesstudentswithfreeinformationabouthowtochooseagoodcollege.8．Withtherightfoodandnutrition，you'llrecoverfromthefluinnotime.9．Hehadhislegbroken，butheoftengotaroundwiththehelpofastick.10．Afterworkingallday，hewassotiredthathewasinnomoodtogotothepartywithus.Ⅱ.选词填空beconnectedto;innotime;getaround;underconstruction;inagoodmoodAnewmainroad，throughwhichourvillagewill1.beconnectedtothecity，is2.underconstructionnow.Itwillbecompleted3.innotime．Whenitisfinished，itwillbeconvenientforustogotothecityto4.getaround．Wheneverwethinkofit，weare5.inagoodmoodandwearsweetsmiles.getstuckin;haveagoodviewof;keepcool;what'smore;drivesb.madLivingintallbuildings，wecan6.haveagoodviewofthecity.Butsometimeswemay7.be/getstuckinthelift，whichcan8.driveusmad．Ifweencounterthiskindofsituation，themostimportantisto9.keepcool.10.What'smore,weshouldaskforhelpthroughourmobilephones.Weshouldhaveabeliefthathelpwillcomesoon.Ⅲ.完成句子1．再给我一个小时，我就可以找到你要的信息。Givemeonemorehour，andIwillfindtheinformationyouneed.2．在建设中的那座桥有300米长。Thebridgeunderconstructionis300metreslong.3．每位发言者的时限为5分钟。,Eachspeakerwaslimitedtofiveminutes．4．如果天气允许，我们明天就去爬长城。Weatherpermitting/Ifweatherpermits，wewillgototheGreatWalltomorrow.5．河流为全世界的人口提供淡水。Theriversprovidefreshwaterfortheworld'spopulation.6．如今英语在中国被广泛使用，被人们当成他们的外语来说。EnglishiswidelyusedinChinanowadays，spokenbypeopleastheirforeignlanguage．Ⅳ.片段写作——用本单元知识完成小作文完成片段作文词汇句式升级　　①Ifweatherpermits(天气允许)，wewillgotothesuburb(去郊区)totravelnextweekend;inthesuburbthereareavarietyofplantsinview.②Inmyopinion，itcanprovideuswithaquietandrelaxingenvironment(提供给我们安静轻松的环境)，andbringusagoodmood(给我们带来好心情).Astheroadisbeingbuilt，inordernottobestuckintrafficcongestion(陷入交通堵塞)，wewillleaveforourdestination(动身去目的地)at5：00pmnextSaturday.Ifitisconvenientforyou(如果你方便的话)，youarewelcometojoinus.1.用本单元高级词汇替换加黑部分(1)travel→getaround(2)beingbuilt→underconstruction2．按要求改写句式(1)用独立主格结构和定语从句升级句①Weatherpermitting，wewillgotothesuburbtogetaroundnextweekend，wherethereareavarietyofplantsinview.(2)用notonly...butalso...构成的部分倒装升级句②Inmyopinion，notonlycanitprovideuswithaquietandrelaxingenvironment，butalsobringusagoodmood.B卷　高考题型组合卷　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Ⅰ.阅读理解A语篇类型议论文　主题语境人与社会——社会生活——对禁止乘客在地铁上吃喝的条例的不同看法(2020·重庆市高三调研抽测)Travelingbysubwaycansometimesbequiteanadventure，,especiallyduringrushhour.Therearethetimeswhenyouhavetoavoidcupsofcoffeethatcouldspill(溅)onyou.Thesmellsofsomepassengers'foodareverystrong，too.AccordingtotheBeijingsubwaypassengerregulations，whichwentintoeffectonMay15th，passengersexceptbabiesandthesickarenolongerallowedtoeatordrinkonthesubway.Violators(违规者)whodonotstopafterbeingaskedtowillbeaskedtogetoff.Theviolationwillalsoberecordedintheviolators'creditrecord.Somesupporttherule.Thereasonisthatthesmelloffoodanddrinkcanannoyotherpassengers.“Thesmelloffoodfillsthecarriage，causingpeoplediscomfort，especiallyinthehotsummer.Besides，eatingonthesubwayproducesrubbish.Andonthesubway，peopleoftenspilltheirdrinks，”saidZhengYiou，17，astudentfromHefei.However，othersquestionthisrule.“Somecitizenslivesofarfromtheirworkplacesthattheyhavelimitedtimetohavebreakfastbeforetheygotowork.Eatingwhiletheytravelsavesthemtimeanddecreasesthechancethattheywillbelateforwork，”HeSonglin，a17yearoldstudentfromChengdusaid.“Andsomepeople，likethosewithlowbloodsugarlevels，getsickiftheycan'teatwhentheymust.”OtherChinesecitieslikeNanjingandChengduhavesimilarregulations.Someforeigncitiesalsobaneatinganddrinkingonthesubway.Forexample，eatinganddrinkinghavelongbeenbannedonthesubwayinWashington，D.C.Singaporefinespeoplewhoeatordrinkonthesubwayupto500Singaporedollars.ChenYanyan，aprofessorfromBeijingUniversityofTechnology，believedweshouldconsidertheneedofsomepeopletoeatordrinkonthesubway.“Commuters(上班族)andtravelersaresometimestoobusytoeat.MaybewecouldlearnfromTokyo，wheretherearemanysubwaystationsequippedwithservices，allowingpassengerstoeatanddrink，”shesaid.文章大意：《北京市轨道交通乘客守则》规定在地铁上禁止乘客(除了病人和婴儿)吃东西、喝饮料。南京和成都等城市和一些国外的城市也出台了相应的规定。有些人支持这一规定，也有一些人认为在地铁上吃喝能节省时间，避免上班迟到，而且有些人是因为身体原因必须吃喝。北京工业大学的一名教授认为我们可以学习东京地铁站的做法。1．InwhichcityweresubwaypassengerregulationscarriedoutonMay15th?A．Chengdu.　　　　　　　B．Nanjing.C．Washington，D.C.　　　D．Beijing.,解析：D　考查细节理解。根据第二段第一句中的“AccordingtotheBeijingsubwaypassengerregulations，whichwentintoeffectonMay15th”可知，D项正确。2．WhatisthepunishmentforthepassengerswhobreaktherulesinSingapore?A．Eatingonthesubway.B．Drinkingonthesubway.C．Beingfinedheavily.D．Beingaskedtogetoffthetrain.解析：C　考查细节理解。根据第五段尾句“Singaporefinespeoplewhoeatordrinkonthesubwayupto500Singaporedollars.”可知，在新加坡，违规在地铁上吃喝将被罚款最高500新加坡元。故C项正确。3．WhatisChenYanyan'sattitudetoeatingordrinkingonthesubway?A．Worried.　　　B．Sympathetic.C．Doubtful.　　　D．Uninterested.解析：B　考查观点态度。根据尾段内容可知，陈教授认为，我们应当考虑一些人对在地铁上吃喝的需求。上班族和旅客太忙，没有时间吃饭，故应当学习东京的做法，在地铁站配备相应的服务系统，允许乘客在地铁站吃喝；据此可推知，陈教授是赞同在地铁上吃喝的，故B项正确。4．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．FoodandDrinkBannedonSubwayB．TheAdventureofSubwayTravelingC．WaystoEatandDrinkonSubwayD．TheServicesonSubwayStations解析：A　考查标题判断。通读全文可知，本文第二段第一句“AccordingtotheBeijingsubwaypassengerregulations...passengersexceptbabiesandthesickarenolongerallowedtoeatordrinkonthesubway.”为全文的主题句；并结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了《北京市轨道交通乘客守则》的规定，即除婴儿和病人外，乘客不得在地铁上吃喝；并介绍了与此有类似规定的城市的情况及人们对此的态度，故A项最适合作本文标题。【词汇积累】　violatev．违反→violationn．违反→violatorn．违规者　comfortn．舒适，安慰v.安慰→comfortableadj.舒服的，自在的→discomfortn．不舒服；不安v.使不舒服；使不安　questionn．问题　v．怀疑，对……提出质疑,gointoeffect生效　getoff(使某人)离开B语篇类型记叙文　主题语境人与自我——人物故事——挑战一年内不用手机　　RememberVitaminwater's“freeofrollingscreensforayear”challengethatpeopletobefreefromsmartphonesforawholeyearwillwin$100，000?Well，ElanaMugdan，aNewYorkwoman，hasbeenintoitforeightmonths，andjustfourmonthsawayfromclaimingthegrandprize.VitaminwatermadenewsheadlineslastDecemberwhenitannounceditsuniquechallenge.Thousandsofpeopleappliedtobechosenastheperfectcandidatetospendayearwithouttouchingtheirsmartphones，butintheend，theonlypersonwhogottotryandsurvivedforanentireyearwithoutahandheldsmartphonewasElanaMugdan，a29yearoldfictionwriterfromQueens，NewYork.Eightmonthsintothechallenge，sheclaimsithasbeenafreeandeyeopeningexperiencethatshowsherjusthowdependentshebecomesonhersmartphone.Eventhoughtherearetimeswhenshemissesherhandheldsmartphone，sheplanstogoonlivingwithoutitevenafterthechallengeends，becauseshereallydoesn'twanttogobacktodayswhensheoverusedit，wastedtime，stayedupallhoursofthenightonit，andwasobsessedwithsocialmedia.Butnothavingaccesstohersmartphonereallymadecertainsituationsalotharderthanshecouldhaveimaginedthembefore.“Manypeopledidmeafavor.However，once，Ialmostgetstranded(被滞留的)intheSeaTacAirportbecausethephonenumberI'dwrittendownwaswrong，andIhadnowayofreferringtotherightone，nowayofcallingacab，andnooneinthestatewhocouldhelpme，”theyoungwritersaid.Anothertime，hercar's“checkengine”lightturnedonwhileshewasdrivinginanunfamiliarareaatnight.Shecouldn'tuseherphone'sGPS，orevencheckwhatthelightmeantonlineorfindanearbycarrepairshop.Butshelearnedtoovercomethesesituations.Andnowsheclaimsthelasteightmonthsofphonefreelifehavebeenoneofthebestadventuresofherlifeandthatshe'llkeepitforanotherfourmonths.,文章大意：文章讲述了ElanaMugdan在参加Vitaminwater发起的一年不用手机的挑战过程中，所遇到的困难及其感受。5．What'sthechallenge“freeofrollingscreensforayear”？A．Peoplefreefromsmartphonescanlivearicherlife.B．Peoplelivingatelephonefreelifecanbeawardedmoneyeveryyear.C．Peoplelivingwithoutcomputersforayearwillwinagrandprize.D．Peoplespendingayearfreefromsmartphoneswillgetareward.解析：D　考查细节理解。根据第一段第一句中的“challengethatpeopletobefreefromsmartphonesforawholeyearwillwin$100，000”可知，这个挑战要求参加者一年内不使用手机，参加者完成挑战后可以获得奖金。故选D。6．Whichphrasecanreplacetheunderlinedpart“obsessedwith”inParagraph2?A．satisfiedwith　　　B．accustomedtoC．addictedto　　　D．popularwith解析：C　考查词义猜测。根据第二段画线词所在句中的“shereallydoesn'twanttogobacktodayswhensheoverusedit，wastedtime，stayedupallhoursofthenightonit”可知，ElanaMugdan曾经过度使用手机，浪费了时间，并且还熬夜玩手机。此处与上文内容相衔接。由此可以推测出，此处表示她当时对社交媒体非常迷恋，即上瘾。故选C。7．WhatdoesElanaMugdanmainlywanttoexpressinParagraph3?A．It'sfantastictohavesomeonetohelpheralltheway.B．It'sunimaginabletoloseherphonenumberontheway.C．It'sunnecessarytorefertoinformationwithasmartphone.D．It'sdifficulttogetoutofthetroublewithoutasmartphone.解析：D　考查推理判断。根据第三段第一句“Butnothavingaccesstohersmartphonereallymadecertainsituationsalotharderthanshecouldhaveimaginedthembefore.”以及本段所列举的事例可知，ElanaMugdan在第三段想告诉我们，没有手机很难摆脱困境。故选D。8．WhatcanwelearnaboutElanaMugdan?A．Shecouldn'tlivewithoutasmartphone.B．Shefindsnoonecanhelpherintheadventure.C．Shehasnotwonthegrand$100，000prizeyet.D．Sheusedtousehersmartphonetowritefiction.,解析：C　考查细节理解。根据第四段最后一句中的“she'llkeepitforanotherfourmonths”可知，ElanaMugdan还要继续四个月的挑战，由此可知她还没有获得奖金。故选C。【熟词生义】　claim(Para.1)常用义：v.声称例句：Heclaimshewasnotgivenafairhearing.他声称他未得到公正的申诉机会。文章义：v.获得例句：Shehasfinallyclaimedaplaceontheteam.她终于成了那支队的队员。Ⅱ.七选五语篇类型说明文　主题语境人与自然——自我保护——户外遇到蛇的应对策略(2020·合肥市高三第一次质检)LastyearinacrosscountryraceinSanqingMountain，Gentianlefteverybodyfarbehind，butunexpectedlyhefeltasharppainandsawthattherewereteethmarksandbloodonhiscalf(小腿肚).1.Buthedidn'tknowthatitwasapoisonoussnakecalled“fivestepsnake”inChinesethatbithim.Deepinthemountain，withnophone，Gentiankeptrunningwiththeinjuryonhislegfor15minutesandfinallymetalocalfarmer.2.Hehappenedtoknowaboutherbsandmedicine.Immediately，heusedsomeherbalmedicinetodealwithit.Later，theorganizingcommittee'sambulancerushedhimtothelocalhospital.Whatshouldyoudoifyouencounterasnakewhileyouareoutside?Remember：Firstofall，donotexciteit.Datashowthatpeoplewhoexcitesnakesareeasilybitten.3.Second，avoidtheplaceswheresnakesliketostay.Snakesliketosunbatheduringtheday，andusuallystayongravelandcliffedges.Third，ifyouhappentoseeasnakecrossingthroughtheroad，youmuststopandwaitforittopass.4．First，sitdownandtrytoavoidtheacceleration(加速)ofbloodcirculation.Thentiethelimb1030cmabovethewoundwithastrongrope，andmakeacutabout1cmabovethewound.Thecutshouldbe1－2cmwide，andthenyousqueezebloodfromtoptobottom.Generally，snakebitesoccurattheankle.5.Furthermore，besuretocalltheambulanceASAP.A．Hesensedthathissituationwasnotgood.,B．Thenwhattodoifyou'rebittenbyasnake?C．Sostayingstillcanpreventyoufrommeetingasnake.D．Hethoughthishighendshoescouldprotectagainstthesnake.E.However，thosewhorunimmediatelyarelesslikelytobebitten.F．Inthiscasebendingthekneetoreducetheflowofbloodcanbehelpful.G．Despitethelanguagebarrier，heunderstoodwhathadhappened.文章大意：本文主要介绍了在户外遇到蛇时应该如何应对，以及如果被蛇咬如何恰当地处理。1．解析：A　根据空前一句中的“unexpectedlyhefeltasharppainandsawthattherewereteethmarksandbloodonhiscalf(小腿肚).”可知，他突然感到一阵剧痛，接着看到了小腿肚上的牙印和血，由此可知，他应是感觉到他的情况不好，故A项与此处匹配。2．解析：G　G选项中的“heunderstoodwhathadhappened”和空后两句衔接，即主人公和当地农夫之间虽然有语言障碍，但是那位农夫明白发生了什么事，又碰巧那位农夫了解药物，于是马上为他做了处理。3．解析：E　根据空前一句中的“peoplewhoexcitesnakesareeasilybitten”并结合语境可知，空处应是继续说怎样躲避蛇，故E项与此处匹配。4．解析：B　根据该空的位置可知，该空是一个段首句。分析文章结构可知，此处与上一段的段首句“Whatshouldyoudoifyouencounterasnakewhileyouareoutside？”形成呼应，并根据对本段的整体理解可推知，本段主要讲的应是被蛇咬后如何恰当地处理，所以选B项。5．解析：F　根据空前表述的通常蛇会咬脚踝，并结合空后一句可推知，F项与此处匹配，阐述被蛇咬了脚踝之后的应对方法。Ⅲ.语法填空语篇类型记叙文　主题语境人与社会——文学——女词人李清照AcrateronMercurysatquietlyformillionsofyears.Surprisingly，itacquiredaname—LiCh'ingChao，afteraChinesefemalepoetLiQingzhao.TheInternationalAstronomicalUnionnamedthefirstgroupofcratersontheplanetafter310famouswritersandartistsinhumanhistory，Li1.(include).Whatdidshedotodeservesuch2.honor？ComparedwithothermalepoetsinChina，,3havelefthundredsoreventhousandsofpoems，shehasonlyeightyseven.4.，herartisticcreativityinher5.(exist)workshasearnedherapermanentplaceintheChineseliterarycircle.Shegrewupina6.(relative)relaxedatmospherebuthermaiden(少女)daysweresolimitedthattheregretcouldbefeltinherpoem：“Butdon'tyouknow?Ohdon'tyouknow？Theredshouldlanguishandthegreenmustgrow.”ThearrivalanddisappearanceofspringisoneofthemostfrequentthemesinChinesepoetry.Lihadtwomarriages.Thefirstendedupherbeingabandonedduringthewar.7.(bad)still，shesufferedphysicalabusefromhersecondhusband.Bravelyshechargedhimatthecourtandgotthe8.(permit)todivorce.Inthefinalstageofherlife，even9.noonetorelyon，shenevergaveuphopeandcreatedmanyliteraryworksthat10.(leave)forgenerationstoappreciatetodate.文章大意：水星上的一个环形山以中国著名女词人李清照命名，这着实令人惊奇。李清照如何能够享有这份荣誉呢？本文由此对李清照的一生进行了简要的介绍。1．解析：included　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处和句子谓语named之间没有连词，应用非谓语形式，且和其逻辑主语Li构成动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，所以填included。2．解析：an　考查冠词。此处的honor意为“荣誉”，应用不定冠词修饰，且honor的发音以元音音素开头，所以填an。3．解析：who　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰表示人的先行词othermalepoets，所以填who。4．解析：However　考查副词。前一句表述和其他遗作几百甚至几千首的中国男性诗人相比，她只有八十七首，并结合空后的内容可知，此处前后形成转折，且修饰整个句子，所以填However。5．解析：existing　考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处应是形容词修饰名词works，所以填existing“现存的”。6．解析：relatively　考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰形容词relaxed，应用副词形式，所以填relatively。7．解析：Worse　考查比较级。worsestill意为“更糟糕的是”，是固定用法，且符合语境，所以填Worse。8．解析：permission　考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处应为名词，作动词got的宾语，,其前的冠词the对其起限定作用，所以填permission。9．解析：with　考查介词。此处表示甚至尽管没有人可以依靠，故用介词with，意为“尽管，虽然”。10．解析：havebeenleft　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处为定语从句的谓语，关系代词that是从句的主语，指代manyliteraryworks，且空处与从句中的主语that构成被动关系，故用被动语态，即be＋done，又根据时间状语todate可知，应用现在完成时，又主语为复数，所以填havebeenleft。