Unit 7 Abilities 知识清单（预习 复习 知识点巩固练习）2024-2025学年牛津译林版八年级英语上册

8AUnit7Seasons重点笔记知识清单一、ComicstripandWelcometotheunit.1.bringmemyclothes把我的衣服带给我bringsb.sth.=bringsth.tosb.把某物带来给某人2.Ibetyou’lllookcoolandfeelcoolwithnothingon!【结构：with+宾语+形容词（作宾补）】我打赌你会看起来很酷，而且什么不穿你会感觉很凉爽。①bet后常接(that)宾语从句；bet→过去式：bet;现在分词：betting②Youlookcoolinthiscoat.=Thiscoatlookscoolonyou.③Goldfishsleepwitheyesopen.3.It’sthebesttimetoplayfootballoutside.它是在外面踢足球的最好时节。4.insummer在夏季/天5.enjoyicecream享受冰淇淋→anicecream一个冰淇淋Ｓ（主语）Ｖi（不及物动词）句意1Thegirlsaresinginginthemusicroom.那些女孩正在音乐教室唱歌。2Thesunrisesintheeast.太阳在东方升起。3Thebusstopped.公共汽车停了。4Theytalkedforhalfanhour.他们谈了半个小时。【icecream既是可数,又是不可数】二、Reading1.Winterdaysarefullofsnow.冬日满天雪。【befullof=befilledwith装满了.....】2.flyfaraway飞向遥远的地方3.findawarmandsunnyday找到一个温暖而又阳光明媚的天气4.thedaysofspring春天5.bewindyandbright风和日丽6.Whataperfecttimetoflyakite!多好的放风筝的时节呀！7.playamongtheflowers穿梭花丛中8.hidefromtheAprilshowers躲避四月的阵雨9.thosesweetmemoriesofsummerdays夏日的那些甜蜜回忆ＳＶt及物O句意1Tomknowstheanswer.汤姆知道答案。2Heismakingacake。他正在做蛋糕。3Heenjoysreading.他喜欢看书。4Iwanttodrinktea.我想喝茶.5IthinkthatTomisright.我认为汤姆是对。10.quietstreamsandtreesandshade静静的溪流、树木和树荫处11.lazyafternoonsbyapool水池边懒散的下午12.Eatingicecreamtofeelcool.吃着冰淇淋去解暑。13.autumnleavesturnbrown秋天的树叶变成棕色14.fallintopilesupontheground（树叶）成堆地落到地上15.harvestcrops收获庄稼16.asthedaysareshorter随着白天变短【重点】as作连词时意为：随着.....，当.....时候。后接时间装语从句Eg:①Astimegoesby....随着时光流逝......②Fathergothomewhile/as/whenIwaswatchingTV.当我在看电视时，爸爸回到了家。17.Itwillbeanewyearonceagain.新的一年重新开始。18.rhymewith....和…押韵19.brownleavesfallontheground棕色的树叶落到地上20.Whitesnowcoversthewholeearth.（主动语态）白雪覆盖了整个地球。→Thewholeearthiscoveredwithwhitesnow.（被动语态）整个地球被白雪覆盖了。21.thetemperaturewilldropbelowzero温度将降到零度以下【drop下降→过云式：dropped】①dropto-3degrees降到零下三度→riseto30degrees升到30度②stayabovezero保持在零度才上③对温度提问：---What’sthetemperatureoftoday?---It’ssevendegreesbelowzero．④drop作名词:滴;降落eg:adropofwater一滴水22.undertheshadeoftrees在树荫下23.bebusyharvestingcrops忙于收获庄稼【重点句型】★bebusydoingsth.=bebusywithsth.忙于做某事三、Grammar【语法】A.动词与句子结构（英语中的五种基本句型）。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。英语五种基本句型列式如下：①基本句型一：S＋Ｖi（主＋谓）②基本句型二:S＋Ｖt＋O（主＋谓＋宾）③基本句型三:S＋LinkＶ＋P（主＋谓＋表）④基本句型四:S＋Ｖt＋IO＋DO（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）⑤基本句型五：S＋Ｖt＋DO＋OC（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）(1)基本句型一：Ｓ＋Ｖ（主＋谓）→Ｓ＋Ｖi（主＋谓）此句型有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。★常用的不及物动词（vi.)：stop,dance,sing,look,listen,travel,arrive,run,swim,jump,rise,laugh,cry,fly,come,go,fall等。(2)基本句型二:Ｓ＋Ｖ＋O（主＋谓＋宾）→Ｓ＋Ｖt＋DO（主＋谓＋宾）此句型的共同点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。★特殊情况：有的语法认为：主语+不及物的动词+介词+宾语可以构成主谓宾结构。因为不及物动词+介词，相当于及物动词用法。如：（1）Ilistentoyou.(人称代词作宾语）（2）He,looksatadog.(名词作宾语）(3)基本句型三：Ｓ＋Ｖ＋Ｐ（主＋谓＋表）→Ｓ＋LinkＶ＋Ｐ（主＋谓＋表）ＳLinkＶP1Thisisabook.（名词）2Thefishsmellsgood.（形容词）3Sheseemsunhappy.（形容词）4Autumnleavesturnbrown.（形容词）5Mydreamistobeadoctor.（不定式）此句型有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：一类表示情况如be,look,sound,smell,taste,stay,feel,keep,seem等；另一类，表示变化如get,grow,become,turn,get等。be本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。★本结构是由主语+系动词+表语组成。系动词有:（1）表示特征和存在状态的：be,seem,feel,look,smell,taste,sound;（2）表示状态延续的：stay,keep（3）表示状态变化的become,get,turn,go,run,fall,come,grow(4)基本句型四:Ｓ＋Ｖt＋IO＋DO（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）此句型有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动的直接承受者（多指物），另一个是动作的间接承受者（多指人）。ＳＶt（及物动词）IO（间接宾语，常为人）DO（直接宾语，常为物）1Motherismakingmeanewdress.2Heboughthissonanewbike.3Theyofferedusmuchhelp.4Iamshowinghimmyphotos.5Jacktellsusfunnystories.★当这一间接承受者放在直接承受者之后时，要用一个介词（for或to）来连接。可以用于这种句式动词主要有：(A)buy/build/catch/cut/choose/cook/find/get/keep/make/draw/do【用for】如：Heboughtmeanewbike.也可以改为forsb.的句式=Heboughtanewbikeforme.(B)give/take/send/bring/teach/show/tell/pay/write/read/sell/lend/pass/return/throw/offer/hand【用to】如：Shelentmeabook.也可以改为tosb.的句式=Shelentabooktome.(C)provide【用for,with】:providesb.withsth.=providesth.forsb.注意：当两宾语都为代词时，必须用介词把人放后面。Eg：Pleasegiveittome.(5)基本句型五:S＋Ｖ＋DO＋OC→S＋Ｖt＋DO＋OC（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）ＳＶt（及物动词）DO（直接宾语）OC(宾语补足语）1IfindEnglisheasy.(形容词)2Tomoftenmakesushappy.(形容词)3IthinkKateaclevergirl.(名词短语)3Tomoftenmakesuslaugh.(不定式)4Heaskedmetocomebacksoon.(不定式)5WecallherXiaoLi.(名词)8Isawthemdancing.(现在分词短语)此句型的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整，补足语说明宾语的状态或情况或动作由宾语去执行，宾语补足语可能是：形容词、名词、动词不定式或现在分词短语等。★可以用于这种句式的动词主要有:(A)let/have/makesb.dosth.　　(B)ask/want/tell/allow/wish/get/expect/encourage/invite/teachsb.todosth.(C)find/see/hear/watch/notice/feelsb.dosth./sb.doingsth.(D)helpsb.(to)dosth(E)find/keep/think/make/leave/wish+宾语+形容词或名词性短语(作宾补)【语法】B.重点短语句型1.fallfrommorningtillnight(雨)从早下到晚【fall倒下、掉下→过云式：fell】2.kicktheball踢球3.catchabadcold=haveabadcold得了重感冒4.haveahighfever发高烧5.coughalot咳嗽厉害6.Itwasanawfulday!这是多糟糕的一天啊！四、Integratedskills1.listentotheweatherreportontheradio在收音机上听天气报告2.snowstormsfromthenorth来自北方的暴风雪3.arriveinthelateafternoon午后晚些时候到达4.dropto-10℃降到零下十度【-10℃读作：tendegreesbelowzero或minustendegrees】5.bemainlydryandsunny以干燥和阳光为主6.bearound9℃duringtheday白天期间大约9度7.withtemperatureinthethirties（伴随）气温三十几度【拓展】inone’s+数词复数→在某人几十岁时eg:inhis30s/thirties在他三十几岁时8.staywithusfortherestoftheweek这周剩下的日子和我们待一起9.daytimetemperaturearound18or19degrees,白天的气温大约18或者19度10.thehighest(lowest)temperature最高(底)气温11.stayabovezero保持在零度以上12.duringthistimeofyear在每年的这个时节里13.HowistheweatherinNanjing?=What’stheweatherlikeinNanjing?南京的天气如何？14.Howareyoudoing?你过的怎样？15.astrongsnowstorm一场强暴风雪16.abitcold=alittlecold一点冷【回顾：abitofmilk=alittlemilk】【区分】★在修饰形容词或副词时：abit=alittle★在修饰不可数名词时：abitof=alittle17.blowhard猛烈地吹【blow吹→过云式：blew】18.speakloud=speakloudly大声说【speaklouder=speakmoreloudly】注：【readaloud大声读】【loud形容词或副词；aloud和loudly为副词】Eg:Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.事实胜于雄辩。19.ringsb.(up)=callsb.(up)=phonesb.=telephonesb.=makeatelephonecalltosb.给某人打电话【ring→过云式：rang】20.---Sorry,Ican’thearyou.---That’sOK.没关系。用英语表达“没关系”的方式：(1).That'sOK!没关系！(2).That'salright!没关系！(3).It'snothing!没什麼！(4).Nevermind!没关系！别放在心上！(5).Itdoesn'tmatter!没关系！21.比较：①ItwillbesunnyinNewYork.②TherewillbeshowersinSydney.★【区分】①Itwillberainy(形）tomorrow.【Itwillbe+形容词】②Therewillberain（名）tomorrow.【Therewillbe+名词】五、Studyskills名词+y构成形容词。直接+y直接+ycloudcloudyluckluckywindwindyhealthhealthyrainrainysleepsleepy（困倦的、想睡的）snowsnowysportsporty(爱好运动的)storm(暴风雨)stormy(有暴风雨的)frost(霜冻)frosty(有霜冻的)双写最后辅音字母后+y去掉不发音的e后+ysunsunnyshine(光亮)shiny(闪闪发光的)fogfoggynoisenoisyfunfunnyiceicy(结冰的;冰冷的)重点短语句型：1.covertheirfaceswithscarves用围巾捂/盖住脸【注：scarf→复数：scarves或scarfs】2.Thehightemperaturemakespeoplesleepy.高温让人们昏昏欲睡。3.thesuddenheavyrain那场突如其来的大雨【注：sudden形容词→副词：suddenly】4.causealotofproblems引起许多问题【重点】①cause作动词：引起，使发生→常与leadto同义转化②cause作名词：原因（与reason使用时有区别）★Carelessnessisthecauseofhisfailure.粗心是他失败的原因。★Thereasonforthefloodwasthatheavyrain.那场大雨是发生洪水的原因。5.thebestseasonoftheyear一年中最好季节6.haveashorttriparoundthecity进行环城的短途旅游7.onsnowydays在下雪的日子六、Task1.becoveredindeepwhitesnow被深深的白雪覆盖2.have(big)snowballfights打雪仗3.Wethrowsnowballsateachother,screamingandlaughing.【现在分词短语作伴随状语】我们互相扔雪球,（同时）伴随着尖叫声、大笑声。【throw→过云式：threw】①throwsnowballsateachother互相扔雪球【throwsth.atsb.朝某人仍某物】②screamingandlaughing★现在分词短语作伴随状语：表示此动作伴随其它动作同时发生。前在常有一个逗号。Eg:Theteachercameintotheclassroom,holdingabookinhishand.老师走进教室的同时，伴随着另一动作：手里拿着一本书。=Theteachercameintotheclassroomwithabookinhishand.4.makeasnowman/makesnowmen堆雪人【注：snowman合成词→复数：snowmen】5.usecarrotsfortheirnoses用胡萝卜做鼻子【★usesth.forsth.】【重点】★usesth.todosth.=usesth.fordoingsth.Eg:Weusethekeytoopenthedoor.=Weusethekeyforopeningthedoor.=Weopenthedoorwiththekey.6.theIceFestival冰雪节七、书面表达你所在的班级正在开展作文比赛，要求你以四季的气候以及你们在四季的户外活动写一篇短文。提示：1．春天，风和日丽，是放风筝的好时节；蜜蜂和蝴蝶在花丛中飞舞；,2．夏天，最高温度可达380C，懒散的下午，你喜欢坐在树荫下吃冰淇淋；3．秋天，随着白天变短，温度下降了；农民们忙于收获庄稼；4．冬天，比较冷，经常下雪，大家不得不穿上厚实衣服来保暖，但可以打雪仗，堆雪人。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________知识点测试一、单项选择（共20小题;每小题1分，计20分）1.–-____badweatheritwasyesterday!--Yes.Therainwasfallingallthetime.Itwas_____awfulday!A.Whata,aB.Whata,anC.What,aD.What,an2.______hotdays,peoplewillfeelcool_______clothesmadeofsilk.A.In,onB.On,inC.In,inD.On,on3.---____doestheweatherchangewhensummercomes?---Itgetswarmeranditrainsmoreoften.A.WhyB.WhatC.WhenD.How4.Inmyhometown,lotsoftreesare__________greenleavesallyearround.A.fullwithB.fullofC.fillwithD.filledof5.Whenwintercomes,thetemperaturewillget__________.A.lowerandlowerB.higherandhigherC.colderandcolderD.shorterandshorter6.Theweatherreportsaysitwillbe________andtherewillbe________tomorrow.A.wind,cloudsB.windy,cloudyC.wind,cloudyD.windy,clouds7.---Hello,who’sthatspeaking?---________.A.ThatisJane.B.ThisisKangkangspeaking.C.I’mMikeD.SheisMaria8.----_________---It’ssunnytoday.A.Howwastheweather?B.Howareyoudoing?C.Howistheweatherlike?D.What’stheweatherlike?9.Ijusthave_________money.Ican’tlendittoyou.A.alotofB.alittleofC.abitofD.abit10.Onthewayhome,thetwoboyswalkedhappily,________.A.singinganddancedB.sanganddancedC.singinganddancingD.sanganddancing11.WhenMr.Greenaskedhertoanswerthequestion,herface_________red.A.lookedB.turnedC.seemedD.felt12.Ilookedformywatch_______,butIcouldn’tfindit________.A.anywhere,everywhereB.somewhere,everywhereC.everywhere,anywhereD.everywhere,somewhere13.---Tomlikesplayingthepiano,doesn’the?---Ithinkso.Iheardhim________whenIwalked_______hisroomjustnow.A.playing,passB.play,passC.toplay,pastD.playing,past14.InJuly,thesun____atabouthalfpastfiveinthisarea.Soweshouldstartearlybeforeitgetstoohot.A.raisesB.dropsC.fallsD.rises15.“Farmersharvestcrops．”Thestructureofthissentenceis____________．A.S+VB.S+V+PC.S+V+OD.S+V+IO+DO,16.Thesentencestructureof“Mymumcookedmeanicemealyesterday.”is_____.A.S+V+OB.S+V+PC.S+V+DO+IOD.S+V+IO+DO17.Inspring,helikestosit_____theriverandwatchthebeesplay____flowers.A.by;withB.by;amongC.along;amongD.along;with18.Eightypercentoftheclass____mostoftheworknow.Therestofthework____reallydifficult.A.isdoing,isB.aredoing,areC.aredoing,isD.isdoing,are19.—_______isthetemperaturetomorrow?—Ithinkitwillbemuch_________.A.What;lowB.What;higherC.How,lowerD.How,high20.—Mum,Idon’tquiteunderstandtheChinesesaying.—Dear,don’tworry._______theyearsgoby,youwillgettoknowit.A.AsB.WhileC.SinceD.Until二、词汇运用（共20空；每空1分，满分20分）A）根据句子意思和汉语或字母提示，填写正确的单词。1.Peopledon’tlike__________(有雾的)days.Theycan’tseeanythingclearlyontheroad.2.Thereisaquiet___________(小溪)beforeTom’soldhouse.3.Lastmonth,itkeptraining_____________(到处)inmyhometown.4.Whenthefamoussingerbegantosingforus,thepeople____________(惊呼)excitedly.5.Themanspokel___________enoughforeveryonetohearclearly.B）根据句子意思，用所给单词的适当形式填空。1.WeshouldlearnEnglishwellandmostofusknowthe___________(important)oftheEnglishstudy.2.Aftertheworkerskeptworkingforeighthours,theyfelt__________(sleep)andstoppedtohavearest.3.It’s________(nature)thatteenagers（青少年）maysometimesquarrel（争吵）withtheirparents.4.Thehorseswererunning__________(wild)whentheyheardalioncoming.5.Thetelephonekeptringingforalongtime,butIdidn’tanswerit.Iamwonderingwhothe__________(call)canbe.6.Weshouldn’tshouttotheoldwoman_________(polite),becausewemadeitwrongourselves.7.Someonewillbe____________(welcome)inthelibraryifhemakesmuchnoise.8.Let’sgooutforawalkifit___________(notbe)rainytomorrow.9.Theboy_________(drop)somelitteronthegroundamomentago.Ithinkhe’swrong.10.I'llfindoutwhenandwhere(go)climbing.11.Afterwalkingforalongtime,Ifeltmuch_______________(thirsty).12.Themeatsmells____________(terrible)inthebowl.Throwitaway.13.Myhomeisfullofpeopletoday,becauseitismymother’s______________(fifty)birthday.14.Doyoumind(show)mehowtousethenewmobilephone?15.On___________(woman)Day,childrenoftengivetheirmothersnicepresents.三、翻译句子。(每句2分，共12分)1.打雪仗很激动人心。Itis__________to______________________________.2.在冬天，我们经常尖叫着，欢笑着，互相朝对方扔雪球。Inwinter,weoften______________snowballsateachother,____________and_______________.3.万物被厚厚的白雪覆盖。Everything_____________________________thickwhitesnow.4.街上许多人必须用围巾遮住脸。Peopleinthestreet_____________________________theirfaces_________________.5.雨从早上一直下到晚上，阻止了我们的外出。Therainwasfalling_______morning________night,soitpreventedus________________out.6.上周汤姆得了重感冒，在医院呆了三天。Tom_______a_______________lastweekandhestayed______________forthreedays.