2022外研版英语大一轮复习练习必修四Module 6 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World（附解析）

课后双卷·练透提能得分点A卷　单元语基巩固卷Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Theanimalwilldefenditselfwhenattacked(attack)bymakingastrangenoise.2．Motherwasworriedaboutwhethershecouldadapttoliving(live)inthemountainousvillagealone.3．Mrs.Greendidn'trealizetherewasagapexisting(exist)betweenherandherson.4．Therearealotofsignsindicating(indicate)menaremorelikelytohaveheartattacksthanwomen.5．Theuniversity，covering(cover)anareaof100squarekilometers，issurroundedwithtreesandflowers.6．Ifanuclearwareverbreaksout，manypeoplewillbeunlikelytosurvive(survive).7．Thepoliceseemtohavefound(find)thenewevidenceofhiscrime，whichmadehimveryworried.8．Thepolicefoundthatitwasdifficulttocalmdowntheangrycrowd.9．Hehasbeenwaitingforachancetomakeafortuneovernight.10．I'llcomestraighttothepoint—yourworkisn'tgoodenough.Ⅱ.选词填空bescepticalabout;berelatedto;throwlighton/upon;dieoutThereexistsaproblemwhysomanyspecieshave1.diedout.Asforit，somescientiststhinkit2.isrelatedtoextremeclimatechange，whileothers3.arescepticalaboutit.However，neithersidecanhelp4.throwlighton/upontherealreason.Hopefully，withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology，therealreasonwillcometolight.Ilikereadingand5.gofortravelling，becausebytravellingIcanrelaxmyselfandget6.closetonature.OnceIvisitedamountainousvillage，whichisalmost7.cutofffromtheoutsideworld.8.Duetothefactthatthescenerytherewasamazinglybeautiful，Istayedforalmostamonth.Ⅲ.完成句子1．让我们谈正题吧，因为我们没有足够的时间。Let'scomestraighttothepointbecausewedon'thaveenoughtime.,2．你的发言并没有说明问题。Yourstatementdoesnotthrowlightonthesubject．3．在商圈，信息对每个人都很有价值。Informationisofgreatvaluetoeveryoneinthebusinessworld.4．这一地区的许多犯罪都与滥用毒品有关。Muchofthecrimeinthisareaisrelatedtodrugabuse．5．他可能会给你更多的帮助，即使他很忙。Hemighthavegivenyoumorehelp，eventhoughhewasbusy.6．据说幽默不仅影响病人的情绪，而且还有助于病人快速康复。Itisclaimedthathumornotonlyaffectspatients'moods，butalsohelpsthemrecoverfaster.Ⅳ.片段写作——用本单元知识完成小作文完成片段作文词汇句式升级　　Therearemanymysteriousevents(许多神秘之事)inBermudaTriangle，whichisconsideredtobeoneofthemostunpredictableplaces(最变化莫测的地方之一)intheworld.①In1981，aboatwithsixpeoplesuddenlydisappeared(突然消失)whenpassingtheBermudaTriangle，anditmadesailorsveryafraid.Everyonedoubtswhethertheyarefortunatetobealive(有幸活着).Surprisingly，theboatappearedagaineightyearslaterinthesamespot，withallthesixpeoplestillaliveonboard.②Theyclaimedthattheywereunlikelytohavebeenlost(不可能失踪)，becausetothem，eightyearswasjustaminute.Noevidencehasthrownlightonthemystery(帮助弄清楚这个谜)sofar.1.用本单元高级词汇替换加黑单词(1)are→exist(2)afraid→frightened(3)doubts→isscepticalabout2．按要求改写句式(1)用非限制性定语从句升级句①In1981，aboatwithsixpeoplesuddenlydisappearedwhenpassingtheBermudaTriangle，whichmadesailorsveryfrightened.(2)用主语从句升级句②It'sclaimedthattheywereunlikelytohavebeenlost，becausetothem，eightyearswasjustaminute.B卷　高考题型组合卷　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,Ⅰ.阅读理解A语篇类型应用文　主题语境人与社会——社会生活——2020伦敦马拉松比赛　　Q1：Whendoesthe2020VirginMoneyLondonMarathontakeplace?A：The2020VirginMoneyLondonMarathontakesplaceonSunday，26April.Q2:Ihavemoved.HowdoIletyouknowmychangeofaddress?A：Pleaseemailchangeofaddress@londonmarathonevents.co.ukwithyourname，dateofbirth，telephonenumber，oldaddressandyournewaddress.Q3：IneedahotelinLondonfortheweekendoftherace—anyadvice?A：VirginMoneyLondonMarathonhotelpackagesareavailableatHolidayInnRandotherIHGhotelsinandaroundLondon，andincludeabreakfastandleadingyoutothestartsoyouarriverestedandreadytocompete.Visitrestandrun.holidayinn.comtofindoutmore.Q4：Iamavisuallydisabledrunner.WherecanIfindoutmoreaboutrunningwithaguide?A：Ifyouarearunnerwithavisualdisabilityandwouldliketofindoutmoreaboutrunningwithaguide，pleasecontactdisability@londonmarathonevents.co.uk.Q5:Whattimedoestheracestart?A：Starttimesforthe2020VirginMoneyLondonMarathonareasfollows：08：55—EliteWheelchairRaces09：00—WorldParaAthleticsMarathonWorldCupambulantraces09：15—TheEliteWomen'sRace10：00—TheEliteMen'sRace，BritishAthletics&EnglandAthleticsMarathonChampionshipsandMassRaceQ6:WhattimedoIneedtogettothestart?A：Wesuggestyougettothestartatleastonehourbeforetheracebegins.Thiswillallowtimeforyoutousethefacilities，warmupandtakeyourposition.Q7：CanItrackarunnerduringtherace?,A：Yes.Onraceday，therewillbealinktoourtrackingserviceonthehomepageofwww.virginmoneylondonmarathon.com.Thebestwaytotrackarunnerisbyusingtherunner'srunningnumber.Ifyoudonothavetherunningnumber，itisalsopossibletosearchforarunnerbysurname.文章大意：本文通过问答的形式介绍了2020伦敦马拉松比赛的一些信息。1．Whichaddressshouldyoucontactifyouneedtorunwithaguide?A．restandrun.holidayinn.com.B．disability@londonmarathonevents.co.uk.C．www.virginmoneylondonmarathon.com.D．changeofaddress@londonmarathonevents.co.uk.解析：B　考查细节理解。根据Q4部分的内容可知，要跟着指引者一起跑，需联系disability@londonmarathonevents.co.uk，故选B项。2．IfAnnattendstheEliteWomen'sRace，what'sthebesttimetogettothestart?A．08：10.　　　　　　　　　B．09：05.C．09：10.　　　D．09：15.解析：A　考查细节理解。根据Q5部分中的“09：15－TheEliteWomen'sRace”和Q6部分中的“Wesuggestyougettothestartatleastonehourbeforetheracebegins”可知，比赛前最好提前至少一个小时到达起跑线，故选A项。3．Howcanwetrackarunnerduringtherace?A．Withtheaddress.B．Withtherunningnumber.C．Withthefirstname.D．Withthetelephonenumber.解析：B　考查细节理解。根据Q7部分中的“Thebestwaytotrackarunnerisbyusingtherunner'srunningnumber”可知，跟踪运动员的最佳方式就是使用运动员身上的号码，故B项正确。B语篇类型说明文　主题语境人与自然——人与动植物——保护米切尔眼蝶,　　(2020·福州市高三适应性练习)Thismorningwe'regoingtoheadoffdownintothewetland，averyspecifickindofwetlandcalledthePrairiefen.YoucanfindNateFullercountingbutterflies.TheSarettNatureCenterneedsanaccuratecountofMitchell'ssatyrbutterfliestohelppreserveoneoftheirlastknownhabitats.They'reveryparticularaboutthekindofhabitatwheretheycanlive，whichispartofwhatmakesthemsorareandamazingindicatorsforourwaterquality.Today，SarettexpertAshleyColeWickwithMichigan'sNaturalFeaturesInventoryhelpsFullercount.Shesays，“WhenIfirststartedworkingonthebutterflyin2013，wehad18populationsandin2019，wehad10.”TheMitchell'ssatyrbutterflywentontheendangeredspecieslistin1991.Initiallyitwasthoughtthatlossofwetlandscontributedtotheirdecline.Fullersays，“It'snotjusthabitatavailability.Thequantityandqualityofgroundwatercomingintothesewetlandsseemtoheachallengeforthebutterfly.Nothinghasallbeensortedoutexactly.”Whilethedeclineislikelyacombinationoffactors，thefactthatwaterqualitymightcontributeisalarmingbecausethewetlandsaretheheadwatersfortheMidwest'sriversandstreams.Acaptivebreeding(人工繁殖)programwasstartedfouryearsagoattheToledoZootohelpgettothebottomofthemystery.TodayDirectorRyanWalshwhoheadstheprogramsaysit'sbeentheonlysuccessfulcaptivebreedingprogram.Thecaterpillars(毛毛虫)spentthewinterinaspecialweathercontrolroomthathelpeddeterminetheMitchell'ssatyrsdon'tdowellbelow4.4degreesCelsius.Withthatknowledge，theprogramproduced1，300neweggs，adevelopmentthatmaygoalongwaytowardrestoringthepopulation.Andifallgoeswell，mayonedaytheMitchell'ssatyrbutterflyearnaticketofftheendangeredspecieslist.文章大意：最初人们认为湿地的丧失导致米切尔眼蝶数量减少，但专家经过研究发现，地下水的数量和质量似乎也是其数量减少的原因；研究人员于4年前开始了一个人工繁殖项目来探索其减少的原因，之后该项目培育出很多米切尔眼蝶虫卵，这样一来，米切尔眼蝶有望脱离濒危物种名单。4．Whataretheindicatorsforthewaterquality?A．Thehabitats.　　　B．Thebutterflies.C．Thewetlands.　　　D．Theexperts.解析：B　考查细节理解。根据第二段第三句“They'reveryparticularabout...amazingindicatorsforourwaterquality.”可知，米切尔眼蝶对自己居住的栖息地的种类很挑剔，,这使得它们如此稀少并成为水质的指标，故选B项。5．Whatisthemainideaofthethirdparagraph?A．Theimportanceofwaterquality.B．Actionstakentoprotectthebutterflies.C．Thereasonswhythenumberofbutterfliesdecline.D．Thenaturalconditionsforthebutterflies.解析：C　考查段落大意。根据第三段内容可知，最初人们认为湿地的丧失导致米切尔眼蝶的数量减少，但是Fuller认为不仅是湿地，地下水的数量和质量也是其减少的原因，由此可知，本段主要讲述米切尔眼蝶数量减少的原因，故选C项。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“restoring”inParagraph4mostprobablymean?A．Preserving.　　　B．Increasing.C．Recovering.　　　D．Controlling.解析：C　考查词义猜测。根据画线词所在句中的“theprogramproduced1，300neweggs，adevelopmentthatmaygoalongway”可知，人工繁殖项目产出1，300个新卵，又结合米切尔眼蝶是濒危物种可推知，这是恢复眼蝶数量的一个新的进展，故选C项。7．Whatcanwelearnaboutthebutterfly?A．Itcaneasilybefound.B．Itisnotendangerednow.C．Itwilldieabove4.4degreesCelsius.D．Itcanbebredbyhumans.解析：D　考查细节理解。根据最后一段第一句的内容和倒数第二句“Withthatknowledge，theprogramproduced1，300...thepopulation.”可知，米切尔眼蝶可以人工培育，故选D项。Ⅱ.七选五语篇类型说明文　主题语境人与自我——完善自我——如何培养自信(2020·长沙市高三模拟)HowtoCultivateConfidence?Whenfacedwithabigchallengewherepotentialfailureseemstoappearateverycorner，maybe,you'llhearthisadvice：Bemoreconfident.1.Takethebeliefthatyouarepreciousandcapable，alsoknownasselfesteem.Confidenceturnsthoughtsintoaction.Itcomesfromthegenesyouarebornwith，thewaypeoplegetusedtotreatingyouaswellasthechoicesyoumake.Whileitisn'tpossibletocompletelyseparatethesethreefactors，thepersonalchoiceswemakeobviouslyplayamajorroleinconfidencedevelopment.Asaresult，bykeepingcertainpracticaltipsinmind，wedoactuallyhavethepowertocultivateourownconfidence.2．Ifyou'relookingforalongtermchange，considerthewayyouthinkaboutyourabilitiesandtalents.Doyouthinktheyarefixedatbirth，orthattheycanbedeveloped？Thesebeliefsmatterbecausetheycaninfluencehowyouactinthefaceofsetbacks.Ifyouhaveafixedmindset，meaningthatyourtalentsarelockedintheplace，youmightgiveup，assumingyou'vediscoveredsomethingyou'renotgoodat.Butifyouhaveagrowthmindset，andthinkyourabilitiescanimprove，achallengewillbecomeanopportunitytolearnandgrow.Neuroscience(神经科学)supportsthelatter.Theconnectionsinyourbraindogetstrongerandgrowwithstudyandpractice.3.Practicingfailureisamust.Failurehappens.4.J．K.RowlingwasrejectedbytwelvedifferentpublishersbeforeonepickedupHarryPotter.TheWrightbrothersbuiltonhistory'sfailedattemptsatflightbeforedesigningasuccessfulairplane.Studiesshowthatthosewhofailregularlyandkeeptryinganywayarebetterequippedtorespondtochallengesinconstructiveways.5.So，thinkofachallengeyouwanttotakeon，realizeit'snotgoingtobeeasy，acceptthatyou'llmakemistakes，andbekindtoyourselfwhenyoudo.You'llfeeltheexcitement，knowingthatwhatevertheresult，you'llhavegainedgreaterknowledgeandunderstanding.A．Butwhatisconfidence?B．Socanconfidencebeeasilycultivated?C．Everyoneispossibletoencounterfailure.D．Beingatalentedpersonisquitenecessary.E．Theylearntotrydifferentstrategiesandpersevere.F．Believinginyourabilitiestoimproveisthefirststep.G．Italsoturnsoutthatpeoplewithagrowthmindsetarebetteratdealingwithchallenges.文章大意：文章主要介绍了两条非常实用的培养自信心的建议：第一，相信自己的能力可以提高；第二，从失败中汲取经验教训。1．解析：A　前一句给出要更加自信的建议，后一句是说相信自己是有价值的，,有能力的，这也是自尊，故A项“但是什么是自信？”符合语境，衔接上下文。2．解析：F　根据文章结构和空处所在位置可知，空处为该段的主题句。第一段最后一句是说要记住几条实用的建议，第二段第一句话应该是第一条建议，并结合该段的内容可知，本段主要讲述要相信自己的能力可以提高，故F项“相信你的能力能提高是第一步”符合语境。3．解析：G　根据上文中的“Butifyouhaveagrowthmindset...growwithstudyandpractice.”可知，如果你有成长的心态，认为你的能力可以提高，一项挑战将变成学习和成长的机会，你大脑里的联系就会更强并且随着学习和练习而增加，由此可知，空处应是进一步说明有成长心态的人的优势，故G项符合语境。4．解析：C　空前一句是说失败很常见；空后两句又举例说明一些名人在成功前遭遇的失败，故C项“每个人都有可能经历失败”符合语境，衔接上下文。5．解析：E　空前一句是说那些经常失败但一直坚持的人会积极应对挑战，故E项“他们学着尝试不同的策略并坚持不懈”符合语境。Ⅲ.短文改错Tosupporttheactivityname“GreenTravel，StartwithMe”，Italktomyparentsaboutmyideas.Theywereverysupportive，saytheywouldnotdriveworkfromthenon.Inthefollowingweeks，astheypromised，Iwenttoschoolbybikeeveryday，whilemyparentswenttoworkbybus.Thoughweweretired，butweallfelthappily.LastFriday，theclassmeetingwasheld.Someparentswereinvited，includingmyfatherandmother.Wesharedourthoughtduringthemeeting.Allofusheldthesameviewwhichenvironmentalprotectionissoimportantforourlife.解析：①第一句：name改为named。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词name与theactivity之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式。②第一句：talk改为talked。考查动词的时态。根据文章内容可知，全文讲述的是发生在过去的事情，使用的时态都为一般过去时，所以此处也应该用一般过去时。③第二句：say改为saying。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，say和其逻辑主语They之间为主谓关系，故用其现在分词形式saying。④第二句：drive后加to。考查介词。此处表示“开车去上班”，故用介词to“向，朝”。⑤第三句：they改为we。考查代词。根据语境可知，此处表示正如我们许诺的一样，而非他们。⑥第四句：删除but。考查连词。Though和but不能连用，故删除but。,⑦第四句：happily改为happy。考查形容词。此处感官动词felt作系动词，后应接形容词作表语。⑧第五句：the改为a。考查冠词。此处在文中第一次提到，表泛指，表示“举行了一次班会”，又class的发音以辅音音素开头，故用a。⑨第七句：thought改为thoughts。考查名词的单复数。此处thought意为“看法”，为可数名词，此处表示“我们的看法”，为复数概念，应该用复数形式。⑩第八句：which改为that。考查同位语从句。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，此处引导的从句解释说明thesameview，作其同位语，且此处引导词不作句子成分，仅起连接作用，故用that。