Unit 6 知识清单（预习 复习 知识点巩固练习）2024-2025学年牛津译林版八年级英语上册

8AUnit6Birdwatching知识清单一、ComicstripandWelcometotheunit.1.gobirdwathcing=gotowatchbirds去观鸟2.gotothemarkettowatchthebirds去市场观鸟3.likethebirdsatthemarket喜欢市场上的鸟4.jointheBirdwatchingSociety参加观鸟协会5.brownandgreyfeathers棕灰色的羽毛【区别】★feather鸟类的羽毛（可数名词）；fur其它动物的皮毛（不可数名词）hair头发（不可数名词）6.Whatdocraneslooklike?鹤长的什么样子？【询问长相、外貌】7.Howmanytypes/kindsofcranesarethereintheworld?世界上有多少种鹤？8.Theyarerarebirds.它们是稀有的鸟类。二、Reading1.inHeilongjiangProvince在黑龙江省2.Zhalong/YanchengNatureReserve扎龙/盐城自然保护区★nature名词：大自然→natural形容词：自然的；天然的3.inNorth-eastChina=inthenorth-eastofChina在中国东北【拓展】★inEastChina=intheeastofChina=intheeasternpartofChina在中国东部4.oneoftheworld’smostimportantwetlands世界上最重要的湿地之一=oneofthemostimportantwetlandsintheworld5.【重点】providefoodandcoverforalotofwildlife=providealotofwildlifewithfoodandcover为许多野生动物提供食物和庇护所【区分】①★providesth.forsb.=providesb.withsth.②★offersth.tosb.=offersb.sth.③cover作名词：庇护所，封面，盖子作动词：覆盖eg:Pleasecovertheboywithmycoat.请用我的外套将那个男孩盖起来。Thegroundiscoveredwithsnow.大地被雪覆盖着。（被动语态）6.Itisaperfectplaceforsomerarebirds.对一些珍稀的鸟类来说它是一个完美的地方。7.allyearround=thewholeyear一年到头8.gothereonlyforashortstay只去那儿作短暂停留=staythereonlyforashorttime9.while的用法：①while作名词：一会儿eg:afterawhile过了一会儿②while作连词：当....时候(后接长动词）eg:IwaswatchingTVwhilefatherwassleeping.③while作连词：然而（表并列关系）eg:Boyslikeplayingfootballwhilegirlslikedancing.10.beactiveinthedaytime在白天很活跃11.40percentofthemliveinZhalong.它们中的40%生活在扎龙。12.makethewetlandssmallerinordertohavemorespaceforfarmsandbuildings.让湿地变得更好是为了给农场和楼房留有更多的空间。①★inordertodosth.为了做某事→否定：inordernottodosth.为了不做某事②.....inorderthat+目的状语从句....=......sothat+目的状语从句....为了，以便.......,13.Thiswillleadtolessandlessspaceforwildlife.这将导致野生动物的空间越来越少。①★lead:带领；领导→过去式：led】②★leadtosth.→leadtodoingsth.导致某事的发生或结果，其中to为介词。③★lessandlessspace/room越来越少的空间【space/room作“空间”时不可数】14.haveenoughfoodtoeat有足够的食物吃15.NowtheChinesegovernmenthasmadelawstopreventallthesethingsinZhalong.现在中国政府已经制定了法律来预防这些事情(发生)在扎龙。①hasmade为现在完成时结构【现在完成时：have/has+过去分词】②prevent防止、阻止、预防【用法】★preventsth.预防/阻止某事★preventdoingsth.预防/阻止做某事★preventsb.(from)doingsth.=stopsb.(from)doingsth.阻止某人做某事=keepsb.fromdoingsth.【注意】keepsb.doingsth.保持某人一直做某事16.themembersoftheBirdwatchingSociety观鸟协会的成员17.gotostudythebirdsinZhalong去研究扎龙的鸟18.recordtheirtypesandchangesintheirnumbers记录它们的种类以及数量上的变化19.needmorepeopletocountanddescribethebirds需要更多的人来数鸟并且对其进行描述①count动词：数，计数→countable形容词：可数的；uncountable形容词：不可数的②describe动词：描述→description名词：描述20.helppeopleunderstandtheimportanceofthewetlands帮助人们理解湿地的重要性understand→过去式：understood21.StudyingZhalonghelpsuslearnaboutprotectingwildlife.【动名词短语作主语（单数）】三、Grammar【语法】A.用动词不定式表目的状语。Eg:Ioftengotothemarkettowatchthebirds.Imadeakitetoplaywithmyson.=Imadeakiteinordertoplaywithmyson.【语法】B、用动词不定式作宾语补足语。【结构：动词+宾语+动词不定式（作宾补）】(1)带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词主要有：要求允许提议(ask,allow,advise)，期望邀请鼓励(expect,invite,encourage)，教导告诉想要(teach,tell,want,need)，等待希望愿意(waitfor,wish,wouldlike/love)。如：①Wearenowinvitingthemtohelpus.②Weneedmorepeopletocountanddescribethebirds.③Weaskpeoplenottocatchbirdsforanyreason.(2)不带to动词不定式作补语，在主动语态句里to省略(被动语态句里to要加上）。多数动词是感官动词和使役动词，包括四“看”：lookat,observe,see,watch，三“让”：have,let,make，二“听”：hear,listento，一“感觉”：feel，一“注意”：notice。如：①Thispicturemakesmefeelexcited！②MrMuagreedtoletmejointheirschooltrip.③Sheoftenseestheboyplayfootballinthepark.(3)有的动词不定式作宾补时to可带可不带，如help后接动词不定式作补语。①Theycanhelpyou(to)learnEnglish.②UsingemailEnglishhelpsyouwritequickly.,【拓展】动词不定式的其它用法介绍：（1）用作后置定语定语：句子的主语或宾语是动词不定式的逻辑主语，不定式与其所修饰的名词、代词等存在逻辑的动宾关系.①Ihavesomanyclothes(towash)today.②Wehavenohouse(tolivein).③Ihavemuchhomework(todo).（2）用作原因状语，多见于“sb.+be+adj.+todo...”结构句中。如：①Ifeelveryluckytohaveafriendlikeyou.②Iamsorrytohearthat.（3）用作结果状语，多见于“too...to”，“enoughto...”结构句中。如：①I’mtootiredtowalkanyfarther.②Theroomisbigenoughforthreepeopletolivein.=Theroomistoosmallforthreepeopletolivein.③Iranhomequicklytofindmyhouseonfire.（4）用作宾语：常直接跟在及物动词ask,choose,agree,hope,decide,learn,know,wish,want,wouldlike/love等后面作宾语。如：①Wewanttogoshopping.②Heneedstobuyapen.③Tomdecidedtogoswimming.★动词不定式在及物动词后作宾语。动词不定式在不及物动词后常作状语。★有的动词既可接动词不定式作宾语，也可接动词-ing形式作宾语，但意义区别比较明显，如：forget/remembertodosth.（忘记/记住要做某事）；forget/rememberdoingsth.（忘记/记得做过某事）；stoptodosth.（停下来去做另一件事）；stopdoingsth.（停止正在做的事）。（5）用作主语：直接把动词不定式置于句首的情况不多，多数情况用it作形式主语，把真正的主语——动词不定式置于句末，特别是不定式短语较长时(有时在不定式的前面还会用forsb.表示不定式的逻辑主语)。动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。带疑问词的不定式短语作主语常置于句首，复合不定式结构作主语常置于句末。如：①Togettherebybikewilltakeushalfanhour.=Itwilltakeushalfanhourtogettherebybike.②It＋be＋形容词＋forsb＋todosth.Itisdifficultforustofinishtheexercisesinanhour.（difficult修物或事）③It＋be＋形容词＋ofsb＋todosth.Itiskindofyoutohelpme.(kind修人)（6）用作表语：动词不定式作表语，常说明主语的内容、性质、特征，通常放在连系动词（主要是be动词）后。如：①Mydreamistobecomeadoctor.②Myjobistocleanthetoilet.【语法】C.重点短语句型1.takephotosofthebirds拍这些鸟儿的照片2.askustowearapairofcomfortableshoes叫我们穿一双舒适的鞋3.walkalongway走很长的路4.hearsomebirdssinginthetrees听到一些鸟在树丛中唱歌【感官动词用法】【回顾】hearsb.dosth.听到某人做某事（经常性事件或听到全过程）hearsb.doingsth.听到某人正做某事（事件正在发生）4.adviseusnottoshoutinthewetlands建议我们不要在湿地大声地叫,5.makesomebirdsflysouthforthewinter使一些鸟儿飞往南方过冬【这里的south为副词】=flytothesouthtospendthewinter【这里的south为名词】四、Integratedskills1.cover/haveanareaofover5000squarekilometers占地面稷5000多平方千米=beover5000squarekilometersinarea2.Yanchengthesecondlargesthometored-crownedcranes盐城丹顶鹤的第二大故乡★behometo=bethehomeof...是....的故乡3.spendthewinter过冬4.Itisaperfectplacetogobirdwatching.它是一个观鸟的好地方。5.theWorldWetlandsDay世界湿地日6.Wetlandsareimportanttothehealthofpeopleallovertheworld.湿地对全世界人们的健康是重要的。7.asksb.foradvice(onsth.)（关于某事）向某人征求意见8.takeapairofbinocularswithsb随身带一副望远镜【takesth.withsb.随身携带某物】9.seethebirdsmoreclearly看鸟看得更清楚10.getthirsty变得口渴11.writedownwhatyousee写下你所见的【whatyousee做宾语从句】★writedown动副词组→writeit/themdown五、Studyskills动词+er/r/or构成名词。名词+ist构成名词。--er--orspeak(动词)speaker说话者visit(动词)visitor参观者farm(动词：种田)farmer农民act(动词)actor男演员paint(动词)painter画家，油漆匠invent(动词)inventor发明家play(动词)player运动员collect(动词)collector收藏家report(动词)reporter记者direct(动词)director导演wait(动词)waiter男服务员work(动词)worker工人swim(动词)★swimmer游泳者shop(动词)★shopper购物者win(动词)★winner获胜者--r--istdrive(动词)driver驾驶员tour(名词）tourist旅行者write(动词)writer作者art(名词）★artist艺术家dance(动词)dancer舞蹈家science(名词）★scientist科学家piano(名词）pianist钢琴家重点短语句型：1.makebeautifulsounds发出美妙的声音2.makedifferentbirdsounds发出不同的鸟叫声3.atbirdshows在鸟展现场4.Birdsarepartofourlives.鸟是我们生活中（不可分割）的一部分。,【区分】TaiwanispartofChina.台湾是中国（不可分割）的一部分。Hespendsapartofhistimereading.他花一小部分时间（可分割）来读书。六、Task1.makeanapplication(做)申请2.anapplicationform一份申请表3.interestsandhobbies兴趣和爱好4.letmeintroducemyself让我介绍我自己【introduce(vt.)→introduction(n.)介绍】【拓展】introduceAtoB将A介绍给B（认识）5.Iamveryinterestedinlearningaboutdifferentkindsofplants,birdsandanimals我对了解不同种类的植物，鸟以及动物很感兴趣。【beinterestedindoingsth.】6.thenaturalworld自然界7.takepartinactivities参加活动=joininactivities8.becomeamemberoftheBirdwatchingSociety成为观鸟协会的一个成员9.callsbon+电话号码打.......号码联系某人10.emailsbat+电子邮箱地址用.......电子邮箱发邮件给某人七、书面表达请帮助Sandy给观鸟俱乐部写一封信（不少于80词），要求加入俱乐部。包括以下要点：1.我想成为观鸟俱乐部的一员。2.我是阳光中学八年级的学生，我对排球很感兴趣，我最喜欢的科目体育和科学。3.我热爱鸟类，热爱大自然，要为保护鸟类做些事。4.每个星期天上午8点到10点可以参加俱乐部的活动。5.联系方式：Tel:0511-87288888.DearSirorMadam，____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________YourssincerelySandy,知识点测试一、单项选择（共20小题;每小题1分，计20分）()1.Therichman__________muchfood__________thepoorfamiliesduringthehardtime.A.provides,toB.provides,withC.provided,withD.provided,for()2.Iwanttoputthebookontheshelf.Canyoumake__________forit?A.aspaceB.somespacesC.somemoreroomsD.someroom()3.Japanis__________theeastofChinaand__________theeastofAsia.A.in,inB.in,toC.to,inD.to,to()4.Thismathproblemisnot__________forustosolve.A.easyenoughB.enougheasyC.easilyenoughD.enougheasily()5.—Don’tforgettopostthisletterforme,please.—No,I__________.A.don’tB.won’tC.mustn’tD.can’t()6.Birdscanfindfood_______nowthanbefore.A.easyB.easierC.easilyD.moreeasily()7.Theboysmade_______,andthismadehisteacher_______.A.muchnoise;gotangrilyB.muchnoise;getangryC.manynoise;getangrilyD.manynoise;gotangry()8.—Whichanimaldoyoulike_______ofall?—Snakes.Theyareverydangerous.A.betterB.bestC.littleD.least()9.HanHanisoneof_____teenagerwriterstoday,thoughsomeoldwritersdon’tlikehimverymuch.A.morefamousB.mostfamousC.themostfamousD.famous()10.Thereserveisanimportant_______areafortherarered-crownedcranes.A.liveB.aliveC.livingD.life()11.Thenumberofthebirdsthere_______over5,000.A.isB.areC.beD.were()12.Heateallthefish,_______,hisparentshavenofishtoeat.A.inordertoB.asaresultC.forexampleD.moreover()13.I’msorryI’mlateforwork_______theheavytrafficthismorning.A.becauseB.becauseofC.ifD.there’s()14.Whatabeautifulcoat!Wheredidyoubuy_______?Iwanttobuy_______justlikeit.A.it;oneB.one;itC.one;oneD.it;it()15.Therearetoomanypeopleinthehall.Wedon’thave_______tostandin.A.enoughspaceB.enoughspacesC.spacesenoughD.spaceenough()16.Theygotupearly_______theearlybus.A.tocatchingB.inordertocatchC.catchingD.catch()17.—IsTominthenextroom?—Well,it’shardtosay.ButIheardhim_______loudlywhenIpassedbyjustnow.A.speakB.tospeakC.spokenD.speaking()18.Thesesentencesareveryimportant.Please_______.A.writedownitB.writeitdownC.writedownthemD.writethemdown,()19._______abookinthelibrary,enterakeywordintothecomputer.A.TofindB.FindC.TowriteD.Write()20.Pleasecallme_______89325678oremailme_______nanjingren@126.com.A.in;atB.on;atC.at;atD.to;at二、词汇运用（共20空；每空1分，满分20分）1.ThepotmadeinSongDynastyis______________(罕见的).2.Many______________(观光者)cometoChangshutoenjoythebeautifulview.3.I______________(记录)whatyousaidlastnight.4.WewanttomakeMike______________(主席)oftheStudentsUnion.5.Takeyour______________(望远镜).Wewillwatchthestarstonight.6.Thiscourse______________(包括)allkindsofwaystopracticeyourEnglish.7.Heisplayingcomputergames______________(然而)hissisterisstudying.8.Peacockshavecolourful______________(羽毛).9.Practicemakes______________(完美的).10.Allroads______________(带领)toRome.11.Please______________[di'skraib]howtheaccidenthappened.12.Thereisa______________[brɔ:d]rivernearourschool.13.Thisisa______________['nætʃrəl]lake.Itisverybeautiful.14.Firstletme______________[,intrə'dju:s]myselftoyou.15.Manypeoplecutdowntrees______________(make)moremoney.16Theclubneedsmorestudents______________(help)themfeedtheanimals.17.I’dliketogoshoppinginsteadof______________(fish)bytheriver.18.Jimcan’twait______________(turn)ontheTVassoonashegetshomeeveryday.19.You’dbetter______________(nottake)themedicinetoday.20.Moreandmoreyoungpeoplecanunderstandthe_____________(important)ofhealthnow.三、句型转换（5分，每小题1分）1.Sandytookacameratotakephotosofbirds.(划线提问)___________didSandytakeacamera_____________?2.Mydadtakesacameratotakephotosofthebirds.(保持句意不变)Mydadtakesacamera______________________totakephotosofthebirds.3.Shedoesn’tknowhowsheshouldlookaftertheparrot.(改简单句)Shedoesn’tknow__________________________lookaftertheparrot.4.Thenewschoolwillprovideagoodenvironmentforthestudents.(同义句转换)Thenewschoolwill___________thestudents__________agoodenvironment.5.Protectingwildlifeisveryimportantforus.(同义句转换)_________veryimportantforus___________________________wildlife.四、翻译句子（5分，每空1分）1.现在我们正邀请一些游客来计算和描述鸟儿。____________________________________________________________________2..你们最好不要以任何理由捕获鸟儿。____________________________________________________________________,3.因此，处于危险中的动物没有足够的食物吃。____________________________________________________________________4.这将导致给野生动物的空间越来越少。____________________________________________________________________5为了加入观鸟协会，他得了解许多有关鸟儿和大自然（的东西）。____________________________________________________________________